Yllana Bay View College, Inc.

“The Builder of Future Leaders”

Senior High School Department
Enerio Street, Balangasan District, Pagadian City

TEACHING GUIDE for

Understanding Culture, Society and Politics

Date(s) August 5, 7, 9, 2019

Topic/Lesson 1. The Neolithic Revolution
2. Anthropology
3. Sociology
4. Political Science

Content Standards The learner demonstrates an understanding

of:

1. The rationale for studying

anthropology, political science, and
sociology.

2. The role of culture in human

adaptation.

3. Processes of cultural and

sociopolitical evolution

Performance Standards The learners:

1. Appreciates the value of disciplines

of Anthropology, Sociology, and
Political Science as social sciences.

2. Analyze key features of

interrelationships of biological,
cultural and sociopolitical processes
in human evolution that can still be
used and developed.
Learning Competencies The learners:

1. Analyze social, political, and

cultural change.
2. Explore the significance of human
material remains and artefactual
evidence in interpreting cultural
and social, including political and
economic, processes.

3. Recognize national, local, and

specialized museums, and
archaeological and historical sites as
venues to appreciate and reflect on
the complexities of biocultural and
social evolution as part of being and
becoming human.

Time Allotment 4 hours and 30 minutes / 270 minutes

Teaching Strategy Discussion, Reportage, Oral Recitation,
Assessment (through Quiz Bee game on the
3rd session)

LESSON OUTLINE

I- Introduction The instructor will call someone to lead the

opening prayer, greet the students, check them
in regards to their personal stuff last
weekends, and after checking their state of
mind, and to make sure that their focus is in
the class, there will be a brief summary or
recap of the last topic.

II- Motivation The instructor will then introduce the topic to

them via asking about their ideas or
perspectives about this new topic that the
instructor will discuss.

III- Instruction/ Delivery The teacher will introduce the topic:

The Neolithic Revolution

This period is characterized by a major shift in
economic subsistence of the early humans
from foraging to agriculture. This dramatic
shift affected the other aspects of their
lifestyle, as foraging made them nomads and
agriculture encouraged permanent settlement.
This shift in itself changed the entire array of
behaviors, attitudes, beliefs and corresponding
material inventions.

Characteristics of Paleolithic and Neolithic

Societies:

Characteristic Paleolithic Neolithic

s
Tools Small and Included a
handy for wider array
mobile of small and
lifestyle bigger tools
due to
sedentary
lifestyle
Personal Limited to Included
properties personal structures
accessories (e.g.,
and small houses),
tools that decorative
could ornaments,
easily be large
carried containers
around.
Art Small and Included the
limited to creation of
personal artworks
ornaments, that
bigger required a
artworks longer
were done length of
but not time and a
within a greater
long time number of
frame people (e.g.,
(e.g., cave Stonehenge)
paintings)
Subsistence Foraging Agriculture
Leadership Not rigid; Semi rigid;
 based on based on
age and legitimacy
knowledge (religious
beliefs,
social
status)
Social divisions None; Elite vs.
communal working
lifestyle class
Population size Small (30- Large (in
50 people) thousands)

Early civilization and the Rise of the State:

The early civilizations rose by the end of the

Neolithic period as the complexities brought
about by the shift in food production
demanded a more rigid social structure that
would manage the opposing perspectives of
various sectors.

As conflicts between groups developed and

intensified, the need to create a more cohesive
society became definite.

They were characterized by the presence of

city-states, a system of writing, and a
ceremonial center where public debates and
decisions were made.

However, it must be noted that not all

societies during this period could be
considered as civilizations as not all possessed
a political system that could be equated to a
state.

A state is a political entity that has four

requisite elements:

1. Territory
2. Sovereignty
3. People
 4. Government

The Role of Museums in Preserving Human

Heritage

Museums are the repository of archaeological

finds that allow people from the contemporary
period to reconstruct the culture and
environment of their ancestors.

Because history is encapsulated in a venue,

which is the museum, ordinary people get
have an access to their ancestors’ lives and
environment without travelling to
archaeological sites, which are often highly
inaccessible.

In 2010, Conference of the Museum

Association, new roles of the museums were
identified which include:

1. Fostering community solidarity

through shared history.
2. Regeneration and development of
the local economy.

Introduction to Anthropology

Anthropology – “Humans studying humans.”

This is a scientific study of humans and
human behavior and societies in the past and
present.

It is also defined as the “study of people –

their origins, their development, and
contemporary variations wherever and
whenever they have been found on the face of
the earth.”

According to the book there are five sub

disciplines that were addressed:
 1. Archaeology – examines the remains
of ancient and historical human
population to promote an
understanding of how humans have
adapted to their environment and
developed.
2. Cultural anthropology – promotes the
study of a society’s culture through
their belief, systems, practices, and
possessions.
3. Linguistic anthropology – examines
the language of a group of people and
its relation to their culture,
4. Physical anthropology – looks into the
biological development of humans and
their contemporary variation.

5. Applied anthropology – attempts to

solve contemporary problems through
application of theories and approaches
of discipline.

Sociology – is the study of human social

relationships and institutions.

Sociology’s subject matter is diverse, ranging

from crime to religion, from the family to the
state, from the divisions of race and social
class to the shared beliefs of a common
culture, and from social stability to radical
change in whole societies.

Unifying the study of these diverse subjects of

study is sociology’s purpose of understanding
how human action and consciousness both
shape and are shaped by surrounding cultural
and social structures.

Sociologists study society and social behavior

by examining the groups, cultures,
organizations, social institutions, and
processes that people develop.

Sociologists observe the everyday life of

groups, conduct large-scale surveys, interpret
historical documents, analyze census data,
study video-taped interactions, interview
participants of groups, and conduct laboratory
experiments. The research methods and
theories of sociology yield powerful insights
into the social processes shaping human lives
and social problems and prospects in the
 contemporary world. 

Political science focuses on the theory and

practice of government and politics at the
local, state, national, and international levels.
We are dedicated to developing
understandings of institutions, practices, and
relations that constitute public life and modes
of inquiry that promote citizenship.

IV Practice The teacher will randomly call the students

about the topic, and ask some questions about
the topic.
V-Enrichment The students will be asked about what they
understood about the Neolithic
Period/Revolution and its importance in
regards to civilization and evolution of human
society, and also, what they understood about
anthropology, sociology and political science.

VI – Evaluation The instructor will conduct a short quiz at the

VII - Recommended Resources and Material
end of the weekly session.
Internet Connection, Wikipedia,
Understanding Culture, Society and Politics
(DIWA Senior High School Series), Maria
Carinnes P. Alejandria-Gonzales, Henry M.
Custodio

Prepared by:

PRINCE VIRNIEL B. CARUMBA, LPT

Instructor

Approved by:

LONIVERT O. CRUZ, LT
Principal
 Yllana Bay View College, Inc.
“The Builder of Future Leaders”
Senior High School Department
Enerio Street, Balangasan District, Pagadian City

Name of Instructor: Prince Virniel B. Carumba, LPT

Date of Coverage: MWF: August 5, 7, 9, 12, 14, 16, 2019
Semester and Year Level: Grade XII A1/A2 | Grade XII B1/B2

Learning Source Material for the Topic(s): Neolithic Revolution,

Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science

The Neolithic Revolution

It is also called the First Agricultural Revolution, was the wide-scale transition of many human
cultures during the Neolithic period from a lifestyle of hunting and gathering to one of
agriculture and settlement, making increasingly larger population possible.
This period is characterized by a major shift in economic subsistence of the early humans from
foraging to agriculture. This dramatic shift affected the other aspects of their lifestyle, as
foraging made them nomads and agriculture encouraged permanent settlement. This shift in itself
changed the entire array of behaviors, attitudes, beliefs and corresponding material inventions.
These settled communities permitted humans to observe and experiment with plants to learn how
they grew and developed. This new knowledge led to the domestication of plants.

Characteristics of Paleolithic and Neolithic Societies:

Characteristics Paleolithic Neolithic

Tools Small and handy for mobile Included a wider array of small and
lifestyle bigger tools due to sedentary lifestyle
Personal properties Limited to personal accessories Included structures (e.g., houses),
and small tools that could decorative ornaments, large containers
easily be carried around.
Art Small and limited to personal Included the creation of artworks that
ornaments, bigger artworks required a longer length of time and a
were done but not within a greater number of people (e.g.,
long time frame (e.g., cave Stonehenge)
paintings)
Subsistence Foraging Agriculture
Leadership Not rigid; based on age and Semi rigid; based on legitimacy
knowledge (religious beliefs, social status)
Social divisions None; communal lifestyle Elite vs. working class
Population size Small (30-50 people) Large (in thousands)

Early civilization and the Rise of the State:

The early civilizations rose by the end of the Neolithic period as the complexities brought about
by the shift in food production demanded a more rigid social structure that would manage the
opposing perspectives of various sectors.
As conflicts between groups developed and intensified, the need to create a more cohesive
society became definite.
They were characterized by the presence of city-states, a system of writing, and a ceremonial
center where public debates and decisions were made.
However, it must be noted that not all societies during this period could be considered as
civilizations as not all possessed a political system that could be equated to a state.

A state is a political entity that has four requisite elements:

1. Territory
2. Sovereignty
3. People
4. Government

The Role of Museums in Preserving Human Heritage

Museums are the repository of archaeological finds that allow people from the contemporary
period to reconstruct the culture and environment of their ancestors.

Because history is encapsulated in a venue, which is the museum, ordinary people get have an
access to their ancestors’ lives and environment without travelling to archaeological sites, which
are often highly inaccessible.

In 2010, Conference of the Museum Association, new roles of the museums were identified
which include:
1. Fostering community solidarity through shared history.
2. Regeneration and development of the local economy.
Introduction to Anthropology

Anthropology – “Humans studying humans.”

This is a scientific study of humans and human behavior and societies in the past and present.
It is also defined as the “study of people – their origins, their development, and contemporary
variations wherever and whenever they have been found on the face of the earth.”
According to the book there are five sub disciplines that were addressed:

1. Archaeology – examines the remains of ancient and historical human population to

promote an understanding of how humans have adapted to their environment and
developed.
2. Cultural anthropology – promotes the study of a society’s culture through their belief,
systems, practices, and possessions.
3. Linguistic anthropology – examines the language of a group of people and its relation to
their culture,
4. Physical anthropology – looks into the biological development of humans and their
contemporary variation.
5. Applied anthropology – attempts to solve contemporary problems through application of
theories and approaches of discipline.

Sociology – is the study of human social relationships and institutions.

Sociology’s subject matter is diverse, ranging from crime to religion, from the family to the state,
from the divisions of race and social class to the shared beliefs of a common culture, and from
social stability to radical change in whole societies.

Unifying the study of these diverse subjects of study is sociology’s purpose of understanding
how human action and consciousness both shape and are shaped by surrounding cultural and
social structures.

Sociologists study society and social behavior by examining the groups, cultures, organizations,
social institutions, and processes that people develop.

Sociologists observe the everyday life of groups, conduct large-scale surveys, interpret historical
documents, analyze census data, study video-taped interactions, interview participants of groups,
and conduct laboratory experiments. The research methods and theories of sociology yield
powerful insights into the social processes shaping human lives and social problems and
prospects in the contemporary world. 

Political science focuses on the theory and practice of government and politics at the local, state,
national, and international levels. We are dedicated to developing understandings of institutions,
practices, and relations that constitute public life and modes of inquiry that promote citizenship.
 Yllana Bay View College, Inc.
“The Builder of Future Leaders”
Senior High School Department
Enerio Street, Balangasan District, Pagadian City

COURSE OUTLINE

Instructor’s Name: Prince Virniel B. Carumba, LPT Subject: Understanding Culture, Society and Politics
Date(s): August 5, 7, 9, 2019
Grade& Block: Grade 12 | Block A1/A2
Days: MWF Time: 11:40AM – 1:10PM
Room Number: MH – 1

I – Topic Neolithic Revolution, Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science

II – Time Frame One (1) hour and thirty (30) minutes per session; total of Four (4) hours and thirty (30) minutes

III – Learning Competencies The learners:

● Analyze social, political, and cultural change.

● Explore the significance of human material remains and artefactual evidence in interpreting
cultural and social, including political and economic, processes.

● Recognize national, local, and specialized museums, and archaeological and historical sites
as venues to appreciate and reflect on the complexities of biocultural and social evolution as
part of being and becoming human.

Instruction or Delivery:

● The instructor will discuss the topic and will collaborate with the students to have an active,
engaging and working environment during class.
August 5 and 7
● The instructor will also assess them through small exercises to assess their understanding of
the topic.

● The instructor and the students will have a short review about the previous topic and will
discuss the first part of the topic and will continue the topic on to the next sessions by next
week.
August 9 ● The instructor will also assess again the students to check their understanding or learning of
the topics.
 Approved by: LONIVERT O. CRUZ
Principal

Yllana Bay View College, Inc.

“The Builder of Future Leaders”
Senior High School Department
Enerio Street, Balangasan District, Pagadian City

COURSE OUTLINE

Instructor’s Name: Prince Virniel B. Carumba, LPT Subject: Understanding Culture, Society and Politics
Date(s): August 5, 7, 9, 2019
Grade& Block: Grade 12 | Block A1/A2
Days: MWF Time: 2:30PM – 4:00 PM
Room Number: MH – 1

I – Topic Neolithic Revolution, Anthropology (Part 1)

II – Time Frame One (1) hour and thirty (30) minutes per session; total of Four (4) hours and thirty (30) minutes

III – Learning Competencies The learners:

● Analyze social, political, and cultural change.

● Explore the significance of human material remains and artefactual evidence in interpreting
cultural and social, including political and economic, processes.

● Recognize national, local, and specialized museums, and archaeological and historical sites
as venues to appreciate and reflect on the complexities of biocultural and social evolution as
part of being and becoming human.

Instruction or Delivery:

● The instructor will discuss the topic and will collaborate with the students to have an active,
engaging and working environment during class.
August 5 and 7
● The instructor will also assess them through small exercises to assess their understanding of
the topic.

● The instructor and the students will have a short review about the previous topic and will
 discuss the first part of the topic and will continue the topic on to the next sessions by next
week.
August 9
● The instructor will also assess again the students to check their understanding or learning of
the topics.

Approved by: LONIVERT O. CRUZ

Principal