Challenges for 5G Deployment in

Brazil
by Halley Lima Gomes
July 21, 2019

Final project GSMA Capacity Building

Course – 5G – The path to next generation

Source:
Classificado como Público Image ‘5G’ extracted from https://www.3gpp.org/dynareport/SpecList.htm?release=Rel-15&tech=4
BRAZIL – NUMBERS AND GAPS
MOBILE ACESSES BROADBAND ACESSES INFRASTRUCTURE GAP
Period
• Population: about 210 Million
Mobile Accesses
May/18 Dec/18 Apr/19 May/19 • Brazil Area: 8.516.000 KM2
235,452 229,211 228,633 228,633 • Infrastructure gap:
Mobile Accesses
60,74% 56,52% 55,01% 54,67% • Optical fiber backhaul: 1.805 / 5.570 cities
Prepaid
112.68 109.24 108,71 108,66 • Mobile Coverage
Density
• 4G -> 4454 cities/5570
• Without mobile coverage: 2012 secondary districts / 4717
Month Growth -0,1% -1,1% -0,1% 0.0%

-2,8% -3,1% -3,0% -2,9% secondary districts (secondary district is a part of a city. The main
district of all municipalities have 3G or 2G coverage)
Growth in 1 year

Source: https://www.ibge.gov.br/apps/populacao/projecao/

DENSITY – MOBILE (BR VS. WORLD) DENSITY – BROADBAND BRAZIL

% Population covered with optical Best

Year 200 201 201 201 2018 201 Municipaliti
fiber backhaul ( in 1805 mobile
7 4 6 7 9 es (Total %
technolog
Densi 15% 37% 39% 42% 45% 45% municipalities of 5570) 5570)
ty y
9.30% 4.554 81,76%
4G

3G 940 16,88%
76 1,46%
3G

90.70%
Source: Anatel e ITU Without Fiber With Fiber
https://sei.anatel.gov.br/sei/modulos/pesquisa/md_pesq_documento_consulta_externa.php?eEP-
wqk1skrd8hSlk5Z3rN4EVg9uLJqrLYJw_9INcO6t-
RADIOFREQUENCY (1/2)
BRAZIL NEEDS TO PREPARE FOR THE SPECTRUM’S REQUIREMENT OF 5G BRAZIL VS. WORLD – TRIALS ARE BEING CONCLUDED FOR 3.5 GHZ BAND
Brazil – Auction forecasts – Based on Opinion nº 270/2019*

• 5G Public Policies. MCTIC (Minister of Communications) Public

Consultation on National Plan focused on spectrum availability, sites
licensing, new applications taxation, R&D and cybersecurity.
• Bands. 700MHz (10+10MHz), 2.3GHz (100MHz), 3.5GHz (300MHz) and
26GHz (3.200MHz)
• Bid price x Commitments. Significant coverage obligations in 4G (or
higher) and fiber optic backhaul (10Gbps)
• Expected auction for 1Q2020

SMALL CELLS

• It’s needed to encourage the installation of small cells. Currently in

Brazil, there is no legal and regulatory environment that encourages the
installation of such equipment .
• Recently Anatel published public consultation about femto cells (only
type of small cells) without mentioning pico cells, micro cells or metro
cells.
• Full 5G with all its possibilities will only be possible with densification of
antennas and small cells (including femto cells). At the moment, Brazil
is late when compared with the rest of the world
Source: Mordor Intelligence
*Source: Opinion’ Anatel available: https://sei.anatel.gov.br/sei/modulos/pesquisa/md_pesq_documento_consulta_externa.php?eEP-
wqk1skrd8hSlk5Z3rN4EVg9uLJqrLYJw_9INcO6yEIb-Y50OPg3fhBEO0PfCNzAJPE0Bq34XPR_9PCa-RS2f6RsS-PVPrK0MZky9xJ9z8uEbLvUoVv-rncYkPYwx
RADIOFREQUENCY (2/2)
AUCTION PRICE IS A BIG CONCERN RECENT AUCTIONS - EUR PER MHZ PER POPULATION

• ANATEL (Brazilian telecoms regulator) have promised auction without

strong focus on fundraising:

• …However, the international experience of the high cost of spectrum

acquisition is worrying, which may hamper investment capacity for 5G
• Tax Burden and lack of state incentive is also a cause of concern

OTHER CHALLENGES

• About Radiofrequency-Eletronic magnetic fields (RF-EMF) exposure that

can be generated for 5G technology, there is no a great stakeholders
movement about it. from Fifth Generation (5G) mobile technology; the
Although it has not yet begun to
Internet of Things (IoT), also known as machine implement these 5G networks, Brazil has
• According Ericsson* “Exposure levels will be below international safety always observed international limits, with
limits The power levels of the radio signals transmitted by 5G radio detailed regulation on the subject.
equipment will be of similar or lower magnitude as those used in
previous networks. 5G devices will be designed and tested to comply Certainly, Anatel will maintain this
with established radio wave exposure limits. 5G base stations will be position.
positioned so that the exposure in homes and public areas is well below
the limits.”

*Source: Ericsson – Radio Waves and Health: 5G

SITES LICENSING AND NEW APPLICATIONS TAXATION

CHALLENGES AND GAPS IT IS NEEDED...

•Local rules about Sites Licensing - Delays may hamper •Reduce installation barriers, licensing, right of way, of
the deployment of the 5G network. stations to reach 5G potential: to promote the diffusion
of devices and stations
•Tax Burden – taxes need return for companies to enable
the expansion of 5G networks •"Positive Silence" (60 days without authority response
implies tacit approval) and uniformity of municipalities
to the federal rule (Antenna Law)
•It is needed a revision about licensing and granting.
Anatel published a public consultation about this topic,
containing following points: •Improve collection of taxes, make feasible the use of
FUST (state fund) and pay or play ICMS (state tax about
telecommunication services)
•(i) collection of a single fee in the case of ran sharing;
•(ii) the possibility of issuing a single granting act for
all service modalities;
•(iii) exemption from the licensing of mobile terminals;
•(iv) Tax exemption for M2M and exemption of
licensing too;
•(v) discussion on charging for multiple service
stations.
Source: Anatel e ITU
https://sei.anatel.gov.br/sei/modulos/pesquisa/md_pesq_documento_consulta_externa.php?eEP-
wqk1skrd8hSlk5Z3rN4EVg9uLJqrLYJw_9INcO6t-
OTHER CHALLENGES
RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND INNOVATION SECURITY

• According public consultation published by Ministry of Science, Technology,
Innovation and Communications – MCTIC, will be need to ensure budget to
these activities.
• Currently there is little research on 5G in Brazil. Below number of 5G
researches amount per Brazilian state, with a total of 14.
• 5G brings additional vulnerabilities over previous technologies: 4G, 3G and 2G
• Incorporation of edge computing, no longer restricted to the core network
requires distributed network security solutions

• the large-scale use of 5G-connected IoT devices unable to incorporate robust

security solutions

• Network slicing can generate a discussion about net neutrality present in

Brazilian Civil framework of the Internet (Marco Civil da Internet in Portuguese)

• Integrated national cybersecurity policy

• Voluntary development of codes of conduct and rules of good practice by

manufacturers and operators

• New certification and approval processes (privacy and security by design) for
5G networks and constant updating of security policies

• Investment in equipment, specific safety systems and training of specialized

personnel

Source: MCTIC. Available https://www.mctic.gov.br/mctic/export/sites/institucional/sessaoPublica/arquivos/estrategia5g/Documento-base-

da-Estrategia-Brasileira-de-5G.pdf
APPLICATIONS
THE 5G NETWORK IS CONSIDERED THE TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTION THAT WILL ALLOW THE USE OF IOT IN
A MASSIVE WAY.

• Focus regarding Public Consultation* published MCTIC: • “Internet of Things (IoT) appears, in this context, as enabling
(i) automotive; technology for such applications, enabling you to
revolutionize and connect the global world through intelligent
(ii) data analysis; devices and heterogeneous, interacting with each other over
(iii) industry 4.0; the Internet, collecting and sharing data.
(iv) health;
• “One of the main points necessary for the adequate
(v) business operations and support systems; development of IoT in Brazil, with the potential of connecting
(vi) smart city billions of devices, is related to the availability of
connectivity.”
(vii)Rural areas – agribusiness
• In July, 02, 2019 The Decree establishing the National Plan for • “In this sense, 5G promises to enable critical IoT applications
Internet of Things (Decree No. 9,854/2019) was published to that require control real-time and dynamic process
regulate and encourage this technology in Brazil automation, supporting the massive implementation of these
heterogeneous devices, connected simultaneously with new
service requirements, to to efficiently stimulate Massive and
Critical IoT applications”

*Source: MCTIC. Available https://www.mctic.gov.br/mctic/export/sites/institucional/sessaoPublica/arquivos/estrategia5g/Documento-

base-da-Estrategia-Brasileira-de-5G.pdf
THANK YOU FOR YOUR
ATTENTION