Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Equilibrium of Coplanar Non-Concurrent Force System
Equilibrium of Coplanar Non-Concurrent Force System
EQUILIBRIUM OF COPLANAR
3 NON-CONCURRENT
FORCE SYSTEM
SUPPORT REACTIONS
The various structural members are connected to the surroundings by various types of supports.
The structural members exert forces on supports known as action. Similarly, the supports exert
forces on structural members known as reaction.
A beam is a horizontal member, which is generally placed on supports. The beam is subjected
to vertical forces known as action. Supports exert forces, known as reaction, on the beam.
Types of Supports
The following types of supports are found in practice:
1. Simple supports
2. Roller supports
3. Hinged or pinned supports
4. Fixed supports
Simple supports
Simple supports (Figure 6.1) are those which exert reactions perpendicular to the plane of support.
They restrict translation of the body in one direction only, but do not restrict rotation.
109
110 ELEMENTS OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING MECHANICS
Types of Beams
Simply supported beam
It is a beam which consists of simple supports (Figure 6.5). Such a beam can resist forces normal
to the axis of the beam.
Continuous beam
It is a beam which consists of three or more supports (Figure 6.6).
Types of Loads
Concentrated load
A load which is concentrated at a point in a beam is known as concentrated load (Figure 6.10).
To convert the 20 kN/m UDL into a point load which is acting at the centre of a particular
span (i.e. 3 m), we proceed as follows:
Magnitude of point load = 20 kN/m ´ 3 m = 60 kN
Uniformly varying load
A load which varies with the length of the beam is known as uniformly varying load (Figure 6.12).
The magnitude of the point load corresponding to a uniformly varying load such as that shown in
Figure 6.12, is calculated as follows:
2. Draw the free body diagram of the given beam by showing all the forces and reactions
acting on the beam.
3. Apply the three conditions of equilibrium to calculate the unknown reactions at the supports.
Example 6.1 A simply supported beam of length (span) 5 m is loaded as shown in Figure 6.13.
Find the reactions at A and B.
SFy = 0
or RA + RB – 6 – 2 – 5 = 0
or RA + RB = 13
SMA = 0
or –RB ´ 5 + 6 ´ 2 + 2 ´ 3 + 5 ´ 4 = 0
or 5RB = 38 Þ RB = 7.6 kN Ans.
\ RA = 13 – 7.6 = 5.4 kN Ans.
Example 6.2 A simply supported beam of span 6 m is subjected to loading as shown in
Figure 6.15. Determine the reactions at A and B.