Process of blood circulation

 The main components to produce energy in the body-…………………………………

 The transport medium of the body- …………………………………

 Blood tissue
 A special connective tissue
 Red in colour

 Red blood cells

 Colour - …………………………………
 Shape - …………………………………
 Form in -…………………………………
 Life span -…………………………………
 The pigment that is present in red blood cells –……………….…
 Function of that pigment – …………………………………
…………………………………….…………
 Absence of nucleus in red blood cells provides a large surface area
to absorb more oxygen.

 White blood cells

 Colour - …………………………………
 Size - …………………………………
 Form in - …………………………………
 They are with nuclei .
 The ratio between red blood cells to white blood cells is 600:1
 One cubic millimeter (1 mm3) of human blood contains 4 000 - 11 000
number of WBC.
 The function of WBC is to protect the body from infectious particles
that enter the body. This is done by phagocytosis and by producing
antibodies.
 Two types of WBC

Granulocytes Non-granulocytes

Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils Lymphocytes Monocytes

50% - 70% 1% - 4% 0% - 1% 20% - 40% 2% - 8%

 Platelets
 Cannot be considered as cells in human blood.
 Corpuscles without nuclei are known as platelets.
 One cubic milimetre of blood contains 150 000-400 000 platelets.
 Form in – …………………………………
 Life span - …………………………………
 Due to diseases like dengue and leptospirosis, platelet count drops drastically.
 Platelets contain ………………………………… which help in coagulation of blood.

 Blood plasma

 92% of blood plasma is

……………………………
 The second most abundant
compound is ………………..
 Nutrients, nitrogenous waste, hormones,
enzymes, gases and ions are present in
blood plasma.

 Function of blood


 Blood Circulation

 Arterial system consists of all the arteries

in the blood circulatory system.
 It transports oxygenated blood.
 But pulmonary artery transports
deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
 Venous system consists of all the veins in
the blood circulatory system.
 It transports deoxygenated blood.
 But pulmonary veins transport
oxygenated blood from lungs to the left
atrium.

 Double blood circulation

 Pulmonary circulation………………................…….
………………………………………………………
The pump for the pulmonary circulation……………
 Systemic circulation……………..…….
……………………………………………
The pump for the systemic circulation, …………….
 Double circulation. ………………................…….
………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………
  Heart beat - ……………..……………………………………………………………………………..
The heart beat rate of a healthy person at rest- ……………………………………………

 Cardiac cycle - 1) Diastole – ………………………………………………………(0.1 seconds)

2) Systole - …………………………………………..……………(0.3 seconds)
3) Intervening - ……………………………………………………(0.4 seconds)

 Electro cardio gram (E.C.G) - ……………..…………………………………………………………

……………..……………………………………………………………………………..……………..

P - …………………………………….

QRS - …………………………………..

T - …………………………………….

ECG wave patterns deviate from normal patterns due to dysfunction of heart. Lub - Dup sound in heart
beat can be heard by keeping ear or stethoscope on chest. Lub sound is longer than Dup sound. Lub sound is
produced when bicuspid and tricuspid valves close in atrial contraction. Next produce Dup sound and it is
shorter. This Dup sound is resulted when semi lunar valves close.

 Blood pressure

 systolic blood pressure. - ………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………...…………
Normal systolic blood pressure - …………………………………………….
 Diastolic blood pressure - ………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………...…………
Normal diastolic blood pressure –…………………………………………….
 factors that can increase blood pressure.- ……………………………………………………….

Lymphatic system

 Another transportation system closely linked with blood circulatory system.

 Lymphatic system.-
  Lymph. -
…………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………..………
 Lymphatic system consists of – ………………………………
…………………………………………………………..………
 Two main lymph vessels in the body –
…………………………
…………………………………………………………..………
 Main function of lymphatic system - ………………………
…………………………………………………………..………
…………………………………………………………..………

 Diseases associated with blood circulatory system

Disease Description Symptoms Causes Prevention

Artherosclerosis

Hypertension
and
hypotension

Thrombosis