‘This international standard was developed in acordance wih internationals rong Devcopmeat of ltreat Standards, Calder and Recommendations based by Aly Designation: C88/C88M - 18 Standard Test Method for ince on standardization establish in te Desna on Principles forthe or Trade Organ Techical Barly Trade TST) Commie Soundness of Aggregates by Use of Sodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate’ “This sandals ued wr the Bod esgnaton CBRCHEM; the ner immediately following the designation inate the yea of igi edpton or inthe ese of evson, te yet of lt revtoe Anum in pretends the year of last reapproval. "Supt epsilon) nds an eto cng since the lt ein o repro ‘Tis standart hos been eppoved frase by agencies of the US. Deparment of Defers. 1. Scope" LLL This test method covers the testing of aggregates to estimate their soundness when subjected to weathering action in concrete or other applications. This is accomplished by repeated immersion in saturated solutions of sodium or mag- racsium sulfate followed by oven drying to partially or com- pletely dehydrate the salt precipitated in permeable pore spaces. The internal expansive force, derived from the rehy- dration of the salt upon re-immersion, simulates the expansion of water on freezing. This test method furnishes information helpful in judging the soundness of aggregates when adequate information is not available from service records of the ‘material exposed to actual weathering conditions. 1.2 The values stated in SI or inch pound units shall be regarded separately as standard, The inch ~pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated are not exact equivalents; therefore each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in noncon- formance. 1.3 Some values have only SI units because the inch-pound equivalents are not used in practice 4 If the results obtained from another standard are not reported in the same system of units as used by this test ‘method, it is permitted to convert those results using the conversion factors found in the SI Quick Reference Guide.” Nore Sieve sie is identified by its standard designation in Speci- fication Eli. The altemate designation given in parentheses is for information aly and does not represent a different standard sieve size. LS This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- Concrete and Comet Aggregates and ithe rect responsibility of Subeormitn: (0.20 on Aggregates Current edion aproved Aug. 1. 2018. ubished August 2018. Orgy spproved in 931, Las previo sion approved in 2013 as CRE13. DO! LESBOS COOESAETS ‘Annex Ais Form and Sle for AST Standards, www ASTN.o@/COMMIT/ Ble Book dpe priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- ‘mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. L6 This international standard was developed in accor- dance with internationally recognized principles on standant- ization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- ‘mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Comittee. aun ‘anug 2. Referenced Documents 241 ASTM Standards:* (€33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates 125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag- gregates CI36/C136M Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Agaregates C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials €702/C702M Practice for Reducing Samples of Aggregate to Testing Size D7S/D75SM Practice for Sampling Aggregates EIL Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves 100 Specification for ASTM Hydrometers 323 Specification for Perforated-Plate Sieves for Testing Purposes ‘VOL-NVI90 ‘Ado “WSN ‘8zb6T Va “UayD0YOYsUOD 359) 3. Terminology 3.1 For definitions of general terms used in this test method see Terminology C125. WALLYOSNOD WIM-dd-IV>INIU- Nsq yaieaenqip 4. Significance and Use 4.1 This test method provides procedure for making a preliminary estimate of the soundness of aggregates for use in concrete and other purposes. The values obtained may be ‘compared with specifications, for example Specification C33/ >For referenced ASTM sind, vs the ASTM website, wasn. of enact ASTM Castor Service at service @astm.erg. For Anat Bok of AST Stunden volume iafloaton fr ote sandart's BocamentSurmary page 08 the ASTM wes *A.Summary of Changes section appears atthe end of this standard Conystt © AST maton, 19 ‘Copyright by ASTM Int (alright reserved; Men May 27 02:18:52 EDT 2019 Dovnloudedprines by (pursuant Licenie Ascent No ater reprodictions thorized anoqiel 1eg 90T ‘ieuonewawT Wsy ed! eH, = i i j ily csaicsam - 18 (C33M, that are designed to indicate the suitability of aggregate proposed For use, Since the precision ofthis test method is poor (ection [3), it may not be suitable for outright rejection of ‘aggregates without confirmation from other tests more closely related to the specific service intended. 42 Values for the permitted-loss percentage by this test method are usually different for fine and coarse aggregates, and attention is called to the fact that test results by use of the two salts differ considerably and care must be exercised in fixing proper limits in any specifications that include requirements for these tests. The test is usually more severe when magnesium sulfate is used; accordingly, limits for percent loss allowed ‘when magnesium sulfate is used are normally higher than limits when sodium sulfate is used. [Nore 2--Refer ta the appropriate sections in Specification C33/C33M stablshing conditions For aveptance of coarse and fine ageregaes which fail to met requirements based on this tes 5, Apparatus 5.1 Sieves—With square openings of the following sizes conforming to Specifications El or £323, for sieving the ‘samples in accordance with Sections 7, 8, and 10: 180 uo. 100) 2.0mm (ein) 25 am win). 300 ue. $0) 123mm (ain) 180 mm Guin) 600 pm fe 30) 390 mm Guin) 250mm (1) 1.28 mm 18) 38 mm (Vien) 2236 mm No.8) 278mm (tain) 50 mm 2a} 4400 mm fe. 5) 3 mm (2) larger sizes by 475 we No.8) 125 main) spread 5.2 Comainers—Containers for immersing the samples of ‘aggregate in the solution, in accordance with the procedure described in this test method, shall be perforated in such a ‘manner as to permit free access of the solution to the sample and drainage of the solution from the sample without loss of aggregate, [Nort 3—Baskets made of suitable wire mesh oF sieves with suitable ‘openings are stisfactory containers fr the samples. 5.3 Temperature Regulation—Suitable means for regulating the temperature ofthe samples during immersion in the sodium, sulfate or magnesium sulfate solution shall be provided. 5.4 Temperature Recorder—With an accuracy of at least 0.5 °C (1 °F) and capable of recording the temperature of the solution atleast once every 15 min for the duration of the test. 5.5 Balances—For fine aggregate, a balance or scale accu rate within 0.1 g over the range required for this test; for coarse aggregate, a balance or scale accurate within 0.1 % or Ig, Whichever is greater, over the range required for this test. 5.6 Drying Oven—The oven shall be capable of being heated continuously at 110 = 5 °C (230 + 9 °F) and the rate of evaporation, at this range of temperature, shall be atleast 25, ‘g/h for 4h, duting which period the doors of the oven shall be kept closed. This rate shall be determined by the loss of water from I-L Griffin low-form beakers, each initially containing, ‘Con toy ASTD In (al ih reseed: Mon May 27 02:18:52 EDT 2019 y Downloaded pried by . {pursuant i License Agreement No fue seyreduton auhoizod 500 g of water at a temperature of 21 = 2 °C (70 * 3.°F), placed at each corner and the center of each shelf of the oven. ‘The evaporation requirement is to apply to all test locations when the oven is empty except for the beakers of water. 5.7 Specific Gravity Measurement—Hydrometers conform- ing to the requirements of Specification E100, or a suitable combination of graduated glassware and balance, capable of measuring the solution specific gravity within 0.001, 6. Special Solutions Required 6.1 Prepare te solution for immersion of test samples from citer sodium or magnesium sulfate in accordance with 6.11 0¢ 612 (Note #), The volume ofthe solution sal be atleast ive times the sod Yolume of al samples immersed st any one time. a hg Ca eee oie aoa eae che ag enankel nen fh sll sous, rezhig fs cena ty hgh eased oes sono i encureed ox sree epee wing Are sluon tat as boon sed memes tte th sone Ops of erm tckpovied hat e Sf maton reas he reuinen oT ant 612 fr ci gv. BE 6.14 Sean Sulfate Solaion—Prepare a saturated solution of sodium sulfate by dissolving a USP or equal grade ofthe salt fn water ata temperate of 25 to 30 °C (77 to 86 °F). Add Suaicient salt Nove 5), of either the anhydrous (Na,S0,) or the trystalline (Nay SO,-10H,0) form, to ensure not only satura- tion but also the presence of excess crystals when the solution 3 fe realy for use i the tess, Thoroughly site mixture daring the aldtion of th sland sire solution afequent intervals BE ‘led To se vapor a prevent contamination Keep the solton covered at ll times when access is not neetell Allow the solution to cool 21 = 1°C 00 = 2°F). ‘Again stir, and allow the solution to remain at the designated "P temperate far atleast 48 h before use. Prior to each use, break up the salt cake, if any, in the container, sti the solution thoroughly and determine the specific gravity of the solution ‘When used, the solution shall have a specific gravity not less g than 1.131 nor more tan 1.174, Discard a discolored solution, tr filter it and check for specifi: gravity & None $For he soluon, 215 of anyhow sof 700g ofthe detihyc per Hr of at are saci fr strain 22°C (71 san ecae dace hss mas we nox complety sc and vice Ri tein tn aces of ess pres te wef ot es han Sifatydoat sl or 150 go he decay rest pe ie of water Econmente 612 Magnesium Sufate Solution Prepare a saturated $0- luton of magnesium sulfate by dissolving. « USP o equal ade ofthe salt in water ata temperature of 25 t0 30°C (77 {5 86 °F). Add slicient salt (Note 6), of either the anhydrous (MeSO,) or the erstaline (MgS0,-7H,0) Epsom salt form, to ensoresatration and the presence of exocsserytals whea the solution is ready for use in the tess. Thoroughly si the micure during the addition of the sat ad sith solution a “ Eypeince with the tet metbod incts data grade of soda suite designated bythe tae as deed pond, which may be considered as approximly Safytow.is he west pases for ase. That rae ere economically valle thar the anya Toon, The desahee sedum site presents cfs in ompouatng the reine ston on acount of is ceing ee on he solution,ee SRR ERP ty A899 "YER ETES Wd SE OURE ENS Wea Sea tO ema yay “pememtonnee na SE re a Wovoqeunyar risoy runes, ly cesiceam - 18 frequent intervals until used. To reduce evaporation and prevent contamination, keep the solution covered at all times ‘when access is nat needed. Allow the solution to cool to 21 = 1°C (70 + 2 °F). Again str, and allow the solution to remain at the designated temperature for at least 48 h before use. Prior to cach use, break up the salt cake, if any, in the container, stir the solution thoroughly, and determine the specific gravity of the solution. When used, the solution shall have a specific gravity not less than 1.295 nor more than 1,308. Discard a discolored solution, or filter it and check for specific gravity. Nort 6—For the solution, 350 g of anhydrous sat or 1230 g of the hoptahydrate por lire of water are sufiient for saturation at 23 °C (73.4 "F), However, since these salts are aot completely stable, with the hydeous salt being the more stable of the two, and since it is desirable that an excess of erytals be present, its recommended thatthe hoptshydate salt be used and in an amount of not less than 1400 glitee of water 6.1.3 Barium Chloride Sotuion—Prepare 100 mL of 5% barium chloride solution by dissolving 5 g of BaCl, in 100 mL of distilled water. 7. Samples 7.1. The sample shall be obtained in general accordance with Practice D75/D75M and reduced to test portion size in accor- dance with Practice C702/C702M. 7.2 Fine Aggregate—Fine aggregate for the test shall be passed through a 9.5-mm (%-in.) sieve. The sample shall be of such size that it will yield not less than 100 g of each of the following sizes, which shall be available in amounts of 5 % or ‘more, expressed in terms of the following sieves: Passing Sieve Feiaines on Sieve 800 um (No. 20) {00 4m (No 5) 1-18 am No. 16) 1500 pm (No. 30) 2:35 mm (80.8) 18 mm (No. 16) £875 mm (NO. 8) 2:36 mm (80.8) 95am rain) 4875 mm (No.8) 73 Coarse Aggregate—Coarse aggregate for the test shall ‘consist of material from which the sizes finer than the 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve have been removed. The sample shall be of such size that it will yield the following amounts of the indicated sizes that are available in amounts of 5 % or more: Sie (Sqvare-Openng Sioves) ass, 9 25mm (in) to 75.mm No. 4) 20025 10.0 mm (ain) 95 mm (si) c00 +10 ‘Conseing 9 "25mm (sin) 109mm Pein) mated 3005 18.0:mm (in) 125mm (ain) ara er0=10 375 mm (1s 1) ©1900 em ein) 1500 250, ‘Consiing 0: 25 mm (Vin) 19.0. (ain) materi 00290 37'S {1 een) 0 260-nm (Vin) mati 1000 250 3.0m (isin) 375mm (1 sin) £5000 + 300 “Conasing 3 Sm (2) to 7 Sn (1 Yin) moi 2000 + 200 nm (2 Yes) fo SOs Gn) rater ‘000 + 300 Larger sites by nominal 12mm (en) spread in sove site, each acon Contig 75:em (Sin) t 63mm @ Yen) mati ‘7000 » 1000, o-mm (3h) fo 75mm (34) materi “ooo = 1000, 100s no D-ry ( asn) male 7000 1000 7.4 When an aggregate 10 be tested contains appreciable amounts of both fine and coarse material, having a grading Copyright by ASTM In (al ris reserve Downloaded by (pura o License Agreement No farther epestions authorize fn May 27 02 S2EDT2019 5 with more than 10 % by mass coarser than the 9.5-mm (i-in.) sieve and, also, more than 10 % by mass finer than the 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve, test separate samples of the minus 4.75-mm (No. 4) fraction and the plus 4.75-mm (No. 4) fraction in accordance with the procedures for fine aggregate and coarse aggregate, respectively. Report the results sepa- rately for the fine-aggregate fraction and the coarse-aggregate fraction, giving the percentages of the coarse- and fine-size fractions in the initial grading 8, Preparation of Test Sample 8.1 Fine Aggregate—Thoroughly wash the sample of fine aagaregate on a 300-pm (No. 50) sieve, dry to constant mass at 110 = 5.°C (230 + 9 °F), and separate into the diferent sizes by sioving, as follows: Make a rough separation ofthe graded sample by means of a nest of the standard sieves specified in g 72, From the fractions obtained in this manner, select samples E of suficent size to yiekd 100 g aftr sieving to refusal (In general, 2 110-g sample will be sufficient) Do not use fine Bf Aggregate sticking inthe meshes ofthe sieves in preparing the samples. Weigh samples consisting of 100 = 0.1 g ut of each 3 of the separated fractions after final sieving. and place in separate containers for the test. 8.2 Coarse Aggregate—Thoroughly wash and dry the & sample of coarse aggregate to constant mass at 110 = 5 °C % (230 = 9 °F) and separate it into the different sizes shown in 7.3 by sieving to refusal, Weigh out quantities ofthe different 3 sizes within the tolerances of 7.3 and, where the test portion 23 consists of two sizes, combine them to the designated total ‘ass, Record the mass of the test samples and their fractional components. In the case of sizes larger than 19.0 mm (% in), record the number of particles in the test samples v3: .L- 9. Procedure 9.1 Storage of Samples in Soltion—tmmerse the samples in FE the prepared solution of sodium sulfate or magnesium sulfate for not less than 16 h nor more than 18 h in such a manner that, the solution covers them to a depth of at feast 12.5 mm (¥2 in.) Be (Note 7). Cover the containers to reduce evaporation and prevent the accidental addition of extraneous substances ‘Maintain the samples immersed in the solution ata temperature of 21 = 1 °C (70 = 2 °F) for the immersion period. IIM-dd-1V>1 WALLUOS! Nore 7—Suitably weightod wire grids placed over the sample in the containers will permit this coverage to be achieved with very lightweight aggregates. 9.2 Drying Samples After Immersion—Afier the immersion period, remove the aggregate sample from the solution, permit, it to drain for 15 + 5 min, and place in the drying oven, The {temperature of the oven shall have been brought previously to 110 = 5 °C (230 + 9 °F). Dry the samples at the specified {femperature until constant mass has been achieved. Establish the time required to attain constant mass as follows: with the ‘ven containing the maximum sample load expected, check the ‘mass losses of test samples by removing and weighing them, ‘without cooling, at intervals of 2 to 4 h; make enough checks to establish required drying time for the least favorable oven location (see 5.6) and sample condition (Note 8). Constant ‘mass will be considered to have been achieved when loss i i 3 z i F z : : g 3 a g z 3 g é g gfly cesicssm - 18 less than 0.1 % of sample mass in 4 h of drying. After constant mass has been achieved, allow the samples to cool to room temperature, when they shall again be immersed in the pre pared solution as described in 9.1 Nore $—Drying time required to reach constant mass may vary considerably for several reasons. Efficiency of drying will be reduced a8 pels accumulate because of salt adhering o particles and, in some casts, beeause of increase in surface area dve to breakdown. The ifferent size Fractions of agarezate will have differing drying eates. The smaller sizes tend to ry more slowly because of thoi larger surface area and ‘estited interparticle voids, bat this tendency may be altered by the fess of container size and shape. 9.3 Number of Cycles—Repeat the process of alternate immersion and drying until the required number of cycles is, obtained. 9.4 After the completion of the final cycle and after the sample has cooled, wash the sample free from the sodium sulfate or magnesium sulfate as determined by the reaction of the wash water with barium chloride (BaCl,). Wash by circulating water at 43 + 6 °C (110 10 °F) through the samples in their containers. This may be done by placing them in a tank into which the hot water can be introduced near the bottom and allowed to overflow. In the washing operation, the ‘samples shall not be subjected to impact of abrasion that may tend to break up particles, Nor 9—Tap vater containing sulfates when used for the wash water will loud when fested withthe harium chloride Soltion The cloudiness ff a solution of tap water and the barium chloride solution should be judged 90 that tested wash water with the same degre of cloudiness can bbe assumed to be ree of sulfates from the test 10.1.1 After the sodium sulfate or magnesium sulfate has been removed, dry each fraction of the sample to constant mass at 110 = 5°C (230 * 10°F), Sieve the fine ageregate over the same sieve on which it was retained before the test, and sieve the coarse aggregate over the sieve shown below for the appropriate size of particle. For fine aggregate, the method and duration of sieving shall be the same as were used in preparing the test samples. For coarse aggregate, sieving shall be by hand, with agitation sufficient only to assure that all undersize ‘material passes the designated sieve. No extra manipulation shall be employed to break up particles or cause them to pass the sieves. Determine the mass of the material retained on each sieve and record each amount. The difference between each of these amounts and the initial mass ofthe fraction of the sample tested is the loss in the test and is to be expressed as a percentage of the initial mass for use in Table 1. Sieve Used 0 ‘Sie of Agoreuate Determine Lost +00 mm (in) 90 men (3 Yn) 75 mm (in) 80 rm (sin) to 78 mm (3). 3mm (2m) 275 rm (in) te 63 mm (2 In) sommien) 8 om (isin 9g7.8 mm (1 an) Sromm (tein) 1D !eM (a) 19mm (in) D9 mm Pein} 50mm (int 4.75 mm (ND. 4) 31s mm (rin) $000 rm (in) Bom bien) 40mm No.8) Qualitative Examination 1.1 Make a qualitative examination of test samples coarser than 19.0 mm (34 in.) as follows (Note 10): IL.L.1 Separate the particles of each test sample into groups according 0 the action produced by the test (Note 10). 10. Quantitative Examination 11.1.2. Record the number of particles showing each type of Itt as ts goat teu aloe (1 wa treacle gat a cst a rs eaeeatl fantasies eter ‘Original Sample, Fractions Designated ‘Mass an ree, ete, | late i, = ESTEE Ln : aoe aeya i ec = eee wgmnmuasenimcn i} Hae x ee egestas : neta ic a - ; ‘77 prcaagelons (12% ole ext mal lee ls used a the prcenage oss or ie aie, nce ha S20 cian ss than % of he ogra sample ws recive. geo 1238 "Stee sans or in accoance wth Sposcaon Ei ‘Copyrih by ASTM It (lightened Mon May 27021882 EDT 20194 Dove ated by { prsuant i License Agteeent, No futher epredutons autores. i Z 8 g 3 3 ky é 2 ATI MAGNO WHT:fy cesiceam - 18 TABLE 2 Suggested Form for Qualitative Examination (with llustrative Test Val ‘Guntaive Examination of Goat Ses eee ice Eig Dae aoa. ice Sutin acing Fang “aie Ne. * N. Ne % Ne eee een San SURES z 7 F 7 co om in 7S nm tint s © : ‘ ® “0 inden Gin) Nore 10—Many types of action may be expected, In general, they may be clasitid as disintegration, pliting, crumbling, cracking, Baking ee ‘While only particles larger than 19.0 min (in. in size ate required to be «examined qualitatively, itis recommended that examination ofthe smaller sizes be made in order to determine whether thee is any evidence of excessive spliting 12, Report 12.1 Report the following data (Note 11): 12.1.1 Record the mass of each fraction of each sample before test, 12.1.2 Material from each fraction of the sample finer than the sieve designated in 10.1.1 for sieving after test, expressed as a percentage of the original mass of the fraction, 12.1.3 Weighted average calculated in accordance with Test Method C136/C136M from the percentage of loss for each fraction, based on the grading of the sample as received for examination of, preferably, on the average grading of the ‘material from that portion of the supply of which the sample is representative except that 12.1.3.1 For fine aggregates (with less than 10 % coarser than the 9.5-mm (%-in.) sieve), assume sizes finer than the '300-pim (No. 50) sieve to have 0 %e loss and sizes coarser than smaller size for which test data are available. 12.1.3.2 For coarse aggregate (with less than 10% finer than the 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve), assume sizes finer than the 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve to have the same loss as the next larger size for which test data are available 12.1.3.3 For an aggregate containing appreciable amounts Of both fine and coarse material tested as two separate samples fas required in 7.4, compute the weighted average losses separately for the minus 4.75-mm (No. 4) and plus 4.75-mm (No. 4) fractions based on recomputed gradings considering the fine fraction as 100 % and the coarse fraction as 100 %. Report the results separately giving the percentage of the minus 4.75-mm (No. 4) and plus 4.75-mm (No, 4) material in the initial grading. 12.134 For the purpose of calculating the weighted average, consider any sizes in 7.2 or 7.3 that contain less than 5% of the sample to have the same loss as the average of the ‘Conyriht by ASTM In (al rights reserved: Mon My 27 2:18:52 EDT 2019. Dowload by () pursast to License Agreement No farther edition author ‘next smaller and the next larger size, or if one of these sizes is absent, to have the same loss as the next larger of next smaller size, whichever is present. 12.1.4 Report the weighted percentage loss to the nearest whole number, 12.1.5 In the case of particles coarser than 19.0 mm (% in.) before test: (7) The number of particles in each fraction before test, and (2) the number of particles affected, classified as to number disintegrating, splitting, crumbling, cracking, flaking, cte,, a8 shown in Table 2, and 12.1.6 Kind of solution (sodium or magnesium sulfate) and whether the solution was freshly prepared or previously used. Nove I1-—Table 1, shown with txt values insered for purpose of iustatio, is a suggested form for rcording test data, The fest values ‘shown might be appropriate for either sal, depending onthe quality of the ageregate 13. Precision 13.1 Precision—For coarse aggregate with weighted aver- ‘age sulfate soundness losses in the ranges of 6 10 16% for sodium and 9 to 20 % for magnesium, the precision indexes are * as follows: ‘TWANTY-VOL-NVAD0 VLNAd Yun ‘coelet of Vataton (899.04 Dierence Between Two Toss (023 5), ‘of soorage”| ‘mataboratone Magnesiam suite Ps 71 Single Operator ‘Socom alate a « agnosia ete cn n ‘These sumer represent, respective, he (1S) and (025%) tints as escred in Practe C270. 13.2 Bias—Since there is no accepted reference material suitable for determining the bias for this procedure, no state- ‘ment on bias is being made. WNLLUOSNOD WIIM-dd = IevoneWAIUT WLLSy Isuas YeMed Ip NSB YeIO IeNgIp JU! AdoD "YSN /EZPET Vd ‘U»POYOYSUOD 3S9M ‘OALIG ANOqUeH JWG DOT TEUOREWIOWT WISV exdD HEH, 14. Keywords 14.1 aggregates; magnesium sulfate; sodium sulfate; sound~ ness; weatheringly cesicssm - 18 SUMMARY OF CHANGES ‘Committee CO9 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (C8-13) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Aug. 1, 2018.) (1) Designation changed from single to dual units. (3) Table 1 revised, (2) Values changed to SI (Inch-Pound) throughout. (4) Added Section 3 on Terminology. ASTI Intemational akes no poston respsctng the val of any patent right asserted n connacton wit any Rem mentioned (ne standara User of mis stand are exressy sais at detrranason othe val ary Such pate its, ad Oe sk of intingemert of such rhs are ently thelr own responsibly, ‘Thi standard i ubiec rosin a any me by he respensbie tenes commie and must be reviewed every ve years and ‘retrace etre reapprovedor wean. Your cones are mie eer for reson o ns standard ofr adatonal tans ‘ana should be accessod te ASTM nlrational Headauais. Your conmonts wil receve cart considerefon st a meeting of he ‘sponse tecnica! connie, which you may an. you lal hat your earments havent ealved a far hoaing yeu shouts ‘ate your vans known tothe ASTIN Conmite on Standard. the arose shown baw ‘This standarsis copyrighted by ASTM Iniratonal, 100 Bar Harbor Orv, PO Box C700, West Constonocken PA 18428-2958, nied Stats. aval rprhis (sole or mute copes) of is standard may be obtained by conactng ASTM ath abore acuress 07 at 610-852-9568 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fay), oF servce@asin.og (eral) 0” through the ASTM websie lirme astm ag) Person histo photocoy the stander may also be secured om the Copyigh Clearance Caner, 222 ‘Resoweod Drive, Danvers, MA 0182, Ta (078) 6462600; hi/wmrucopyignicar! Copia by ASTM In (al rights reserved Mon May 27 02:18:52 EDT 2019 Downloade by (pursuant License Agreement. No farther repredusions autora. WALLYOSNOD VHIM-dd-IVINTY-VOL-NV390 WLN3d YUN