MINI PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by
GROUP 3

To

The department of technical education government of Kerala

In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award
Of
The Diploma in Civil Engineering

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

MA’DIN POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
MELMURI P.O, MALAPPURAM
February 2020

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 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the bonafide record of ‘MINI PROJECT’ done by ‘GROUP 3’
fourth semester students of civil engineering class in partial fulfilment of the requirement
for the award of the Diploma in Civil Engineering under the department of technical
education, Government of Kerala during the year 2019-2020 under my guidance at Ma’din
Polytechnic college.

Camp officer Head of Department

Internal Examiner External Examiner

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 MEMBERS OF GROUP NO: 3

1-MOHAMMED IRFAN.N : 18011617

2-MOHAMMED JUNAIDH.K : 18011618

3-MOHAMMED SHAHEEN.P : 18011619

4-MOHAMMED SHEFIL .K : 18011620

5-MRIDUL.PS : 18011621

6-MUBARAK.AP : 18011622

7-MUHAMMED AFSAL.P : 18011624

8-MUHAMMED AJMAL.KK : 18011625

9-MUHAMMED FAHIZ.KK : 18011626

10-MUHAMMED SAFVAN.C : 18011627

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 PART II

DIFFERENT FORMS OF STRUCTURAL

STEEL

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 1. INTRODUCTION

Steel sections are available in various forms for use in Steel Construction.
Shapes, sizes and properties of these rolled steel sections are discussed here.
Steel is one of the important building materials in construction industry. It can
be used in many ways for many purposes.

Different steel members are manufactured in the factories based their usage.
Rolled steel sections are casted in continuous casting moulds without any joints.
Different shapes or forms of rolled steel sections are explained below.

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 2. VARIOUS FORMS OF STEEL SECTIONS ARE AS
FOLLOWS

1. Angle sections
2. Channel sections
3. I-sections
4. Round bars
5. Square bars
6. Flat bars
7. Sheets
8. Hexagon
9. Rebar
10.Rectangular Tubing
11.Square Tubing
12.Circular Tubing

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 2.1. ANGLE SECTION
Angle sections are manufactured in “L” shape. It contains two legs. Some angle
sections contains legs with similar dimensions are called as equal angle sections and some
contains different legs are called as unequal angle sections. Angle sections are widely
used for roof truss constructions and for filler joist floors.

(fig.2.1)

Equal angle sections are available from 20 mm x 20 mm x 3 mm to 200 mm x 200mm x 25

mm with their corresponding weights as 9 N and 736 N per meter length respectively.

Unequal angle sections are available from 30 mm x 20 mm x 3 mm to 200mm x 150mm x

18mm with 11 and 469 N per meter length weight respectively.

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 2.2. CHANNEL SECTION
The channel section or C- section consists two equal flanges connected to web at both
ends. Channel sections are extensively used in steel framed structures .They are available in
various sizes ranging from 100 mm x 45 mm to 400mm x 100 mm. Corresponding unit
weights are 58 N and 494 N per meter length respectively.

(fig 2.2)

2.3. I-SECTION
I sections which are also called as steel beams or rolled steel joist are extensively used
as beams, lintels, columns etc. It consists two flanges and a web connected as shown in
figure These are available in various sizes ranges from 75 mm x 50 mm at 61 N per meter
length to 600 mm x 210 mm at 995 N per meter length.

(fig 2.3)

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2.4. ROUND BAR
Round bars contain circular cross sections and these are used as reinforcement in
concrete and steel grill work etc. Round bars are available in various diameters varies from 5
mm to 250 mm.

(fig 2.4)

2.4. SQUARE BAR

Square bars contain square cross sections and these are widely used for gates, windows,
grill works etc. the sides of square cross section ranges from 5 mm to 250 mm.

(fig 2.5)

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2.6. FLAT BAR
Flat bars are also used for gates, windows, grill works etc. Flat bars are designated with
width of the bar which varies from 10 mm to 400 mm. thickness of flat bars will be from 3
mm to 40 mm.

(fig 2.6)

2.7. SHEET
Plain steel sheets are passed through machines which produce bends by pressing them
called corrugations. These sheets are used for roof coverings.

(fig 2.7)

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2.8. HEXAGON

Hexagon Bars is rolled steel manufactured goods by means of having close

dimensional precision, increased mechanical features and machinability, along with smooth

surface finish properties.

(fig 2.8)

2.9. REBAR

Rebar bars are made of high yield strength steel. Ribs are nothing but projections

produced on bars by cold twisting of bar in hot rolled condition. The twist is made according

the standard requirements.

Rebar are important innovation of steel and they are extensively used as main reinforcement
materials in all concrete works like bridges, buildings, precast concrete works, foundations,

roads etc..

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 (fig 2.9)

They are available in many sizes varying from 6 mm to 50 mm diameter. The reason why
these are more famous than any other bars is because of following advantages:

 Rebar can be bend up to 180o without any cracks.

 High strength and durable.

 30 to 40% of cost reduced when compared to other round bars.

 Suitable for any type of concrete work.

 Excellent bonding properties with concrete.

 Rebar can be welded using electronic flash butt welding or arc welding.

2.10. RECTANGULAR TUBING

 Rectangular tubes are formed from coils and then ran through a series of dies.

They are welded from the inside to form their shape. ... Rectangular Tube is commonly

available in Aluminium, Stainless Steel, Hot Rolled Steel and Cold Rolled Steel

(fig 2.10)

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2.11. SQUARE TUBING

Square tubes are formed from coils and then ran through a series of dies. They are

welded from the inside to form their shape. Square tubes are generally used for maintenance

and structural purposes. ... Square Tube is commonly available in Aluminium, Stainless Steel,

Hot Rolled Steel and Cold Rolled Steel.

(fiq 2.11)

2.12. CIRCULAR TUBING

Round tubes are round, cylindrical shapes that are hollow. Round tubes have a wide

variety of structural and architectural applications. Unlike pipes, tubes are measured by their

outside diameter and their wall thickness. Some examples of tube applications would be

automotive parts, railings and patio furniture

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 (fig 2.12)

3. OUR MODEL OF STRUCTURAL FORMS OF STEEL

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4. CONCLUTION

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