ADVERBIAL CLAUSES OF CONCESSION

MỆNH ĐỀ TRẠNG TỪ CHỈ SỰ NHƯỢNG BỘ

1.    (Al)though / even though
Liên từ “Although”, “Though” và “Even though” có nghĩa là “mặc dù, dù cho, cho dù” được
dùng để nối hai mệnh đề tương phản nhau. “Although”, “though” và “even though” có thể được
dùng ở đầu câu hay ở đầu một mệnh đề. Mệnh đề bắt đầu bởi “although”, “though” và “even
though” được gọi là mệnh trạng ngữ chỉ sự nhượng bộ.

S + V    although / (even) though + S + V.

Although / (Even) Though + S + V, S + V.
Ví dụ:
-      Although he has a physical handicap, he has become a successful businessman.
-      I arrived on time although the traffic was heavy.
-      We had a picnic though the weather was bad.
-      I couldn’t sleep even though I was very tired.
*     Lưu ý:
-      Trong văn nói có thể dùng “though” ở cuối câu, nhưng “although” thì không.
Ví dụ:  I asked her, (but) she didn’t come, though.
-      “Though” thường được dùng trong văn nói hơn là văn viết.
-      “Even though” là hình thức nhấn mạnh của “although”.
2.    In spite of / Despite
“In spite of” và “despite” là các giới từ chỉ sự nhượng bộ có thể được dùng để chuyển đổi cho
nhau. Chúng có nghĩa như “although” và “(even) though”, tuy nhiên theo sau “in spite of” và
“despite” luôn dùng danh từ hoặc động danh từ.

S + V   + in spite of / despite + NP / Gerund.

In spite of / Despite + NP / Gerund, S + V.
Ví dụ:
-      In spite of / Despite his physical handicap, he has become a successful businessman.
-      I arrived on time in spite of / despite the heavy traffic.
-      We had a picnic in spite of / despite the bad weather.
-      I couldn’t sleep in spite of / despite being tired.
*     Lưu ý:
-      Sau “in spite of” hay “despite”, chúng ta có thể dùng đại từ this, that hoặc what.
       Ví dụ:
       She felt sick, but in spite of / despite this she went to work.
       In spite of / Despite what I said yesterday, I still love you.
-      Chúng ta cũng có thể nói “in spite of the fact (that)” hay “despite the fact (that)”.
       Ví dụ:
       I didn’t get the job in spite of the fact (that) / despite the fact (that) I was extremely
qualified.

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Rewrite the sentences with the word given.
1.  Although he has a very important job, he isn’t particularly well-paid.
=>In spite of ..................................................................................................................................................................................
2. Although I had never seen her before, I recognized her from a photograph.
=> Despite ......................................................................................................................................................................................
3. She wasn’t wearing the coat although it was quite cold.
=>In spite of ..................................................................................................................................................................................
4. We thought we’d better invite them to the party although we don’t like them very much.
=> Despite ......................................................................................................................................................................................
5. Although I didn’t speak the language, I managed to make myself understand.
=>In spite of ..................................................................................................................................................................................
6. Although the heat was on, the room wasn’t warm.
=> Despite ......................................................................................................................................................................................
7. I didn’t recognize her although I’d met her twice before.
=>In spite of ..................................................................................................................................................................................
8. We’re not very good friends although we’ve known each other a long time.
=> Despite ......................................................................................................................................................................................
9. Although Minh was ill, he still came to the meeting.
=>In spite of ..................................................................................................................................................................................
10. Although he promised that he wouldn’t be late, he didn’t arrive until 9 o’clock.
=> Despite ......................................................................................................................................................................................
11. Although the salary was low, he accepted the job.
=> Despite ......................................................................................................................................................................................
12. In spite of their quarrel, they remain the best of friends.
=> Though ......................................................................................................................................................................................
13. In spite of the bad weather, they went out for dinner.
=> Although ..................................................................................................................................................................................
14. In spite of his age, he still leads an active life.
=> Even though ...........................................................................................................................................................................
15. In spite of his hard work, Ba he failed his exam.
=> Though ......................................................................................................................................................................................
16. In spite of the heavy rain, we decided to go to see the match.
=> Although ..................................................................................................................................................................................
17. Although they lost, the home team played very well.
=> Despite ......................................................................................................................................................................................
18. Even though it was raining, I still went to school on time.
=>In spite of ..................................................................................................................................................................................

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19. Although she isn’t brilliant, she studies quite well.
=> Despite ......................................................................................................................................................................................
20. She isn’t brilliant but she studies quite well.
=> Although ..................................................................................................................................................................................
21. The house isn’t nice, but I like the garden.
=> Even though ...........................................................................................................................................................................
22. It was raining, but we went out.
=> Though ......................................................................................................................................................................................
23. Everyone likes Bob even though he talkative.
=> Even though ...........................................................................................................................................................................
24. Though I had an umbrella, I got very wet in the rain.
=> Though ......................................................................................................................................................................................
25. We enjoyed the vacation although it rained a lot.
=> In spite of ................................................................................................................................................................................
26. Although she doesn’t earn much money, she spends like a millionaire.
=> Despite ......................................................................................................................................................................................
27. Tom will not pass the examination although he studies well.
=> In spite of ................................................................................................................................................................................
28. He is still fat though he has been on a diet for 2 years.
=> In spite of ................................................................................................................................................................................
29. Although his English was good, he wasn’t chosen.

=>However...................................................................................................................................
30. Although Judy was severely disabled, she participated in many sports.
=>
Despite.........................................................................................................................................
31. It doesn’t matter how hard she tries, she never beat Sue at tennis.
=>
However.......................................................................................................................................
32. No matter what he says, nobody believes him.
=>
Whatever......................................................................................................................................
33. He always woke up early no matter how late he had gone to bed.
=>
However.......................................................................................................................................
34. Melissa’s father was very busy, but he still played with her.
=>
Busy.............................................................................................................................................
35. She didn’t eat much though she was hungry.

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=>In spite of ..................................................................................................................................................................................
36. Although he had much experience in machinery, he didn’t succeed in repairing this
machine.
=> Despite ......................................................................................................................................................................................
37. We did the test well though it was difficult.
=>In spite of ..................................................................................................................................................................................
38. Although he is strong, I’m not afraid of him.
=> Despite ......................................................................................................................................................................................