Factors associated with fetal demise in fetal echogenic bowel.

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Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2001 Nov;185(5):1039-43.

Factors associated with fetal demise in fetal echogenic bowel.

Al-Kouatly HB1, Chasen ST, Karam AK, Ahner R, Chervenak FA.

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Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine risk factors associated with intrauterine
fetal demise in fetuses with unexplained echogenic bowel that is diagnosed in the second trimester.
STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective case-control study compared fetuses with echogenic bowel and
fetal demise with fetuses with echogenic bowel who were live born. Fetuses affected with cystic
fibrosis, aneuploidy, or congenital infection and fetuses diagnosed with major anomalies were
excluded. Variables examined in the determination of risk factors for intrauterine fetal demise
included intrauterine growth restriction, oligohydramnios, elevated maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein
levels, and elevated maternal serum beta-hCG levels. Statistical analysis was performed with the
Fisher exact test, Student t test, and logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS: One hundred fifty-six fetuses met the inclusion criteria. There were 9 cases of
intrauterine fetal demise and 147 live born control fetuses. The median gestational age of
intrauterine fetal demise was 22.0 weeks (range, 17-39 weeks). Intrauterine growth restriction
occurred more frequently in cases of intrauterine fetal demise than in live born infants (22.2% vs
0.7%; P =.009), as did oligohydramnios (44.4% vs 2.0%; P <.001) and elevated maternal serum
alpha-fetoprotein levels (80.0% vs 7.7%; P: =.001). With the use of logistic regression analysis,
elevated maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein was the strongest independent risk factor that was
associated with intrauterine fetal demise (odds ratio, 39.48; 95% CI, 11.04%-141.25%).
CONCLUSION: In our series, there was a 5.8% incidence of intrauterine fetal demise in fetuses
with unexplained echogenic bowel. Elevated maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein is the strongest
predictor of fetal demise in fetal echogenic bowel.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11717629 Page 1 of 2
Factors associated with fetal demise in fetal echogenic bowel. - PubMed - NCBI 3/6/20, 10:56 AM

PMID: 11717629 DOI: 10.1067/mob.2001.117641

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