American

period
The
Malolos
Republic
• May 20, 1898 : Return of Emilio
Aguinaldo from Hongkong
• Dictatorial Government
• Recommendation of Consul Wildman
• Declaration of Independence
• June 12, 1898 at Kawit, Cavite
• First time the Philippine National Flag
was hoisted
• Revolutionary Government
• Dictatorial Government ended June
28, 1898
• September 15 at the Basilica of Barasoain
• Malolos Constitution
• Basic law of the first Philippine Republic
• First important Filipino document ever
• Promulgated on January 21, 1899
• The Philippine Republic
• Inaugurated on January 23, 1899
• Diplomatic Activities
• Hongkong Junta

The
Malolos
Republic
 Treaty
of
paris
• Discussion of final peace terms
between Spain & United States
• Signed on December 10, 1898
• Spain surrendered the Philippines
to the United States for
$20,000,000
• Unfair for the Filipinos
The filipino-
American
hostilities
• Benevolent Assimilation
• December 21 - Proclamation
• 3 Vested Interests
• Economic
• Military and Naval
• Religious
• January 4 - General Elwell Otis
published McKinley’s Proclamation
• January 5 - Aguinaldo issued a
counter - proclamation
The filipino-
American
hostilities
• Fall of Mabini
• Capture
• Mabiniofwas
Aguinaldo
the most powerful man
• Captured in Palatan by Funston and
behind Aguinaldo
• another
Policy ofcompanion
the American Government
Brought to the
• extending Manila and tookover
sovereignty oaththe
of
allegiance
Philippines
• Later issued
• Assassination an appeal saying
of Luna
• Filipinos
Antonio Luna should accept withthe
- Filipino soldier an
sovereignty
unruly temper of the US
• Assassinated by men from the Kawit
Company, getting at least 40 wounds
Continuing
resistance
• The Katipunan Inertia
• Bonifacio’s initiated struggle for
independence continued to sustain
• General Miguel Malvar
• General Vicente Lukban
• Macario Sakay
1. In Luzon
2. In Bicol
3. In Visayas
4. In Mindanao
• 1899-1913 Involvement During the
Military Phase
• The Schuman Commission - non-military
approach of American colonialism
• Central Government
• Composed of top executive,
legislative and judicial positions
• Members were Filipino elites
• Filipino Elites
• Readiness to accept colonialism

Compromise
With
colonialism
• The Cultural Communities
• Opened the path to an understanding
of American benevolent policy
through schools, religious missions
and medical work
• In Mindanao
• Make the local leaders promote the
need for social services
• Building of schools
• Treaty Traps
• August 20, 1899 - Bates Treaty
• Uphold mutual respect between
the US and the Sultanate of Sulu
to respect Moro Autonomy

Compromise
With
colonialism
commonwealth
• The Framing of the Constitution
• July 10, 1934 - constitutional
convention
• July 30, 1934 - Claro M. Recto was
elected convention president
• February 8, 1935 - new
constitution was approved
• March 23, 1935 - US President
Franklin Roosevelt signed the
constitution
• May 4, 1935 - ratified by the
Filipinos
• Served the Commonwealth of
the Philippines and the post-war
• US may intervene in the
Commonwealth
commonwealth
• National Security and National
Defense
• Commonwealth Act No. 1, also
known as the National Defense Act
of 1935, established the Philippine
Army & defense policy
• The Social Justice Program
• Manuel L. Quezon
• Social Justice Program - executive
measure & legislation from the
National Assembly
• Court of Industrial Relations
• Minimum Wage Law
• Public Defender
• Commonwealth Act No. 20
• Cooperative System of Agriculture
commonwealth
• The National Language
• Commonwealth Act No. 184
• “Establish a national language
institute and define its powers and
duties”
• National Language Institute
• Executive Order No. 134 s. 1937 -
national language will be based on
Tagalog
• Trade Relations with the United
States
A. Payne-Aldrich Act (1990)
B. Underwood-Simmons Act (1913)
C. Tydings-Mcduffie Law (1934)
Results of
American
occupation
• Progress in Education
• Public Health and Welfare
• Trade, Commerce and Industry
• Transportation and Communication
• Individual Freedoms
• Political Consciousness
• Language and Literature
• Economic Progress