INTRODUCTION TO

THE ELEMENTS OF DESIGN

Sasi Kumar G.
Scientist/Engineer ‘E’
NIELIT, Aurangabad
ELEMENTS OF DESIGN

 Point (mark)
 Line

 Form, shape and space

 Movement

 Color

 Pattern

 Texture
POINT (MARK)

 A point or mark is the smallest basic element. It

can vary in size, value, regularity or irregularity,
and can be used as a unit in a group.

 Marks can be used to form a value or pattern or

to delineate space
LINE

 A mark drawn with a pointed, moving tool

 Lines have different
 Lengths,

 Widths,

 Textures,

 Directions,

 Degree of curve
LINE
 Line Direction: The direction
of a line can convey mood.

 Horizontal lines are calm and

quiet,

 vertical lines suggest more of a

potential for movement,

 while diagonal lines strongly

suggest movement and give
more of a feeling of vitality to a
picture.
 VERTICAL LINES
 Vertical lines bring height
into a room. A Living room
should always give the
feeling of height. Also
when entering a house
guest will feel the
welcoming from the space
and will make their eyes
wonder. The tall lamp,
shades, shelving, and tree
brings this element into
action.
 HORIZONTAL LINE
 Horizontal lines brings length into a room and that is always
very lovely to be associated with a kitchen. Making it look
big and costly is a wonderful element that is nice to show off
to company. The long counter brings this element into the
room.
DIAGONAL LINES
 Having slanted or oblique lines or markings makes a room
have excitement and movement in it. Ally being a young girl
has that energy and excitement in her life and this would fit
her perfectly. This element is shown in the shelves and pillow
designs by the window.
CONTOUR AND GESTURE

 Lines used to follow the

edges of forms are
called contour drawings

 Drawings which seem to

depict more movement
than actual outline are
called gesture drawings.
 CURVED LINES
 This element works quite
fun in playrooms. It brings
in life and energy to the
room. Ally and your new
coming baby Elmo would
enjoy the creativity in this
room along with the design
on the floor and walls. You
and your children will
share smiles together in this
wonderful play room.
LINE AS VALUE

 Lines or crosshatching can

also be used to create areas
of grey inside a drawing.
These areas of darker
shading inside a figure,
called areas of value, can
give a more three-
dimensional feeling to an
object.
COLOUR

 Colour is an element of design that is derived

from reflected light
 Colour has three properties:
 Hue (name of the colour)
 Value

 Intensity
PROPERTIES OF COLOUR

 Hue: the name of colour, The primary hue are

red, yellow, and green (RGB)
 Value: The lightness or darkness of an object

 Intensity: The brightness and dullness of a

colour (purity of hue also known as Chroma).
SMOOTH AND SHINY
 This element fits in well with all
guest bathrooms. Shiny and
smooth looks gives great
impressions on your nicely kept
bathroom. It also brightens up
things and simply just makes it
look gorgeous. When a bathroom
is looking it’s best it complements
not just it’s self but you too !
PROPORTION
Proportion is a very important element. In this study room everything is
equal to each other. The chair, bed, and table are all in proportional height.
Also the shades are proportional to the window/door This room is to relax in,
sit down with a good book and just get away from the busy world. This would
be a nice room for Mrs. Livingston.
 BALANCE
 Balance is a great sense of style in
bedrooms because it brings
calmness and completeness into a
room. Also bedrooms are to relax
and balance brings that sense of
relaxation to you. Mr. and Mrs.
Livingston need a place to relax after
long busy days and this would just
be perfect for them.
RHYTHM
Rhythm is a cute element
in a bath. Bringing one
design in full action. The
repeated same colors of
blue and white give
rhythm into this
bathroom. It’s also very
nice for a bathroom up
stairs for Mr. and Mrs.
Livingston while still able
for Ally to use and like.
EMPHASIS
Emphasis is most important
in a living room, bringing
your attention directly right
to the fire place. This
element is most caused by
the mantel and the
decorative pieces above
that. Also this room bring a
cozy welcoming family feel.
VALUE

 It is the element of design that refers to

lightness or darkness.
SHAPE
 Two dimensional area that is defined as an area that stands
from the space next to or around it due to a defined or implied
boundary, or because of differences of value, colour, or texture.

 A shape is formed when a line encloses an area.

 Shape has only height and width (2D and can be geometric or
free-form) .
FORM

 Form is the element of design that includes

objects that have three dimensions (volumes
and mass).

 Form has height, width, and depth.

SPACE

 Space is a 3D volume that can be empty or

filled with objects. It has width, height, and
depth.
 Shapes are defines by space around and within
them.
 Space that appears three dimensional in 2D
paintings is an illusion that creates a feeling of
actual depth.
TEXTURE

 Texture is the element of design that refers to

how things feel, or look as if they might feel if
touched.
 Texture can be hard, soft, rough, smooth,
slippery, sticky, scratchy.
MOVEMENT

 The way artist leads the eye in, around, and

through a composition.
 The path the eye follows
 Motion or movement in a visual image occurs
when objects seem to be moving in a visual image.
 Movements in a visual image comes from the
kinds of shapes, forms, lines, and curves that are
used.
YOUR ANIMATION

 Should have all the elements of design: line,

colour, properties of colour, texture value,
space, shape and form, with the addition of
appropriate font types.