Figure 6.

2 Space Truss
Steel members subjected to axial forces are generally more efficient than members in flexure
since the cross section is uniformly stressed. Trusses frequently consist of axially loaded
members, thus are very efficient in resisting these loads. They are extensively used, especially
to span large gaps. Usually trusses are adopted in roofs of single storey industrial buildings,
long span floors, to resist gravity loads. Trusses are also used in long span bridges to carry
gravity loads and lateral loads.
6.2 Components parts of roof truss:
Below given are the important component parts of industrial roof truss. (figure 6.3)
a) Principal Rafter (PR) - It is the top chord member of truss subjected to only
compressive force due to gravity load if the purlins are supported at nodes. If the
purlins are intermediate of nodes then the PR will be subjected to bending moment.
b) Principal Tie (PT) – The lower chord of truss is known as principal tie and carries only
tension due to gravity loads.
c) Strut – The members of roof truss other than PR and PT subjected to compressive force
are termed as strut.
d) Sling - The members of roof truss other than PR and PT subjected to tensile force are
termed as sling.
e) Purlin- These are the flexural members carrying the roof and roof covering loads and
distributing it over truss members.
f) Bracings- The member of truss which makes it stable for accidental loads, out of plane
loads or lateral loads is termed as bracing system.

Strut

P. Tie

Figure 6.3 Components of truss

6.3 Types of roof trusses:
Depending upon the span of truss, requirements of elegance, depending upon demands of
particular building and the ventilation requirements the types of roof trusses are classified as
below(figure 6.3)-
a) Pratt truss-
b) Howe truss-
c) Fink truss-
d) Fan truss-
e) Fink fan truss-
f) Mansard truss-

( Figure 6.3) - Types of trusses.