Civil Engineering November 2020 Review Innovations Strength of Materials 2

Problem 1. Cylindrical Pressure Vessel Problem 4. CE Board May 2010

A wire 4 meters long is stretched horizontally Tangential Stress (also known as hoop stress or A 12 mm thick steel tire has a width of 110 mm
between points 4 meters apart. The wire is 25 mm2 circumferential stress): and has an internal diameter of 800 mm. The tire
in cross-section with a modulus of elasticity of 𝑝𝐷 is heated and shrunk to a steel wheel 800.5 mm in
200,000 MPa. A load W placed at the center of the 𝜎 = diameter. The modulus of elasticity E = 200 MPa.
2𝑡
wire produces a sag Δ.
Longitudinal Stress (also known as axial stress or 1. Determine the tensile stress in the tire.
1. Find the tension in the wire if sag Δ is 30 mm. girth stress): 2. Determine the compressive pressure between
2. What is the magnitude of the load W if sag Δ is 𝑝𝐷 the tire and the wheel.
54.3 mm? 𝜎 =
4𝑡 3. Determine the thickness of the tire to resist a
3. If W is 60 N, what is the sag? pressure of 1.5 MPa if it has an allowable stress
Spherical Pressure Vessel of 124 MPa.

Problem 2. (stress always tangential stress)

𝑝𝐷
A column ABCD supports several loads as 𝜎=
shown. Segment AB is 3m 4𝑡
50 kN
long with a cross-sectional
area of 8,000 mm2, segment 100 kN 100 kN Problem 3.
BC is 2m long with an area A
A liquid storage tank consists of a vertical axis
of 2,000 mm2 while segment
circular cylindrical shell closed at its lower end by
CD is 4m long with an area 85 kN B 85 kN a hemispherical shell as shown in the figure. The
of 12,000 mm2. The
weight of the system is carried by a ring-like
modulus of elasticity is 20
200 kN C 200 kN support at the top and the lower extremity is
GPa.
unsupported. A liquid of specific weight of 9
1. Determine the axial kN/m3 entirely fills the container. Consider H = 9
stress in segment AB. m, R = 2.4 m and plate thickness of 2 mm.
D
2. Calculate the axial strain 1. Find the peak stress in the hemispherical region.
in segment BC.
2. Calculate the peak circumferential stress in the
3. Find the total axial deformation of the column. cylindrical region.
3. Determine the peak meridional stress
(longitudinal stress) in the cylindrical region.

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Civil Engineering November 2020 Review Innovations Strength of Materials 2

FOR PRACTICE:
Problem 5.
A hollow steel tube with an inside diameter of
100mm must carry a tensile load of 400 kN.
Determine the outside diameter of the tube if the
stress is limited to 120 MN/m2.
Ans: 119.35 mm
Problem 6.
An aluminum rod is rigidly attached between a
steel rod and a bronze rod as shown in Fig. STR- Fig. STR-109
108. Axial loads are applied at the positions
indicated. Find the maximum value of P that will
not exceed a stress in steel of 140 MPa, in aluminum Problem 8. CE Board November 1992
of 90 MPa, or in bronze of 100 MPa
A thin walled cylindrical shell has an external
Ans: 10 kN
diameter of 1.75 meters and is fabricated from
plates 20 mm thick. Calculate the safe pressure in
the shell if the tensile strength of the plate is 400
N/mm2 and the factor of safety is 6.
Ans: 1.56 MPa

Fig. STR-108

Problem 7:
Determine the largest weight W that can be
supported by two wires shown in Fig. STR-109. The
stress in either wire is not to exceed 207 MPa. The
cross-sectional areas of wires AB and AC are 258
mm2 and 320 mm2, respectively.
Ans: 75 kN

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