Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chapter Two
Chapter Two
1/29/2020 1
CHAPTER TWO OUTTLINE
o Concept of plant location
economical conditions.
2. Circumstances for plant location decision
Four situations require an answer to the question of
plant locations:
political factors
3. Mistakes in location decision Cause
o Higher investment
o Higher cost of production,
o Difficult marketing and transportation
o Dissatisfied and frustrated employees
and consumer
o Frequent interruption production
o Abnormal wastages
o Delays and substandard quality etc
4. Location Planning
o Before a location for a plant is sought, long-range forecasts
should be made anticipating the future needs of the company.
o These should be based on the
Company’s expansion policy,
The anticipated diversification of products,
The changing market,
The changing source of raw materials, and any other
foreseeable influences.
o Careful attention should be given to all the economic factors
that influence the need for the new plant and the size and
location of the plant.
4. Location Planning cont...
o Seven basic steps in locating and building every new plant:
1. Establish the need for a new plant.
2. Determine the best geographical area for the plant on the
basis of the company’s business needs.
3. Establish the requirements
o Product to be made,
o Equipment and Buildings needed,
o Utilities necessary
oTransportation necessary,
o Number of employees, and etc.
4. Location Planning cont...
o Seven basic steps in locating and building every new plant
cont..
2) Proximity to markets
o The cost of transporting finished goods, advertising
b) Preferential Factor:
o Usually involves personal preferences
o It is not professional approach and is not good business
decision making.
C) Dominant Factor
available.
2) Qualitative techniques
1) Break-Even Analysis
and revenues.
cost
a. Fixed costs are the same regardless of volume of out
put.
3) Transportation Model
Skilled labour 7 2 14 3 21 0 0 1 7 4 28
A motorway 7 3 21 2 14 1 7 3 21 4 28
An airport 4 1 4 3 12 4 16 2 8 2 8
Housing 5 4 20 3 15 0 0 3 15 4 20
Amenities 5 3 15 2 10 0 0 2 10 3 15
Availability of grants/incentives 8 1 8 2 16 5 40 1 8 3 24
Safety 2 3 6 2 4 5 10 2 4 2 4
Planning constraints 5 2 10 3 15 5 25 4 20 2 10
Environmental impact 4 3 12 2 8 4 16 1 4 2 8
L o c a tio n F ix e d V a r ia b le
C ost C ost
A $ 2 5 0 ,0 0 0 $11
B 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 30
C 1 5 0 ,0 0 0 20
D 2 0 0 ,0 0 0 35
8-32
Example 1: Solution
8-33
Example 1: Solution
$(000)
800 D
700
600 B
500 C
400 A
300 A Superior
200 C Superior
100 B Superior
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
8-34
Plant lay out and material handling
(R.B Choudary)
1) Determination of total cost/unit Page #11
2) Example 1.2 Page #12
3) Fig 1.2 page #16
4) Table 1.2 & table 1.3 page#20,21
5) Example 1.3 # page 21
1/29/2020 36