OVERVIEW OF AGRICULTURE INDUSTRY

AGRICULTURE AS AN INDUSTRY

Agriculture is an industry. It provides economic growth to many areas of a community.

Agriculture processes a raw material, and these raw goods are then manufactured. It is a diverse
industry making it a great employment avenue. Some areas of the industry are: Farming,
equipment sales, equipment repairs, seed manufacturing, breeding agronomy, retail sales,
trucking, storage, fertilizer manufacturing and distributing, processing of byproducts, direct sales
to food markets, transportation.

Philippines-Agricultural Sectors Overview

The United States continues to be the Philippines' largest supplier of agricultural products
and is the 10th largest global market for U.S. exports with sales reaching $2.6 billion in 2017.
The top five exports of U.S. agricultural products in 2017 by value were soybeans & soybean
meal (US$840 million); wheat (US$565 million); dairy products (US$243 million); meat
products (US$168 million); and prepared food (US$92 million). Due to steady growth in the
economy and strong consumer spending, traders are optimistic export sales in 2018 will increase
four percent to $2,7 billion.

Growth of Consumer-Oriented Food & Beverage Products

The Philippines continues to be the largest U.S. market in Southeast Asia for consumer-
oriented food & beverage (f&b) products, a sub sector of total agricultural products. Export sales
in 2017 reached $964 million, up 4.4 percent from the previous year. Traders expect export sales
in 2018 will surpass the $1 billion mark as it did in 2014. Consumer-oriented f&b products
remain the best prospects for future export growth fueled by consumer familiarity with American
brands and the steady expansion of the country's retail, foodservice and food processing sectors.

General Market Profile

The Philippine market has a strong and growing consumer base. Consumption growth in
the coming years is underscored by the country's robust economy and a young, fast growing,
highly-urbanized population with increasingly sophisticated taste and ever- growing access to
modern supermarkets. While annual GDP per capita is about $3,000,20 percentage of the
population earns an average annual income of $12,510 (Source: Philippine Statistics Authority.
2015 Family Income and Expenditure Survey).

Fast Facts (Source: Source: CIA World Factbook)

 Population

 104 million (July 2017 eat.)

  Annual growth rate of 1.6%

 53% below 24 years old

 44% living in urban areas

 High literacy: 96% of the 69 million Filipinos that are 15 years old and above can read
and write

 High awareness of and preference for U.S. f&b products

 Growing demand for "healthy," organic, gourment and convenience foods

 Steady growth in retail, food service and food processing industries

 Potential Costumers: at least 20 Million people with an average annual income of

$12,510

MINING INDUSTRY IN THE PHILIPPINES

THE Philippines is the fifth most mineral-rich country in the world for gold, nickel,
copper, and chromite. It is home to the largest copper-gold deposit in the world. The Mines and
Geosciences Bureau (MGB) has estimated that the country has an estimated $840 billion worth
of untapped mineral wealth, as of 2012. About 30 million hectares of land areas in the
Philippines is deemed as possible areas for metallic minerals. According to the Mines and
Geosciences Bureau (MGB), about nine million hectares of land areas is identified as having
high mineral potential. The Philippines metal deposit is estimated at 21.5 billion metric tons and
non-metallic minerals are at 19.3 billion metric tons, as of 2012.

How mining in the Philippines started

When the Philippines inhabited precolonial settlers 67,000 years ago, the traditional place
and lose mining were part of the activities of the natives. This was the time of Negrito tribes.
These groups traded with what is now China, India, Japan, Thailand, Vietnam and Indonesia.
Raw gold was a commodity that was sold or bartered to these trading partners. The Spanish
colonizers were not able to turn mining into an industry due to the fierce resistance they
encountered from the Ygorotes of the Gran Cordillera Central. In 1837, a Royal Decree was
issued creating the Inspeccion General De Manila with the stated purpose of administering to all
the mining activities in the colony. In 1864, the Lepanto mine was opened and marked the first
full scale mining operation that produced gold and copper.

The Philippine Mining Bureau was set up in 1900 to process and administer claims and
all related transactions pertaining to mining. The Benguet Mine was opened in 1907. It was the
first modern gold mine in the Philippines. Seventeen other mining companies followed suit in
Baguio and Benguet. Commercial mining was born in the Philippines.

The boom years of the Philippine mining industry was the pre-war period. The principal
product was gold. There were forty gold mines in operation producing about 40 metric tons per
annum before the outbreak of World War II. YEAR 1936 saw the passing of Commonwealth Act
137 or country's third mining law. Gold had taken the third spot in the top commodities exported
by the Philippines after sugar and coconut products.

The year 1986 in time of Marcos gave the mining industry a glimmer of hope. However
the political situations from 1986-1992 had local and foreign investors watching on the sidelines
for a clear mining policy initiative from the government which never came. They were not
prepared to take on a huge risk in time of crisis of early 90s.

During this time, the Bureau of Mines and Geo-sciences had been conducting major
studies on the Philippines' mineral potentials funded by foreign grants. After the victory of Fidel
Ramos in the 1992 elections, a policy roadmap was formulated which led to the enactment of the
Philippine Mining Act of 1995, the country's fifth mining law.

On June 19, 1995, the la Bugal-B'laan Tribal Association filed a petition before the
Supreme Court questioning