2018

Global R&D
Funding Forecast
Background

• Funding Forecast started in January 1959 (Industrial Research)

• Funding Forecast is the only product that forecasts
the R&D spending for the next year
• From 1959 to 2004, the Funding Forecast was focused on U.S. R&D
• Funding Forecast has focused on global R&D spending since 2005
• Funding Forecast covers R&D spending in government, industry and academia

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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Basics for Creating the 2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast
Basis Resources:
• Economic Forecasts • International Monetary Fund (IMF) Economic Outlook – October 2017
(GDP)
• The World Bank
• R&D as percent of GDP • CIA World Factbook – Normalized (PPP)
• Gross Expenditures Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Baseline
on R&D (GERD) • OECD Gross Expenditures on R&D (GERD) – R&D as percent of GDP
• Industrial R&D
• Schonfeld & Associates – (Industrial) R&D Ratios & Budgets – June 2017
• Academic R&D • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) – Federal R&D
• Federal R&D Analysis
• Basic and Applied • National Science Foundation (NSF) – Natl Patterns R&D Resources, other
Research and
• European Industrial Research Management Association (EIRMA)
Development
• Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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Global Shares of R&D Investments
No. of
2016 2017 2018
countries
R&D Share R&D Share R&D Share
North America 12 566.10 27.52% 582.75 27.60% 599.03 27.36%
United States 521.79 25.36% 537.59 25.60% 552.98 25.25%
South America 10 50.18 2.44% 49.55 2.40% 49.89 2.28%
Europe 34 435.25 21.16% 441.15 21.00% 449.23 20.52%
Germany 114.62 5.60% 114.84 5.50% 116.56 5.32%
Asia 24 878.84 42.72% 897.14 42.67% 955.20 43.62%
Japan 185.95 9.00% 185.53 8.80% 186.64 8.52%
China 424.86 20.70% 444.82 21.20% 474.81 21.68%
South Korea 82.39 4.00% 85.43 4.10% 88.23 4.03%
India 73.63 3.60% 76.91 3.70% 83.27 3.80%
Africa 18 18.15 0.88% 18.91 0.90% 20.07 0.92%
Middle East 13 49.94 2.43% 52.59 2.50% 54.86 2.51%

Billions USD. Source: R&D Magazine, IMF, World Bank, OECD, CIA World Factbook

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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World of R&D 2018

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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Gross Expenditures of R&D (GERD)
2017 ESTIMATED 2018 FORECAST
GDP R&D GERD GDP R&D GERD
PPP as % GDP PPP PPP as % GDP PPP

1 United States 18,996 2.83% 538 19,471 2.84% 553

2 China 22,695 1.96% 445 24,102 1.97% 475
3 Japan 5,301 3.50% 186 5,333 3.50% 187
4 Germany 4,044 2.84% 115 4,104 2.84% 117
5 South Korea 1,987 4.30% 85 2,042 4.32% 88
6 India 9,156 0.84% 77 9,797 0.85% 83
7 France 2,761 2.25% 62 2,806 2.25% 63
8 Russia 3,804 1.52% 58 3,857 1.52% 59
9 United Kingdom 2,842 1.73% 49 2,884 1.72% 50
10 Brazil 3,147 1.18% 37 3,201 1.17% 37
Billions USD

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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2018 U.S. R&D Investments

2017 Total $537.6 billion

2018 Total $553.0 billion + 2.9%

2018 Industrial R&D $ 367.7 billion + 5.8%

2018 Federal R&D $ 137.0 billion + 2.8%

2018 Academic R&D $ 20.5 billion + 6.2%

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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2018 U.S. Source-Performer Matrix
Federal Government Industry Academia FFRDC (Govt.) Non-Profit Total

Federal 43.5 32.0 39.0 16.0 6.5 137.0

Government 0.7% 6.7% 1.3% 3.2% 8.3% 2.8%
355.5 6.0 3.9 2.3 367.7
Industry
5.6% 15.4% 8.3% 9.5% 5.8%
20.0 0.5 20.5
Academia
5.3% 66.7% 6.2%
Other 7.0 7.0
Government 0.0% 0.0%
5.7 0.1 15.0 20.8
Non-Profit
3.6% 0.0% 2.0% 2.5%
43.5 387.5 77.7 20.5 23.8 553.0
Total
0.7% 5.6% 3.3% 5.1% 4.4% 2.9%

Billions USD / Percent change from 2017

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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2017 R&D Spending

R&D Distribution, Weighted Average

14.1% 17.1%

13.8% Capital Spending

Materials
Salaries
16.8%
Supplies/Consumables
Outsourcing
Overhead
15.4%

22.8%

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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Industrial R&D – Aerospace/Defense
Aerospace/Defense Technologies R&D Spending
35
30.0 29.8 30.5
30

25

20
14.9 15.1 15.3
15

10

0
2016 Global 2016 U.S. 2017 Global 2017 U.S. 2018 Global 2018 U.S.
Billions USD

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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Industrial R&D Spenders – Aerospace / Defense

2016 2017 2018

Boeing 4.627 4.961 5.347

BAE Systems 1.693 1.670 1.607

Lockheed Martin 0.988 1.074 1.167

Raytheon 0.755 0.867 0.967

Northrop Grumman 0.705 0.796 0.861

Billions USD

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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Industrial R&D – Energy
Industrial Energy R&D Spending
120
96.7 98.2 99.8
100

80

60

40 34.8 35.4 35.9

20

0
2016 Global 2016 U.S. 2017 Global 2017 U.S. 2018 Global 2018 U.S.
Billions USD

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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Industrial R&D Spenders – Energy Companies

2016 2017 2018

General Electric 4.782 4.195 3.668

Petrochina 2.530 1.777 1.055

Exxon Mobil 1.058 0.622 0.206

Total SA 1.050 0.877 0.711

Royal Dutch Shell 1.014 0.905 0.799

Billions USD

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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Industrial R&D – Information & Communication Technology (ICT)
Industrial Energy R&D Spending
250 228.3
218.3
207.0
200

150
122.2 125.9
116.3
100

50

0
2016 Global 2016 U.S. 2017 Global 2017 U.S. 2018 Global 2018 U.S.
Billions USD

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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Industrial R&D Spenders – ICT Companies

2016 2017 2018

Amazon 16.085 19.217 22.398

Alphabet/Google 13.948 16.111 18.154

Intel 12.740 13.493 14.187

Microsoft 12.500 12.942 13.384

Apple 10.495 12.365 14.235

Billions USD

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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Industrial R&D – Life Science
Life Science R&D Spending
200 184.3
177.6
180 170.0
160
140
120
100
72.1 74.6 77.4
80
60
40
20
0
2016 Global 2016 U.S. 2017 Global 2017 U.S. 2018 Global 2018 U.S.
Billions USD

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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Industrial R&D Spenders – Life Science Companies

2016 2017 2018

Roche Holdings 11.350 11.542 11.769

Merck & Co. 10.124 10.155 10.187

Johnson & Johnson 9.124 9.191 9.223

Novartis 9.039 8.704 8.407

Pfizer 8.375 8.738 9.084

Billions USD

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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Industrial R&D – Automotive
Automotive R&D Spending
120
96.7 98.2 99.8
100

80

60

40 34.8 35.4 35.9

20

0
2016 Global 2016 U.S. 2017 Global 2017 U.S. 2018 Global 2018 U.S.
Billions USD

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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Industrial R&D Spenders – Automotive

2016 2017 2018

Volkswagen 12.144 11.572 10.915

Toyota 9.666 10.018 10.370

General Motors 8.100 8.344 8.620

Ford Motor Co. 7.300 7.521 7.754

Honda Motor Co. 6.642 6.988 7.333

Billions USD

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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Industrial R&D – Materials
Chemicals & Advanced Materials R&D Spending
50 46.3
45 41.7 40.9
40
35
30
25
20
15 12.5 11.3 10.8
10
5
0
2016 Global 2016 U.S. 2017 Global 2017 U.S. 2018 Global 2018 U.S.
Billions USD

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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Industrial R&D Spenders – Materials

2016 2017 2018

Bayer 4.924 5.052 5.193

BASF 1.966 1.773 1.584

3M 1.735 1.688 1.642

DuPont 1.641 1.502 1.324

Dow Chemical 1.584 1.512 1.445

Billions USD

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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International R&D Investments

North America (incl. U.S.) $ 599.9 billion

South America $ 49.9 billion
Europe (incl. UK) $449.2 billion
Asia (incl. China) $955.2 billion
Africa $ 20.1 billion
Middle East $ 54.9 billion
Russia / CIS $ 61.4 billion
Non-U.S. R&D 74.8%

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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Technology Sector Leaders
U.S. China France Germany Japan Russia S. Korea U.K.
Advanced Materials 53% 19% 1% 18% 15% 1% 3% 2%
Agriculture/Food 71% 11% 5% 5% 4% 1% 1% 4%
Automotive 29% 5% 1% 28% 42% 0% 8% 0%
Commercial Aerospace 73% 7% 10% 6% 2% 8% 1% 2%
Computing/IT 62% 22% 1% 3% 9% 6% 4% 0%
Energy 48% 14% 8% 21% 7% 4% 1% 5%
Sustainability 33% 4% 20% 31% 9% 1% 2% 9%
ICT 64% 17% 3% 5% 15% 6% 6% 5%
Instrumentation 47% 16% 2% 14% 28% 1% 8% 2%
Life Science/Healthcare 65% 4% 8% 14% 8% 1% 1% 12%
Military/Space/Defense 81% 14% 2% 4% 2% 12% 3% 1%
Pharmaceutical/Biotech 69% 6% 8% 16% 6% 1% 1% 7%
Leader Runner - Up

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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Countries Gaining the Most in R&D
R&D Survey Responses
80%
70% 67%

60%
50% 43%
40% 35%
30% 32%
30% 25%
20% 18% 16%
11% 9%
10%
0%
U.S. Canada U.K. Germany France China Japan India S. Korea Russia

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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R&D in Asian Countries
GLOBAL GLOBAL
RANK 2017 2018 RANK 2017 2018
GDP R&D GDP R&D GDP R&D GDP R&D
2 China 22,695.0 444.82 24,102.0 474.81 48 New Zealand 182.5 2.35 187.8 2.42
3 Japan 5,300.9 185.53 5,332.7 186.64 49 Vietnam 634.2 2.03 674.2 2.16
5 S. Korea 1,986.7 85.43 2,042.3 88.23 59 Philippines 860.0 1.29 919.3 1.47
6 India 9,155.7 76.91 9,796.6 83.27 Myanmar/B
64 319.9 0.96 336.5 1.01
urma
11 Australia 1,223.8 28.64 1,260.5 29.50
87 Sri Lanka 276.5 0.44 293.9 0.47
14 Taiwan 1,151.2 28.20 1,173.1 28.74
99 Nepal 75.9 0.23 80.7 0.24
20 Singapore 503.4 13.19% 516.50 13.53
100 North Korea 40.0 0.20 40.0 0.20
26 Malaysia 902.1 11.46 944.5 12.09 104 Cambodia 64.4 0.14 70.3 0.15
28 Indonesia 3,186.6 9.88 3,355.5 10.40 106 Afghanistan 66.7 0.13 69.6 0.14
37 Pakistan 1,037.6 6.23 1,091.6 6.88 113 Macau 64.4 0.03 65.5 0.03
40 Bangladesh 686.6 4.81 751.1 5.26 116 Lao P.D.R 44.6 0.02 48.7 0.02
42 Thailand 1,200.0 4.20 1,239.6 4.34 48 New Zealand 182.5 2.35 187.8 2.42
45 Hong Kong 440.0 3.08 451.0 3.20 49 Vietnam 634.2 2.03 674.2 2.16
Billions USD
2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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R&D in European Countries
GLOBAL GLOBAL
RANK 2017 2018 RANK
2017 2018
GDP R&D GDP R&D GDP R&D GDP R&D
4 Germany 4,043.7 114.84 4,104.4 116.56 43 Hungary 278.1 3.89 286.4 4.07
7 France 2,761.3 62.13 2,805.5 63.12 46 Ukraine 360.1 2.88 371.6 2.97
9 United Kingdom 2,841.7 49.16 2,884.3 49.61 47 Romania 460.1 2.76 475.7 2.85
13 Italy 2,252.9 28.39 2,270.9 28.84
51 Greece 295.8 1.83 303.8 1.88
15 Spain 1,730.9 21.81 1,767.2 22.27
53 Slovenia 67.9 1.75 69.3 1.79
16 Netherlands 887.7 18.64 903.7 18.98
17 Sweden 511.5 16.93 523.8 17.44 58 Slovak Republic 175.7 1.32 182.2 1.37
18 Turkey 2,037.7 18.34 2,104.9 18.94 61 Belarus 169.6 1.27 170.6 1.28
19 Switzerland 502.9 14.99 510.9 15.22 65 Serbia 104.8 0.95 108.5 0.99
21 Austria 422.8 12.68 428.3 12.85 67 Bulgaria 148.8 0.92 152.8 0.95
23 Belgium 518.2 12.18 526.0 12.36 69 Luxembourg 62.1 0.87 64.3 0.90
27 Poland 1,089.8 9.81 1,124.7 10.23 71 Lithiuania 88.4 0.80 91.1 0.82
30 Denmark 278.0 8.34 282.7 8.48
73 Croatia 97.9 0.73 100.4 0.75
31 Finland 234.4 8.20 237.7 8.32
75 Estonia 39.4 0.63 40.5 0.65
34 Czechia 360.5 6.67 368.4 6.82
35 Norway 368.8 6.45 375.8 6.58 83 Iceland 17.4 0.44 18.0 0.46
39 Ireland 336.3 5.89 347.1 6.07 93 Latvia 52.1 0.31 53.8 0.32
41 Portugal 303.8 4.31 308.4 4.44 112 Bosnia/Herzegovina 44.5 0.04 47.0 0.05
Billions USD
2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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R&D in African Countries
GLOBAL GLOBAL
RANK
2017 2018 RANK
2017 2018
GDP R&D GDP R&D GDP R&D GDP R&D

36 South Africa 761.9 6.48 791.2 6.96 84 Angola 193.9 0.43 201.3 0.44

44 Nigeria 1,124.6 3.37 1,171.6 3.51 86 Sudan 182.6 0.42 189.2 0.44

56 Tunisia 133.9 1.34 138.1 1.38 88 Ghana 131.5 0.39 146.8 0.44

57 Morocco 294.2 1.32 305.7 1.38 92 Libya 56.5 0.17 58.1 0.17

60 Algeria 620.6 1.24 624.3 1.25 94 Uganda 91.2 0.32 98.6 0.35
101 Cameroon 81.5 0.16 86.9 0.17
68 Kenya 164.3 0.90 177.7 0.98
102 Botswana 39.1 0.16 41.6 0.17
70 Tanzania 163.5 0.85 178.8 0.93
111 Congo,
72 Ethiopia 195.0 0.78 214.3 0.86 68.3 0.07 72.3 0.07
Dem. Republic
82 Cote d'Ivoire 95.9 0.48 105.1 0.53 114 Zambia 68.6 0.03 73.0 0.04
Billions USD
2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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R&D in South American Countries
GLOBAL GLOBAL
RANK 2017 2018 RANK 2017 2018
GDP R&D GDP R&D GDP R&D GDP R&D

10 Brazil 3,147.3 $37.14 3,200.8 37.45 76 Ecuador 180.7 0.63 180.2 0.63

38 Argentina 893.2 5.00 913.7 5.02 89 Uruguay 76.1 0.38 78.1 0.39

50 Chile 446.3 2.01 456.6 2.05 97 Bolivia 81.8 0.27 84.8 0.28

52 Venezuela 395.4 1.58 379.2 1.44 110 Paraguay 66.5 0.07 69.0 0.07

54 Columbia 704.6 1.55 725.7 1.60 66 Peru 420.4 0.92 436.0 0.96

Billions USD

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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R&D in North American Countries
GLOBAL GLOBAL
RANK 2017 2018 RANK 2017 2018
GDP R&D GDP R&D GDP R&D GDP R&D

1 United States 18,996.0 537.59 19,471.0 552.98 91 Dom Republic 174.2 0.35 187 0.37

12 Canada 1,714.0 30.85 1,748 31.47 95 Panama 96.6 0.29 101 0.30

24 Mexico 2,355.4 11.78 2,403 12.01 103 Guatamala 136.8 0.14 142 0.14

78 Cuba 134.4 0.56 137 0.58 108 El Salvador 56.9 0.09 59 0.09

80 Puerto Rico 127.1 0.57 124 0.53 109 Honduras 44.9 0.08 47 0.08

85 Costa Rica 85.8 0.43 91 0.46 115 Trinidad/Tobago 44.6 0.02 47 0.02

Billions USD

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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R&D in Middle Eastern Countries
GLOBAL GLOBAL
RANK 2017 2018 RANK 2017 2018
GDP R&D GDP R&D GDP R&D GDP R&D
22 Israel 309.3 12.53 318.6 12.90 74 Oman 188.3 0.66 193.8 0.68
25 Iran 1,503.0 11.57 1,567.6 12.23
77 Kuwait 303.1 0.61 313.7 0.63
29 Qatar 340.4 8.51 349.9 8.82
90 Jordan 87.6 0.35 89.8 0.36
32 Saudi Arabia 1,758.0 8.09 1,780.9 8.37
96 Lebanon 86.9 0.26 89.1 0.27
33 Egypt 1,198.0 7.19 1,279.5 7.68

55 UAE 678.9 1.36 708.8 1.42 105 Bahrain 68.2 0.14 70.2 0.14

62 Iraq 627.1 1.25 643.4 1.29 107 Yemen 70.5 0.07 72.5 0.07

Billions USD

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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R&D in Russia / CIS
GLOBAL
RANK
2017 2018

GDP R&D GDP R&D

8 Russia 3,803.5 57.81 3,856.7 58.62

63 Kazakhstan 462.6 1.30 478.3 1.34

79 Uzbekistan 218.0 0.59 231.1 0.62

81 Azerbaijan 163.8 0.49 167.1 0.50

98 Turkmenistan 101.7 0.25 108.1 0.27

Billions USD

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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International R&D Trends

900

800

700

600
Billions USD

500 US R&D

400 China R&D

Euro R&D
300

200

100

0
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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Global Researcher Outlook

• One-third have seen changes in the past three years

• Most important feature of R&D operations is staffing aspects
• Biggest 2017 R&D limitation was the R&D budget
• Biggest 2018 R&D factor is the R&D operating costs
• 40% of researchers expect their staffs to increase in 2018
• 37% of researchers expect federal changes to reduce their 2018 R&D budget
• Applied research and development areas will see the biggest increases in 2018
• IT and software are the most important industrial technologies
• Life Science technologies will see the greatest innovations over the next 5 years

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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How R&D Changed Since 2015

Less Successful than in 2015 3%

More Successful than in 2015 8%

Less Admin Support than in 2015 7%

More Admin Support than in 2015 3%

Less Important than in 2015 6%

More Important than in 2015 37%

No Change in Status 35%

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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Important Features of R&D Operations
Attracting, Developing R&D Talent 58%
Balancing Long- and Short-Term R&D 48%
Building an Innovation Culture 56%
Complying With Regulatory Changes 53%
Gaining Management Support for R&D 35%
Indentifying Disruptive Technologies 38%
Improving Efficiency 56%
Improving Knowledge Management 48%
Improving Sustainability 45%
Integrating Technology and Strategies 35%
Developing Leadership 38%
Managing Global Innovation 28%
Measuring R&D Values 38%

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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Items Affecting 2017 R&D

50% 47%
45%
40%
35% 32%
30% 27% 28%
25% 22%
20% 17% 16%
15%
10%
5% 4%

0%
Changing Limited Skilled Staff Limited Organization Limited R&D Budget Outdated Priorities Technological Other
Regulations Revenue Growth Infrastructure Complexities

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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Factors for Establishing a 2018 R&D budget
Administration Approval 45%
Capital Requirements 45%
Competition 26%
Energy Considerations 8%
General Economy 29%
Globalization 15%
Inflation 16%
Operating Costs 55%
Outsourcing 15%
Patent Protection 26%
Regulations 35%
Revenue Growth 35%
Safety/Security 26%
Staffing Considerations 41%
Sustainability Requirements 13%
Technology Advances 29%
Technology Costs 36%
Technology Licensing 14%

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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R&D Staffing Changes Expected in 2018

11% 1% 6%

34% Substantial Increase Expected

Slight Increase Expected
No Change
Slight Decrease
Substantial Decrease Expected
48%

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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Will Federal Changes Affect Your 2018 R&D Budget?

13%

Significant Reduction
Slight Reduction
24%
Increase
56%
No Change

7%

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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R&D Changes Expected in 2018
Increase Decrease No Change
60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%
Applied Research Basic Research Development Science/Engineering Technical Service

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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Most Important Technologies by 2021
Additive Manufacturing 27%
Artificial Intelligence 21%
Big Data 27%
Bioengineering 21%
Bionanotechnology 15%
Cloud Computing 19%
Embedded Processing 12%
Information Technologies 37%
Genomics/Proteomics 13%
Medical Diagnostics 22%
Nanotechnology 20%
Quantum Computing 7%
Renewable Energy 20%
Robotics/Automation 26%
Software 32%
Space Technologies 7%
Sustainability 24%

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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Industries with Greatest Innovations by 2022
Advanced Materials 42%
Agriculture/Food 19%
Automotive 25%
Commercial Aerospace 21%
Computing IT 36%
Energy 44%
Sustainability 35%
Information Technologies 34%
Instrumentation 21%
Life Science/Healthcare 49%
Military/Space/Defense 32%
Pharmaceutical/Biotech 32%

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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 Thank you!
Tim Studt, Contributing Editor,
2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast

For more information:

Bea Riemschneider, Editorial Director, R&D Magazine
Bea.riemschneider@advantagemedia.com
908-920-7029

2018 Global R&D Funding Forecast, Copyright R&D Magazine

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