General Trivia Questions and Answers

1. Who invented the telephone? (Bell)

2. Which nail grows fastest? (middle)
3. What temperature does water boil at? (100C)
4. Who discovered penicillin? (Fleming)
5. What Spanish artist said he would eat his wife when she died? (Dali)
6. Who wrote Julius Caesar, Macbeth and Hamlet? (Shakespeare)
7. Who wrote Lazarillo de Tormes? (anonymous)
8. What did the crocodile swallow in Peter Pan? (alarm clock)
9. Where was Lope de Vega born? (Madrid)
10. Who did Lady Diana Spencer marry? (Prince Charles)
11. Where is Mulhacen? Granada Spain
12. How many states are there in the United States of America? (50)
13. Which river passes through Madrid? (Manzanares)
14. Which German city is famous for the perfume it produces? (Cologne)
15. Who did Prince Rainier of Monaco marry? (Grace Kelly)
16. What year did the Spanish Civil War end? (1939)
17. When did the First World War start? (1914)
18. What did Joseph Priesley discover in 1774? (Oxygen)
19. Where is the smallest bone in the body? (ear)
20. Which is the only mammal that can’t jump? (elephant)
21. What does the roman numeral C represent? (100)
22. What colour is a panda? (black and white)
23. What nationality was Chopin? (Polish)
24. What’s the best known artificial international language? (esperanto)
25. Who lived at 221B, Baker Street, London?(SherlockHolmes)
26. Who cut Van Gogh’s ear? (he did)
27. Where did Salvador Dali live? (Figueras)
28. Who painted the Mona Lisa? (Da Vinci)
29. How many dots are there on two dice? (42)
30. What horoscope sign has a crab? (cancer)
31. In which shop can you buy books in England? (bookshop)
32. Where does the British Prime Minister live? (10, Downing Street)
33. How long is the compulsory military service in England? (it doesn’t exist)
34. When did the Second World War end? (1945)
35. What are the first three words of the bible? (In the beginning)
36. How many children has Queen Elizabeth the Second got? (4)
37. What’s the real name of Siddartha Gautama? (Buddha)
38. What’s the name of the famous big clock in London? (Big Ben)
39. Where was Christopher Columbus born? (Genoa)
40. When did the American Civil War end? (1865)
41. What did the 7 dwarves do for a job? (miners)
42. Who painted the Sistine Chapel? (Michelangelo)
43. Who wrote La Colmena? (Cela)
44. Name a famous detective who smoked a pipe and played the violin. (S. Holmes)
45. Who said E=mc2 (Einstein)
46. Which planet is nearest the sun? (Mercury)
47. Where are the Dolomites? (Italy)
48. What’s the capital of Kenya? (Nairobi?
49. Which is the largest ocean? (Pacific)
50. What’s the capital of Honduras? (Tegucigarpa)
51. What’s the capital of Ethiopia? (Addis Ababa)
52. How many squares are there on a chess board? (64)
53. How many prongs are there on a fork? (4)
54. Who starts first in chess? (white)
55. How many events are there in the decathlon? (10)
56. What do you use to take a cork out of a bottle? (a corkscrew)
57. What language has the most words? (English)
58. What’s the name of the main airport in Madrid? (Barajas)
59. What money do they use in Japan? (yen)
60. What year did Paquirri die? (1984 or 1985)
61. Who said, “I think, therefore I am”? (Descartes)
62. Who wrote the Ugly Duckling? (Hans Christian Andersen)
63. Where was El Greco born? (Greece)
64. What’s the Hungarian word for pepper? (paprika)
65. Which painter did the group Mecano write a song about? (Dali)
66. Who sang, “I’m dreaming of a white Christmas”? (Bing Crosby)
67. Name the two main actors in “The Sting”. (Paul Newman and Robert Redford)
68. What year did Elvis Presley die? (1977)
69. What film star who was in 9« weeks is now a boxer? (Mickey Rourke)
70. Where was Marco Polo’s home town? (Venice)
71. Which Italian leader was terribly afraid of the evil eye? (Mussolini)
72. What country gave Florida to the USA in 1891? (Spain)
73. Who gave his name to the month of July? (Julius Caesar)
74. Who wrote the Satanic Verses? (Salman Rushdie)
75. What was the first theatre play in Spain? (La Celestina)
76. What’s the most important book in the Moslem religion? (Koran)
77. When was Elvis’ first ever concert? (1954)
78. Who sang “My Way”? (Frank Sinatra)
79. Who as the main actor in “Cocktail”? (Tom Cruise)
80. Who was the main actor in Superman 2? (Christopher Reeve)
81. Who did Madonna marry? (Sean Penn)
82. What did the Montgolfier brothers invent? (the balloon)
83. Who is the president of Iraq? (Sadam Hussein)
84. What type of elephant has got the biggest ears? (African)
85.Who invented the electric light bulb? (Thomas Edison)
86. What’s the smallest type of tree in the world? (Bonsai)
87. Who invented television? (John Logie Baird)
88. What activity other than jumping are kangaroos good at? (boxing)
89. What’s the capital of Ecuador? (Quito)
90. What colours make purple? (red and blue)
91. What’s the hardest rock? (diamond)
92. How much does a litre of water weigh? (1kg)
93. When was President Kennedy killed? (1963)
94. What stopped in London at 3.45 on August 5th, 1975? (Big Ben)
95. What nationality was Marco Polo? (Italian)
96. Who won a gold medal for Spain in cycling in the 1992 Olympics?
(Jose Manuel Moreno)
97. Who is the tallest basketball player in the world? (Manute Boll – 2.31m)
98. Where does the American president live? (The White House)
99. What is the first letter on a typewriter? (Q)
100. Which river goes through London? (Thames)

100 Top Science Trivia Questions and Answers

 What is the unit measurement for the activity of a radioactive source? The Becqueral (Bq). 1 Bq = 1
disintegration per second
2. If you mix all light colours, do you get black, white or a rainbow? White. Technically adding all colours of
light together is called colour addition.
3. How many separate patents did Thomas Edison file? 1093!
4. Is a white gold ring pure gold? White gold is usually an alloy of gold and a white metal such as silver and
palladium. Nickel is no longer used due to skin allergies. What is ‘fools gold’?Iron pyrite crystals.
5. What is the symbol for Silver? Ag
6. What does ATP stand for? Adenosine triphosphate, the molecule that is used for energy by all cells
7. What survives impacting Earth’s surface; a meteor, a meteorite or an asteroid? Meteorite.
8. What is the strongest known magnet in the Universe? A Neutron Star
9. Which is the hottest planet in the solar system? Venus, surface temperature 460oC
10. How far is the moon away from Earth?Around 376 600 km away.
11. Where does sound travel faster; water or air? Water.
12. What is opposite to matter? Antimatter.
13. Do have the same number of neck vertebrae as giraffe’s? Yes.
14. How much salt does the average human body contain? Around 250 grams.
15. If I kept walking in a straight line on a flat surface with no visible features, is it possible to walk in circles
eventually? People often favor one leg over the other. It is possible that over time the discrepancy between the
two leg strides may indeed cause you to walk in circles.
16. Why do bubbles pop? They get too dry from the surrounding air.
17. What is the Law of Conservation of Energy? The energy of the Universe is constant; it can neither be
created or destroyed but only transferred and transformed.
18. True or false – there are 206 bones in an adult human body and 300 bones in an infants body? True. Some
bones in infants skulls have not yet fused together.
19. True or false- most of the dust in your home is made of human skin? True – up to 70%!
20. Can you lick your elbow? No. Now be honest, did you try?
21. If you go into space, do you get taller? Yes, the cartilage disks in your spine expand under zero gravity.
22. What does a manometer measure? The pressure of a closed system.
23. What is the unit measurement for the activity of a radioactive source? The Becqueral (Bq). 1 Bq = 1
disintegration per second
24. If you mix all light colours, do you get black, white or a rainbow? White. Technically adding all colours of
light together is called colour addition.
25. How many separate patents did Thomas Edison file? 1093!
26. What type of organism makes up the oldest known fossil?Blue-green algae from South Africa at 3.2 billion
years old.
27. What does the Scoville Heat Unit Scale measure?
The heat of chilies
28. Is a tomato a fruit or vegetable?A fruit.
29. Why do bubbles pop? They get too dry from the surrounding air.
30. What is the Law of Conservation of Energy? The energy of the Universe is constant; it can neither be
created or destroyed but only transferred and transformed.
31. What is the name given to planets outside our solar system? Extrasolar planets
32. Which is the rarest blood type in humans?AB negative. <1% of the population
33. Why does eyesight change as you get older? The eye’s lens continues to grow throughout life, becoming
thicker and less transparent.
34. True or false; nitroglycerine can be used to treat heart attacks? True. It dilates blood vessels.
35. What Australian timber made the London docks?Turpentine; Syncarpia glomulifera
36. What is Xylem?The hollow woody tissue in plants that carries water and minerals from the roots to
throughout the entire plant
37. What is the scientific name of a Sydney Blue Gum?Eucalyptus saligna
38. Where is the largest known meteorite crater on Earth? Vredefort Ring in South Africa, 299km diameter!
39. What causes an Aurora? Charged particles from solar wind
40. What temperature and pressure is needed to convert graphite into a diamond? 3000 degrees celsius and
100,000 atmospheres.That’s 10132500 kPA, at least 20,000 times more pressure than the pressure inside the
average bike tire!
41. What is a buret? A long tube of glass usually marked in 0.1mL units that’s equipped with a stopcock for the
controlled addition of a liquid to a receiving flask
42. What is the hardest substance in the human body? Tooth enamel.
43. What is trepanning? An ancient form of medicine which involved making holes in human skull to relieve
pressure; don’t try at home!
44. What is the longest type of cell in the body? The nerve cell (neuron).
45. What does bile do in you body? Emulsify fats in the small intestine
46. Which is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature? Mercury (melting point of -38.87 deg
Celsius). Room temperature is usually defined as 25 deg. Celsius. Gallium gets close to also melting at room
temperature > it’s melting temperature is 29.78 deg.Celsius… almost made it!
47. Who invented the first battery? Count Alessandro Volta
48. What is a Pyrogen? A substance that causes fever.
49. Where would you find your pinna? It’s your outer ear (the bit you see made out of cartilage)
50. Who has more hair follicles, blondes or brunettes? Blondes.
51. Which is the only Australian mammal restricted to alpine environments?The Mountain Pygmy Possum
52. How old is our Sun? 5 billion years… we think…
53. True or false; when lighting hits a tree the water inside the tree boils and expands, blowing the tree
apart? True
54. What is the world’s tallest grass?Bamboo.Some species reach up to 39 metres in height.
55. Is Obsidian an igneous, sedimentary or metamorphic rock? Igneous.
56. Which country has the longest coastline?Canada, due to the number of northern islands.
57. Is a Tsunami and a tidal wave the same thing? No. Tsunamis are caused by water displacement as a result
of an undersea earthquake or a landslide. Tidal waves are caused by the moon & Sun’s gravitational pull
combined with prevailing winds and water currents.
58. What is the definition of dust? A particle small enough to be carried by air currents.
59. When was the first seismograph invented?Approximately A.D. 200 in China
60. Is the stratosphere above or below the troposphere? Extending 50km above the troposphere
61. Where does sound travel faster; water or air? Water.
62. What is opposite to matter? Antimatter.
63. True or false; your body’s temperature rises slightly during digestion? True
64. Where are the three smallest bones in the human body? What are they called? In the middle
ear. Collectively called ossicles, the 3 bones are the Malleus (hammer), Incus (anvil) & Stapes (stirrup).
65. What’s the lifespan of a human red blood cell? Around 120 days.
66. True or false; A modern human’s brain is smaller than a Neanderthal’s brain?
67. What is the collective name of animals and plants that live on a lake bottom?Benthos
68. What is the largest living structure on Earth?The Great Barrier Reef, Australia
69. What is oldest living thing known on Earth?A bristlecone pine in California… it’s about 4600 years old!
71. What’s the highest recorded surface wind speed? 372km/h! Over Mt Washington, New Hampshire on April
12, 1934.
72. What is the name of the layer of air closest to us in the atmosphere? Troposphere
73. True or false – is lightning 3 times hotter than the Sun? True
74. What formation on Earth can have the names tabular, blocky, wedge, dome, pinnacle, dry dock, growler or
bergy bit? Icebergs
75. Which crystalline formations are on cave ceilings; stalagmites or stalactites?Stalactites.
76. What does a manometer measure? The pressure of a closed system.
77. True or false – sterling silver is pure silver?False. It contains up to 7.5% copper
78. Which chemical causes the burning taste sensation when eating chilies?
Capcaicin
79. Which planet is closest to the sun? – Mercury.
80. What is the sun made out of? – The Sun is at present, about 70% hydrogen and 28% helium by mass
everything else amounts to less than 2%
81. Where is the Suez Canal? – Egypt
82. What’s the Symbol to iron? – Fe
83. Does the sun rotate? – The movements of the sunspots indicate that the Sun rotates once every 27 days at
the  equator, but only once in 31 days at the poles.
84. How big is the Milky Way? – The Milky Way is actually a giant, as its mass is probably between 750
billion and one trillion solar masses, and its diameter is about 100,000 light years.
85. Who was the last president of the Soviet Union? – Mikhail Gorbachev.
86. What political system was gradually dismantled in South Africa, starting in 1989? – Apartheid.
87. What’s the first name of Shakespeare? – William
88. Where is the Leaning Tower of Pisa? – Pisa, Italy.
89. How much bigger is the sun than the earth? A: The Earth is about 13 thousand kilometers (8000 miles)
wide, whereas the Sun is roughly 1.4 million kilometers (900,000 miles) across. If the Sun were a hollow ball,
you could fit about one million Earths inside of it!
90. How old is the earth? -The earth is about 4.5 billion years old.
91. How old is the universe? – The Universe is at least 15 billion years old, but probably not more than 20
billion years old.
92. Which planet spins the fastest? – Jupiter is the fastest spinning planet in our solar system rotating on
average once in just under 10 hours.
93. Where is Notre Dame? – Paris
94. Where is the Pyrenees? – Between Spain and France.
95. What bird was domesticated first? The first bird domesticated by man was the goose.
96. Why a duck’s quack doesn’t echo? – No one knows.
97. What is the Milky Way? – The Milky Way is a spiral galaxy.
98. What star other than the sun is closest to the earth? – It is Proxima Centauri, the nearest member of the
Alpha Centauri triple star system.
99. The Golden Gate Bridge? – San Francisco, California, USA.
100. Where is Broadway? – New York City, USA.

History Trivia Questions and Answers

1. In 1986 the prime minister of which European country was assassinated on his way home from the cinema
with his wife?Sweden (Olof Palme)
2. Who was the first Windsor monarch of the UK? George V (reigned 1910-1936)
3. What was the nickname of President Duvalier of Haiti, who died in 1971? Papa Doc
4. Which battle of 1571 marked the end of the Ottoman naval supremacy in the Mediterranean?The Battle of
Lepanto
5. Nearly how many years did it take Sir Francis Drake to complete the first circumnavigation of the globe in
1580?3
6. Name the most famous battle of 1346?Crecy
7. In 1979 which English art historian was exposed as a one-time Soviet spy and stripped of his
knighthood? Anthony Blunt
8. In 1816 which US state was admitted to the Union as the 20th state? Mississippi
9. In which year did the demolition of the Berlin Wall begin? 1989
10. Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI created which principality in 1719? Lichtenstein
11. Saloth Sar, born 19 May 1925, is better known by what name?Pol Pot
12. What tax was introduced in England and Wales in 1696 and repealed in 1851?Window tax
13. Which book was published in London on April 25th, 1719?Robinson Crusoe
14. Who founded the Salvation Army in London, 1865? William Booth
15. Who designed Regent’s Park in London in 1811? John Nash
16. Southern Rhodesia became what country in 1980? Zimbabwe (The Independent Nation of Zimbabwe)
17. The first day of which battle was the worst day in the history of the British Army, which suffered 60,000
casualties?Battle of the Somme
18. Who became president after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln?Andrew Johnson
19. Which Egyptian president ordered the seizure of the Suez Canal in 1956? President Nassar
20. Which city is normally accepted as being the ancient capital of Wessex?Winchester
21. In which year was the death of Queen Elizabeth I?1603
22. In 1297, at which battle did William Wallace defeat the English?Battle of Stirling Bridge
23. Who discovered the vaccination against smallpox in 1796? Edward Jenner
24. Which is the oldest University in the USA?Harvard (founded 1636, in Cambridge Massachusetts)
25. Who was the cult leader of the Waco Siege in 1993? David Koresh
26. Name the second largest city in Britain during the Black Death?Bristol
27. In which war was The Battle of Agin court?Hundred Years War
28. Which English scholar, well known for his translation of the Bible into English, was executed in Antwerp
in 1536?William Tyndale
29. Which country was first to operate an old age pension scheme? Germany (1891)
30. The Battle of Rorke’s Drift in 1879 featured in which war? Zulu War (or Zulu Wars).Incidentally Rorke’s
Drift was not the final battle of the Zulu Wars as wrongly stated here previously – it was the battle of Ulundi
(thanks A Cherry)
31. In which European city did composer Richard Wagner die in 1883? Venice
32. What nationality was Karl Marx?German
33. What’s the better known name given to the Great Rising of 1381?The Peasants’ Revolt
34. The loss of Calais was during which queen’s reign?Mary I
35. What song, popular in the First World War, was written by George and Felix Powell? Pack up your
Troubles in your Old Kit Bag
36. In which year did the Titanic sink? 1912
37. What Apollo 13 astronaut contacted Mission Control with the words, “Houston, we’ve had a problem
here..” ? Jack Swigert
38. Who commanded the British Expeditionary Force in World War One? Field Marshal Douglas Haig
39. Which country did Britain fight in the War of Jenkins’s Ear? Spain
40. What was the better known name of Charles I, the King of the Franks, who united most of Western Europe
during the Middle Ages? Charlemagne
41. What was the name of the pandemic which killed over 1% of the world’s population in 1918? Spanish Flu
42. What was the name of Charles Lindbergh’s plane in which he completed the first non-stop solo trans-
Atlantic flight? Spirit of St Louis (achieved in 1927)
43. Which comic strip animal devised by Otto Mesmer first appeared in 1931? Felix the Cat
44. What was the largest naval battle of the First World War?Jutland
45. In which year was Abraham Lincoln assassinated?1865
46. Omdurman, as in the Battle of Omdurman, is today a suburb of which African city?Khartoum
47. In which military campaign did Lewis Halliday and Basil Guy win Victoria Crosses in 1900? The Boxer
Rebellion
48. In which year was the Wall Street Crash?1929
49. The Battle of Balaclava is a famous battle in which war?
The Crimean
50. In which French city was Joan of Arc put to death? Rouen
51. Who was the last British monarch of the House of Hanover? Queen Victoria
52. In which century was The Black Death?Fourteenth
53. Who invented the thermometer in 1593?Galileo
54. Which Wild West legend was born Henry McCarty? Billy the Kid, alias William H Bonney
55. Who was UK Labour cabinet minister and social reformer Frank Pakenham better known as? Lord
Longford (7th Earl of Longford)
56. Who led a band of abolitionists that seized the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, in October
1859? John Brown
57. Name the second wife of Henry VIII?Anne Boleyn
58. In which century did Italian friar Thomas Aquinas live? Thirteenth
59. Who was the last British Viceroy of India?Lord Louis Mountbatten
60. Who was the ruler of the USSR from 1917-22? Vladimir Lenin
61. The Wars of the Roses (1455-85) were fought between which two houses of England?York and Lancaster
62. In which year did the UK hand over Hong Kong sovereignty to China? 1997 (June 30th)
63. Which English philosopher, regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers, was known
as the Father of Classical Liberalism? John Locke
64. In which decade did compulsory driving testing begin? 1930s (1935)
65. Which German city endured the worst bombing of World War Two in February 1945?Dresden
66. Robert Curthose was the son of which king? William the Conqueror
67. Who was king before Queen Victoria?William IV
68. What was discovered in 1799 by Pierre-François Bouchard, a Napoleonic soldier?
The Rosetta Stone
69. Which castle in Gloucestershire is believed to be the scene of the murder of King Edward II in
1327? Berkeley castle
70. Who was the last British monarch of the House of Hanover?Queen Victoria
71. Portuguese-born navigator was the first European to cross the Pacific Ocean?Ferdinand Magellan
72. Which historical figure is widely regarded as the greatest of all the Anglo-Saxon scholars?The Venerable
Bede
73. What disease killed thousands of people in Glasgow in 1832? Cholera
74.Which Empire declared war on Russia in October 1853, suffering a defeat that gave Russia control of the
Black Sea?The Ottoman Empire
75. Which Roman road stretched 220 miles from Exeter to Lincoln? Fosse Way
76. Which king met with the rebels of the Peasant’s Revolt at Smithfield in 1381?Richard II
77. Which killer was also known as ‘The Whitechapel Murderer’? Jack the Ripper
78. Which American outlaw was the most famous member of the James-Younger Gang?Jesse James
79. What explorer of North Carolina never got to finish his “History of the World” while banished to the Tower
of London? Sir Walter Raleigh.
80. Who was president of the U.S. when Uncle Sam first got a beard? Abraham Lincoln.
81. Who did Adolf Hitler dictate Mein Kampf to while in prison? Rudolf Hess.
82. What was the first country to recognize Mexico’s independence, in 1836? The U.S.
83. What encyclopedia’s first edition, in 1771, described California as “a large country of the West
Indies”? Encyclopedia Britannica’s.
84. Who was the only American to become vice president and president after resignations? Gerald Ford.
85. There is one in Las Vegas for every how many inhabitants. Eight.
86. What year did the Dow Jones Industrial Average break both the 4000 and 5000 marks?1995.
87. Who saw his crew dine on wormy biscuits and rats on his fourth voyage to the New World?  Christopher
Columbus.
88. What disgraced vice president’s high school yearbook quote read; “An ounce of wit is worth a pound of
sorrow”? Spiro Agnew.
89. What symbol was first linked to the Democratic party in an 1870 cartoon by Thomas Nast? A donkey.
90. What Harry Callahan line did Ronald Reagan invoke to “tax increasers”? “Go ahead, make my day”.
91. What 19th-century president erroneously noted: “The ballot is stronger than the bullet”?Abraham Lincoln.
92. What country led all Arab nations in the number of troops participating in Operation Desert Storm? Saudi
Arabia.
93. Who did George Bush accuse of being “a card-carrying member” of the American Civil Liberties Union, in
1988? Michael Dukakis.
94. Who was the youngest man to chair the Joint Chiefs of Staff? Colin Powell.
95. Which of Henry VIII’s wives gave birth to Elizabeth I? Anne Boleyn.
96. What position was Eileen Collins the first female to hold on a space shuttle mission?Captain.
97. What presidential election year saw Republicans dub Democrats the party of “Communism, Corruption and
Korea”?1952.
98. What were the Viet Minh called when they crossed into South Vietnam? The Viet Cong.
99. What Russian cleric was poisoned, shot and finally drowned on December 30, 1916?Rasputin.
100. Who led the Million Man March on Washington? Louis Farrakhan.

General Physics Trivia Questions & Answers : Physics

1.Which of the following is an example of a second class lever?
 Ice tongs  Scissors
 Shovels  Nut cracker
Answer: Nut cracker 
In second class levers, the load is situated in the middle while the fulcrum and effort are at the ends. Ice
tongs and shovels are examples of third class levers, in which effort lies in between fulcrum and load. Scissors
are an example of a first class lever, in which the fulcrum is in the middle with load and effort at the ends.
2. In order to complete the calculations Suzie wants to make about her activities, she needs to know her mass.
Exactly what property does her mass measure?
Answer: Her tendency to maintain a constant state of motion 
Inertial mass, which is usually just called mass, is a measure of any object's tendency to keep on moving as
it is. If it is at rest, it will stay at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced outside force; if it is moving, it will keep
moving in a straight line at a constant speed unless acted on by an unbalanced outside force. This is usually
referred to as Newton's First Law, or the Law of Inertia. 
Weight is a measure of the force which gravity exerts on an object. In any one place, mass and weight are
proportional, but when you go to a place where the force of gravity is stronger or weaker, your weight will
increase or decrease without any corresponding change in mass. Size is more precisely called volume, and the
tendency of an object to resist spinning is its moment of inertia, a property which depends on both the mass
and the shape of the object.
3. If an object is in free fall, what is the only force that is acting upon that object?
Answer: Gravity 
On Earth, gravity is acting on everything, even objects which are not falling. An object in free fall is not
affected by any force other than gravity, and it has a constant acceleration of -9.8 m/s� (-32 ft/s�).
4 Which of the following is a paramagnetic substance?
 Water  Iron
 Nickel  Platin
 um
Answer: Platinum 
Paramagnetic elements are those substances which, when kept in a strong magnetic field, become weakly
magnetised in the same way as the external field. Other examples are oxygen, lithium and manganese.
5 Who is the Renaissance scientist credited with the invention of the pendulum?
Answer: Galileo Galilei 
Galileo Galilei's first observation of the pendulum motion was made in Pisa cathedral, when he counted
the time it took for a swinging chandelier to return to its motionless position against his heartbeat. By
experimenting, he found that no matter how wide the arc of the swing was, or the mass of the pendulum, it took
the pendulum the same time to become still. From this breakthrough discovery of a universal scientific
principle, Christiaan Huygens, one hundred years later, was able to create a reliable time keeping device.
6 A derivative represents the rate of change of something. What is the derivative of a velocity function with
respect to time?
Answer: acceleration 
Acceleration is the rate at which your velocity changes (dv/dt). Velocity has units of meters/second. When
divided by time we get meters/second squared, the common unit for acceleration.
Car commercials will sometimes state that their vehicle can go from "0 to 60mph in 6s." This represents the
acceleration of the car.
7 Some of my players aren't too bright, so I avoid big words while explaining that physics is the study of matter
(an example is the matter of a defensive tackle) and its "what" through space and time?
Answer: motion 
The word "physics" is derived from the Greek meaning, "knowledge of nature." This essential science is
key to explaining how things work, on and off the football field. It is one of the oldest fields of science, dating to
the Greeks in 650 BC.
8 What is the name of the science of sound?
 Answer: Acoustics 
The science of the production, transmission and capture of the effects of sound is called acoustics. The
pitch of sound can be measured in wavelengths. High-frequency (short-wavelength) sound waves are known as
overtones. If a sound is higher frequency than can be heard in human hearing it is called ultrasound, or
ultrasonic waves. Some uses of ultrasonic waves are in motion detection and prenatal imaging.
9 The winner of the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics is arguably the most famous physicist of all time. Ironically,
he won not for his work on relativity, but his work on the photoelectric effect. Who was this genius?
Answer: Einstein 
In 1905, his "miracle year", Einstein would publish four papers that revolutionized physics. Building on
the work of Max Planck, Einstein established the existence of photons, particles of light that conveyed energy.
The theories of Einstein created the basis for modern electronics and laid the foundations for the field of
quantum mechanics. Not bad for a guy with dyslexia.
10 Friction seems to play a role in just about everything, and it certainly plays a part in bowling a strike. Which
of these, for most bowlers, creates the most kinetic friction with the bowling ball?
 Your hand  Itself
 The pins  The lane
Answer: The lane 
True, your hand and the pins both have a bit of friction with the bowling ball, however, the lane and the
bowling ball have the most friction between them. Kinetic friction is the rubbing of two items together which
slows the objects down. In this case, the bowling ball is moving forward, though the lane is rubbing against the
bowling ball, slowing it down.
Of course, each lane is different in terms of the amount of friction it has on the bowling ball. A well
polished and oiled lane has much less friction on the bowling ball than a lane that is perhaps very old and
worn, with no polish and very dry. In such a lane the friction will be greater.

11 We all know that the Earth is locked into orbit around the sun thanks to gravity, but exactly how far does the
force of gravity go?
Answer: An infinite distance, but at some point you won't notice it anymore. 
Even though the effects of gravity technically go on forever, we can talk about 'escaping' it, meaning that
we are far enough away that we don't notice it anymore. The 'escape velocity' for a planet (like Earth) is
determined using calculus to account for the infinite range of gravity. Amazingly, gravity is actually the
weakest known force, even though it holds massive planets firmly in its grasp!
12 "Hey babe, you want to spend some time together? Let's get on a space shuttle together and travel near the
speed of light, so that the time runs extra slow." Which physicist might have adapted his theory of special
relativity into that pick-up line?
Answer: Albert Einstein 
Albert Einstein revolutionized the scientific community in 1905, his "Annus Mirabilis", when he published
four papers discussing, respectively, the photoelectric effect, Brownian motion, special relativity, and the
equivalence of mass and energy. Unfortunately, Einstein was already married to his first wife, Mileva Maric,
by 1905, so it's unlikely that he actually used this pick-up line on her. However, Maric was a physics instructor
in her own right, and some recent claims by modern historians even suggest that she might have aided her
husband in the mathematical calculations behind his best-known discoveries.
Fortunately, Einstein's special relativity didn't require too much mathematical basis. (His other ideas do.)
The underlying premise of his theory is that the speed of light is the same in every direction, in every inertial
reference frame (the point-of-view of a person traveling at a constant speed). In a nutshell, here's how it works:
Imagine you're driving on the highway at 60 miles per hour, and your friend is just standing by the side of
the road. Suddenly, a car comes racing down the road at 60 mph in the opposite direction. Compared to your
friend, the car heading in the opposite direction appears to be traveling much more quickly, since you're
moving forward at the same time.
Now imagine the same situation, but you're in space, and a star suddenly explodes. You're in a spaceship
traveling very quickly toward the star, and your friend is not moving. From your vantage point, you may think
that the light would appear to speed up, compared to your friend, who's not moving. But that's not what
happens. Instead, your measurements of time and distance change so that the measured speed of light is exactly
the same. When you travel near the speed of light, time seems to slow down.
13 I am pushing on this boulder, but it will not budge. It must be magically glued to the ground. But that's not
magic, it's physics. Which of these laws makes the most sense for the rock not moving?
 Thermodynamic Laws  Ideal Gas Law
 Conservation Law  Laws of Motion
Answer: Laws of Motion 

14 When you listen to music, you are actually listening to a series of sounds created by the musician. Sound can
be heard by humans when it occurs within a certain frequency range. What is the unit of measurement used to
express the frequency range of sound?
Answer: Hertz 
What in the world is frequency and what is this business of a hertz? Well, frequency is simply the number
of times that something happens over a known period of time. Hertz is the unit of measurement used to describe
frequency, expressed as the number of times something happens in one second.
Suppose you stretch a rubber band between two nails that have been hammered into a board. If you pluck that
rubber band, it will vibrate back and forth. The number of times that happens in one second would be its hertz.
If it vibrates 40 times in one second, you could say that the rubber band had a frequency of 40 hertz. 40 hertz is
within the hearing range of human beings, typically stated as 12 hertz to 20 kilo-hertz, so you would be able to
hear the vibrations of the band.
15 X-Rays are:
 Directly ionizing radiation  De-ionizing radiation
 Non-ionizing radiation  Indirectly Ionizing Radiation

Answer: Indirectly Ionizing Radiation 

X-rays are indirectly ionizing radiation, as they firstly interact with matter by transferring its energy to
electrons. The electrons are then free to roam and ionize tissue, causing damage to cells.
16 What is the SI unit of weight?
Answer: newtons 
Weight is defined as the amount of force that gravity exerts on an object. The SI unit of force is the newton.
The pound is also a measure of force, but it is not SI. Grams and kilograms both measure mass, NOT weight.
17 The "centre of gravity" is the position at which all of an object's weight appears to be acting. If the "centre of
gravity" passes through the base of an object, the object is said to have a stable equilibrium. Which of these can
be described as having a neutral equilibrium?
 A traffic cone  A glass of water
 A rope  A tennis ball
Answer: A tennis ball 
An object with neutral equilibrium always has its "centre of gravity" passing through its base. 
If an object's "centre of gravity" wasn't to pass through its base it would simply fall over.
18 Mathematics is the language of physics, illuminating the relationships between concepts as nothing else can.
One particularly useful tool is the ability to compute the rate at which a variable is changing its value. With this
tool, we can calculate the velocity of an object once we know its trajectory, and its acceleration once we know
its velocity. What is the name of this mathematical operation?
Answer: Derivative 
Taking the "derivative", or instantaneous rate of change, of a function is a crucial part of any physicist's
toolbox and is one of the most fundamental operations of calculus. Let's look at a simple example to show how
useful it can be.
Suppose that you throw a ball straight up into the air and you want to understand its motion. With a ruler
and a fast camera, you realize that you can describe its height x as a function of the time t since you threw the
ball: x(t) = h0 + v0*t - 0.5*g*t^2. Here, h0 is the height from which you released the ball, v0 is the initial
velocity you gave it, and g is the gravitational constant where you performed the experiment.
The first derivative of x(t) is the rate at which the position changes -- the velocity. This works out to v(t) =
v0 - g*t. At t=0, the moment of release, the ball has exactly the same velocity you gave it, but with each passing
moment its upward speed is more and more reduced by the force of gravity. At its greatest height, v0 = g*t and
the ball has no velocity at all -- and then it starts moving downward.
The second derivative of x(t) is also the first derivative of v(t): the rate at which the velocity changes,
otherwise known as the acceleration. This works out to a(t) = -g, which makes perfect sense: since we're
neglecting drag, gravity is the only force acting on the ball during its motion, and it produces a constant
downward (negative) acceleration. See how handy derivatives can be?
19 A basic electromagnet consists of a coil of wire and a battery. Which of the following is NOT a way to
increase the strength of the electromagnet?
 Add an iron core  Add more turns
 Increase the current  Alternate the current
Answer: Alternate the current 
Electromagnets have many uses and are all around us. They are found in electric motors, loudspeakers
and door bells. Very powerful ones are used in industry to lift and move large metal objects such as vehicles in
a scrap yard.
20. Time travel (traveling to the past or future) has been a popular theme in film and fiction. Albert Einstein
offered a groundbreaking theory that gives some scientific possibility to actual time travel. What theory is this?
Answer: Special Relativity Theory 
According to the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC), Einstein's Special Relativity Theory can be
summed up with two major points: "the speed of light is the same for all observers" and "physics is the same
for all inertial observers". Many scientists use Einstein's theory to argue that time travel is possible, if not
probable, based upon the laws of physics.
21. The "center of mass" is a powerful concept for understanding the way that complicated objects move,
hugely simplifying calculations of momentum and force. How do you calculate the center of mass of a group of
objects?
Answer: Take the average of the objects' positions, weighted by their masses. 
The center of mass of a group of objects is a point located at the mass-weighted average position of those
objects. It's very useful in determining the motion of the system, which can often be very complicated (think, for
example, of buckshot fired from a shotgun). Instead of individually calculating the momentum of each object,
you can find the momentum of the system by multiplying its total mass by the velocity of the center of mass --
only one calculation! Similarly, the total force on the system can be calculated from the total mass and the
center of mass's acceleration.
We can also calculate the center of mass of a continuous system -- such as a sports car or a figure skater --
using an integral to calculate the average, rather than a sum. (An integral allows you to add up infinitesimally
small pieces.) An athlete's center of mass changes depending on his or her posture, and need not be located
within the body at all -- making possible maneuvers like the Fosbury Flop. High jumpers can thus clear the bar
without ever bringing their centers of mass above it, simply by bending their bodies to keep those centers low!
22. Extension is the physical property which can also be phrased as the change in length (delta length). If the
extension of an object is divided by the original length of the same object, what is being measured?
Answer: Strain 
The full equation is; 'strain = extension / original length'. By deriving units it is found that strain doesn't
actually have a unit. By dimensional analysis, extension is measured in metres and length is also measured in
the SI unit, metres. This is saying it is (m / m = m^1 x m^-1 = m^0 = 1). Though, sometimes for clarification,
strain is sometimes given a percentage value.
So, you can gather from the equation that strain is the quantification of how a force has extended (or
compressed) the length of an object.

23 Let's start with a word that will give us some momentum! Suppose we want to make a conversion between
two inertial reference frames -- say, between an observer on the ground and an observer on a moving train, a
common situation when studying special relativity. Which of these words describes that conversion?
 Bottleneck  Breit transfer
 Baryon  Boost
Answer: Boost 
A boost, also known as a Lorentz transformation after an early 20th-century physicist, is a quick way of
converting data from one inertial reference frame into data that makes sense in another. Since one of the basic
principles of special relativity is that all inertial (that is, not accelerating) reference frames experience the
same laws of physics, boosts are a powerful physics tool: problems that are hard in one reference frame are
often mathematically much easier in another reference frame! Particle physicists use this trick a lot when
working at accelerators; they'll speak of boosting between the "lab frame" (the frame in which the accelerator
is stationary) and the "rest frame" of the accelerated particles (in which the particles are stationary).
Working through several problems with these boosts is an indispensable way to understand length
contraction, time dilation and other bizarre phenomena of relativistic motion.
24 Isaac Newton, a famous English physicist, came up with three extremely important laws, which are known
as Newton's laws of _________? What word fills in the blank?
Answer: Motion 
These laws are 1; A body will remain at rest or travelling at a constant velocity unless acted upon by an
unbalanced external force (i.e. unless they are hit by something). 2; If something is hit by another object, the
change in its velocity will be proportional to the size of the force with which it was hit, and will move in the
direction of the force. And 3; For every force (or action) there is an equal or opposite force (or reaction).
Newton also did important work in the area of gravity (his incident with the apple is very famous), but it is a
little known fact that he actually wrote more on religion than he did on natural science!
25 Wilhelm Wien (1864-1928) was a German physicist who received the 1911 Nobel Prize in Physics for
shedding light on a vexing issue. For decades, physicists had sought to understand the laws of heat radiation --
the light emitted by thermal objects. But such an object emits light at all wavelengths, not just at one
wavelength, and understanding these spectra proved a difficult problem. Luckily, Wien was able to develop his
eponymous displacement law, which relates the peak wavelength -- the emitted wavelength with the greatest
intensity -- to what characteristic of the object emitting it?
Answer: Its temperature 
The heat radiation of objects is more famously known as blackbody radiation; in nature, a perfect black
body is one that absorbs all the light that strikes it, so that its thermal radiation makes up all the light observed
to come from it. Perfect black bodies don't exist in nature, but there are objects (such as stars) that come close.
Before Wien's 1893 paper, physicists had managed to determine a theoretical model for blackbody radiation
(still considered a triumph of thermodynamics) and relate the total radiation to the body's temperature -- but
an understanding of the spectrum (the distribution of energy emitted at each wavelength of light) remained
elusive.
Enter Wilhelm Wien, who (as Max von Laue would later breathlessly write) "led us to the very gates of
quantum physics." In 1893, after an incredible amount of effort, Wien published a strikingly simple formula.
The wavelength (in meters) of the peak of a blackbody spectrum was equal to a constant (about 0.003 meter-
Kelvin) divided by the black body's temperature (in Kelvin). Suddenly, spectral analysis grew up. Simply by
looking at the light from a star, scientists could determine its temperature, which led to an understanding of the
stages of a star's life. By measuring the human body temperature, scientists could determine that living people
emit light in the far infrared, information which is now the basis of night vision goggles. In 1894 he developed
a law for short-wavelength blackbody radiation -- and the challenge of extending it to longer wavelengths
inspired Max Planck to begin the first investigations of quantum mechanics.
Wien, a skilled experimentalist as well as a theoretician, also helped to identify the proton and to develop
the principles of mass spectroscopy. He received the Nobel Prize in the prime of his scientific life.
26 We'll start with a familiar concept: momentum! An object's linear momentum is simply its mass times its
speed; the greater the momentum, the greater the force needed to change it. Now consider an object moving in
a circle -- a Ferris wheel, for example, or the rim of a record, or even the Earth itself! Which of these quantities
is an extension of the linear momentum concept to motion along a curved path?
 Adamson momentum  All-around momentum
 Axial momentum  Angular momentum
Answer: Angular momentum 
Angular momentum is analogous in many ways to linear momentum. It's conserved (that is, it remains
constant) in the absence of an external torque, and it's related to the mass of a particle and to its angular
speed. Represented by the letter L for historical reasons, it is defined by the relation L = r x p (that is, the
angular momentum is equal to the cross product of the particle's distance from the origin with its linear
momentum). Note that the angular momentum changes depending on how you look at it: you must pick the
system's origin intelligently!
Incidentally, that equation gives a clue as to why a doorknob is located on the far side of the door from the
hinge. You're applying force to the edge of the door, and the further the distance r from the axis of rotation, the
greater the angular momentum and the faster the door swings. Try pushing a door closed from a point near the
hinge, and you'll see that it's not quite as efficient!
27 Which instrument is used to measure gas pressure?
Answer: A manometer 
The manometer is a u-tube containing liquid used to measure gas pressure against atmospheric pressure.
One end of the tube is joined to the gas supply which is then turned on. If the pressure of the gas is high,
mercury is used. If the pressure of gas is low water is used to give a more accurate measurement.
28 The first-ever Nobel Prize in Physics went to Wilhelm Conrad R�ntgen (1845-1923) the discoverer of a
phenomenon that wasn't yet completely understood, but had already proved its usefulness. These "X-rays" - or
"R�ntgen rays," as his admirers called them - could pass through wood, cloth or muscle, but were stopped by
metal or bone. This allowed images to be taken of bones and bullets without opening up the unfortunate
patient! At the time of the prize ceremony in 1901, X-rays had been described in detail but had never been
explained. So what is an X-ray, anyway?
Answer: An X-ray is light that is more energetic than visible light. 
Basically, light can be understood as being made up of particles - photons - that are nothing more than
bundles of energy. Each photon carries a distinct energy, which defines its wavelength and hence its color; the
full range of possible photon energies defines the electromagnetic spectrum, which runs from radio waves at
the low-energy end, to the visible range that our eyes can see, all the way up to ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma
rays. 
Visible light has a relatively low energy, and it doesn't take a very dense material to block it; at higher
energies, X-rays pass right through skin, muscle and fat, and are stopped only by higher-density objects like
bones and metal. An X-ray image is all about the contrast between high-density and low-density areas, which
is why images of organs can be taken if they're first injected with a relatively high-density substance like
iodine.
R�ntgen, a German physicist, discovered the X-ray in 1895 while performing experiments with vacuum
tubes. He was one of many working in the field; it was good luck (and good experimental instincts) that got him
there first.
29 Which physicist became more famous for his cat than for his equation?
Answer: Erwin Schrodinger 
Schr�dinger's cat was a hypothetical experiment. In the experiment, a cat is in a small, sealed box with a
poisonous substance. This substance is sealed away from the cat, but will be released when a certain
radioactive element disintegrates.
Suppose you leave the box where it is. At any moment, you cannot tell whether the cat is dead or alive,
since if the element has disintegrated, the cat will be dead and if it didn't the cat will still be alive. Since there
is no way to know whether the element disintegrated, he argued, the cat will be in a state between dead and
alive until you open the box and thus take a measurement.
This experiment was proposed to counter critics, such as Einstein, and help them understand what
quantum theory was all about. Quantum theory states that properties of a particle are not known until you
measure them (thus the life or death of the cat). Therefore, quantum mechanics is a statistical theory in nature.
Einstein however, was convinced that a deterministic God did not play dice and hence the universe could not
be statistical. Therefor he did not agree to quantum mechanics as a final theory. Schr �dinger on his part,
countered with this experiment.
Unfortunately for Schr�dinger, his experiment is quantum physics on a wrong level. Quantum physics
only works at a submicroscopic level as a theory and hence should be only used for that. The cat for sure is
either dead or alive and its fate does not depend on a measurement (as the spin of an electron seems to do).
The macroscopic world is thus thought to be deterministic and the submicroscopic world indeterministic or
statistical.
30 You are driving on the freeway when you see a police car on the side of the road. Your speedometer broke,
so you don't know how fast you are going. What formula should you use to find out your speed?
Answer: Distance/Time 
You use the formula and find out you were going too fast. Good thing that you remembered it.
31 Which of these is true of X-rays, gamma rays, infra-red, ultra-violet and visible light?
 They are all damaging to health  They are all affected by a magnetic field
 They all have similar wavelengths  They all travel with the same speed in a vacuum

Answer: They all travel with the same speed in a vacuum 
They are all electromagnetic waves which travel at the same speed in vacuum.
32 Sir Isaac Newton, hmm . . . I've heard of him. Oh yeah, he's that guy who did which of these?
 Came up with those tasty Fig Newtons  Made the first trip to and from Atlantis
 Helped King Arthur find the Holy Grail  Came up with the Universal Law of Gravitation
Answer: Came up with the Universal Law of Gravitation 
Newton was born on Christmas Day.
33 How much time will an electric engine of 500W take to lift a mass of 50 kg through a distance of 5 metres?
(Potential Energy = Mass X g X Height ; Power = Work or Energy / Time)
Answer: 5 
 In this case, work done is the potential energy of the object.

34 If you apply twice the force on an object for twice the time, there will be a change in velocity that will be a
(an)....
 8 fold increase  none of above
 2 fold increase  4 fold increase
Answer: 4 fold increase 
Force times time is equal to mass times change in velocity so there will be a 4 fold increase.
35 What is the name of the tube used to produce x-rays?
Answer: Coolidge tube 
It is a device in which high speed electrons, produced from a filament and accelerated by a potential
difference, fall on a metal surface(usually a heavy metal)and emit an electron from the L-shell (i.e. the shell
with two electrons). This emission of an electon leaves a vacancy or hole in the atom which is filled by an
electon moving from a higher energy level which releases energy. This energy is X-ray.

36 Which of the these is the SI unit of the physical quantity which defines the rate of doing work?
 Joule  Kilowatt hour
 Kelvin  Watt
Answer: Watt 
The rate of doing work is called power, and the SI unit of power is the watt. The energy is defined as the
capacity of doing a work. The joule and kilowatt hour are units of energy. Th kelvin is the SI unit of
temperature.
37 Speaking of spinning, Suzie was practising her pirouettes (not easy for a seal at the best of times), and
wondered how she could make herself spin as fast as possible. Which of these suggestions would be most
effective?
 Crouch down into a small ball  Wear a weighted belt
 Hold her flippers out as wide as possible  Try to keep her body as erect as possible, with
all flippers close to the body

Answer: Try to keep her body as erect as possible, with all flippers close to the body 
The moment of inertia, which is what keeps you from spinning rapidly, is determined by the mass of the
spinning object, and how that mass is distributed - the farther it is from the central axis of rotation, the harder
it is to spin. Holding weights will increase her mass, while both crouching into a ball (instead of standing as
erect as possible) and extending her limbs will both increase the distance of parts of her body from the centre.
If you watch ballet dancers and figure skaters, you can see them control their speed with their arms and/or
legs, holding them close to spin faster, and extending them horizontally to slow down.
38 If an object is at rest on a flat surface, there is always gravity pulling down and the normal force pushing up.
Which force is greater?
Answer: They are equal 
If gravity was stronger, the object would be falling, and not at rest. If the normal force was stronger, the
object would be ascending, which is impossible.
39 What is the number of electrons present in the nucleus of an uranium atom having atomic number 92 and
mass number 238?
Answer: 0 
There are no electrons present in the nucleus of this, or any other, uranium atom as the nucleus of any
atom consists only of protons and neutrons. Electrons revolve around the nucleus in a fixed orbit.
40 A popular desk toy consists of a number of metal balls - usually five - suspended by two wires of equal
length from a metal frame, lightly touching each other. What is this toy called?
Answer: Newton's Cradle 
Newton's Cradle or Executive Ball Clicker is based on the principle of conservation of momentum. After
the first ball of a Newton's Cradle hits the second ball, its momentum is not lost but it is transferred to the
second ball, then the third ball, until it reaches the last ball and sets it to swinging motion. Then, the first and
last ball swing at nearly the same momentum while the middle balls seem stationary.
The first demonstration of this principle was made by French physicist and priest Edme Mariotte, in the
17th century.
41 An integral is the product of two quantities. What physical quantity is obtained when you take the integral of
a velocity function with respect to time?
Answer: displacement 
Multiplying the units of velocity and time (meters/second and seconds) results in meters - the unit for
displacement.
42 I've drawn X's and O's and squiggly lines until I'm blue in the face (might be those dry-erase fumes as well),
but the most important components good players understand is the part of physics that involves the study of
motion, known as what?
Answer: mechanics 
The study of mechanics involves how a physical body, like a football, is subjected to outside forces and/or
displacement (like a cut block tackle). The word "mechanics" comes from the Greek, and was extensively
developed by the Greek philosophers Aristotle and Archimedes (no, they didn't play for the Green Bay
Packers). Progression in the field brought us the work of Sir Isaac Newton and his three laws of motion, the
stuff of football legends.
43 What do we call a solid whose arrangement of atoms and molecules has no definite pattern?
Answer: Amorphous 
The atoms and the molecules of a solid can be amorphous or crystalline. 
An amorphous structure, almost always, is basically a random structure. Many a physics textbook will have as
an example that an amorphous solid does not have a lattice-like pattern of atoms and molecules. A crystalline
form of the atoms of a solid has a more orderly structure.
The word amorphous comes from the Greek meaning having no shape.
44 What Nobel Prize-winning physicist was Niels Bohr working with when he made the discoveries that led to
his 1922 Nobel Prize for physics?
Answer: Sir Joseph J Thompson 
 Bohr worked with Joseph Thomson in Manchester in 1911 and 1912. His experiments there led Bohr to
discover the structure of hydrogen atoms. Thompson had won the Nobel in 1906 for his work with cathode ray
tubes that led to the discovery of the electron. While Bohr's theory has been superseded by more complex
explanations of the motion of atoms, a century later his model is still used to teach introductory students about
the nature of atomic structure.
45 Bowling pins are shaped in a certain way so they are more stable and less likely to fall over if gently hit.
This is because of their center of gravity, which is located where in the pin?
Answer: Near the bottom 
The center of gravity of a standard tenpin is very low, which makes it harder to knock over when hit (this is
also why they wobble without falling over). If the center of gravity was near the top, they would fall over much
more easily. Imagine a water bottle with a little bit of ice stuck at the very bottom. It is fairly sturdy and doesn't
knock over easily. Flip it over, and now all the weight is at the top of the bottle, and you can knock it down
easily, perhaps even with a small blow.
The same thing applies to the bowling pins. With the majority of the weight near the ground, the center of
gravity is low, making it difficult to knock over.
46 Speaking of gravity, what is the name for an object with so much mass that the gravitational force is
generally believed to be too great to allow anything, even light, to 'escape'?
Answer: Black hole 
Most astrophysicists now believe that a super-massive black hole sits at the center of nearly every galaxy
in the universe!
47 "Hey babe, I feel like my whole world is revolving around you. I keep going round and round, but you're
always the focus of my path." Which astronomer might have attempted to meet a date using that simplified
expression of his first law of planetary motion?
Answer: Johannes Kepler 
Johannes Kepler, sixteenth-century German astronomer and mathematician, is mostly known today for his
three laws of planetary motion. In addition to those discoveries, he studied optics and formulated a new type of
telescope, like his scientific contemporary Galileo Galilei. And despite my joshing, he was indeed married.
Kepler's three laws describe the movement of bodies subject to a central gravitational force. He had
already accepted the Copernican assertion that the Sun lay at the center of the Solar System, and he used the
data from his predecessor Tycho Brahe to make broad claims about planetary orbits. His first law runs
contrary to popular expectations and states that planetary orbits are elliptical (ovular), not circular. The Sun
lies at one of the foci of the orbit. 
Kepler's second law states that "equal areas are swept on in equal amounts of time", or, the further away
from the Sun a planet is, the slower it will move. This fact is actually a consequence of a fact that angular
momentum, an important quantity for rotational dynamics, remains the same all around the orbit. 
Finally, the third law of Kepler states that the radius of a planet's orbit, cubed, is proportional to the
period of its revolution, squared, which can be used to estimate the time it takes for a planet to go around the
Sun.
48 I had to change the batteries in the remote control, so I grabbed a screwdriver and began unscrewing the
screw. Like magic, the screw began coming out! But wait, it's not magic, it's what concept of physics?
Answer: Moment (torque) 
Moment, also called torque, is the rotating around an axis, fulcrum, or pivot. It can be thought of as a
twist. Examples include pivoting in basketball, where you are 'twisting' around the joint in the leg, playing on a
seesaw (fulcrum), or turning a screwdriver (axis).

49 Sound has to vibrate through the air or some sort of solid material in order for it to be heard. What is the
name of the material that sound passes through to reach your ear drums?
Answer: Medium 
In order for sound to be generated, the sound waves must be passed from one molecule to the next,
vibrating each one on its way from the source to your ear. The material that contains these molecules is called
the medium.
Imagine this, you have a rack containing 12 steel ball bearings packed tightly together. If you place your
finger on one end and tap the other end with a hammer, you should be able to feel the vibrations on your
finger. This is because the vibrations pass through each ball until you can feel it on your end. Sound acts in the
same way. That's also why you can lose sound over distance. There isn't enough force to stimulate all of the
molecules between a sound source and your ear so the sound becomes lost. Shouting has much more sound
force than whispering does, so shouting will vibrate more molecules through air which will increase the
distance it can be heard.
50 In radiation therapy, how are X-rays different from gamma rays?
Answer: They are man made. 
Gamma rays and X-rays are both ionizing radiation consisting of highly energetic photons. The distinction
between them is that gamma rays are produced as a result of nuclear decay of a radioactive element, and X-
rays are produced by accelerating a beam of electrons at a metal target using high voltages. Both have no
charge, do the same damage to tissue (assuming they have the same energy of course), and pass through water
quite easily.
51 Which of the following is a valid unit for measuring the amplitude of light?
 watts  meters per second
 candelas  volts per meter
Answer: volts per meter 
Volts per meter is the measure of the strength of an electric field, which is one of the components of light
(light is an electromagnetic wave).
52 What is measured in Nm (Newton metres) and is defined as the force multiplied by the perpendicular
distance from a point?
Answer: A moment 
Moments cause a turning effect (known as a torque) if the object the force is applied to is pivoted and the
force is applied at a perpendicular distance from the pivot.
53 The concept of "damping" is important not only for first-year physics students, but also for a wide range of
applications. It has to do with oscillations: periodic, back-and-forth motions, like a pendulum or a mass on a
spring. Which of these is the best description of what damping does?
 It increases the size of an oscillation -- its frequency
amplitude
 It stops the oscillating object dead in its tracks
 It increases the speed of an oscillation -- its
 It reduces the size of an oscillation -- its
 amplitude
Answer: It reduces the size of an oscillation -- its amplitude 
An ideal oscillation goes on forever, each time the same as the time before: pull down a mass on a spring,
and it will bounce back and forth between the same two spots. In the real world, however, oscillations are
damped. There's friction. There's drag. There's metal fatigue. All these things make the system lose energy, so
the size of the oscillation gets smaller and smaller. 
But damping can also be useful if you want to stop an oscillation quickly once it's started. Shock absorbers
on cars, for example, are designed to damp the oscillations that start with every bump on the road. There's no
need for damping to dampen your spirits!
54 Sound travels at different speeds through different materials. Which of the listed materials allows sound to
travel through it at the fastest speed?
Answer: Steel 
Sound travels through an object by transferring between molecules. The speed of the sound is dependent
on how tight the bonds between the molecules are. The less 'elastic' a material is, the faster the sound moves.
For the quoted examples the relevant speeds are: steel, 5100 m/s (meters per second); gold, 3240 m/s; water,
1493 m/s; air, 343 m/s. Diamond allows sound to travel at 12000 m/s which equates to 27000 mph.
55 Kevin Bonsor published which book in 2000, relating to time travel?
Answer: How Time Travel Will Work 
The speed of light "is believed to be the highest speed at which something can travel" (Kevin Bonsor,
"How Time Travel Will Work," October 2000). Based on the theory of relativity, if a person traveled close to
the speed of light, time would slow down for the person relative to that of others on Earth.
56 If you're keeping "current" with electrodynamics, you are no doubt familiar with the concept of "charge." An
intrinsic quality of matter, it gives rise to electromagnetic forces -- including those that hold your body together
and keep your computer running. Let's consider particles that can exist as free particles in nature. What is the
smallest non-zero amount of charge that such a particle can carry?
Answer: The charge of a proton 
Charge is quantized, which means that it only comes in certain allowed values -- namely multiples of the
proton charge. (An electron has negative one times the proton charge; neutrons and neutrinos have zero times
the proton charge.) This realization was one of numerous world-changing physics discoveries of the twentieth
century; it is not coincidental that the word "quantized" resembles the phrase "quantum mechanics."
Quarks, the tiny particles that make up protons and neutrons, carry charge in units of 2/3 the proton
charge (e.g. the up quark) and of 1/3 the proton charge (e.g. the down quark). However, quarks cannot be
observed by themselves in nature. They obey a rule called "confinement": they can never appear without the
company of other quarks, in "composite" particles called hadrons. Quarks cannot even be isolated as free
particles in the lab, although with the right tools you can look at an individual quark inside a hadron.
57 Which scientist who made discoveries in this field is the following law named after? 'The extension (x) of an
object is proportional to the load (F)'.
Answer: Hooke 
Hooke's law states that the magnitude of the extension increases proportionally to an increase in the load.
This law can be notated in equation form as; 'F = kx', where 'F' stands for force (load), 'x' for extension and 'k'
is a constant value.
If this formula is changed so that the subject is k, you will end up with the following; 'k = F / x'. This is
known as the spring constant, or, sometimes the spring's stiffness.
 Just as an editorial note, the letters used in equations are generally interchangeable and, in this instance,
(x) for extension can be substituted with an (e) to represent the same thing.

58 Although the "battery" was once a mysterious and perplexing invention, it's now almost impossible to
imagine life without it. What is the primary function of an ideal battery in an electrical circuit?
Answer: It provides a DC voltage. 
A voltage is a difference in electrical potential between two parts of a circuit -- in this case, between the
positive and negative terminals of a battery. We can understand it as the amount of work per charge that needs
to be done in order to move charged particles (like electrons) across that potential difference. When we
connect one end of a circuit to one battery terminal, and the other end to the other terminal, the voltage across
the battery provides the "oomph" that makes electrons flow through the circuit, much like the role that water
pressure plays in making water flow through a pipe. A battery generates this voltage via chemical reactions in
its interior; rechargeable batteries use reversible chemical reactions, which can be run backwards when an
outside current is applied.
The voltage supplied by a battery is always DC (direct current) -- it is ideally a constant voltage (though it
will fall off from the advertised value as the battery starts to die). AC (alternating current) voltages are the type
that come out of wall outlets, oscillating between negative and positive extremes tens of times per second (the
exact frequency depends on the country's electrical standard). AC batteries don't exist.
59 The Nobel Prize for Physics in 2007 was jointly awarded to two men for separate studies on the same
phenomenon. What are the names of these two men?
 Peter Fert and Albert Grunberg  Peter Dupont and Albert Poserne
 Peter Poserne and Albert Dupont  Albert Fert and Peter Grunberg
Answer: Albert Fert and Peter Grunberg 
The prize was awarded for different studies conducted by both men into the phenomenon known as Giant
Magnetoresistance (or GMR for short). This is an entirely new physical effect in which very weak magnetic
changes are the cause of very significant changes in electrical resistance in one of these GMR circuits. This
technology is now used as standard in many computers to read information from hard disks.
60 Despite living and working in Sweden, Nils Gustaf Dal�n (1869-1937) was unable to receive the 1912
Nobel Prize in Physics in person. An engineer and an inventor, he is responsible for the modern, safe method of
shipping and storing acetylene (a highly explosive gas) -- but it was his ingenious sun valve that won him the
prize. To understand the workings of the sun valve, we need to know one thing: in general, what happens to a
metal as it absorbs sunlight?
Answer: It expands as it heats. 
As an object heats up, it absorbs energy -- in this case, electromagnetic energy (which is the nature of light
itself). This tends to speed up its constituent particles (the energy has to go somewhere!), which in turn means
that, on average, those particles are further apart: thermal expansion in action. (A few materials, such as
water, actually _contract_ when heated over small temperature ranges, but positive thermal expansion is far
more common.) The sun valve works by combining four metal rods in a glass tube. Three of the rods are
polished, so that they don't absorb much sunlight; the fourth is blackened, so that it absorbs nearly all the
sunlight that hits it. As it heats, it expands, closing the valve and shutting off the supply of fuel; when it cools, it
contracts, opening the valve and allowing the fuel to flow. This innovation allowed thousands of lighthouses
around the world to use acetylene and other fuels in a cost-effective way, eliminating the need for year-round,
on-station lighthouse keepers in many situations. The sensitivity of the valves could even be tuned so that the
valve would open not only at sunset, but also when fog or clouds made the sun too dim.
Dal�n spent most of his professional life working on applications for acetylene. Other scientists had had
the idea of dissolving acetylene in acetone fluid, which made it inert -- but there was always the chance that, as
the volume of acetone diminished (through temperature or pressure changes), explosive pockets of acetylene
might form between the top of the liquid and the top of the container. Dal�n's invention of Agamassan
(nicknamed Aga) solved the problem: Aga is a porous, elastic material that fills up the remaining space in the
container and prevents the acetylene from forming dangerous concentrations.
Sadly, despite his monumental contributions to safety, Dal�n was gravely injured in an acetylene
explosion in 1912, while testing safety devices on transport containers; his long convalescence prevented him
from accepting his prize in person. Though he recovered well, he never regained his sight -- which did not stop
him from continuing to invent applications for acetylene. Cutting-edge science is all too often dangerous work.
61 You might hear rocket scientists discussing this word, which describes an orbit's farthest point from Earth.
What is it?
Answer: Apogee 
"Apogee" comes from the ancient Greek words "apo" (meaning "far" or "away") and ge/Gaia, meaning
"earth." An orbit's closest approach to Earth is its perigee. These terms only refer to orbits around the Earth,
of course! When discussing orbits around the Sun, you might mention aphelion (furthest approach to the Sun)
and perihelion (closest approach to the Sun); for orbits around other stars, the terms are apastron and
periastron.
62 What is the function of a capacitor?
Answer: It stores electrical energy. 
A capacitor is a device which stores electric charge. A capacitor consists of two plates made of an
electrically conducting material and separated by a non-conducting material such as mica, paper or air.
63 Two Dutch physicists -- Hendrik Antoon Lorentz (1853-1928) and Pieter Zeeman (1865-1943) -- shared the
1902 prize for the discovery and explanation of the Zeeman effect. Zeeman had noticed that the spectral lines
of an atom -- which allow the atom's energy states to be probed -- would split into multiple lines in the presence
of a magnetic field. Lorentz realized what this meant: the magnetic field was breaking a degeneracy. What does
it mean to have degenerate energy states?
Answer: Two or more states share the same energy, despite being physically different. 
In the late nineteenth century, scientists measuring atomic emission spectra -- the range of light emitted
from a certain type of atom -- realized that, instead of looking like rainbows, the spectra consisted of narrow
lines at particular wavelengths that were the same for each type of atom. The locations, widths and separations
of these lines were carefully catalogued, but their origins were unknown. We now understand that the spectral
lines represent the energy difference between different electron states (since a photon is emitted when an
electron drops in energy), but it was a grand mystery at the time: electrons had barely been discovered, and
atomic nuclei were totally unknown!
Zeeman observed a curious effect: a single spectral line would split into two or more closely spaced lines
in the presence of a magnetic field. He went to his colleague Lorentz, a theorist who was also instrumental in
developing special relativity -- and who had proposed these experiments himself. Lorentz had been working on
incorporating electrons into classical electrodynamics, and he came up with a clever explanation for the
phenomenon: electrons were oscillating back and forth inside the atom, giving off light in the process, and a
magnetic field disturbed their paths and changed the frequency of the light. The field split the degeneracy,
inducing a slight energy change in the different oscillations that made them just distinguishable from each
other. The theory was beautiful, although we now know that it is incorrect. Nevertheless, it was very fruitful as
the basis for the investigations that would eventually lead to quantum mechanics and a true understanding of
emission spectra.
This was the first Nobel Physics Prize to be split between two people, and the committee consequently took
pains to prove that their decision was "not only justified, but just," observing that this project represented a
perfect marriage between theory and experiment.
64 What was Albert Einstein's first Nobel prize all about?
Answer: The photo-electric effect 
It was for one of the first breakthroughs in quantum mechanics that Einstein generally got accepted as a
genius. In his paper, published in 1905, he describes the effects of a light bundle on metals. It is one of the
cornerstones of Quantum Physics. He was one of the first persons to make use of the quantization of energy,
which was thought to be continuous until then. The Nobel Prize was awarded in 1921.
Ironically, he fought the theory which he contributed to until his death.
65 You want to measure how fast an object is moving. Which unit of measurement can be used for measuring
speed?
 Miles/hour  Kilometers/second
 Kilometers/hour  All of these
Answer: All of these 
The only difference between the units is that they use different systems of measurement.
66 A copper plate is heated to 100 degrees centigrade, and then cools by emitting radiation predominantly of
which type?
Answer: infra-red radiation 
Hot bodies emit most of their heat radiation in the form of short wavelength infra-red rays.
67 Now it gets a bit tougher. When dealing with magnetic fields, what does the A stand for in the equation
{ Torque = NIAB sin 90 }?
Answer: Area 
N = number of turns, I = current, B = Magnitude of the magnetic field.

68 A car speeds up from 54 km/hr to 90 km/hr in 2 sec. Calculate its acceleration. (Acc. = Change in velocity /
Time ; Use 1 km/hr = 5/18 m/s)
Answer: 5 
54X5/18 = 15 and 90X5/18 = 25. So Acc = 10/2 = 5 m/s/s

69 The amount of kinetic energy an object has depends upon what factors?
Answer: mass and velocity 
Kinetic energy is one- half times mass times the velocity squared.

70 Whose principle states that an experiment cannot simultaneously determine the exact component of
momentum and position?
Answer: Heisenberg
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 1
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following scientists was awarded the Nobel Prize in
1911 for the discovery of the radioactive elements, radium and polonium?
w) John Dalton
x) Dmitri Mendeleev
y) Emil Fischer
z) Marie Curie
ANSWER: Z -- MARIE CURIE
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Who was awarded a Nobel Prize in 1911 for the discovery of the
radioactive elements, radium and polonium?
ANSWER: D -- MARIE CURIE
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following pairs of German scientists discovered the
atomic fission of uranium and set the stage for the nuclear age?
w) Hahn and Strassman
x) Nernst and Planck
y) Ostwald and Heisenberg
z) Bohr and Rutherford
ANSWER: W -- HAHN AND STRASSMAN
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Name the person who developed a table of elements which revealed
regularities in elemental properties in 1869?
w) Theodore Richards
x) Antoine Lavoisier
y) Dmitri Mendeleev
z) Svante Arrhenius
ANSWER: Y -- DMITRI MENDELEEV
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Name the person who developed a table of elements which revealed
regularities in elemental properties?
ANSWER: DMITRI MENDELEEV
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 2
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Who was the first American chemist to receive a Nobel Prize? He
was selected in 1914 for his precise determination of atomic weights.
w) Edward Frankland
x) Theodore Richards
y) John Bardeen
z) Paul Dirac
ANSWER: X -- THEODORE RICHARDS
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: How many electrons can occupy an s orbital?
w) one
x) two
y) three
z) four
ANSWER: X -- TWO
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy an s
orbital?
ANSWER: TWO
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a necessary characteristic for electrons that
share an s orbital?
w) coplanar spins
x) parallel spins
y) opposite spins
z) none of these
ANSWER: Y -- OPPOSITE SPINS
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following terms refers to the number of molecules or
ions attached to a central metallic atom?
w) coordination number
x) connection number
y) bonding number
z) none of these
ANSWER: W -- COORDINATION NUMBER
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 3
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following pairs do NOT show similar chemical
properties?
w) fluorine-argon
x) beryllium-aluminum
y) boron-silicon
z) lithium-magnesium
ANSWER: W -- FLUORINE-ARGON
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the common name for calcium oxide, CaO?
ANSWER: QUICKLIME (LIME)
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following terms refers to a material which slows
neutrons?
w) retarder
x) moderator
y) buffer
z) bottleneck
ANSWER: X -- MODERATOR
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following refers to the scattering of light by colloidal
particles?
w) Rutherford effect
x) Tyndall effect (pron: tin-dahl)
y) Thompson effect
z) none of these
ANSWER: X -- TYNDALL EFFECT
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Who is accredited in the history of modern chemistry of proving that
neutrons existed?
ANSWER: JAMES CHADWICK
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 4
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following refers to an easily melted product of the
reaction between the flux and the impurities of an ore?
w) slag
x) slurry
y) slug
z) none of the above
ANSWER: W -- SLAG
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Name the thermodynamic state function that is a measure of
randomness.
ANSWER: ENTROPY
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What term is used to describe silver which contains 7.5% copper?
ANSWER: STERLING
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Name the state function that represents the heat content of a system.
ANSWER: ENTHALPY
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a physical property of crystalline
boron?
w) brown color
x) diamond hardness
y) brittleness
z) high electrical resistance
ANSWER: W -- BROWN COLOR (Crystalline boron is transparent.)
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which noble gas has the highest melting point ?
w) argon
x) krypton
y) xenon
z) radon
ANSWER: Z -- RADON
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 5
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The noble gases have low boiling points because:
w) their ionization potentials are very low
x) only weak Van der Waals forces hold the atoms together
y) they are produced by the fractional distillation of liquid air
z) they have eight electrons in the outer shell
ANSWER: X -- ONLY WEAK VAN DER WAALS FORCES HOLD THE ATOMS
TOGETHER
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: For which of the following classes of salts are all of its compounds
soluble in water?
w) sulfates
x) nitrates
y) hydroxides
z) chlorides
ANSWER: X -- NITRATES
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a general property of hydroxide
bases in aqueous solution?
w) High solubility
x) Bitter taste
y) Ability to neutralize aqueous acid solutions
z) Ability to change phenolphthalein from colorless to red
ANSWER: W -- HIGH SOLUBILITY (The hydroxides of the alkali metals are
soluble in water but all the other metal hydroxides are only moderately or sparingly soluble.)
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Aqua regia is:
w) concentrated nitric acid
x) a mixture of three parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid and one part concentrated
nitric acid
y) concentrated hydrochloric acid
z) a mixture of sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid
ANSWER: X -- A MIXTURE OF THREE PARTS OF CONCENTRATED
HYDROCHLORIC ACID AND ONE PART CONCENTRATED NITRIC ACID
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 6
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the common name given to a mixture of three parts of
concentrated hydrochloric acid and one part concentrated nitric acid?
ANSWER: AQUA REGIA
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: A solution with a pH of 12 is:
w) weakly acidic
x) strongly acidic
y) weakly basic
z) strongly basic
ANSWER: Z -- STRONGLY BASIC
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The halogen with the largest atomic radius is:
w) Cl
x) I
y) Br
z) At
ANSWER: Z -- At
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Which halogen has the largest atomic radius:
ANSWER: ASTATINE
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Compounds of iodine are NOT used for which of the following?
w) as a refrigerant
x) in photographic film
y) as an essential part of diet
z) as an antiseptic
ANSWER: W -- AS A REFRIGERANT
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 7
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Allotropic modifications of phosphorus include each of the
following EXCEPT:
w) red phosphorus
x) black phosphorus
y) white phosphorus
z) green phosphorus
ANSWER: Z -- GREEN PHOSPHORUS
CHEM-91; Short Answer: How many milligrams are in one metric carat?
ANSWER: 200 MILLIGRAMS
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What class of organic compounds is characterized by an -OH group
bonded to an alkyl group?
ANSWER: ALCOHOL
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following contain sp2 hybridized carbon atoms?
w) alkanes
x) alkenes
y) alkynes
z) cycloalkanes
ANSWER: X -- ALKENES
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following phrases is NOT appropriate for a
description of benzene?
w) characteristic reactivity of an alkene
x) volatile liquid
y) aromatic hydrocarbon
z) resonance hybridization
ANSWER: W -- CHARACTERISTIC REACTIVITY OF AN ALKENE
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 8
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT an aromatic hydrocarbon?
w) naphthalene
x) hexane
y) styrene
z) xylene
ANSWER: X -- HEXANE
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT an aliphatic hydrocarbon?
w) n-octane
x) propylene
y) n-tridecane
z) benzene
ANSWER: Z -- BENZENE
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a means of preparing carbon
dioxide?
w) burning coke in the absence of air
x) combustion of methane
y) heating certain normal carbonates
z) action of acids on carbonates
ANSWER: W -- BURNING COKE IN THE ABSENCE OF AIR
CHEM-91; Short Answer: After carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the next most abundant element
in proteins is:
ANSWER: NITROGEN
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: One of the following is NOT a lipid. Is it:
w) fats and oils
x) starches
y) steroids
z) waxes
ANSWER: X -- STARCHES
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 9
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which one of the following is NOT a vitamin?
w) ascorbic acid
x) niacin (pron: nI-eh-sen)
y) trypsin (pron: trip-sen)
z) riboflavin (pron: rye-bow-fla-vin)
ANSWER: Y -- TRYPSIN
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Of the following, which has units of "Pascal".
w) force
x) volume
y) pressure
z) viscosity
ANSWER: Y -- PRESSURE
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: A Poise is the unit of measure of which of the following?
w) pressure
x) viscosity
y) force
z) mass
ANSWER: X -- VISCOSITY
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following is the element represented by the symbol B?
w)Barium
x)Bismuth
y)Boron
z)Beryllium
ANSWER: Y -- BORON
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Which element is represented by the symbol B?
ANSWER: BORON
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the element represented by the symbol Rb?
ANSWER: RUBIDIUM
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 10
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the element represented by the symbol Sn?
ANSWER: TIN
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the element represented by the symbol Sr?
ANSWER: STRONTIUM
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: In the periodic table, which of the following identifies a horizontal
row?
w) period
x) group
y) family
z) series
ANSWER: W -- PERIOD
CHEM-91; Short Answer: In the periodic table, which term identifies a horizontal row?
ANSWER: PERIOD
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following describes the orientation of bonds in an sp3
hybridized atom?
w)triagonal
x)linear
y)tetrahedral
z)planar
ANSWER: Y -- TETRAHEDRAL
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Forces in ionic crystalline solids are primarily which of the
following?
w)covalent
x)electrostatic
y)Van der Waals
z)magnetic
ANSWER: X -- ELECTROSTATIC
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 11
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: In which of the following is the "octet rule" violated?
w) CO2
+
x) NH4 (read: N - H - 4 - plus)
2-
y) SO4 (read: S - O - 4 - 2 minus)
z) NO2
ANSWER: Z -- NO2
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Normality is defined as the number of:
w) moles of solute per 1000 grams of solvent
x) equivalent weights of solute per liter of solution
y) kilograms of solute per liter of solution
z) moles of solute per 1000 grams of solution
ANSWER: X -- EQUIVALENT WEIGHTS OF SOLUTE PER LITER OF
SOLUTION
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The oxidation number of N in NaNO2 is:
w) +5
x) +2
y) +3
z) -3
ANSWER: Y -- +3 (Accept 3)
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the oxidation number of nitrogen in NaNO2:
ANSWER: +3 (Accept 3)
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 12
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which one of the following atoms has two unpaired electrons in its
ground state:
w) Sodium
x) Calcium
y) Oxygen
z) Aluminum
ANSWER: Y -- OXYGEN
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: In which of the following compounds is the bonding most covalent?
w) NaCl
x) F2
y) MgS
z) Fe3C
ANSWER: X -- F2
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The elements in group 1A of the periodic table are called:
w) halogens
x) alkaline earths
y) alkali metals
z) rare earths
ANSWER: Y -- ALKALI METALS
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the family name given to the elements in group 1A of the
periodic table?
ANSWER: ALKALI METALS
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the name of the organic compound whose chemical name is
amygdalin (pron: a-MIG-da-lin) and is found in the pits of apricots and peaches?
ANSWER: LAETRILE
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 13
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Name the element discovered upon its extraction from pitchblende?
w) platinum
x) uranium
y) iridium
z) plutonium
ANSWER: X -- URANIUM
CHEM-91; Short Answer: All proteins contain at least 5 specific elements. Four of them are
carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen. What is the fifth element?
ANSWER: SULFUR
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Cinnabar, pyrite and galena are minerals which consist of one or
more metals combined with the same element. Which one of the following is the element that is
common to all three of these minerals? Is it:
w) iron
x) copper
y) sulfur
z) sodium
ANSWER: C-- SULFUR
CHEM-91; Multiple- choice: In a flame test, the presence of copper in a solution is evident by
what color flame? Is the flame
w) red
x) orange
y) indigo
z) blue-green
ANSWER: Z -- BLUE-GREEN
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 14
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Alpha rays are different from beta rays in one of the following
ways. Are they different since:
w) alpha rays are deflected in a magnetic field and beta rays are not
x) alpha rays are identical to the electron in mass, and beta rays are not
y) alpha rays have a positive charge and beta rays have a negative charge
z) alpha rays are produced within the nucleus and beta rays are produced outside the
nucleus
ANSWER: Y -- ALPHA RAYS HAVE A POSITIVE CHARGE AND BETA RAYS
HAVE A NEGATIVE CHARGE
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which one of the following statements is TRUE regarding the
molar heat capacity for the noble gases?
w) heat capacity decreases from Helium to Xenon
x) heat capacity increases from helium to argon
y) heat capacity increases from Helium to Argon, then decreases to Xenon
z) heat capacity is the same for all noble gases
ANSWER: Z -- HEAT CAPACITY IS THE SAME FOR ALL NOBLE GASES
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Of the following types of material, which is the one that is
heterogeneous? Is it:
w) quartz
x) feldspar
y) granite
z) mica
ANSWER: Y -- GRANITE
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following halogens does NOT replace the other
halogens from their compounds?
w) fluorine
x) iodine
y) bromine
z) chlorine
ANSWER: X -- IODINE
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 15
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Excluding Astatine, which halogen does NOT replace the other
halogens from their compounds?
ANSWER: IODINE
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The bond in hydrogen chloride is which of the following types? Is it
w) ionic
x) nonpolar covalent
y) polar covalent
z) covalent network
ANSWER: Y -- POLAR COVALENT
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The bond in Fluorine is which of the following types? Is it
w) ionic
x) nonpolar covalent
y) polar covalent
z) covalent network
ANSWER: X -- NONPOLAR COVALENT
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following concentration expressions is defined as the
number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent:
w) molarity
x) molality
y) normality
z) equivalents
ANSWER: X -- MOLALITY
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Among the following, the substance that is considered to be the
earliest stage in coal formation is:
w) sub-bituminous
x) bituminous
y) anthracite
z) lignite
ANSWER: Z -- LIGNITE
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 16
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: When an aldehyde is heated with Fehling's solution, the aldehyde
undergoes one of the following processes. Does it undergo:
w) neutralization
x) oxidation
y) reduction
z) esterification
ANSWER: X -- OXIDATION
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The hydrolysis of a fat using a solution of a strong hydroxide is
called:
w) neutralization
x) esterification
y) saponification
z) condensation
ANSWER: Y -- SAPONIFICATION
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: In the common dry cell, the zinc atoms are:
w) reduced at the cathode
x) oxidized at the cathode
y) oxidized at the anode
z) reduced at the anode
ANSWER: Y -- OXIDIZED AT THE ANODE
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: As one goes across a period in the periodic table, the ionization
energy generally increases for one of the following reasons. Is it because of the increasing
w) atomic radius
x) melting point
y) nuclear charge
z) density
ANSWER: Y -- NUCLEAR CHARGE
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 17
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following reactions involve NEITHER oxidation nor
reduction?
w) burning antimony in chlorine
x) decomposition of potassium chlorate
y) reaction of sodium with water
z) reaction of potassium hydroxide with nitric acid
ANSWER: Z -- REACTION OF POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE WITH NITRIC ACID
CHEM-91; Short Answer: In a flame test both lithium and strontium produce various shades of
this color. What is this color?
ANSWER: RED
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Who hypothesized that it would be impossible to know the exact
location and exact momentum of a particle at the same time? Was it:
w) Heisenberg
x) De Broglie
y) Planck
z) Schrodinger
ANSWER: A -- HEISENBERG
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Who hypothesized that it would be impossible to know the exact
location and exact momentum of a particle at the same time?
ANSWER: HEISENBERG
CHEM-91;Multiple Choice: Ammonia can be considered a Lewis base because it can donate:
w) electrons
x) protons
y) hydronium ions
z) hydroxide ions
ANSWER: A -- ELECTRONS
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 18
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Acids react with bases to form which of the following? Do they
form:
w) salt and acidic anhydride
x) water and basic anhydride
y) basic anhydride and salt
z) salt and water
ANSWER: D -- SALT AND WATER
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a metallic salt of a fatty acid? Is it:
w) soap
x) plastic
y) rubber
z) petroleum
ANSWER: A -- SOAP
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following choices are considered to be polymers of
amino acids? Are they:
w) nucleotides
x) carbohydrates
y) lipids
z) proteins
ANSWER: Z -- PROTEINS
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following pairs of compounds could NOT be used to
create a buffer solution? Would it be:
w) HCL and NaCl (read: H - C - L and N - A - C - L)
x) HCN and NaCN (read: H - C - N and N - A - C - N)
y) NH3 and NH4Cl (read: N - H - 3 and N - H - 4 - C - L)
z) HNO2 and NaNO2 (read: H - N - O -2 and N - A - N - O - 2)
ANSWER: W -- HCL AND NaCl (read: H - C - L and N - A - C - L)
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 19
CHEM-91; Short Answer: In a body-centered structure for cesium chloride how many nearest
neighbor chloride ions surround a cesium ion?
ANSWER: 8
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Metallic elements are often obtained from ores. Name the metallic
element which is produced from the ore Bauxite.
ANSWER: ALUMINUM
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Name any five of the six noble gases.
ANSWER: HELIUM, NEON, ARGON, KRYPTON, XENON, OR RADON
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Name any four alkali metals.
ANSWER: LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CESIUM, AND
FRANCIUM
CHEM-91; Short Answer: The element I am thinking about has several interesting
characteristics. It occupies the same column in the periodic table as lead. Resistors which are
commonly found in electronic circuits are often made out of this element. In addition, in one of
its forms, this element is one of the hardest substances on earth. What element am I thinking
about?
ANSWER: CARBON
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Give me the names, in order of increasing mass, of the four lightest
members the halogen family.
ANSWER: FLUORINE, CHLORINE, BROMINE, AND IODINE
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Ketones are organic compounds. Name the functional group that all
ketone molecules contain.
ANSWER: CARBONYL GROUP pr C DOUBLE BOND O
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 20
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Four of the lightest ten elements in the periodic table are solids at
standard temperature and pressure. Name these four elements.
ANSWER: LITHIUM, BERYLLIUM, BORON, CARBON
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following scientists first stated the law of conservation
of mass? Was it:
w) Lavoisier
x) Dalton
y) Proust
z) Boyle
ANSWER: W -- LAVOISIER
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following scientists explained the photoelectric effect?
Was it:
w) Einstein
x) Planck
y) Bohr
z) Chadwick
ANSWER: W -- EINSTEIN
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following scientists hypothesized that it would be
possible for particles to have wave-like properties ? Was it:
w) Planck
x) Heisenberg
y) Einstein
z) de Broglie
ANSWER: Z -- DE BROGLIE
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Who developed the equation that is used to determine the
PROBABILITY of finding the electron in any given place?
ANSWER: SCHRODINGER
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 21
CHEM-91; Short Answer: How many hydrogen atoms are there in the organic compound
1,1,2,2-tetrabromoethane (read: tetra - bromo - ethane)?
ANSWER: 2
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Give the empirical formula for the organic compound naphthalene?
ANSWER: C10H8
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The triple bond between the carbon atoms causes acetylene, C2H2,
to have which of the following shapes?
w) trigonal planar (pron: try-gon-al)
x) linear
y) tetrahedral
z) trigonal bipyramidal
ANSWER: X -- LINEAR
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the EMPIRICAL formula for glucose?
ANSWER: CH2O (read: C - H - 2 - O)
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following four elements has the largest atomic radius?
Is it:
w) strontium
x) francium
y) calcium
z) bromine
ANSWER: X -- FRANCIUM
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following odors does the ester, methyl salicylate,
produce? Is the odor that of:
w) cinnamon
x) avocado
y) orange
z) oil of wintergreen
ANSWER: D -- OIL OF WINTERGREEN
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 22
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What two chemical elements are found in sphalerite?
ANSWER: ZINC AND SULFUR (ZnS)
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Periclase is composed of what two elements?
ANSWER: MAGNESIUM AND OXYGEN (MgO)
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Who patented the common dry cell?
ANSWER: GEORGES LECLANCHÉ
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Ca(BrO3)2 (read: C - a, left parenthesis, B - r - O - subscript 3,
right parenthesis, subscript 2) is called:
w) calcium bromate
x) calcium bromite
y) calcium dibromite
z) calcium bromide
ANSWER: W -- CALCIUM BROMATE
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the common oxidation state of Radium?
ANSWER: +2 (read: Plus two)
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the pH of a solution that is 1000 times more acidic than pure
water?
ANSWER: 4
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following are saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons?
w) alkanes
x) alkenes
y) alkynes
z) nixanes
ANSWER: W -- ALKANES
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 23
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Sucrose, ordinary table sugar, may be classified as a:
w) Monosaccharide
x) Disaccharide
y) Polysaccharide
z) Oligosaccharide
ANSWER: X -- DISACCHARIDE
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Pure water is approximately what molar concentration:
w) .55 Molar
x) 5.5 Molar
y) 55 Molar
z) 550 Molar
ANSWER: Y -- 55 MOLAR
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The rate at which dissolution occurs is LEAST dependent upon
which one of the following factors:
w) temperature
x) pressure
y) solution concentration
z) solute surface area
ANSWER: X -- PRESSURE
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Name the person who developed a table of elements which revealed
regularities in elemental properties?
ANSWER: DMITRI MENDELEEV
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Who was the first American chemist to receive a Nobel Prize? He
was selected in 1914 for his precise determination of atomic weights.
w) Edward Frankland
x) Theodore Richards
y) John Bardeen
z) Paul Dirac
ANSWER: X -- THEODORE RICHARDS
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 24
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the word that describes a substance that reacts with both
strong acids and strong bases?
ANSWER: AMPHOTERIC
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Of the following, which has units of "Pascal".
w) force
x) volume
y) pressure
z) viscosity
ANSWER: Y -- PRESSURE
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the name of the point on a phase diagram which indicates the
temperature above which a gas cannot be converted to a liquid?
ANSWER: THE CRITICAL TEMPERATURE
CHEM-91; Short Answer: List the following atoms in order of increasing electron affinity:
oxygen, boron, and fluorine.
ANSWER: (1) BORON, (2) OXYGEN, (3) FLUORINE
CHEM-91: Short Answer: What name is given to the chemical elements with atom numbers 90
to 103, inclusively.
ANSWER: ACTINIDES or ACTINIDE SERIES
CHEM-91; Short Answer: The removal of two hydrogen atoms from an alcohol yie what type of
chemical substance?
ANSWER: ALDEHYDE
CHEM-91; Short Answer: I will be describing a chemical element. Try to identify it with the
fewest number of clues. This chemical element is a silver-white metal, with bluish tinge, capable
of taking a high polish. T element occurs abundantly in all ordinary rocks, except limestone and
sandstone; is third in abundance of the elements in the earth's crust and used to make drink cans.
The atomic number of this element is 13. Name t element.
ANSWER: ALUMINUM
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 25
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: All alloys contain this element if they are amalga The element is:
w) iron
x) mercury
y) gold
z) platinum
ANSWER: X -- MERCURY
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Azo (pron: A-zo) Compounds characteristically are compounds
containing the group:
w) C2
x) N2
y) O2
z) Cl2
ANSWER: X -- N2 (N = N)
CHEM-91; Short Answer: I will be describing a chemical element. Try to identify it with the
fewest number of clues. This element is a halogen wh is a liquid at standard conditions. The
element volatilizes readily at ro temperature to form a reddish vapor which is very irritating to the
eyes a flesh. The atomic number of this element is 35 and its chemical symbol is Br. Name this
element.
ANSWER: BROMINE
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Name the 5 elements of the periodic classification wh comprise the
Carbon Group.
ANSWER: CARBON, SILICON, GERMANIUM, TIN AND LEAD
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: This noncombustible liquid in its dry form is noncorrosive to
common metals except aluminum. About 90% of all of this material which is manufactured goes
into the production of chlorofluorocarbons. Is this substance:
w) carbon tetrachloride
x) methylene chloride
y) hydrogen chloride
z) methyl fluoride
ANSWER: W -- CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 26
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: A compound which contains two ring structures havi one common
carbon atom is known as a:
w) spiro-compound
x) nonpolar compound
y) interstitial compound
z) inner compound
ANSWER: W -- SPIRO-COMPOUND
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following elements would form an acid oxide with the
formula XO2 and an acidic compound with hydrogen with the formula XH2?
w) Sodium
x) Magnesium
y) Aluminum
z) Sulfur
ANSWER: Z -- SULFUR
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following would have the largest THIR ionization
energy? Is it:
w) Boron
x) Carbon
y) Nitrogen
z) Magnesium
ANSWER: Z -- MAGNESIUM
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: How many atoms of oxygen are in a glucose molecule
w) 2
x) 6
y) 10
z) 12
ANSWER: X -- 6
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 27
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following compounds contains a double bond?
w) butene
x) acetylene
y) butane
z) propane
ANSWER: W -- BUTENE
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: An alcohol is related to an ester as a hydroxide compound is related
to:
w) an acid
x) a ketone
y) an ether
z) a salt
ANSWER: Z -- A SALT
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: In any chemical reaction, a quantity that decrease to a minimum is:
w) free energy
x) entropy
y) temperature
z) enthalpy
ANSWER: W -- FREE ENERGY
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: It is believed that carbon-14 in nature is slowly generated by the
action of:
w) protons on carbon-12
x) electrons on hydrogen
y) cosmic rays on boron
z) neutrons on nitrogen
ANSWER: Z -- NEUTRONS ON NITROGEN
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: When water at 10!C is heated to 20!C, its internal energy:
w) changes by 10!C
x) is doubled
y) is less than doubled
z) is more than doubled
ANSWER: Y -- IS LESS THAN DOUBLED
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 28
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: In the filling of electron orbitals for the elemen sulfur, which has 16
electrons, the number of electrons in the 3p orbitals is:
w) 3
x) 4
y) 6
z) 0
ANSWER: X -- 4
CHEM-91; Short Answer: You have a solution of 5 molar Sodium Phosphate and n to prepare a
solution of 500 millimolar Sodium Phosphate. How much water would you add to 100 milliliter
of the original 5 molar solution to produc the 500 millimolar solution?
ANSWER: 900 MILLILITERS (or 0.9 LITERS)
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following is the weakest acid?
w) hydrochloric acid
x) hydrofluoric acid
y) sulfuric acid
z) nitric acid
ANSWER: X -- HYDROFLUORIC ACID
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Marie Curie shared the 1911 Nobel Prize in chemistry with two fellow
chemists. Name them.
ANSWER: PIERRE CURIE and (A. HENRI) BECQUEREL
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: A mystical substance supposedly released during combustion was
called:
w) thermal flax
x) ether
y) caloric
z) phlogiston (pron: flow-gis-ton)
ANSWER: Z -- PHLOGISTON
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 29
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Of the following liquids, which is most dense?
w) water
x) gasoline
y) acetone
z) chloroform
ANSWER: Z -- CHLOROFORM
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the most abundant element in the human body, WEIGHT?
ANSWER: OXYGEN
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Solids may be considered to be either crystalline noncrystalline.
The basic difference between them is that a crystal, in contrast to a noncrystal:
w) has a sharp melting point
x) has an irregular array of atoms
y) exhibits double refraction
z) has a completely regular atomic or molecular structure
ANSWER: Z -- HAS A COMPLETELY REGULAR ATOMIC OR MOLECULAR
STRUCTURE
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The Rate Law expresses the rate of a reaction in terms of the
concentrations of the:
w) reactants
x) products
y) by-products
z) catalysts
ANSWER: W -- REACTANTS
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Hydrocarbons that contain a triple bond between carbon atoms are
known as:
w) alkenes
x) alkanes
y) alkynes
z) polymers
ANSWER: Y -- ALKYNES
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 30
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following metals melts in your hand?
w) gallium
x) cesium
y) sodium
z) magnesium
ANSWER: W -- GALLIUM
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: When vinegar and baking soda are mixed together, w gas is
formed?
w) oxygen
x) nitrogen
y) carbon dioxide
z) hydrogen
ANSWER: Y -- CARBON DIOXIDE
CHEM-91; Short Answer: How many carbons are found in a propane molecule?
ANSWER: 3
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The atoms in sugar are bound by what type of bond?
w) ionic
x) hydrogen
y) covalent
z) van der Waals
ANSWER: Y -- COVALENT
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which is an example of a polymer?
w) salt
x) oil
y) plastic
z) glucose
ANSWER: Y -- PLASTIC
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 31
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Vegetable oil is made into margarine through:
w) halogenation
x) partial hydrogenation
y) methylation
z) oxidation
ANSWER: X -- PARTIAL HYDROGENATION
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: What is the name given to the equation PV=nRT?
w) law of partial pressure
x) ideal gas equation
y) quadratic equation
z) Raoult's equation
ANSWER: X -- IDEAL GAS EQUATION
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What term describes the process when a solid phase changes directly
to the gas phase?
ANSWER: SUBLIMATION
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following elements can form the great number of
covalent bonds?
w) carbon
x) nitrogen
y) oxygen
z) sulfur
ANSWER: Z -- SULFUR
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following elements forms a tetrahedra structure?
w) carbon
x) beryllium
y) boron
z) fluorine
ANSWER: W -- CARBON
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 32
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following metals is a solid at room temperature, yet
melts in your hand?
w) gallium
x) cesium
y) sodium
z) magnesium
ANSWER: W -- GALLIUM
CHEM-91; Short Answer: When water and an active metal react, what are the tw products that
result?
ANSWER: HYDROGEN AND A BASE (HYDROXIDE)
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: 2.5 liters of a sodium chloride (NaCl) solution contain 5 moles of
the solute. What is the molarity?
w) 5 molar
x) 2 molar
y) 2.5 molar
z) 12.5 molar
ANSWER: X -- 2 MOLAR
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the active ingredient in many common laxative that is also an
acid-base indicator?
ANSWER: PHENOLPHTHALEIN (pron: fEn-el-thal-E-en)
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The structure of an ammonia molecule can best be described as:
w) linear
x) tetrahedral
y) pyramidal
z) triagonal planar
ANSWER: Y -- PYRAMIDAL
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 33
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What naturally occurring radioactive element is so common in homes
that testing for its presence is often advisable?
ANSWER: RADON
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: How many moles of carbon are in 48 grams of carbon
w) 4
x) 3
y) 2
z) 1
ANSWER: W -- 4
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the molality of a salt solution prepared by dissolving two
moles of salt in 500 grams of water?
ANSWER: 4
CHEM-91; Short Answer: During electrolysis of water, what gas is evolved fro the cathode?
ANSWER: HYDROGEN
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Crude oil is separated into its components by:
w) chemical reaction
x) simple distillation
y) fractional distillation
z) settling
ANSWER: Y -- FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What compound occurs when ammonia and hydrogen chlori are
mixed together?
ANSWER: AMMONIUM CHLORIDE FORMS
CHEM-91; Short Answer: The acid present in vinegar is:
ANSWER: ACETIC ACID
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 34
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: What force between molecules tends to cause most common gases
to behave as non-ideal gases?
w) Van der Waals' force
x) ionic bonding force
y) gravitational force
z) covalent bonding force
ANSWER: W -- VAN DER WAALS' FORCE
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What UNUSUAL type of bonding occurs in diborane, B2H6
ANSWER: THREE CENTER BONDING
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: What is the name given to the non-superimposable mirror image
forms of chiral compounds?
w) cis-trans
x) enantiomers
y) functional isomers
z) diasteriomers
ANSWER: X -- ENANTIOMERS
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following is the EMPIRICAL formula of dodecane?
w) C5H11
x) C6H13
y) C10H22
z) C12H26
ANSWER: X -- C6H13
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the chemical formula for baking soda?
ANSWER: NaHCO3
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 35
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Copper is refined commercially by a process of:
w) smelting
x) electrolysis
y) sublimation
z) roasting
ANSWER: X -- ELECTROLYSIS
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The action of concentrated sulfuric acid on sugar best described as:
w) catalysis
x) oxidation
y) reduction
z) dehydration
ANSWER: Z -- DEHYDRATION
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: A metal that does NOT occur native in the earth is
w) copper
x) gold
y) sodium
z) silver
ANSWER: Y -- SODIUM
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What metal is used as a reducing agent to obtain iron from iron oxide
in the Thermite process?
ANSWER: ALUMINUM
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What compound is formed when all the hydrogen of an a has been
replaced by a metal?
ANSWER: A SALT
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Glycerine and what other substance are made by heatin animal fats or
vegetable oils with sodium hydroxide?
ANSWER: SOAP
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 36
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the formula for the anhydride of sulfuric aci
ANSWER: SO3
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Under similar conditions, which of the following i is the best
reducing agent under similar conditions?
w) fluoride ion
x) chloride ion
y) bromide ion
z) iodide ion
ANSWER: Z -- IODIDE ION
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: How many carbon atoms are there in one napthalene molecule?
w) 6
x) 8
y) 10
z) 15
ANSWER: Y -- 10
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: A process in which substances are separated throug differences in
the rates at which the components migrate is called:
w) filtration
x) chromatography
y) elution
z) titration
ANSWER: X -- CHROMATOGRAPHY
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the name of the bond that joins amino acids together in a
protein?
ANSWER: PEPTIDE BOND or AMIDE
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 37
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which bond has the LEAST ionic character?
w) H - F
x) Li - F
y) Li - Br
z) F - F
ANSWER: Z -- F - F
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The lanthanide series elements are also known as:
w) rare earth elements
x) non-metals
y) fifth period elements
z) sixth period elements
ANSWER: W -- RARE EARTH ELEMENTS
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: If the first ionization energy of magnesium is 176 kilocalories per
mole, one would expect the second ionization energy t be approximately:
w) 350 kilocalories per mole
x) 1,760 kilocalories per mole
y) 200 kilocalories per mole
z) 20 kilocalories per mole
ANSWER: W -- 350 KILOCALORIES PER MOLE
CHEM-91; Short Answer: When considering electron orbitals, which orbital is generally
considered spherical?
ANSWER: S ORBITAL
CHEM-91; Short Answer: The angle between any two carbon-hydrogen bonds in a methane
molecule is how many degrees?
ANSWER: 109.5 DEGREES
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Jaroslav Heyrovsky (Czechoslovakiw) received the 1959 Nobel Prize
in chemistry for developing what technique used in chemical analysis?
ANSWER: POLAROGRAPHY
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 38
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Ferrous is an equivalent name for which of the following?
w) Iron (IV) (pron: iron-4)
x) Iron (III) (pron: iron-3)
y) Iron (II) (pron: iron-2)
z) Iron (I) (pron: iron-1)
ANSWER: Y -- IRON (II)
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Mass percentage of carbon in CO2 is approximately:
w) 37.5%
x) 27.3%
y) 75%
z) 45%
ANSWER: X -- 27.3%
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Harold Clayton Urey, an American, received the 193 Nobel Prize in
chemistry for his discovery of:
w) Francium
x) Americium
y) deuterium
z) protium
ANSWER: Y -- DEUTERIUM
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The most abundant element in the universe is thoug to be:
w) carbon
x) oxygen
y) hydrogen
z) nitrogen
ANSWER: Y -- HYDROGEN
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 39
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The 1936 Nobel Prize in chemistry was awarded to Peter J.W.
Debye for his studies of:
w) kinetic energy of colliding particles
x) electron configuration
y) dipole moments
z) conformations of cyclohexane
ANSWER: Y -- DIPOLE MOMENTS
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The inventor of the Kelvin temperature scale was:
w) K. Cavendish II
x) Lord William H. Harrison
y) Sir William Thomson
z) none of the above
ANSWER: Y -- SIR WILLIAM THOMSON (Lord Kelvin)
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: "Under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, the
volumes of reacting gases and of their gaseous products are expressed in ratios of small whole
numbers." This law is attributed to:
w) Dalton
x) Gay-Lussac
y) Ramsay
z) Avogadro
ANSWER: X -- GAY-LUSSAC
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The type of crystal lattice exemplified in a diamo is:
w) ionic crystal
x) covalent network crystal
y) metallic crystal
z) covalent molecular crystal
ANSWER: X -- COVALENT NETWORK CRYSTAL
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 40
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: A crystallized substance containing water of crystallization is most
appropriately termed:
w) a hydrate
x) an oxide
y) a hydroxide
z) a condensation crystal
ANSWER: W -- A HYDRATE
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The loss of water of crystallization from a hydrat when exposed to
air is termed:
w) efflorescence (pron: eh-floor-es-ence)
x) deliquescence (pron: del-i-kwes-ence)
y) quiescence (pron: kwi-es-ence)
z) anhydrogenation
ANSWER: W -- EFFLORESCENCE
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Mayonnaise is:
w) a coalescent solution
x) a hydrogenated oil
y) a covalent solution
z) an emulsion
ANSWER: Z -- AN EMULSION
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: "The solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the
pressure of the gas above the liquid" is a fair statem of:
w) Dalton's secondary law
x) Le Chatelier's solubility principle
y) Henry's law
z) none of the above
ANSWER: Y -- HENRY'S LAW
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 41
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Solubility of a gas in a liquid exhibits what type proportionality to
the liquid temperature?
w) direct
x) inverse
y) logarithmic
z) exponential
ANSWER: X -- INVERSE
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: A negative heat of solution indicates that:
w) an endothermic dissolving process occurs
x) solute solubility increases with rising solution temperature
y) solute solubility decreases with rising solution temperature
z) super-saturation conditions exist
ANSWER: Y -- SOLUTE SOLUBILITY DECREASES WITH RISING SOLUTION
TEMPERATURE
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: A colligative property depends on:
w) chemical properties of particles in system
x) physical properties of particles in system
y) number of particles present in system
z) all of the above
ANSWER: Y -- NUMBER OF PARTICLES PRESENT IN SYSTEM
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: My theory of electrolytic dissociation earned me t 1903 Nobel Prize
in chemistry. My name is:
w) Niels Bohr
x) Svante Arrhenius
y) Michael Faraday
z) John Cavendish
ANSWER: X -- SVANTE ARRHENIUS
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 42
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: A net ionic equation does NOT show:
w) electronic charges
x) solid products (precipitates)
y) spectator ions
z) reacting species
ANSWER: Y -- SPECTATOR IONS
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The theory of interionic attraction attributed to Debye and Hückel:
w) was disproved by Arrhenius
x) accounts quantitatively for the attraction between ions in dilute aqueous solutions
y) does not account for kindered "ion-activity"
z) accounts for intra-molecular polar bonds
ANSWER: X -- ACCOUNTS QUANTITATIVELY FOR THE ATTRACTION
BETWEEN IONS IN DILUTE AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: HCl is dissolved in solvent A; the solution is non-conducting
towards an electric current. Solvent A must be:
w) polar
x) non-polar
y) organic
z) more acidic than HCl
ANSWER: X -- NON-POLAR
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: HClO3 is commonly named:
w) hydrochloric acid
x) chloric acid
y) perchloric acid
z) chlorous acid
ANSWER: X -- CHLORIC ACID
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Any species that acts as an electron-pair acceptor a:
w) Lewis base
x) Bronsted base
y) Lewis acid
z) Bronsted acid
ANSWER: Y -- LEWIS ACID
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 43
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Amphoteric substances:
w) act as either bases or acids
x) precipatate from aqueous solutions
y) salt out of basic solutions
z) form emulsions in oils
ANSWER: W -- ACT AS EITHER BASES OR ACIDS
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: One equivalent of a triprotic acid is the same as:
w) one mole of the acid
x) one-third mole of the acid
y) three moles of the acid
z) three equivalents of a diprotic acid
ANSWER: X -- ONE-THIRD MOLE OF THE ACID
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The pH range over which an indicator color change occurs is
referred to as its:
w) titration range
x) titration constant
y) transition interval
z) none of the above
ANSWER: Y -- TRANSITION INTERVAL
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: In a photosynthesis reaction, chlorophyll is:
w) a reactant
w) a product
y) a catalyst
z) an intermediate
ANSWER: Y -- A CATALYST
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: All systems of measurement use the same units for which of the
following?
w) mass
x) time
y) force
z) volume
ANSWER: X -- TIME
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 44
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: If the temperature of the atmosphere rose 50 degr on a Fahrenheit
thermometer, the rise on a Celsius thermometer would have been:
w) 90 degrees
x) 82.3 degrees
y) 50.3 degrees
z) 27.8 degrees
ANSWER: Z -- 27.8 DEGREES
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: In which of the branches of chemistry would the development of a
theory about how a reaction takes place best be carried o
w) analytical
x) inorganic
y) organic
z) physical
ANSWER: Z -- PHYSICAL
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the name of the alkane that is composed of a chain of five
carbon atoms?
ANSWER: PENTANE
CHEM-91; Short Answer: How many hydrogens are there in the straight chain alkane that has
three carbon atoms?
ANSWER: EIGHT
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What substance is produced at the cathode in the electrolysis of
molten sodium chloride?
ANSWER: SODIUM
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 45
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which class of solids could have London Forces the attractive
forces between particles in crystal lattice positions?
w) ionic
x) covalent
y) metallic
z) molecular
ANSWER: Z -- MOLECULAR
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Surface tension of liquids is the result of which the following:
w) interaction of a liquid with its container
x) unbalanced forces on the liquid's surface molecules
y) adhesive forces of the liquid
z) interaction of the liquid's surface molecules and the applied pressure
ANSWER: X -- UNBALANCED FORCES ON THE LIQUID'S SURFACE
MOLECULES
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following liquid types would have th highest
viscosity?
w) low molecular mass-polar liquid
x) high molecular mass-polar liquid
y) low molecular mass-nonpolar liquid
d high molecular mass-nonpolar liquid
ANSWER: X -- HIGH MOLECULAR MASS-POLAR LIQUID
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: What two primary factors determine whether or no molecular
collision leads to a chemical reaction?
w) energy and volume of molecules
x) energy and mass of molecules
y) energy and orientation of molecules
z) orientation and volume of molecules
ANSWER: Y -- ENERGY AND ORIENTATION OF MOLECULES
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 46
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: An Arrhenius acid is a substance that:
w) donates protons
x) accepts protons
y) donates hydrogen ions to water
z) donates hydroxide ions to water
ANSWER: Y -- DONATES HYDROGEN IONS TO WATER
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Name the conjugate acid of bicarbonate ion.
ANSWER: CARBONIC ACID
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the name of H2SO3?
ANSWER: SULFUROUS ACID
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the formula for Magnesium Nitride?
ANSWER: Mg3N2
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the I-U-P-A-C (pron: eye-you pack) name for a cyclic alkane
containing four carbons?
ANSWER: CYCLOBUTANE
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Dacron is a:
w) polyamide
x) polyester
y) polyether
z) polyolefin
ANSWER: X -- POLYESTER
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 47
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following is produced when polyvinyl chloride is
burned?
w) Hydrogen Cyanide
x) Hydrogen Chloride
y) Nitrogen Oxide
z) Oxygen
ANSWER: X -- HYDROGEN CHLORIDE
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following best describes Nylon?
w) polyamide
x) polyester
y) polyolefin
z) acrylic
ANSWER: W -- POLYAMIDE
CHEM-91; Short Answer: How many valence electrons does an atom of an element with an
atomic number of twelve have?
ANSWER: TWO
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following compounds contains both io and covalent
bonds?
w) Calcium Chloride
x) Carbon Dioxide
y) Calcium Fluoride
z) Calcium Sulfate
ANSWER: Z -- CALCIUM SULFATE
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Name the two major ingredients in vinegar.
ANSWER: ACETIC ACID AND WATER
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Solution A has a pH of 2 while solution B has a pH o 7. How many
times more acidic is solution A than Solution B?
ANSWER: ONE HUNDRED THOUSAND or TEN TO THE FIFTH POWER
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 48
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the oxidation number of sulfur in HS-? (read HS minus one)
ANSWER: -2
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following compounds is the strongest acid?
w) NH3
x) PH3
y) H2O
z) H2S
ANSWER: Z -- H2S
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following compounds is the strongest base?
w) NH3
x) PH3
y) H2O
z) H2S
ANSWER: W -- NH3
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following molecules does NOT have a dipole moment
of zero?
w) BeCl2
x) BF3
y) CO2
z) NH3
ANSWER: Z -- NH3
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following minerals is a source of iro
w) Bauxite (pron: box-ite)
x) Hematite (pron: he-ma-tite)
y) Malachite (pron: mal-ah-kite)
z) Galena (pron: ga-lee-nah)
ANSWER: X -- HEMATITE
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 49
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following metals is LEAST reactive toward
atmospheric oxygen?
w) Lead
x) Copper
y) Iron
z) Aluminum
ANSWER: X -- COPPER
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Brass is an alloy of what two elements?
ANSWER: COPPER AND ZINC
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following are alloying materials used the manufacture
of stainless steel?
w) Limestone and carbon
x) Calcium oxide and oxygen
y) Oxygen and sulfur dioxide
z) Chromium and nickel
ANSWER: Z -- CHROMIUM AND NICKEL
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following materials are used in the manufacture of pig
iron from iron ore?
w) Limestone and carbon
x) Calcium oxide and oxygen
y) Chromium and nickel
z) Oxygen and sulfur dioxide
ANSWER: W -- LIMESTONE AND CARBON
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: How many neighboring atoms are in contact with eac atom in a
monatomic body-centered cubic structure.
w) 4
x) 6
y) 8
z) 12
ANSWER: Y -- 8
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 50
CHEM-91; Short Answer: How many neighboring atoms are in contact with each a in a
hexagonal close-packed structure?
ANSWER: 12
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Members of which of the following classes of compounds generally
produce acidic solutions when dissolved in water?
w) metal oxides
x) nonmetal oxides
y) alcohols
z) aldehydes
ANSWER: X -- NONMETAL OXIDES
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following substances is a molecular solid?
w) Glass
x) Ice
y) Silver
z) Table Salt
ANSWER: X -- ICE
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following substances is an ionic netw solid?
w) Diamond
x) Table Salt
y) Brass
z) Dry ice
ANSWER: X -- TABLE SALT
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following compounds has the highest boiling point?
w) CH4
x) CCL4
y) HI
z) IF5
ANSWER: Z -- IF5
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 51
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following compounds has the lowest boiling points?
w) CH4
x) CCl4
y) PH3
z) PCl3
ANSWER: W -- CH4
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: What is the primary constituent of marble?
w) Calcium carbonate
x) Calcium sulfate
y) Hydroxyapatite
z) Chloroapatite
ANSWER: W -- CALCIUM CARBONATE
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: An aqueous solution whose concentration effectivel matches the
concentration of blood is said to be:
w) isotopic
x) isobaric
y) isotonic
z) isoelectronic
ANSWER: Y -- ISOTONIC
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: A family of organic compounds whose molecules will add water
under an acid catalysis and change into alcohols are the:
w) alkenes
x) alkanes
y) aromatic hydrocarbons
z) cycloalkanes
ANSWER: W -- ALKENES
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 52
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The substance whose chemical formula is CH3OH is known as
w) carbonated water
x) grain alcohol
y) potable alcohol
z) methanol
ANSWER: Z -- METHANOL
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The azimuthal quantum number determines the:
w) spin of an electron
x) shape of an orbital
y) size of an orbital
z) energy of an orbital
ANSWER: X -- SHAPE OF AN ORBITAL
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: An orbital for which n=3 and l = 1 (read: ell equa 1) is called a:
w) 2d orbital
x) 3d orbital
y) 3s orbital
z) 3p orbital
ANSWER: Z -- 3p ORBITAL
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The elements that have an outer electron configuration ns2 (read: n
- s - 2) are called:
w) halogens
x) transition metals
y) alkaline earths
z) noble gases
ANSWER: Y -- ALKALINE EARTHS
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Unpaired electrons are present in ground-state ato of:
w) Helium
x) Calcium
y) Oxygen
z) Magnesium
ANSWER: Y -- OXYGEN
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 53
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: How many unpaired electrons are there in the groun state of Al3+?
w) 0
x) 1
y) 2
z) 3
ANSWER: W -- 0
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Of the following elements which has the largest atomic radius?
w) Ba
x) F
y) C
z) Be
ANSWER: W -- Ba
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following species has the smallest equilibrium
separation for its ion-pair?
w) KF
x) LiF
y) BaBr
z) NaCl
ANSWER: B -- LiF
CHEM-91; Short Answer: How many resonance forms are possible for the Lewis structure of
SO3?
ANSWER: 3
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following molecules exhibit resonance
w) OF3
x) HNO3
y) C2H4
z) PCl3
ANSWER: X -- HNO3
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 54
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The molecular shape of formaldehyde, H2CO, is:
w) linear
x) trigonal planar
y) bent
z) tetrahedral
ANSWER: X -- TRIGONAL PLANAR
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following molecules is linear?
w) SO2
x) O3
y) XeF2
z) H2S
ANSWER: Y -- XeF2
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What bond angle is associated with sp hybrid orbitals
ANSWER: 180 DEGREES
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What bond angle is associated with sp2 hybrid orbital
ANSWER: 120 DEGREES
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following molecules would have the smallest molar
enthalpy of vaporization?
w) Water
x) Formaldehyde
y) Methane
z) Ammonia
ANSWER: Y -- METHANE
CHEM-91; Short Answer: The pH of a 0.005 molar solution of calcium hydroxide is:
ANSWER: 12
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 55
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following compounds is ONLY WEAKLY soluble in
cold water?
w) Silver Nitrate
x) Sodium Carbonate
y) Sodium Chloride
z) Lead Chloride
ANSWER: Z -- LEAD CHLORIDE
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Radioactive decay is a:
w) zero-order process
x) temperature-dependent process
y) first-order process
z) second-order process
ANSWER: Y -- FIRST-ORDER PROCESS
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The first organic compound synthesized in 1828 by Frederich
Wohler was:
w) benzene
x) urea
y) estrogen
z) methane
ANSWER: X -- UREA
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Moth balls contain:
w) formalin
x) chitin (pron: kite-en)
y) formaldehyde
z) naphthalene
ANSWER: Z -- NAPHTHALENE
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 56
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: In commercial vulcanization, crosslinking is introduced by the
addition of:
w) sulfur
x) toluene
y) silicon
z) phosphorus
ANSWER: W -- SULFUR
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The alcohol with lowest molecular weight is:
w) isopropanol
x) propanol
y) ethanol
z) methanol
ANSWER: Z -- METHANOL
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The chemical symbol for antimony is:
w) An
x) Sn
y) Sb
z) At
ANSWER: Y -- Sb
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following inert gas atoms is the heaviest?
w) xenon
x) neon
y) radon
z) krypton
ANSWER: Y -- RADON
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The major constituent of marsh gas is:
w) methane
x) propane
y) benzene
z) ethanol
ANSWER: W -- METHANE
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 57
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: The element used in treating manic depression is:
w) sulfur
x) nitrogen
y) calcium
z) lithium
ANSWER: Z -- LITHIUM
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Teflon is produced by polymerizing ethylene which hydrogen
substituted with one of the following elements:
w) teflinium
x) tin
y) fluorine
z) carbon
ANSWER: Y -- FLUORINE
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Cyclohexanone is an example of:
w) an aldehyde
x) a carboxylic acid
y) an alkyne
z) a ketone
ANSWER: Z -- A KETONE
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: One source of Acid Rain is:
w) sulfur in fossil fuels
x) carbon in coal
y) hydrogen in hydrocarbons
z) chloroflorocarbons in aerosols
ANSWER: W -- SULFUR IN FOSSIL FUELS
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Name the PRINCIPAL cancer-causing agent in Agent Oran
ANSWER: DIOXIN
or TCDD
or DIMETHOXANE
or 2,3,7,8 - TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN
or 2,6-DIMETHYL-DIOXAN-Y-YL ACETATE
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 58
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What was the principal use of Agent Orange?
ANSWER: AS A DEFOLIANT (or herbicide)
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What chemical functionality do unsaturated fatty acid contain that
saturated fatty acids do not?
ANSWER: DOUBLE BONDS or CARBON-CARBON DOUBLE BONDS
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Priestley called the gas he prepared "perfect air", b it was later named
"oxygen" by whom?
ANSWER: LAVOISIER
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What compound accounts for the unpleasant odor in decayed eggs?
ANSWER: HYDROGEN SULFIDE
CHEM-91; Short Answer: Name any two of the four elements that are ferromagne at 0!C.
ANSWER: IRON (Fe), COBALT (Co), NICKEL (Ni) AND GADOLINIUM (Gz)
CHEM-91; Short Answer: The chemical element present in greatest abundance in the earth's
crust is:
ANSWER: OXYGEN
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Chlorine is used in swimming pools as a disinfecta In its natural,
standard state it is a:
w) blue liquid
x) colorless crystals
y) yellow-green gas
z) reddish-brown gas
ANSWER: Y -- YELLOW-GREEN GAS
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 59
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is responsible for the reddish, brown color of photochemical
smog?
ANSWER: NITROGEN DIOXIDE or NO2
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: What is the pH of an aqueous solution of 0.1 molar HCl?
w) 7
x) 13
y) 1
z) 3
ANSWER: Y -- 1
CHEM-91; Short Answer: What is the ground-state configuration for Na+? The atomic atomic
number for sodium is eleven.
ANSWER: 1S22S22p6
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following four compounds would have t most ionic
bond?
w) CH4
x) LiF
y) CsF
z) N2
ANSWER: Y -- CsF
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Charcoal is 'activated' by:
w) heating it in the absence of air
x) heating it in steam
y) destructive distillation
z) absorption
ANSWER: X -- HEATING IT IN STEAM
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 60
CHEM-91; Multiple Choice: Which of the following atoms or ions would be the smallest?
w) sodium atom
x) magnesium atom
y) singly charged sodium ion
z) doubly charged magnesium ion
ANSWER: Z -- DOUBLY CHARGED MAGNESIUM ION
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following chemists was the first to use letters as
symbols for elements?
w) Ernest Oliver Lawrence
x) Louis Andrew Proust
y) Jons Jacob Berzelius
z) none of these
ANSWER: Y -- JONS JACOB BERZELIUS
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following indicates the shape of the orbital in which the
electron moves?
w) principal quantum number
x) spin quantum number
y) angular momentum quantum number
z) none of these
ANSWER: Y -- ANGULAR MOMENTUM QUANTUM NUMBER
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Which quantum number indicates the shape of the orbital in which the
electron moves?
ANSWER: B -- SPIN QUANTUM NUMBER
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following terms refers to the energy released when an
electron is added to a neutral atom?
w) electrovalence
x) electron affinity
y) electroconductance
z) none of these
ANSWER: X -- ELECTRON AFFINITY
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 61
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the EMPIRICAL FORMULA for Benzene?
ANSWER: CH
CHEM-92; Short Answer: How many electrons are there in the valence shell of a calcium atom?
ANSWER: 2
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Who is credited, in the history of modern chemistry, with discovering
X-rays?
ANSWER: WILLIAM ROENTGEN
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Which of the following would be most acidic?
w) phenol
x) methanol
y) acetic acid
z) methyl amine
ANSWER: C -- ACETIC ACID
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following elements has the highest electronegativity?
w) Lithium
x) Iodine
y) Cesium
z) Oxygen
ANSWER: D -- OXYGEN
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: For which molecule can the bonding be described in terms of sp3
hybrid orbitals of the central atom?
w) CH4
x) SF6
y) BF3
z) PCL5
ANSWER: B -- CH4
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 62
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following molecules has a dipole moment?
w) BF3
x) NH3
y) CCL4
z) CH4
ANSWER: B -- NH3
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following chemical reactions does not lead to
formation of a salt?
w) Reaction of salts with acids.
x) The reaction of base anhydrides with acid anhydrides.
y) Action of water on oxides of nonmetals.
z) Reaction of acid with base.
ANSWER: Y -- ACTION OF WATER ON OXIDES OF NONMETALS. (If water
reacts with oxides of nonmetals, an acid is formed.)
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following elements gains electrons most readily?
w) Sodium
x) Magnesium
y) Aluminum
z) Fluorine
ANSWER: D -- FLUORINE
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: The pH of water will be decreased to below pH 7 by the hydrolysis
of which of the following?
w) sodium carbonate
x) sodium chloride
y) ammonium chloride
z) potassium bromide
ANSWER: C -- AMMONIUM CHLORIDE
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What does the acronym NMR stand for:
ANSWER: NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 63
CHEM-92; Short Answer: During the electrolysis of a dilute aqueous solution of sulfuric acid,
what happens to the sulfuric acid concentration?
ANSWER: IT REMAINS THE SAME
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the name for the element whose symbol is Tl (pron: T - L)?
ANSWER: THALLIUM
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Name the process used to obtain Aluminum by electrolysis of
aluminum oxide dissolved in molten cryolite?
ANSWER: HALL PROCESS
CHEM-92; Short Answer: what is the name given to a semisolid suspension of a material of high
molecular mass in a liquid solvent?
ANSWER: GEL
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Name the thermodynamic term that is a quantitative measure of
disorder of a system?
ANSWER: ENTROPY
CHEM-92; Short Answer: At temperatures above 96 degrees Celsius, which crystalline form of
sulfur is the most stable?
ANSWER: MONOCLINIC
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Pi bonds are formed by the overlap of:
w) unhybridized p orbitals
x) sp2 hybridized orbitals
y) sp hybridized orbitals
z) unhybridized s orbitals
ANSWER: W -- UNHYBRIDIZED P ORBITALS
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Pi bonds are formed by the overlap of what specific type of orbitals:
ANSWER: UNHYBRIDIZED P ORBITALS
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 64
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: A triple bond consists of:
w) three sigma bonds
x) three pi bonds
y) two sigma bonds and one pi bond
z) one sigma bond and two pi bonds
ANSWER: Z -- ONE SIGMA BOND AND TWO PI BONDS
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: A triple bond consists of how many pi bonds and how many sigma
bonds?
ANSWER: ONE SIGMA BOND AND TWO PI BONDS
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Glucose is one of the simple sugars in sucrose. Name the other.
ANSWER: FRUCTOSE
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What metal ion is found in chlorophyll?
ANSWER: MAGNESIUM ION
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What does EDTA stand for?
ANSWER: ETHYLENE DIAMINE TETRAACETIC ACID
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Cubic crystals containing lattice points only at the corners are called:
w) body centered
x) face centered
y) simple
z) hexagonal
ANSWER: C-SIMPLE
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Cobalamins are found in what group of vitamins?
ANSWER: THE B GROUP
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 65
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following is not a covalent network solid?
w) silicon dioxide
x) silicon oxide
y) boron nitrate
z) sodium oxide
ANSWER: D -- SODIUM OXIDE
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What gas law states "Pressure times Volume = Constant":
ANSWER: BOYLE'S LAW
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: The conjugate acid of water is:
w) OHx)
H2
y) O2
z) H3O+
ANSWER: Z -- H3O+
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the systematic name for LiClO4?
ANSWER: LITHIUM PERCHLORATE
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the formula for phosphorus acid?
ANSWER: H3PO3
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the formula for ethyne?
ANSWER: C2H2
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the general formula for the alkene series?
ANSWER: CnH2n
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 66
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: The modern atomic theory was conceived by :
w) Victor Grignard
x) Daniel Rutherford
y) Svante Arrhenius
z) John Dalton
ANSWER: Z -- JOHN DALTON
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Who discovered Nitrogen
ANSWER: DANIEL RUTHERFORD
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: The percent composition by mass of copper in anhydrous cupric
sulfate is about:
w) 10%
x) 25%
y) 40%
z) 75%
ANSWER: C -- 40%
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the gaseous product formed from the reaction of calcium
carbide and water?
ANSWER: ACETYLENE (or ETHYNE OR C2H2)
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the number of atomic radii along the face diagonal of a
face-centered unit cell?
ANSWER: 4
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the empirical formula for fructose?
ANSWER: CH2O
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 67
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following terms best fits the statement: "Process by
which polysaccharides are degraded to monosaccharides."
w) hydrolysis
x) glycolosis
y) lipogenesis
z) none of the above
ANSWER: W -- HYDROLYSIS
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Starch is the polymer of what monosaccharide?
ANSWER: GLUCOSE
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a base in DNA?
w) uracil
x) guanine
y) adenine
z) cytosine
ANSWER: W -- URACIL
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: A bond in which there is an unequal attraction for the shared
electrons and a resultant unbalanced distribution of charge is which one of the following types of
bonds?
w) ionic
x) pure covalent
y) nonpolar covalent
z) polar covalent
ANSWER: Z -- POLAR COVALENT
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Name the type of bond in which there is an unequal attraction for the
shared electrons and a resultant unbalanced distribution of charge:
ANSWER: POLAR COVALENT BOND
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 68
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: In protolytic reactions in which the reactants are much stronger as
an acid and a base than the products, the proton transfer reaction:
w) does not occur
x) approaches completeness
y) produces a much stronger acid and a much weaker base
z) produces a much weaker acid and a much stronger base
ANSWER: X -- APPROACHES COMPLETENESS
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Chemically, fats are esters of long carbon-chain acids and which of
the following:
w) ethanol
x) glycerol
y) ethylene glycol
z) sodium hydroxide
ANSWER: X -- GLYCEROL
CHEM-92; Short Answer: The most common complex ions have octahedral geometry. What is
the coordination number of the central ion in an octahedral complex?
ANSWER: SIX
CHEM-92; Short Answer: In a flame test the presence of calcium would cause what color flame?
ANSWER: RED (accept yellow-rez)
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What will be formed when a metal oxide dissolves in water?
ANSWER: A BASE
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the term used to describe the resistance of a liquid to flow?
ANSWER: VISCOSITY
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the term used to describe a compound that contains no water
of hydration?
ANSWER: ANHYDROUS
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 69
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the oxidation number of Cl in HClO (read: H - C - L - O)?
ANSWER: 1+ (accept 1)
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is another name for 1,2, Dimethyl Benzene?
ANSWER: ORTHO XYLENE
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is another name for 1,3, Dimethyl Benzene?
ANSWER: META XYLENE
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is another name for 1,4, Dimethyl Benzene?
ANSWER: PARA XYLENE
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following pairs of numbers best represents the
diameter, in nanometers, of most atoms?
w) between 0.1 and 0.5
x) between 1 and 10
y) between 10 and 100
z) between 10,000 and 1,000,000
ANSWER: A -- BETWEEN 0.1 AND 0.5
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following Greek philosophers proposed the first
atomic theory around 400 B.C.? Was it
w) Plato
x) Archimedes
y) Aristotle
z) Democritus
ANSWER: D -- DEMOCRITUS
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the simplest unit of repetition in a crystalline structure?
ANSWER: A UNIT CELL
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 70
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: How many water molecules are contained in Cobalt (II) sulfate
heptahydrate?
w) 3
x) 6
y) 8
z) 7
ANSWER: D -- 7
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT oxidized by chlorine?
w) F- (read: F minus)
x) Br- (read: B - R minus)
y) F2 (read: F - 2)
z) I- (read: I minus)
ANSWER: A -- FCHEM-
92; Multiple Choice: Gels and Foams are classified as:
w) solutions
x) emulsions
y) colloids
z) suspensions
ANSWER: C -- COLLOIDS
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What substance, which is a variety of carbon, is also called
Plumbago?
ANSWER: GRAPHITE
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What element has a lower boiling point than hydrogen?
ANSWER: HELIUM
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the formula for quartz?
ANSWER: SiO2
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 71
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What American first proposed the free energy function G, which
interrelates entropy and enthalpy?
ANSWER: J. WILLARD GIBBS
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the volume occupied by one mole of a gas under standard
conditions called?
ANSWER: A MOLAR VOLUME
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What compound is the main component of Epson salts?
ANSWER: MAGNESIUM SULFATE HEPTAHYDRATE(MgSO4.7H2O)
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Which element was named for Satan or the devil?
ANSWER: NICKEL (from the german word nickel, meaning satan or "old nick")
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Aromatic compounds are generally derived from what substance?
ANSWER: BENZENE
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the name of the element whose symbol is Ga?
ANSWER: GALLIUM
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the thermodynamic STATE function that is directly associated
with a constant pressure process in which heat is exchanged between system and surroundings?
ANSWER: DELTA H
CHEM-92; Short Answer: In 1962, at Argonne National Laboratory, Neil Bartlett first
synthesized what type of compound?
ANSWER: A XENON COMPOUND WAS FORMED or A NOBLE GAS
COMPOUND WAS FORMED
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the Latin name for Silver?
ANSWER: ARGENTUM
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 72
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the Latin name for Tungsten?
ANSWER: WOLFRAM
CHEM-92; Short Answer: A gaseous organic compound that is best known for its use in
preservative solutions has the chemical formula HCHO (read: H - C - H CHEM-92; Short
Answer: Give me the name and atomic number of the element I am thinking about. It occupies
the same column in the periodic table as selenium. Under standard conditions of temperature and
pressure this element is a clear, odorless gas. This element is one of the essential ingredients in
the burning process.
ANSWER: OXYGEN ATOMIC NUMBER = 8
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Organic acids have a common functional group. Give me the formula
of that functional group.
ANSWER: COOH
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Give the IUPAC (pron: I - U - PAY) name for the straight chain,
saturated organic acid containing 10 carbons in an unbranched structure.
ANSWER: DECANOIC ACID
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following chemical compounds is an important
aromatic hydrocarbon. Is it:
w) methane
x) ethane
y) benzene
z) propyne
ANSWER: Y -- BENZENE
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: In 2-butene, which of the following bonds prevents the atoms at
each end of the bond from rotating with respect to each other. Is it an:
w) ionic bond
x) sigma bond
y) strong bond
z) double bond
ANSWER: Z -- DOUBLE BOND
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 73
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the acid anhydride of sulfurous acid ?
ANSWER: SULFUR DIOXIDE or SO2
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following scientists first determined the atomic number
of an atom by use of X-rays? Is it:
w) Millikan
x) Planck
y) Thompson
z) Moseley
ANSWER: Z -- MOSELEY
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is formed by heating an organic acid with an alcohol.
ANSWER: AN ESTER
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the radius of an imaginary shell around an atom which
determines how close two nonbonded atoms may approach each other called?
ANSWER: VAN DER WAALS RADIUS
CHEM-92; Short Answer: List the following atoms in order of increasing electron affinity:
oxygen, boron, and fluorine.
ANSWER: (1) BORON, (2) OXYGEN, (3) FLUORINE
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Give me the formula for the organic compound cyclobutene.
ANSWER: C4H6
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Give the EMPIRICAL formula for the organic compound
cyclopentene.
ANSWER: C5H8
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the Vitamin name for Ascorbic acid?
ANSWER: VITAMIN C
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 74
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Retinol is the common name for what vitamin?
ANSWER: VITAMIN A
CHEM-92; Short Answer: How many joules are required to cause the temperature of one gram of
water to be raised from 24 degrees Celsius to 25 degrees Celsius.
ANSWER: 4.18 JOULES
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the oxidation number of sulfur in sulfurous acid?
ANSWER: 4+ or +4 (read: 4 - plus or plus - 4) (accept 4)
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following is the primary reason for adding calcium
carbonate to the reduction process of iron oxide ores ? The calcium carbonate:
w) acts as an oxidizing agent
x) removes silicate waste products
y) acts as a reducing agent
z) removes sulfur waste products
ANSWER: X -- REMOVES SILICATE WASTE PRODUCTS
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What molten substance is used in the Hall process to reduce
aluminum?
ANSWER: CRYOLITE
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following odors does the ester isoamyl isovalerate
produce? Is it an odor of:
w) bananas
x) apples
y) cherries
z) strawberries
ANSWER: B -- APPLES
CHEM-92; Short Answer: When one heats concentrated sulfuric acid, one molecule of water is
eliminated for every two molecules of sulfuric acid. What substance will result from this reaction?
ANSWER: PYROSULFURIC ACID or DISULFURIC ACID
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 75
CHEM-92; Short Answer: How many oxygen atoms are there in one formula unit of magnetite?
ANSWER: FOUR
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the name given to the bond that links an amino group of one
molecule of an amino acid to a carboxyl group of another amino acid?
ANSWER: PEPTIDE LINK or AMIDE LINK or PEPTIDE BOND
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following substances would be the best choice to
neutralize aqueous Sodium Hydroxide?
w) sodium carbonate
x) silicon dioxide
y) aluminum oxide
z) phosphorus pentoxide
ANSWER: Z -- PHOSPHORUS PENTOXIDE
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Give the IUPAC (pron: I - U - PAY) name of the shortest of the
alcohols.
ANSWER: METHANOL
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the element represented by the symbol Rh?
ANSWER: RHODIUM
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Leaf and Garbage disposal "plastic bags" are usually made from what
polymer?
ANSWER: POLYETHYLENE
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the chemical name of the nonstick coating on cookware?
ANSWER: POLYTETRAFLOUROETHYLENE
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 76
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following group of compounds is most soluble in
water?
w) alkanes (pron: ak-KANES)
x) alcohols
y) aldehydes (pron: al-deh-HIDES)
z) alkenes (pron: al-KEENS)
ANSWER: X -- ALCOHOLS
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Tocopherol is the name of what vitamin?
ANSWER: VITAMIN E
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Calciferol (pron: kal-sif-eh-rol) is the common name of what vitamin?
ANSWER: VITAMIN D
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Name the compound formed when an hydroxyl group is attached to a
phenyl group.
ANSWER: PHENOL
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: In which of the following class of substances would WAX be found?
w) carbohydrates
x) lipids
y) proteins
z) nucleic acids
ANSWER: LIPIDS
CHEM-92; Short Answer: In what vitamin would retinoic acid be found?
ANSWER: VITAMIN A
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the element whose symbol is Ho?
ANSWER: HOLMIUM
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 77
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Fifty micrograms of an isotope have decayed to 12.5 micrograms
after 12 hours. What is the half life of the radioisotope?
ANSWER: SIX HOURS
CHEM-92; Short Answer: In what U.S. state were most of the transuranic elements first created?
ANSWER: CALIFORNIA
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the PRIMARY carbohydrate in milk?
ANSWER: LACTOSE
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following yields a substance other than glucose on
degradation by water?
w) Cellulose
x) Glycogen
y) Sucrose
z) Maltose
ANSWER: Y -- SUCROSE
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: In what category may LIPASE (pron: lie-pase) be placed
w) carbohydrates
x) lipids
y) enzymes
z) nucleic acids
ANSWER: C--ENZYMES
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: The hydrocarbon end of a detergent molecule is:
w) hydrophilic
x) hydrophobic
y) possible ionic
z) contains oxygen or sulfur
ANSWER: HYDROPHOBIC
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 78
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: An amine contains which one of the following functional groups?
w) NO2
x) NOH
y) NH2
z) N2
ANSWER: Y -- NH2
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: The molar volume of which two elements is the same at standard
temperature and pressure?
w) fluorine and bromine
x) fluorine and iodine
y) fluorine and chlorine
z) bromine and iodine
ANSWER: Y -- FLUORINE AND CHLORINE
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which one of the following elements is not found in nature?
w) Technetium
x) Iridium
y) Osmium
z) Molybdenum
ANSWER: W -- TECHNETIUM
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: The class of compounds implicated in the Antarctic ozone
destruction is:
w) RBC's
x) DDT's
y) CFC's
z) PCB's
ANSWER: Y -- CFC'S
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which one of the following compounds is amphiprotic in water?
w) sodium chloride
x) sodium sulfate
y) sodium hydride
z) sodium hydrogen carbonate
ANSWER: Z -- SODIUM HYDROGEN CARBONATE
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 79
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Minus 18 degrees centigrade corresponds to what Fahrenheit
temperature?
ANSWER: 0 DEGREES FAHRENHEIT
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the common name given to a mixture of three parts of
concentrated hydrochloric acid and one part concentrated nitric acid?
ANSWER: AQUA REGIA
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the name for the element whose symbol is Tl (pron: T - L)?
ANSWER: THALLIUM
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Whatis the name for the element whose symbol is Lr?
ANSWER: LAWRENCIUM
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the oxidation number of nitrogen in NaNO2:
ANSWER: +3 (Accept 3)
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What halogen is a liquid at room temperature?
ANSWER: BROMINE
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is another name for 1,4, Dimethyl Benzene?
ANSWER: PARA XYLENE
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: In a liquid crystal, what is the name given to the simplest ordering
of molecules?
w) Nematic
x) Smectic
y) Cholesteric
z) Lipidic
ANSWER: W -- NEMATIC
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 80
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the name given to a polar molecule or negative ion that is
clustered about a central positive ion?
ANSWER: LIGAND
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What substance, which is a variety of carbon, is also called
Plumbago?
ANSWER: GRAPHITE
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What element has a lower boiling point than hydrogen?
ANSWER: HELIUM
CHEM-92; Short Answer: I will be describing a chemical element. Try to identify it with the
fewest number of clues. This chemical element is the most abundant of the rare-earth group. The
element is a silver-gray metal which oxidizes readily at room temperature and is an important
factor in color television tubes. The atomic number of this element is 58. What is this element?
ANSWER: CERIUM (Ce)
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following molecules or ions is NOT formed when K
metal reacts with liquid CH3OH? Is it:
w) potassium ion
x) hydrogen ion
y) methoxy ion
z) hydrogen molecule
ANSWER: X -- HYDROGEN ION
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: "Mirror-image" molecules are called:
w) stereoisomers
x) structural isomers
y) diastereomers
z) constitional isomers
ANSWER: W -- STEREOISOMERS
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 81
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: What is the only nonmetal element that is a liquid room
temperature?
w) phosphorus
x) bromine
y) iodine
z) arsenic
ANSWER: X -- BROMINE
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following compounds will be a nonelectrolyte when
dissolved in water?
w) sodium chloride
x) potassium nitrate
y) ethanol
z) hydrogen chloride
ANSWER: Y -- ETHANOL
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the chemical formula of buckminsterfullerene?
ANSWER: C60
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: What is the molarity of a salt solution prepared b dissolving three
moles of salt in 500 milliliters of water?
w) 1
x) 2
y) 4
z) 6
ANSWER: Z -- 6
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Dry ice is the solid form of what gas?
w) nitrogen
x) oxygen
y) helium
z) carbon dioxide
ANSWER: Z -- CARBON DIOXIDE
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 82
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Thermite is a mixture of aluminum and:
w) hematite
x) sodium oxide
y) iron
z) magnesium
ANSWER: W -- HEMATITE
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Nitric acid is made from air and water by the:
w) Haber process
x) Contact process
y) Castner process
z) Arc process
ANSWER: Z -- ARC PROCESS
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Impurities in metal ores are called:
w) flux
x) gangue (pron: gang)
y) slag
z) sediments
ANSWER: X -- GANGUE
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: The existence of an element in two or more forms i the same
physical phase is known as:
w) allotropy
x) diphasisty
y) polyformation
z) diatomic existence
ANSWER: W -- ALLOTROPY
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: The complete combustion of one mole of hydrogen produces:
w) 1/2 mole H2O
x) 1/2 mole H2O + 1/2 mole O3
y) 1 mole water
z) 1 mole hydroxide ions
ANSWER: Y -- 1 MOLE WATER
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 83
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Who named the element hydrogen?
ANSWER: LAVOISIER
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Moles of solute divided by kilograms of solvent is expression for:
w) molarity
x) solute-to-solution ratio
y) mole percentage
z) molality
ANSWER: Z -- MOLALITY
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: 0.51!C/molal is the molal:
w) freezing-point constant for water
x) boiling-point constant for water
y) vapor-temperature constant for water
z) heat of solution for water
ANSWER: X -- BOILING-POINT CONSTANT FOR WATER
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Name the conjugate base of the bicarbonate ion.
ANSWER: CARBONATE ION
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the formula for Hypochlorous Acid?
ANSWER: HClO
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: The bond most likely to be formed when two atoms differ
SOMEWHAT in their tendency to attract electrons is:
w) nonpolar ionic
x) polar ionic
y) polar covalent
z) nonpolar covalent
ANSWER: Y -- POLAR COVALENT
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 84
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: What is the expected bond angle in H2S when the bonding is
described using hydrogen-like atomic orbitals?
w) 180o
x) 120o
y) 109.5o
z) 90o
ANSWER: Z -- 90o
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Zinc is most soluble in which of the following liquids?
w) Water
x) Alchohol
y) Mercury
z) Oil
ANSWER: Y -- MERCURY
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: What is the primary CONSTITUENT of human bones?
w) Calcium sulfate
x) Calcium carbonate
y) Hydroxyapatite (pron: high-drox-ee-ap-eh-tite)
z) Chloroapatite (pron: klor-o-ap-eh-tite)
ANSWER: Y -- HYDROXYAPATITE
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: One property a colloidal dispersion has that a solution does not is:
w) homogeneity
x) filterability
y) the Tyndall effect
z) osmotic pressure
ANSWER: Y -- THE TYNDALL EFFECT
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: A family of organic compounds containing only carb and hydrogen
and having only single bonds are the:
w) alkenes and alkanes
x) alkanes and cycloalkanes
y) alkynes (pron: AL-kines) and alkenes
z) cycloalkanes and alkenes
ANSWER: B -- ALKANES AND CYCLOALKANES
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 85
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: In quantum chemistry, a nodal surface:
w) gives 99 percent contour surface for an orbital
x) exists for a 1s orbital
y) has quantum number l = 1
z) is an orbital surface on which the probability density is zero
ANSWER: Z -- IS AN ORBITAL SURFACE ON WHICH THE PROBABILITY
DENSITY IS ZERO
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following elements has the largest crystallographic
radius?
w) Mg
x) N
y) K
z) F
ANSWER: Y -- K
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What bond angle is associated with sp3 (read: S - P - hybrid orbitals?
ANSWER: 109.5 DEGREES
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following substances would be expecte to have the
highest melting point?
w) Potassium Bromide
x) Iodine
y) Methane
z) Hydrogen Chloride
ANSWER: W -- POTASSIUM BROMIDE
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following aqueous solutions would hav the lowest
boiling point? Would it be a 1.0 molal solution of:
w) Hydrochloric acid
x) Sodium Hydroxide
y) Acetic Acid,
z) Magnesium Chloride
ANSWER: Y -- ACETIC ACID
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 86
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: The three isotopes of hydrogen are protium, tritiu and:
w) heprin
x) helium
y) duodenum
z) deuterium
ANSWER: Z -- DEUTERIUM
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the atomic number of uranium?
ANSWER: 92
CHEM-92; Short Answer: To which class of organic chemical compounds does rhamnose (pron;
ram-nose) belong?
ANSWER: SUGARS or CARBOHYDRATE
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of these molecules is bound by ionic bonds?
w) H2O
x) CH4
y) NaCl
z) C6H12O6
ANSWER: Y -- NaCl
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: The equilibrium constant for the gas phase reactio A + B = C + D is
10-3. The rate of the forward reaction is 10-11 cubic centimeters per molecule per second. What
is the rate constant of the reverse reaction?
w) 10 cubic centimeters per molecule per second
x) 10-8 cubic centimeters per molecule per second
y) 10-10 cubic centimeters per molecule per second
z) 10-14 cubic centimeters per molecule per second
ANSWER: Z -- 10-14 CUBIC CENTIMETERS PER MOLECULE PER SECOND
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 87
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: The chemical symbol for Plutonium is:
w) Pl (read: P - L)
x) Pu
y) Pt
z) Pm
ANSWER: X -- Pu
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: A nonpolar molecule is usually:
w) hydrophilic
x) soluble in water
y) hydrophytic
z) soluble in organic solvents
ANSWER: Z -- SOLUBLE IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which compound is a monosaccharide?
w) maltose
x) sucrose
y) glucose
z) glycogen
ANSWER: Y -- GLUCOSE
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: What acid is prevalent in the human stomach?
w) sulfuric acid
x) nitric acid
y) muriatic acid
z) amino acids
ANSWER: Y -- MURIATIC ACID
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Another name for milk sugar is:
w) glucose
x) maltose
y) lactose
z) fructose
ANSWER: Y -- LACTOSE
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 88
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Molecular oxygen is said to be paramagnetic. This indicates that
molecular oxygen:
w) is a gas at room temperature
x) forms molecules containing two oxygen atoms
y) has an approximate molecular weight of 32
z) has unpaired electrons
ANSWER: Z -- HAS UNPAIRED ELECTRONS
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the oxidation number of Bismuth in the compound Bismuth
Phosphide?
ANSWER: + 3 (accept 3)
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: What is the molecular geometry of XeO2 (Xenon Dioxide)?
w) linear
x) angular
y) tetrahedral
z) trigonal planar
ANSWER: X -- ANGULAR
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: What is the molecular geometry of the Bromine Tetraflouride ion
(B-F-4-minus 1)
w) linear
x) angular
y) tetrahedral
z) pyramidal
ANSWER: Y -- TETRAHEDRAL
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: What is the molecular geometry of thiocyanate (pron:
thie-owe-SIE-a-nate) ion (SCN minus 1)?
w) linear
x) angular
y) tetrahedral
z) pyramidal
ANSWER: W -- LINEAR
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 89
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which one of the following molecules exhibits resonance?
w) Carbon Tetrachloride
x) Carbonate ion
y) Sulfur Dichloride
z) Phosphorus Tribromide
ANSWER: X -- CARBONATE ION
CHEM-92; Short Answer: How many electron lone pairs are on the central atom in Hydrogen
Sulfide?
ANSWER: TWO
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following has a multiple covalent bond?
w) Bromine
x) Hydrogen
y) Oxygen
z) Chlorine Monofluoride
ANSWER: Y -- OXYGEN
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following molecules is polar?
w) Iodine
x) Carbon Dioxide
y) Carbon Monoxide
z) Chlorine
ANSWER: Y -- CARBON MONOXIDE
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following elements would form a covalent bond with
Bromine?
w) Calcium
x) Aluminum
y) Oxygen
z) Tin
ANSWER: Y -- OXYGEN
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 90
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the formula for Calcium Nitride?
ANSWER: Ca3N2
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: In which form is Silicon most frequently found in nature?
w) The free element Silicon
x) Silicon-Oxygen compounds
y) Silicon-Carbon compounds
z) Silicon-Metal compounds
ANSWER: X -- SILICON-OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Compared to Chlorine, Bromine has:
w) smaller atomic size
x) higher density
y) lower boiling point
z) greater number of outer electrons
ANSWER: X -- HIGHER DENSITY
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following best describes Chlorine?
w) colorless liquid
x) reddish-brown liquid
y) colorless gas
z) greenish-yellow gas
ANSWER: D -- GREENISH-YELLOW GAS
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Which of the STABLE Group IA elements will have the lowest
melting point?
ANSWER: CESIUM
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following elements has the highest first ionization
energy?
w) Helium
x) Neon
y) Fluorine
z) Argon
ANSWER: W -- HELIUM
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 91
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Which member of the GROUP SIX A elements is the least metallic?
ANSWER: OXYGEN
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following elements would most likely be a silvery solid
at room temperature?
w) Sodium
x) Silicon
y) Selenium
z) Astatine
ANSWER: W -- SODIUM
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the oxidation number of Manganese in Potassium
Permanganate?
ANSWER: PLUS SEVEN
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Proceeding across a period in the Periodic Table, what atomic size
trend is observed?
ANSWER: ATOMIC SIZE DECREASES
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following groups of elements have an OUTER
ELECTRONIC configuration of S-2-P-2?
w) halogens
x) Nitrogen-Phosphorus Group
y) Carbon-Silicon Group
z) Boron-Aluminum Group
ANSWER: Y -- CARBON-SILICON GROUP
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Which group of elements have an outer electronic configuration of
S-2-P-6?
ANSWER: NOBLE GASES
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 92
CHEM-92; Short Answer: At what temperature are the Fahrenheit and Celsius scales equal to
each other?
ANSWER: MINUS FORTY DEGREES
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Name the Greek philosopher who first proposed the idea that matter
was composed of small indivisible particles.
ANSWER: DEMOCRITUS
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Who is considered the father of modern Chemistry?
ANSWER: LAVOISIER
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the common name for Potassium Aluminum Sulfate
dodecahydrate?
ANSWER: ALUM
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: AS A GROUP, the halogens have the largest:
w) atomic radii
x) Boiling points
y) electronegativities
z) ionization energies
ANSWER: Y -- ELECTRONEGATIVITIES
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the formula for Lithium Peroxide?
ANSWER: Li2O2
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: What is the chemical formula for soda ash?
ANSWER: Na2 CO3
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the formula for Hydrosulfuric acid?
ANSWER: H2S
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 93
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the formula for Periodic acid?
ANSWER: H5IO6
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the formula for the compound that is formed from Sodium and
Fluorine?
ANSWER: NaF
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the name for the ClO-1 (read: C-L-O-Minus-One) ion?
ANSWER: HYPOCHLORITE
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Name this chemical element. The principal use of this element has
been in solid-state electronic devices, notably transistors. Its position in the periodic table is in
group "4A". The element's atomic number is 32 and its chemical symbol is Ge.
ANSWER: GERMANIUM
CHEM-92; Short Answer: This colorless liquid has a mild characteristic odor. Its chemical
formula is C2H5OH. Name this liquid.
ANSWER: ETHYL ALCOHOL or ETHANOL
CHEM-92; Short Answer: A beaker of ethyl alcohol is marked 188 proof. What percentage of
the liquid is ethyl alcohol?
ANSWER: 94%
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the simplest gem in chemical composition?
ANSWER: DIAMOND
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Name the chemical element that is eleventh in the Lanthanide Series in
the periodic table. Because of the metal's high thermal-neutron-absorption cross section, it has
been of much interest in terms of use in nuclear reactor hardware. The chemical symbol for this
element is Er.
ANSWER: ERBIUM
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 94
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Relative to a solution with a pH of 4, a solution of pH = 6 is:
w) higher in H+ concentration
x) lower in OHy)
less basic
z) less acidic
ANSWER: Z -- LESS ACIDIC
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the chemical solvent DMF called?
ANSWER: -- DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE (pron: die-meth-il-FOR-ma-mide)
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is an amalgam?
ANSWER: AN ALLOY OF A METAL AND MERCURY
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the oxidation state of nitrogen in nitrous acid?
ANSWER: +3
CHEM-92; Short Answer: If one begins with a 12 Normal solution of HCl and wishes to make a
2 Molar solution, what will be the ratio of 12N HCl to the final solution volume?
ANSWER: 1:6
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: A cobalt chloride solution soaked into a piece of cotton can be used
as an indicator for changes in humidity levels. Pink indicates a high-humidity environment and
blue a low-humidity environment. What are these color changes caused by:
w) The ionization and reduction of the cobalt plus two slash cobalt plus three couple.
x) The vaporization and redeposition of cobalt chloride.
y) The loss and readsorption of the cobalt's waters of hydration.
z) This is an illustration of the Schrodinger principle.
ANSWER: Y -- THE LOSS AND READSORPTION OF THE COBALT'S WATERS
OF HYDRATION.
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 95
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: pH is defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion
concentration. Comparing a pH 5 and a pH 8 solution, which of the following is true?
w) There are 1,000 times more hydrogen ions in the pH 8 solution.
x) There are 1,000 times more hydrogen ions in the pH 5 solution.
y) There are 3 times more hydrogen ions in the pH 8 solution.
z) Cannot tell the difference between these two solutions by pH, since the numbers are so
close.
ANSWER: X -- THERE ARE 1,000 TIMES MORE HYDROGEN IONS IN THE PH
5 SOLUTION
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Joseph Priestly was working in England when he discovered oxygen.
He actually did more research in another country where he died and is buried. What is the second
country where he worked?
ANSWER: UNITED STATES
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Ethylene diamine tetraacetoacetate (pron:
te-tra-a-see-tow-AS-e-tate) (EDTW) is often used for which of the following:
w) Determine hardness of water
x) Measure the amount of zinc in a solution.
y) A preservative in foods
z) All of the above
ANSWER: Z -- ALL OF THE ABOVE
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: The common alloy, babbit metal, which is composed of tin,
antimony, and copper, is best known for its use in:
w) magnets
x) bearings
y) dental fillings
z) drinking vessels
ANSWER: X -- BEARINGS
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 96
CHEM-92; Short Answer: The boiling point of normal paraffinic (pron: pair-ah-FIN-ik)
hydrocarbons increases with the number of carbon atoms per molecule. What is the smallest
number of carbon atoms a normal paraffinic hydrocarbon can have and still be a liquid at room
temperature (70-75 degrees Fahrenheit) and 1 atmosphere pressure.
ANSWER: FIVE
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: The boiling points of the halogens increase going from F2 to I2.
What type of intermolecular forces are responsible for this trend?
w) permanent dipole
x) hydrogen bonding
y) ion-ion attraction
z) London dispersion forces
ANSWER: Z -- LONDON DISPERSION FORCES
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: A sample of grapefruit juice at 25 degrees Celsius has a hydronium
concentration of 1.78 X 10-3 molar. What is the pH of the solution?
w) 2.22
x) 2.75
y) 3.25
z) 6.33
ANSWER: X -- 2.75
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the name given to an element that exists in two or more
physical forms?
ANSWER: ALLOTROPIC
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Graphite carbon atoms form planar layers in what regular geometric
arrangement?
ANSWER: HEXAGONAL
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Planar Platinum compounds are being investigated in the treatment of
cancer. Name the isomers of dichlorodiamineplatinum(II) (pron:
die-klor-o-di-a-MIN-e-plat-i-num two)?
ANSWER: CIS AND TRANS (DICHLORODIAMINEPLATINUM (II)
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 97
CHEM-92; Short Answer: The block of elements in the periodic table which are filling the 4-f
electron shell are known as:
ANSWER: LANTHANIDES
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the oxidation state of chromium in potassium dichromate?
ANSWER: +6 (or 6)
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following has the smallest atomic radius?
w) iodine
x) chlorine
y) fluorine
z) bromine
ANSWER: Y -- FLUORINE
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the literal meaning of the word "chromatography"?
ANSWER: COLOR-WRITING (or equivalent terminology)
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an example of a "cation":
w) ammonium
x) chloride
y) sulfate
z) oxalate
ANSWER: W -- AMMONIUM
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT an organic acid?
w) butyric (pron: byu-TEER-ik)
x) sulfuric
y) acetic
z) citric
ANSWER: X -- SULFURIC
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 98
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Identify any FIVE elements named after astronomical bodies:
ANSWER: PALLADIUM; URANIUM; PLUTONIUM; NEPTUNIUM;
SELENIUM; TELLERIUM; HELIUM; CERIUM
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Isomers which are chemically identical but cannot be superimposed on
each other are called what?
ANSWER: STEREOISOMERS or ENANTIOMERS
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: In Celsius, the freezing point of a one-molal water solution of
sodium phosphate, chemical formula Na3PO4, is expected to be:
w) - 0.93 degrees Celsius
x) - 1.86 degrees Celsius
y) - 7.44 degrees Celsius
z) - 3.72 degrees Celsius
ANSWER: C -- (- 7.44 DEGREES CELSIUS)
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the name given to the temperature and pressure at which
solid, liquid, and gas coexist for a pure material?
ANSWER: TRIPLE POINT
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following metals is obtained from its most common
ore using an electrolytic process?
w) nickel
x) tin
y) aluminum
z) manganese
ANSWER: Y -- ALUMINUM
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What would be the volume, in liters, of 11 grams of CO2 at standard
temperature and pressure?
ANSWER: 5.6 LITERS
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 99
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: When a radioisotope undergoes beta minus decay, does its atomic
number:
w) increase
x) decrease
y) remain the same
z) vary depending on the element involved
ANSWER: W -- INCREASE
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following forms the weakest acid in aqueous solution?
w) hydrogen fluoride
x) hydrogen chloride
y) hydrogen bromide
z) hydrogen iodide
ANSWER: W -- HYDROGEN FLUORIDE
CHEM-92; Short Answer: How many molecules of an ideal gas are there in 22.414 liters at 10
atmospheres pressure and 0 degrees C?
ANSWER: 6.02 x 1024 (or accept 10 x AVAGADRO'S NUMBER)
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Name this chemical element. It is a member of the Lanthanide Series
and can be found in the minerals apatite (pron: AP-a-tite), gadolinite (pron: gad-O-lin-ite), and
xenotime (pron: ZEN-o- time). This element was first identified by Boisbaudran in 1886. Its
chemical symbol is Dy.
ANSWER: DYSPROSIUM (pron: dis-PRO-zee-um)
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Oxygen has a valence number of -1 in:
w) Sodium Peroxide
x) Potassium Chlorate
y) Water
z) Sodium Hydroxide
ANSWER: W -- SODIUM PEROXIDE
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 100
CHEM-92; Short Answer: The molecular weight of H2SO4 is 98. How many grams of H2SO4
are contained in 1 liter of a 1 Normal solution?
ANSWER: 49 grams of H2SO4
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: The oxidation number of chlorine in KClO4 is:
w) -1
x) +3
y) +7
z) +1
ANSWER: C -- +7
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: What is a typical spacing between atoms in a crystal, e.g., copper or
rock salt?
w) 0.1 Angstroms
x) 2 Angstroms
y) 20 Angstroms
z) 100 Angstroms
ANSWER: B -- 2 ANGSTROMS
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Mendeleev proposed the existence of an unknown element that he
called eka-aluminum. The element is now called:
w) magnesium
x) silicon
y) gallium
z) germanium
ANSWER: C -- GALLIUM
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which one of the following is classified as a covalent network solid
crystal?
w) CaO
x) SiO2
y) CO2
z) Pb
ANSWER: B -- SiO2
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 101
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Foods cooked in salt water compared to unsalted water will:
w) cook faster
x) boil at a lower temperature
y) not be affected in any way
z) will cook slower because of the action of the salt
ANSWER: W -- COOK FASTER
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Name the two elements that are liquids at 25 degrees Celsius.
ANSWER: BROMINE (Br) AND MERCURY (Hg)
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Crystals of ice are:
w) isometric
x) tetragonal
y) hexagonal
z) orthorombic
ANSWER: Y -- HEXAGONAL
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Name the atom that has one proton and no neutrons?
ANSWER: HYDROGEN
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What are the only two metallic elements that end with the letter "d"?
ANSWER: GOLD AND LEAD
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: What device is used to remove sulfur dioxide from power plant
stack gases?
w) scrubber
x) precipitator
y) digester
z) clarifier
ANSWER: W -- SCRUBBER
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 102
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: The lunar soil consists primarily of:
w) FeTiO2
x) A12O3
y) SiO2
z) H2O
ANSWER: W -- FeTiO2
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: The metallic element with the highest melting point is:
w) Ta
x) W
y) Rh
z) Mo
ANSWER: X -- W
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: The greatest reservoir of carbon dioxide is:
w) the atmosphere
x) plants
y) the soil
z) the oceans
ANSWER: Z -- THE OCEANS
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: What are the major constituents of typical fly ash particles
generated from the combustion of coal?
w) acidic and basic oxides
x) trace elements
y) unburned carbon
z) sulfates and phosphates
ANSWER: W -- ACIDIC AND BASIC OXIDES
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Which of the following molecules has a permanent electric dipole
moment?
w) H2O
x) Cl2
y) CH4
z) N2
ANSWER: W -- H2O
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 103
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Within a given period of the periodic table, the element with the
lowest ionization energy is:
w) transition metal
x) alkali metal
y) halogen
z) noble gas
ANSWER: X -- ALKALI METAL
CHEM-92; Short Answer: A sample of gas has a volume of 210 cubic centimeters at a
temperature of 250 degrees Kelvin. The temperature is raised to 500 degrees Kelvin while the
pressure remains unchanged. What is the new volume of the gas.
ANSWER: 420 CUBIC CENTIMETERS
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: A substance that accepts an electron pair is classified as a:
w) bronsted-lowry acid
x) bronsted-lowry base
y) lewis acid
z) lewis base
ANSWER: Y -- LEWIS ACID
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: In general, as you move down a family the ionization energy:
w) increases
x) decreases
y) remains the same
z) increases or decreases
ANSWER: X -- DECREASES
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: In general, as you move across a period (left to right)
electronegativity:
w) increases
x) decreases
y) remains the same
z) increases or decreases
ANSWER: W -- INCREASES
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 104
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: Absorption into the nucleus of an electron from the K shell is called,
"electron capture". When this happens to 18Ar37 (read: A - R, 37, atomic number 18), the
product is:
w) 17Cl37 (read: C - L, 37, atomic number 17)
x) 17Cl38 (read: C - L, 38, atomic number 17)
y) 19K37 (read: K, 37, atomic number 19)
z) 19K38 (read: K, 38, atomic number 19)
ANSWER: W -- 17C137
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Name either of the elements which, in the form of oxides, contributes
to the formation of acid rain.
ANSWER: NITROGEN OR SULFUR
CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: An aldehyde can be oxidized to form:
w) a ketone
x) an acid
y) an alcohol
z) an ester
ANSWER: X -- AN ACID
CHEM-92; Short Answer: This drug, used for treatment of cardiac diseases, is obtained from the
purple foxglove.
ANSWER: DIGITALIS
CHEM-92; Short Answer: The first plastic was a mixture of cellulose nitrate and camphor
invented in the 1860's by John Hyatt. What was the trademark given to this material?
ANSWER: CELLULOID
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 105
CHEM-92; Short Answer: This natural fiber obtained from the stems of a plant of the nettle
family has found popularity in modern fibers with a high wet strength, absorbent but dries quickly,
it can be spun or woven, has a high rot and mildew resistance and elasticity 50 percent greater
than that of CHEM-92; Multiple Choice: What transuranic element is often used in satellites as a
source of heat or power?
w) Plutonium-238
x) Strontium-90
y) Cesium-137
z) Uranium-235
ANSWER: W -- PLUTONIUM-238
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What gas is given off when an acid reacts with chalk?
ANSWER: CARBON DIOXIDE
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the chemical composition of quartz?
ANSWER: SiO2 or SILICON DIOXIDE
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What metal is often obtained from deposits of Hematite?
ANSWER: IRON
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the hybridization assumed for phosphorus in PCl5?
ANSWER: d sp3
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What are alkenes having two double bonds separated by one single
bond known as?
ANSWER: CONJUGATED DIENES
CHEM-92; Short Answer: The six carbon cyclic alkane is called what?
ANSWER: CYCLOHEXANE
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 106
CHEM-92; Short Answer: Compounds of the same atomic content and molecular formula but
with differing structures are called what?
ANSWER: ISOMERS
CHEM-92; Short Answer: What is the oxidation number of Bismuth in the compound Bismuth
Phosphide?
ANSWER: PLUS 3 (or 3)
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Elements that exist in two or more distinctly different solid forms
are known as:
w) azeotropes
x) allotropes
y) isotopes
z) isochores
ANSWER: X -- ALLOTROPES
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following statements is not one of the three basic
assumptions of the kinetic theory?
w) Matter is composed of very tiny particles.
x) The particles of matter are in constant motion.
y) The particles of matter lose energy in collisions.
ANSWER: Y -- THE PARTICLES OF MATTER LOSE ENERGY IN COLLOSIONS
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the 3rd period elements loses electrons most readily?
w) Sodium
x) Magnesium
y) Aluminum
z) Silicon
ANSWER: A-SODIUM
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 107
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Of the nonmetallic elements the one least likely to be found in
organic compounds is:
w) nitrogen
x) phosphorus
y) chlorine
z) selenium
ANSWER: Z -- SELENIUM
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: A waste product in the metabolism of glucose in cells is:
w) oxygen
x) methane
y) carbon dioxide
z) urea
ANSWER: C -- CARBON DIOXIDE
CHEM-93; Short Answer: At what Kelvin temperature does entropy have the minimum value?
ANSWER: ZERO
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Diamond has each of the following properties except:
w) extreme hardness
x) ability to conduct electricity
y) high melting point
z) tendency to burn in air
ANSWER: X -- ABILITY TO CONDUCT ELECTRICITY
CHEM-93; Short Answer: What is the collective term used to describe substances such as Orlon,
Nylon, polyethylene, and polyurethane foam?
ANSWER: POLYMER
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 108
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following is not a polymer?
w) rayon
x) Teflon
y) rubber
z) penicillin
ANSWER: Z -- PENICILLIN
CHEM-93; Short Answer: What term defines the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature
of one gram of matter by one degree C.
ANSWER: SPECIFIC HEAT (OR HEAT CAPACITY)
CHEM-93; Short Answer: What thermodynamic function is a quantitative measure of disorder?
ANSWER: ENTROPY
CHEM-93; Short Answer: How many millimeters of mercury are equal to one atmosphere at sea
level?
ANSWER: 760 MILLIMETERS
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: What is the process by which an atom gains electrons?
w) Reduction
x) Neutralization
y) Electrolysis
z) Oxidation
ANSWER: W -- REDUCTION
CHEM-93; Short Answer: Give the names of four alkali metals:
ANSWER: LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CESIUM, AND
FRANCIUM
CHEM-93; Short Answer: What is the term commonly used for mass per unit volume?
ANSWER: DENSITY
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 109
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following is TRUE of a sample of gas at a constant
temperature when the pressure is doubled?
w)the volume doubles
x)the volume halves
y)the volume remains the same
ANSWER: X -- THE VOLUME HALVES
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Immiscible liquids:
w) are not mutually soluble
x) dissolve in each other
y) dissolve in more than one liquid
z) are unstable and chemically react
e) do not exist
ANSWER: W -- ARE NOT MUTUALLY SOLUBLE
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following would be least soluble in water?
w) Carbon Tetrachloride
x) Sodium Oxide
y) Magnesium Bromide
z) Potassium Phosphate
ANSWER: W -- CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following is the term used for the resistance of a liquid
system to flow?
w) surface tension
x) diffusion
y) viscosity
ANSWER: Y -- VISCOSITY
CHEM-93; Short Answer: What is the standard unit of measure for viscosity?
ANSWER: POISE (ACCEPT PASCAL-SECONDS)
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 110
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: The critical temperature is the temperature:
w) above which a substance cannot be vaporized
x) at which the density is a minimum
y) at which solid, liquid, and vapor are in equilibrium
z) above which the substance cannot be liquified.
ANSWER: Z -- ABOVE WHICH THE SUBSTANCE CANNOT BE LIQUIFIED.
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following substances would be the best choice to
neutralize sulfuric acid?
w) sodium hydroxide
x) silicon dioxide
y) copper metal
z) phosphorus pentoxide
ANSWER: W -- SODIUM HYDROXIDE
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: A compound which is an electron pair donor is generally classified
as a:
w) Lewis acid
x) Bronsted base
y) Bronsted acid
z) Lewis base
ANSWER: Z -- LEWIS BASE
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Buffer solutions show which one of the following traits:
w) absorb acid and base with only small changes in pH x) indefinite stability
y) high elasticity
z) abnormal density
ANSWER: W -- ABSORB ACID AND BASE WITH ONLY SMALL CHANGES IN pH
CHEM-93; Short Answer: Who constructed the first cyclotron?
ANSWER: (ERNEST O.) LAWRENCE
CHEM-93; Short Answer: What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy an s atomic
orbital?
ANSWER: 2
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 111
CHEM-93; Short Answer: By what name is dinitrogen oxide commonly known?
ANSWER: LAUGHING GAS (ACCEPT NITROUS OR NITROUS OXIDE)
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Relative to the pure solvent, the boiling point of a solution is:
w) higher
x) lower
y) at the same temperature
ANSWER: W -- HIGHER
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following is the element which makes up about 8
percent of the earth's crust and occurs in all rocks except limestone and sandstone?
w) sulfur
x) aluminum
y) sodium
z) magnesium
ANSWER: X -- ALUMINUM
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which one of the following metals is immune to corrosion by air,
water, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid; but is soluble in aqua regia?
w) gold
x) silver
y) magnesium
z) nickel
ANSWER: W -- GOLD
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which one of the following metals is essential to the structure and
functioning of hemoglobin?
w) copper
x) magnesium
y) tin
z) iron
ANSWER: Z -- IRON
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 112
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following would you measure using a calorimeter?
w) specific heat
x) weight
y) specific gravity
z) density
ANSWER: W -- SPECIFIC HEAT
CHEM-93; Short Answer: Who first postulated the statement "equal volumes of gases, at the
same temperature and pressure, contain equal numbers of molecules."
ANSWER: (AMADEO) AVOGADRO
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: The energy required to melt one mole of a solid at its melting point
is called one of the following.
w) the molar heat of fusion
x) the molar hear of vaporization
y) the molar heat of capacity
z) the melting point
ANSWER: W -- THE MOLAR HEAT OF FUSION
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Gamma rays are similar to X rays in which of the following ways?
w) they have neither rest mass nor charge
x) they can be bent in an electric field
y) they originate within the nucleus
z) they are of low energy
ANSWER: W -- HAVE NEITHER REST MASS NOR CHARGE
CHEM-93; Short Answer: How many isotopes of hydrogen are known?
ANSWER: 3
CHEM-93; Short Answer: At what Celsius temperature should all molecular motion cease?
ANSWER: -273.16 DEGREES CELSIUS (ACCEPT -273)
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 113
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which element is associated with the term "galvanized"?
w) gallium
x) zinc
y) mercury
z) nickel
ANSWER: X -- ZINC
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the properties listed below would you expect a solution to
have if it is an acid?
w) It feels slippery to the touch.
x) It tastes bitter.
y) It turns red litmus blue.
z) It is a conductor of electricity.
ANSWER: Z -- IT IS A CONDUCTOR OF ELECTRICITY.
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following compounds has the highest energy content?
w) protein
x) fats
y) carbohydrate
ANSWER: X -- FATS
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: The orbital angular momemtum quantum number indicates which
one of the following?
w) the average distance of the electrons from the nucleus
x) the direction of spin of the electron
y) the shape of the orbital
z) the position about the three axes in space of the orbital
ANSWER: Y -- THE SHAPE OF THE ORBITAL
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 114
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: The characteristic bonds in nonmetal oxides are which of the
following types?
w) network
x) covalent
y) ionic
z) coordinate covalent
ANSWER: X -- COVALENT
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Lead-206 is the final product of the radioactive decay series named
the:
w) thorium series
x) actinium series
y) uranium series
z) neptunium series
ANSWER: Y -- URANIUM SERIES
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: As water solidifies it does one of the following:
w) gives off heat and contracts
x) gives off heat and expands
y) takes in heat and contracts
z) takes in heat and expands
ANSWER: X -- GIVES OFF HEAT AND EXPANDS
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Carbon atoms link together with other carbon atoms in all of the
following ways EXCEPT
w) networks
x) chains
y) ionic bonds
z) rings
ANSWER: Y -- IONIC BONDS
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 115
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Carbon monoxide is a poisonous gas for one of the following
reasons.
w) it is a powerful acid anhydride
x) it combines with the hemoglobin of the blood
y) it depletes the dissolved oxygen in the blood by forming carbon dioxide
z) it is a strong oxidizing agent
ANSWER: X -- IT COMBINES WITH THE HEMOGLOBIN OF THE BLOOD
-
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: To increase the solubility of a gas in a liquid as much as possible,
we would use:
w) low temperature and high pressure.
x) high temperature and high pressure.
y) high temperature and low pressure.
z) low temperature and low pressure.
ANSWER: W -- LOW TEMPERATURE AND HIGH PRESSURE.
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: The silver luster of the metals can be attributed to one of the
following. It is attributed to their free
w) protons
x) ions
y) neutrons
z) electrons
ANSWER: Z -- ELECTRONS
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Radon differs from other naturally radioactive elements in which
one of the following ways. Is it because radon
w) is extremely radioactive
x) decays into the element radium
y) is a noble gas
z) is as chemically active as fluorine
ANSWER: Y -- IS A NOBLE GAS
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 116
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: If the volume of a gas changes by a factor of 3, with pressure
remaining constant, the temperature in Kelvin will change by a factor of:
w) 1/9
x) 1/3
y) 3
z) 9
ANSWER: Y -- 3
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following substances is classified as amorphous?
w) glass
x) Zinc
y) diamond
z) sodium chloride
ANSWER: W -- GLASS
CHEM-93; Short Answer: What occurs when the vapor pressure of a liquid equals atmospheric
pressure?
ANSWER: IT BEGINS TO BOIL
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Nature tends to move toward states of:
w) high energy and disorder
x) high energy and order
y) low energy and disorder
z) low energy and order
ANSWER: Y -- LOW ENERGY AND DISORDER
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: The bubbling off of carbon dioxide when a bottle of carbonated
beverage is opened is a good example of:
w) deliquescence
x) effervescence
y) condensation
z) sublimation
ANSWER: EFFERVESCENCE
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 117
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: The process of a solid converting directly into a gas is called:
w) fusion
x) sublimation
y) condensation
z) distillation
ANSWER: X -- SUBLIMATION
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which is the HEAVIEST of the following molecules:
w) butane
x) ethane
y) methane
z) propane
ANSWER: W -- BUTANE
CHEM-93; Short Answer: In electrolysis, what process always occurs at the anode?
ANSWER: OXIDATION
CHEM-93; Short Answer: What is the common name for 2,4,6, Trinitrotoluene (read:
tri-nitro-toluene)?
ANSWER: TNT
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which oxide of the following metals is often used as a pigment in
white paint?
w) titanium
x) cobalt
y) nickel
z) vanadium
ANSWER: W -- TITANIUM
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 118
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following terms means that a crystal has the ability to
capture and hold water molecules?
w) hydroponic
x) hygroscopic
y) hydrophobic
z) hydropholectic
ANSWER: X -- HYGROSCOPIC
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following terms has as its definition: a mixture having
continuous and dispersed phases?
w) colloid
x) solute
y) suspension
z) solvent
ANSWER: W -- COLLOID
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following properties is greater for a solution than for
the pure solvent?
w) freezing point
x) vapor pressure
y) temperature
z) boiling point
ANSWER: D -- BOILING POINT
CHEM-93; Short Answer: The main constituent of antifreeze is what organic compound?
ANSWER: ETHYLENE GLYCOL
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following terms denotes the polar molecules or
negative ions clustered about a central positive ion?
w) ligands
x) isomers
y) complex ions
z) dipoles
ANSWER: W -- LIGAND
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 119
CHEM-93; Short Answer: What is the most common solvent?
ANSWER: WATER
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: If the pressure of a gas is increased by a factor of 4, and the
temperature is kept constant, the volume of the gas will change by which of the following factors?
w) 4
x) 2
y) 1/2
z) 1/4
ANSWER: Z -- 1/4
CHEM-93; Short Answer: What form of carbon is useful as a lubricant?
ANSWER: GRAPHITE
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: The atomic number of a nucleus will increase by 1 if which of the
following is emitted by the nucleus?
w) an alpha particle
x) a positron
y) a beta particle
z) a gamma ray
ANSWER: Y -- BETA PARTICLE
CHEM-93; Short Answer: What is the chemical name for wood alcohol?
ANSWER: METHANOL or METHYL ALCOHOL
CHEM-93; Short Answer: What is the main constituent of nail polish remover?
ANSWER: ACETONE
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 120
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: As one moves down a group of the periodic table, the tendency to
lose electrons does which of the following?
w) increase
x) decrease
y) stay the same
ANSWER: W -- INCREASE
CHEM-93; Short Answer: The Earth's stratosphere contains ozone. Give the chemical formula
for ozone?
ANSWER: O3 (pron: Oh - three)
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: An organic liquid will generally have a specific gravity?
w) equal to that of water
x) less than that of water
y) greater than that of water
ANSWER: X -- LESS THAN THAT OF WATER
CHEM-93; Short Answer: Acetylene is commonly used in a gas welding torch. Give the
molecular formula for acetylene.
ANSWER: C2H2 or HC2H or H2C2
CHEM-93; Short Answer: What is the name of the least massive carboxylic (read:
car-box-ILL-iy) acid.
ANSWER: FORMIC ACID
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Peroxides such as hydrogen peroxide and benzoyl peroxide are
commonly used in small quantities in over-the-counter preparations such as antiseptics and acne
creams. What hazard do peroxides present in higher concentrations?
w) explosive
x) strongly acidic
y) strongly basic
z) there is no hazard
ANSWER: W -- EXPLOSIVE
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 121
CHEM-93; Short Answer: Give me the name of two elements that are liquid at room temperature.
ANSWER: BROMINE AND MERCURY
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Sodium chloride is an example of what kind of compound?
w) ionic
x) covalent
y) polyatomic
z) monatomic
ANSWER: W -- IONIC
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: A COPPER strip is placed in one compartment of a voltaic cell and
a wire connects this strip to a piece of metal in the other compartment through a voltmeter. If the
voltmeter reads zero, the other piece of metal is:
w) zinc
x) mercury
y) silver
z) copper
ANSWER: Z -- COPPER
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Isobaric processes take place at constant:
w) temperature
x) volume
y) pressure
z) energy
ANSWER: Y -- PRESSURE
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following nitrogen-containing compounds is most
readily used by plants?
w) nitrogen dioxide
x) ammonia
y) nitrous oxide
z) nitrate
ANSWER: Z -- NITRATE
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 122
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following organic compounds is known as a saturated
chain hydrocarbon ?
w) an aromatic compound
x) an alkene
y) an alkyne
z) an alkane
ANSWER: Z -- AN ALKANE
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: In terms of quality, what is the highest ranked coal?
w) peat
x) bituminous
y) anthracite
z) lignite
ANSWER: Y -- ANTHRACITE
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: The force responsible for drops of liquid assuming a spherical shape
is known as:
w) strong nuclear force
x) Van der Waals attraction
y) surface tension
z) osmotic pressure
ANSWER: Y -- SURFACE TENSION
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: If a piece of metal at -20 degrees Celsius is added to an ice and
water mixture in equilibrium at 0 degrees Celsius, the amount of ice will:
w) Increase
x) Remain the same
y) Decrease
ANSWER: W -- INCREASE
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 123
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following materials is the chief source of natural
organic compounds?
w) petroleum
x) coal
y) natural gas
z) carbon dioxide
ANSWER: W -- PETROLEUM
CHEM-93; Short Answer: What two products are formed when a hydrocarbon is oxidized to
completion?
ANSWER: CO2 AND H2O (CARBON DIOXIDE AND WATER)
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following elements does not normally occur as a
diatomic molecule?
w) hydrogen
x) chlorine
y) argon
z) oxygen
ANSWER: Y -- ARGON
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following metals can be obtained from its ore only by
electrolysis of a molten salt ?
w) cobalt
x) chromium
y) copper
z) sodium
ANSWER: Z -- SODIUM
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 124
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following elements does not occur in nature as a native
ore?
w) silver
x) gold
y) platinum
z) aluminum
ANSWER: Z -- ALUMINUM
CHEM-93; Short Answer: If a potassium iodide solution is electrolyzed, at what electrode would
the potassium appear?
ANSWER: CATHODE
CHEM-93; Short Answer: When combining acid and water, which should go in first?
ANSWER: THE WATER
CHEM-93; Short Answer: What is the name given to compounds having the same chemical
composition but different structural arrangement?
ANSWER: ISOMERS
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following gases cannot be collected by water
displacement?
w) Nitrogen
x) Oxygen
y) Hydrogen
z) Hydrogen Chloride
ANSWER: Z -- HYDROGEN CHLORIDE
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following metals is least subject to oxidation?
w) silver
x) gold
y) magnesium
z) nickel
ANSWER: X -- GOLD
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 125
CHEM-93; Short Answer: What is the common name of the homogeneous mixture which is a
70% isopropanol solution and sometimes used to reduce body temperature by spreading over the
body?
ANSWER: RUBBING ALCOHOL
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Endothermic refers to a process that
w) does work
x) gives off heat
y) loses mass
z) absorbs heat
ANSWER: Z -- ABSORBS HEAT
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an aromatic hydrocarbon?
w) methane
x) ethanol
y) benzene
z) glycine
ANSWER: Y -- BENZENE -
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: In the United States, Grain alcohol is made:
w) from coal
x) by fermenting starches
y) from methanol
z) from vinegar
e) by fermenting acetic acid
ANSWER: X -- BY FERMENTING STARCHES
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: When a solute is dissolved in a pure solvent, the resulting freezing
point is:
w) higher than pure solvent
x) lower than pure solvent
y) does not change
z) cannot tell from this information
ANSWER: X -- LOWER THAN PURE SOLVENT
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 126
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: High grade coal is mainly which of the following?
w) methane
x) propane
y) a mixture of hydrocarbons
z) anthracene
ANSWER: Y -- A MIXTURE OF HYDROCARBONS
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following properties is lower for a solution than for
the pure solvent?
w) osmotic pressure
x) vapor pressure
y) temperature
z) boiling point
ANSWER: X -- VAPOR PRESSURE
CHEM-93; Short Answer: Name three elements that make up sucrose.
ANSWER: CARBON, HYDROGEN, OXYGEN
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following is the same for both radioactive iodine and
stable iodine?
w) number of neutrons
x) mass number
y) half-life
z) chemical properties
ANSWER: Z -- CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
CHEM-93; Short Answer: Bauxite is a mineral that primarily contains which metal?
ANSWER: ALUMINUM
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 127
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a strong electrolyte in aqueous solution.
w) ammonia
x) coffee
y) Gatorade
z) corn syrup
ANSWER: Y -- GATORADE
CHEM-93; Short Answer: Give the name of the acid found in stomach fluid.
ANSWER: HCl (HYDROCHLORIC ACIZ)
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Nutrasweet, the artificial sweetener, contains molecules in which of
the following groups?
w) carbohydrates
x) lipids
y) amino acids
z) nucleic acids
ANSWER: C--AMINO ACIDS
CHEM-93; Short Answer: Who is given credit for first arranging the elements in the Periodic
Table?
ANSWER: MENDELEEV
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Most of the transuranic elements were first created:
w) in Germany
x) at Argonne National Laboratory
y) in California
z) in Russia
ANSWER: Y -- IN CALIFORNIA
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: The nuclei of heavy atoms generally contain:
w) more electrons than neutrons
x) more protons than electrons
y) more neutrons than electrons
z) more orbitals than electrons
ANSWER: Y -- MORE NEUTRONS THAN ELECTRONS
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 128
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which one of the following is largest?
w) the number of molecules in 2 grams of hydrogen gas
x) the number of molecules in 60 grams of lead sulfate
y) the number of molecules in 20 liters of oxygen gas at standard temperature and pressure
z) the population of the United States
ANSWER: A - THE NUMBER OF MOLECULES IN 2 GRAMS OF HYDROGEN GAS
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: One mole of electrons is known as:
w) a Faraday
x) a Henry
y) a Coulomb
z) an Ampere
ANSWER: W -- A FARADAY
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: A standardized base solution should be protected from which of the
following gases?
w) hydrogen
x) carbon dioxide
y) nitrogen
z) argon
ANSWER: X -- CARBON DIOXIDE
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: For a substance, density, solubility and melting point are examples
of:
w) physical properties
x) amorphous properties
y) chemical properties
z) potential properties
ANSWER: W -- PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
CHEM-93; Short Answer: -40 degrees Fahrenheit is equivalent to what Celcius temperature?
ANSWER: -40 DEGREES CELCIUS
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 129
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following acids is in vinegar?
w) benzoic
x) formic
y) malanoic
z) acetic
ANSWER: Z -- ACETIC
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following would you expect to have the highest
boiling point?
w) methane
x) carbon tetrachloride
y) chloroform
z) chloromethane
ANSWER: X -- CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: An aqueous solution is always a solution in which the:
w) solute is water
x) solute is a salt
y) solvent is a salt
z) solvent is water
ANSWER: Z -- SOLVENT IS WATER
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: The rate of a chemical reaction can be affected by:
w) temperature
x) concentration of products
y) concentration of reactants
z) all of the above
ANSWER: Z -- ALL OF THE ABOVE
CHEM-93; Short Answer: If 16 grams of oxygen are produced by the electrolysis of water, how
many grams of hydrogen are produced at the same time?
ANSWER: 2 GRAMS
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 130
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: When you push down on the piston of a bicycle pump, the air is
compressed into a smaller volume, which causes its temperature to:
w) decrease
x) increase
y) stay the same
ANSWER: X -- INCREASE
CHEM-93; Short Answer: What is the name for a substance that alters the rate of chemical
reactions, without being permanently altered itself?
ANSWER: CATALYST
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: The word atom is from a Greek word meaning:
w) small
x) indivisible
y) unseen
z) visible
ANSWER: X -- INDIVISIBLE
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Standard temperature is defined to be:
w) O DEGREES C
x) O DEGREES K
y) 25 DEGREES C
z) 32 DEGREES C
ANSWER: W -- O DEGREES C
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: The man credited with the law relating the temperature and volume
of a gas is:
w) Thomson
x) Boyle
y) Charles
z) Dalton
ANSWER: Y -- CHARLES
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 131
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Ionic substances dissolve in water to form:
w) highly acid solutions
x) electrolytic solutions
y) colloids
z) emulsions
ANSWER: X -- ELECTROLYTIC SOLUTIONS
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Mineral acids are also classified as:
w) carboxyl acids
x) inorganic acids
y) non-electrolytic acids
z) oxidation acids
ANSWER: X -- INORGANIC ACIDS
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: How many calories are required to raise the temperature of 20
grams of water from 40 degrees to 60 degrees?
w) 40 cal
x) 400 cal
y) 20 cal
z) 200 cal
ANSWER: X -- 400 cal
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following energy technologies is not utilized for
power generation today?
w) Nuclear Fission
x) Solar Ponds
y) Geothermal Power
z) Nuclear Fusion
ANSWER: Z -- NUCLEAR FUSION
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 132
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: If your room has a natural tendency to become messy and
disordered, it is an excellent example of:
w) enthalpy
x) entropy
y) the Bernoulli effect
z) the Haase effect
ANSWER: X -- ENTROPY
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which compound is responsible for the rotten egg smell?
w) sulfuric acid
x) putrescine
y) hydrogen sulfide
z) sulfur dioxide
ANSWER: Y -- HYDROGEN SULFIDE (NOTE: putrescine is a real compounz)
CHEM-93; Short Answer: Many elements are Greek or Latin names for a particular color,
examples are Chlorine from chloros (greenish-yellow) and Cesium from caesius (sky blue). What
is the element that was named from the Greek word meaning color?
ANSWER: CHROMIUM
CHEM-93; Short Answer: Which compound is briefly exposed to light when taking a
photograph?
ANSWER: SILVER CHLORIDE
CHEM-93; Short Answer: In 1789, Martin Heinrick Klaproth named this element for a
newly-discovered planet. Identify this element.
ANSWER: URANIUM
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: If a material has the capacity to behave either as an acid or a base it
is said to be:
w) amorphous
x) amphoteric
y) anhydrous
z) aklaline
ANSWER: X -- AMPHOTERIC
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 133
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: All gases form what type of mixture?
w) dispersion
x) colloidal
y) homogeneous
z) heterogeneous
ANSWER: Y -- HOMOGENEOUS
CHEM-93; Short Answer: What is the main product of the HALL process?
ANSWER: ALUMINUM METAL (accept ALUMINUM)
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following elements is not an alkaline earth metal?
w) beryllium
x) barium
y) calcium
z) rubidium
ANSWER: Z -- RUBIDIUM
CHEM-93; Short Answer: Which element is named after the Greek word for "sun"?
ANSWER: HELIUM
CHEM-93; Short Answer: How many carbon atoms are found in the benzene ring?
ANSWER: 6
CHEM-93; Short Answer: What is the name given to a substance with one or more unpaired
electrons?
ANSWER: FREE RADICAL
CHEM-93; Short Answer: A triple bond consists of how many pi bonds and how many sigma
bonds?
ANSWER: ONE SIGMA BOND AND TWO PI BONDS
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 134
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Carbon dioxide has each of the following uses except:
w) refrigerant
x) manufacture of baking soda
y) fire extinguisher
z) valuable reducing agent
ANSWER: Z -- VALUABLE REDUCING AGENT
CHEM-93; Short Answer: Name the term that defines the temperature above which the liquid
phase cannot exist:
ANSWER: CRITICAL TEMPERATURE
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: In 1953, Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay were the first
people to reach the summit of Mount Everest from their last previously established camp at an
altitude of 27,900 feet (barometric pressure about 220 mm). At that camp, water would have:
w) boiled at 100 degrees Celsius
x) boiled at 68 degrees Celsius
y) not boiled at any temperature
z) sublimed
ANSWER: X -- BOILED AT 68 DEGREES CELSIUS
CHEM-93; Short Answer: What is the term given to a solid that has the ability of a solid to be
hammered into a thin sheet.
ANSWER: MALLEABILITY
CHEM-93; Short Answer: What is the common name of the substance which is inert to nearly all
chemicals and is a polymer of tetrafluoroethylene?
ANSWER: TEFLON
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Consider the following gaseous equilibrium: PCl3 + Cl2 = PCl5 +
heat. Which of the following changes will shift it to the right:
w) lower the temperature
x) remove some Cl2
y) increase the volume
z) add a catalyst
ANSWER: W -- LOWER THE TEMPERATURE
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 135
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Whose name is given to alkylmagnesium halides:
w) Victor Grignard
x) Daniel Rutherford
y) Dmitri Mendeleev
ANSWER: W -- VICTOR GRIGNARD
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: During osmosis
w) Pure solvent diffuses through a membrane but solutes do not.
x) Pure solutes diffuse through a membrane but solvent does not.
y) Pure solvent and a solution both diffuse at the same time through a membrane.
z) Gases diffuse through a membrane into a solution and build up pressure.
ANSWER: W -- PURE SOLVENT DIFFUSES THROUGH A MEMBRANE BUT
SOLUTES DO NOT.
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: What is the purpose of the salt bridge in an electrochemical cell?
w) It allows ion migration.
x) It allows electron flow.
y) It prevents ion migration.
z) It prevents electron flow.
ANSWER: W -- IT ALLOWS ION MIGRATION
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Calcium carbonate is most soluble in:
w) 0.2 Molar Sodium carbonate
x) 0.1 Molar Calcium chloride
y) 0.1 Molar Sodium hydroxide
z) 0.1 Molar Hydrochloric acid
ANSWER: Z -- 0.1 MOLAR HYDROCHLORIC ACID
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 136
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Based on the intermolecular forces involved, which of the following
molecules will have the lowest boiling point?
w) ethane
x) methyl alcohol
y) methyl amine
z) methyl fluoride
ANSWER: W -- ethane
CHEM-93; Multiple choice: The compound which would have the greatest molar effect on the
colligative properties of a dilute solution would be:
w) CaCl2
x) NaCl
y) C6H12O6
z) Benzene
ANSWER: W -- CaCl2
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following gases is more soluble in water as the water
temperature increases?
w) Helium
x) Air
y) Carbon dioxide
z) Hydrogen
ANSWER: W -- HELIUM
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: How many carbon atoms are there in one naphthalene molecule?
w) 6
x) 8
y) 10
z) 15
ANSWER: Y -- 10
Science Bowl CHEMISTRY
Chemisty - 137
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Mayonnaise is:
w) an emulsion
x) a hydrogenated oil
y) a covalent solution
z) a coalescent solution
ANSWER: W -- AN EMULSION
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: The difference in the osmotic pressures of one molar solutions of
different compounds in a given solvent at a given temperature results from?
w) Different values for R
x) Different values for Avogadro's number
y) Ionization or dissociation
z) None of the above
ANSWER: Y -- IONIZATION OR DISSOCIATION
CHEM-93; Multiple Choice: Which of the following substances is a molecular solid?
w) Glass
x) Ice
y) Silver
z) Table Salt
ANSWER: X -- ICE