Professional Documents
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Hurricanes ProcessBook
Hurricanes ProcessBook
HURRICANES IN SAVANNAH
The scope of this project was large in terms of the intensity of the topic and the
diversity of the various stakeholders associated with it. The completion of this
research project would not have been possible without the following people.
Firstly we would like to thank our professor Kwela Hermanns for her academic
instructions and professional advices. Thank You for guiding us through every
step of the process, your honest feedback and constant encouragement.
To Eric Schumute, thank you, for being a constant pillar of support, for your
advice and, all the help. We’re truly grateful to you.
To Niranjan Tanwani, thank you for developing the ‘Storm Store’ App for us.
To all our interviewees for giving their valuable time. We really appreciate you
opening up to us and sharing your feelings, experiences and insights. Thank you.
Last but definitely not the least, we would like to thank our lovely classmates for
their participation and valuable feedback.
CONTENT
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah
INTRODUCTION
Quoting Sylvia Mathews Burwell “while natural disasters capture headlines and
national attention short-term, the work of recovery and rebuilding is long-term”.
Those headlines may give us facts and figures, but what they don’t talk about is the
psychological trauma that people go through before, during and after the occurrence
of a disaster.
The city of Savannah, a victim of two Hurricanes with in a span of one year (Matthew,
October’16 and Irma September’17) had to undergo, and is STILL undergoing a lot
of difficulties to overcome the damage caused by these Hurricanes. We, as a part of
the SCAD community experienced a sense of displacement and inconvenience as a
result of this inevitable accident and hence chose to do an in-depth human centered
research on ‘The Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah’.
“We cannot stop natural disasters but we can arm ourselves with knowledge: so
many lives wouldn’t have to be lost if there was enough disaster preparedness.”
– Petra Nemcova
The intent of this study was: First to understand the different journeys of various
stakeholders impacted by the Hurricanes through a contextual research lens;
second; to identify insights and possible areas of opportunity for improving
preparedness, encouraging a sense of community building and dealing with
the aftermath of the disaster.
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 01
ETHNOGRAPHY IN THE FIELD OF DESIGN
WHAT IS ETHNOGRAPHY: Jane Fulton Suri, IDEO: “ the person who knows how to watch people doing Store intercept interviews: fieldworkers would ask shoppers to answer a
things, and using products, as a way of inspiring designs” few questions in exchange for a small compensation. These were short
Ethnography is the branch of anthropology dealing with scientific the interviews that gave researchers key background information to interpret
description of individual cultures. It is the study and systematic Liz Sanders, Sonic Rim: Well known leader in ‘Participatory Design’ shopping behaviors captured on camera.
recording of human cultures. It is also a descriptive work produced from
such research. Lucy Suchman, Xerox PARC: She and the group of researchers she worked In-depth interviews: conducted to learn about product use outside of work
with pioneered the use of ethnographic approaches in software design. settings. Open-ended conversations, but the researchers had a protocol or
“how people work is one of the best kept secrets in America” list of issues to explore. These interviews provided information about
ETHNOGRAPHY AND DESIGNERS: behavior that took place in settings where participant observation was not
feasible.
Ethnography appeals to designers because it provides a window onto the ETHNOGRAPHIC STUDY AT E-LAB
ways consumers interact with products in their everyday lives. It promised Photo narratives: consumers were given a disposable camera and asked to
to reveal a whole new dimension of the user to the designer. It investigates take pictures according to a written guide developed for the occasion. After
what consumers ACTUALLY do, rather than saying what they do.
AEIOU Framework: to interpret observations the pictures were taken, researchers conducted interviews about them
which revealed personal meanings with which these individuals invested
Activities: their possessions.
BEFORE ETHNOGRAPHY, DESIGNERS USED: Goal directed set of observations things which people want to accomplish
Environments: include the arena where activities take place.
Analysis:
Cognitive psychology Interactions:
Between the person and someone or something else and are the building Three groups of people collaborated in the process of data analysis:
Market research blocks of the activities. researchers, designers, and members of the client company. The goal of
the data analysis was to develop a model that both interpreted the
Objects: ethnographic martials that had been collected and envisioned a solution
Building blocks of the environment. Meaning and context. for the client.
ETHNOGRAPHICS AND OBSERVATIONS:
Observations of naturally occurring consumer practices are widely credited
Users:
The people providing behaviors, preferences and needs. CHEAP HYPE, EXPENSIVE SUBSTANCE:
with helping manufacturers identify significant new product directions.
Ethnography is currently fashionable in CSCW, but if it is to survive this kind
Designers, CSCW and ethnography: Data Collection: of attention then it is really important that the method find an effective
voice. Due to client confidentiality principles many project results remain
Ethnography made its way in the field of design through research on secret. Hence the value of current design projects is not yet known. Design
computer supported cooperated work (CSCW). CSCW is the Participant observation: A fundamental approach to gaining insights. firms are not necessarily averse to hiring anthropologists; they may have
interdisciplinary study of how humans interact with computer software in Used to develop understanding of both how people shop and how they use been unable to find ones with the adequate knowledge. And because of all
the workplace. The CSCW community primarily consists of social scientists the products in their daily life. Researchers keep filed notes and often this the ethnography is becoming a pale concept.
and organizational change specialists. Anthropologists have been a part of capture impressions on videotape as well via mounted cameras or
the CSCW community from the start. They showed how ethnographic handicams. The team comprised of usually 7 researchers. They met and The financial pressure also affects the outcomes of these design firms
investigations into work activities and local knowledge of such compared insights daily. 2-5 days were spent. since clients are under the impression that the research does not cost
communities could help designers of new technologies understand of their much. We hope that the clients will realize over time. Anthropologists can
users better. Mounted video cameras: the cameras were kept running during main and should communicate the concerns to designers through various public
hours of the activity, usually about 8 hours in a day. This helped in fora. We as designers should note that not only design can benefit from
continuously monitoring a broad sample of work environments and
HISTORY OF ETHNOGRAPHY IN DESIGN: spaces.
anthropology, the reverse is true as well. Designers and researchers should
find more ways of collaboration, ways to share our experiences and
compare and learn from them.
A recent discovery Roving cameras: Desk tours and shadowing: Participant observers carried
handicams with them. “desk tours” were a kind of interview researchers
Prior to the link with anthropology, in 1980s and early 1990s several created for filedwork in office environments. “shadow” a particular
researchers working in the field of design already initiated studies showing subject over the course of a workday was a second kind of roving camera
the importance of situating product use in its sociocultural context. interaction.
AVANTI PATIL | DISHA GROVER | HARSH SINGH | SHUJIE ZHANG IDUS: 711 (METHODS OF CONTEXTUAL RESEARCH)
ETHNOGRAPHY IN THE FIELD OF DESIGN _CHRISTINA WASSON_HUMAN ORGANISATION; WINTER 2000; 59,4; ProQuest Direct Complete_pg. 377
ETHNOGRAPHY IN THE
FIELD OF DESIGN
What is Ethnography?
Ethnography is the branch of anthropology dealing with scientific description of
individual cultures. It is the study and systematic recording of human cultures.
It is also a descriptive work produced from such research.
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 03
History of Ethnography in Design
• It is a recent discovery.
• Prior to the link with anthropology, in 1980s and early 1990s several
researchers working in the field of design already initiated studies showing
the importance of situating product use in its sociocultural context.
• Jane Fulton Suri, IDEO: “ the person who knows how to watch people
doing things, and using products, as a way of inspiring designs”.
• Liz Sanders, Sonic Rim: Well known leader in ‘Participatory Design’.
• Lucy Suchman, Xerox PARC: She and the group of researchers she worked
with pioneered the use of ethnographic approaches in software design.
“How people work is one of the best kept secrets in America”.
AEIOU Framework: to interpret observations
Activities: goal directed set of observations – things which people want to accomplish.
Environments: include the arena where activities take place.
Interactions: between the person and someone or something
else and are the building blocks of the activities.
Objects: Building blocks of the environment. Meaning and context.
Users: the people providing behaviors, preferences and needs.
Data Collection
• Participant observation: A fundamental approach to gaining insights. Used to
develop understanding of both how people shop and how they use the products
in their daily life. Researchers keep filed notes and often capture impressions on
videotape as well via mounted cameras or handycams. The team comprised of usually
7 researchers. They met and compared insights daily. 2-5 days were spent.
• Mounted video cameras: the cameras were kept running during main hours of
the activity, usually about 8 hours in a day. This helped in continuously
monitoring a broad sample of work environments and spaces.
• Roving cameras: Desk tours and shadowing: Participant observers carried
handycams with them. “desk tours” were a kind of interview researchers created
for fieldwork in office environments. “shadow” a particular subject over the
course of a workday was a second kind of roving camera interaction.
• Store intercept interviews: fieldworkers would ask shoppers to answer a few questions in
exchange for a small compensation. These were short interviews that gave researchers
key background information to interpret shopping behaviors captured on camera.
• In-depth interviews: conducted to learn about product use outside of work
settings. Open-ended conversations, but the researchers had a protocol or
list of issues to explore. These interviews provided information about behavior
that took place in settings where participant observation was not feasible.
• Photo narratives: consumers were given a disposable camera and asked to
take pictures according to a written guide developed for the occasion. After the
pictures were taken, researchers conducted interviews about them which revealed
personal meanings with which these individuals invested their possessions.
Analysis
Three groups of people collaborated in the process of data analysis:
researchers, designers, and members of the client company. The goal of the
data analysis was to develop a model that both interpreted the ethnographic
martial that had been collected and envisioned a solution for the client.
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 05
THE FLOW MODEL COORDINATION
Sheet metal lithographic
To work effectively people, divide up Any artifact receives or given out known as the expert on creating press operator
responsibilities among roles and co- indicates coordination with forms. Each of the person doing a
Thermographic
ordinate with each other while doing someone else. job is inventing process and commu- Proof press operator
printer
it. All work in this world involves Where did it come from? Who creat- nication mechanisms to support the
Letterpress proof
other people to some extent. De- ed it? Who will see it next? We find work they need to do. They show press operator
partments in the company exist be- out the whole story to see how the where the formal process definition
Rotary press operator
cause a single person can’t get the work fits together. of the organization is adequate and Lithographic
press operator
work done. The work must be reveal opportunities for supporting
broken into parts, which then must STRATEGY people’s needs more directly. Web pressman Printing Ink evaluation and
press operator
be coordinated. People in the de- We need to think about what strate- Agency
partment coordinate to get its work gy is implicit in how the roles are Senior pressman
done. The flow model represents organized? Listen to how the cos- Assistant operator,
Flexographic press operator Vender printing press
this communication and coordina- tumers talk about their job? How do
tion necessary to make work they see themselves in the organiza- Gravure press operator
between two or more people to get We need to look at the ways people
go beyond the formal structures. For Warehouse Worker
MAILING Driver Helper
job done; weather as a part of formal
or informal way to get the job done. example, a secretary becomes SERVICE
Full-time City Driver Package Handler
Automotive Mechanic
Cabinet
Area
Are
ea
Fridge
Dishes
watching people work or by geting a common structure and patterns of
intent. Understanding customers’ Reception
the SEQUENCE model
Printer
the trigger that initiates it. Then it
Customers’ actions are This can be done by first observing,
TV Screen
lists each step in order, at whatever
level of detail the interview collect- never purposeless. inquiring into, and representing the Book stand Conference Room
Machine
Vending
Any glitch reveals a thought step. they can consolidate flow model to
Watch how automation removes effec- reveal the common roles and inter-
Understanding customer’s tive prompts to action. actions. Consolidated models make
intent is the key to design. the underlying pattern of work ac- Jr.
r. Level
L
Executives
E ec
Find the intents implied by the actions. cross customers. At the same time, Room
Ro
Ro
Key
Sequences may be studied at any they capture the variation into prac-
CEO
level of detail, from the high-level tice by each customer site.
Sequence models reveal the Sr. Executive
work to accomplish an overall task The design team can then decide Women’s
me Men’s
detailed structure of work. Restroom Restroom
Copier
Jr. Executive
Photo
to the detailed interaction steps what aspects of work they want Water
at
Printer Client/ Guest
with a particular user interface. to support. Cooler
AVANTI PATIL | DISHA GROVER | HARSH SINGH | SHUNJIE ZHANG IDUS:711 (METHODS OF CONTEXTUAL RESEARCH)
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 07
METHODOLOGY
Our process started with conducting a secondary research on our topic, followed by
analyzing and visualizing the found data using tools from our course book –
101 Methods by Vijay Kumar. The second part of the process involved field work and
observations. This was then followed by conducting a cultural probe, and analyzing
the generated data from the same. We then identified our stakeholders, contacted as
many as we could and conducted interviews.
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 09
TIMELINE
Self Itroduction Selecting topic Implimenting Presentation-observation, Cultural probe Cultural probe Data statistics.
and team secondary research Stakeholders and mock-up and critique Class presentation Adapting tools for
design tools follow up inquiries data visualization
lass 10 Class 11 Class 12 Class 13 Class 14 Class 15 Class 16 Class 17 Class 18 Class 19 Class 20
Mid- Term evaluation Presentation Clustering blues, Clustering blues, Clustering greens Clustering greens Final Presentation
SCAD Museum Interviews of stakeholders in user voice, that best to form the pink clusters.
represents the yellow cluster
EXPERT INTERVIEWS AFFINITIZATION SYNTHESIS CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT TREND RESEARCH POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS
Stakeholder Synthesis of all the data Coming up with good pink’s Brainstorming and coming up Whats trending in the Solutions that help people
interviews points into relevant clusters. and blue (user voice). with concept sketches. field of Hurrinace and of Savannah to better
around the world. prepare for Hurricanes.
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 11
COOKING TOGETHER
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 13
SECONDARY RESEARCH
Secondary research sometime referred compiled and organized for us. In our
as desk research, involves the summary, secondary research, we focused on
collation and/or synthesis of existing looking at the key facts about the
research rather than primary research, hurricanes that hit Savannah, scanned
in which data are collected from, for through buzz reports and used tools
example, research subjects or such as keyword bibliometric, landscape
experiments. Care should be taken to innovation etc. to analyze our data from
distinguish secondary research from the secondary research.
primary research that uses raw
secondary data sources. The key of A key performance area in secondary
distinction is whether the secondary research is the full citation of original
source used has already been analyzed sources, usually in the form of a
and interpreted by the primary authors. complete listing or annotated listing.
Secondary sources could include
Involves the summary, collation and previous research reports, newspapers,
synthesis of existing research. It is a magazines and journals as well as
form of market research that is already government and NGO statistics.
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 17
MEDICAL RELIEF EDUCATION PETS RELIGIOUS COMMENTS MARIA CLIMATE CHANGE WILDLIFE STORM WATCHERS POWER OUTAGE
DOMINICA MEXICO EARTHQUAKE VOLUNTEER DONATIONS PROPERTY DAMAGE TRUMP/ HUMOR FINANCE HUMOR IN LOSS DARK HUMOR BEFORE/ AFTER
FLOODS DISTRUCTION TRUMP ARCHITECTURAL IMPROVEMENTS POLITICS RECOVERY ADVERTISING STORM HOUR WIND SPEED OUTAGE INFORMATION
DARK HUMOUR HELPLINE POWER BACK-UP MILITARY DISEASES PET OWNERS POLICE PUBLIC AID CURFEW FOOD STOCKING
HUMOR DISPLACEMENT AGRICULTURE VOLUNTEERING HELP SCIENCE UNETHICAL ADVERTISING MARINES BLIND FAITH THE BLUE CAR
CLEAN UP CLIMATE CHANGE HOMELESS RED CROSS EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTES FOOD STORAGE HOMELESS WARNINGS GOVERNMENT POLICIES WASTE DISPOSAL
BUZZ
MOST FREQUENTLY OCCURRING
SENIOR CITIZENS SEWAGE FUNDING AND NGOs SOCIAL MEDIA EVACUATION DEDUCTIBLES
FREQUENTLY OCCURRING REPORT
+
MODERATELY OCCURRING
KEYWORD
LEAST OCCURRING
BIBLIOMETRICS
IGNORANCE TRUMP F.E.M.A AFTERMATH TRANSPORTATION FORECAST
Buzz Report and Keyword Bibliometrics
Buzz Reports helped us understand patterns of change and new developments
with respect to the Hurricane.
• Fundraising events • Airbnb • More Precise • Holiday traveling • Mandatory • Normal wooden • Concrete and wood • Only concrete or
• Radio and TV adds • Drones weather maps • Goods and services evacuation leading houses houses heavy duty houses
• Tesla • More precise travel • Escape routes • Bunkers
• Social media and escape maps using • Expensive were marked • Electronically
messaging apps smart phone • Medical expense • Manually marked marked blocked
help connect technology • Forced spending to roads roads
nabors and get help • Flying Robots store goods • Storm water pumps
• Amazon wish list (Drones opening up and raising of the
• Good weather to the wider range roads
forecast of application)
• Chips and tags in
case you get
Emerging
Emerging
Emerging
Formerl y
Formerl y
Formerl y
Currently
Currently
Currently
separated
• Loss of business • Prior arrangement • People may start • Low theft rate • Growing theft rate • High security • Government and • Increase in
• Less supplies of supplies – buying supplies in houses institution frequency of
resulted in chaos Home Depot got advance as early • More ways of theft Transportation transportation
early notice hence prevention, prevention increase system made means
brought many • Insurance in law available to take • Increase in
supplies for those companies will start enforcements. people to places in transportation
in the storm path introducing new inland services.
policies • use of boats
Emerging
Emerging
Emerging
Formerl y
Formerl y
Formerl y
Currently
Currently
Currently
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 21
09.01.2017
09.08.2017
09.15.2017
09.22.2017
09.29.2017
OCCURANCE
TIME
200%
IMPACT ON
180%
Population
160%
Financial
Senior Citizens 140%
Handicapped Citizens 120%
New SCAD Students
100%
Educational Institutions
80%
Students
Transportation 60%
Communication 40%
Homeless People
20%
Architecture
00%
Local Stores
Tourism -20%
Crime in Savannah -40%
Power/ Electricity
-60%
Natural Disaster Relief
-80%
Science and Technology
Information on News -100%
Social Media
Storm Watchers
Insurance Companies
Politics
Wildlife
Agriculture
Donations
Hospitals
People Evacuating
People who Stayed Back
Military
Pets and Pet Owners
Religious Beliefs
Innovation Landscape
The method creates a three-dimensional terrain map by plotting
the type of innovation on the X-axis, time on the Y-axis,
and number of occurrences of innovation activities as the
height dimension.
The landscape shows the intensity of innovation activities by the
height of the peaks, the diversity by the number of peaks, and
the pace of change by how many new peaks form and by the
change of their slopes.
Offering Activity
Culture Map
The Offering-Activity-Culture Map
uses three ways to look at innovation
opportunities: the “offerings” (products,
services) with their functions and
features, the “activities” people do with
those offerings and the “cultural context”
in which people use those offerings.
Mind Map
Inactive Participation
Opportunity Map
Economy
Clean up Communication
Intangible
Safety
Tangible
Neighborhoods
Forecasting
Military NGOs
National Guard
Active Duty
Weather
People
Residents
Students
Gov’t Tourists
Federal
State
Science
Local
Active Participation
Participant observation represent the Departmental Stores: To observe a We observed a varied number of things,
starting point of ethnographic research. wide range of people with diverse sets from the different kind of people to the
They are essential to identify and build of emotions. The amount spent, quantity infrastructure and hence decided to
relationships. They give us an intuitive of groceries purchased on a regular day categories are observations under the
and intellectual grasp of the way things and stocks. following headings:
are organized and prioritized. They SCAD Buildings: to observe new
enable the researcher to witness events students and how they coped up with 1. People
that outsiders wouldn’t be invited to the newness and the challenges they had 2. Craft and other activities
attend and to access situations that to face. 3. River activities
might be hidden from the public. 4. Road and transportation
Our team chose River Street as the final 5. Shops and businesses
For our participant observation, the location for observations as the area was 6. Signage
following locations were shortlisted: one of the most impacted ones, in terms 7. Tourist spots
River Street: to observe businesses, of flooding, tourism and wasted food. 8. Infrastructure
footfall and the various activities that We visited the area at two separate
take place on a regular day. times, during afternoon and evening We observed our surroundings
in order to understand and do a on River Street, Savannah
American Red Cross: to gain insights
of during and aftermath for the people comparative study of the footfall, Thursday: 11am to 1.30pm
and how these NGOs managed and activities, and businesses in the at Friday: 5 pm to 7.30 pm
helped them. distinct times.
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 27
Rive
r St
reet
People
• A casual atmosphere was observed. • Homeless people were observed on Activities Observed
• Most of the traffic appeared to be on both ends of the street, not where • Casually roaming round with maps
foot coming from all directions, easy, the general population was. and beer in their hands, exploring
west and the south. • We overheard 6 different languages the place, taking selfies and
• The people were generally not alone. in less than 30 minutes. Implying clicking pictures of the surroundings.
They were casually dressed in Tennis diversity. • Sitting on the benches, facing the
shoes and flip flops with t-shirts and • We only observed 2 police patrols river, enjoying the scenic beauty of
jeans or shorts. with in a span of 2-3 hours. the river and the fairies that go by.
• They were walking in pairs or in • The parks were used to sit, rest • Feeding pigeons.
groups. The overall appearance in and smoke. • Exercising
the demographic skewed towards • Evening observation: more people • Walking pets
the older. carrying beer glasses / similar
• Large clusters were observed demographic as noted around noon /
around tourist kiosks and outside more smoking.
restaurants, reading maps and
menus.
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 31
Craft and Other Activities
• Local handicraft of making Savannah trying to sit under the shadow. He He was mostly using spray paint for
roses with canes was observed at was sitting on the chair and with an his artworks. He had two dogs. After
different spots of river street. On easel in front. He was working on some time, a lady came sat on the
overhearing one of the conversations the same painting in the afternoon stone adjacent to the river fence and
we found out these craft artist sit and when I went again the next day started playing with his dogs. It seemed
there 7 days a week. They were evening he was working on the same that she knew him with the ways she
licensed artists as an ID of ‘Savannah painting. He was seen both in the behaved when she first came that day.
crafts’ was observed on them. afternoon and evening. • There were some portraits hanging
• Painters: one specializing in canvas • On the first the around 12:30 a on the wall. It seemed that the artists
oil paintings, exhibited his works guitarist came to play the music. He did these on the spot from the setup
at one of the squares while he sat did not have any other setup except it had. The artists could not be seen
and painted more. Tools: a paint his own guitar. that time. After same time the artist
box, easel, brushes, water bottle • Afternoon – More graphic style was found since saw the artist asking
and a chair to sit one. Another paintings were there with much someone if they needed their portrait to
one observed specializing in spray varied subjects. This artist was sitting be drawn. This was the only lady artist
painting. Painted canvases and in the same square with exactly the was seen on the whole river street. The
objects like skate boards. A lot of same setup as in the afternoon. He artists sitting on the river street inspire
people gathered around this one had had displayed his work in the one people. One child around the age of
2 pet dogs. corner of the square. 8-10 said “I am also an amateur artist.
• There was a painter sitting in the I want to be like him”. The artist was
• Another artist was sitting on a giving live demos in front of the public
afternoon sun at one of the squares. stool by the board walk. He did
The paintings were oil painting. He which is not at all easy. It requires
not have as such painting setup. tremendous amount of confidence.
shifted according to the sunrays
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 33
River Activities
• The river traffic was quiet during this • Georgia Queen – People started They offer various kind of tours:
observational period. The Savannah entering Georgia queen at 6pm. Harbor Sightseeing Cruise, Dinner
Ferry did make several crossings • Unusual but true 90% of the people Entertainment Cruise, Saturday
but there were only 16 vehicles that entering Georgia queen were African Lunch Cruise, Moonlight Cruise,
moved up the river. Americans. They were quite old. May Savannah Riverboat Sunset
• There were lot of oil trailers and ships be in their late 40’s, 50’s and older Cruise, Savannah Riverboat Harbor
at the river street bay area. Wonder than that.
Sightseeing Cruise, Savannah
what must be their daily activity. • Two people were jet skiing. In the Riverboat Dinner Entertainment
• There is one private dock with the evening, a cargo ship crossed the
Cruise, Savannah Riverboat Lunch
sign board put up on it. There were river street area.
Cruise, Savannah Riverboat
two boats parked there. • Every half an hour there is a ferry Moonlight Cruise, Savannah Riverboat
• Georgia Queen moved at 1:10pm. which goes across the river street.
Gospel Dinner Cruise, Savannah
I have been to river street so many • The River Street Riverboat Company
times but never saw Georgia queen Riverboat Sunday Brunch Cruise.
offers views of the historic Savannah
moving from its particular location so River waterfront and numerous
that was the new thing. landmarks along the way.
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 35
Road and Transportation
• River Street is a narrow one-way vehicles can access) that go up and constructed with stones. The
street moving from west to east. It between the older buildings but they condition of the road is not great.
is old cobblestone with a trolley rail are cobbled and steep and the The road is uneven. It is tough
down the center. The road maintains corners are tight. The electrical, water, to ride a bicycle and a car on in.
a historic feel. The surface is uneven sewer is up to date but exposed to the Parking almost full at 12:25pm.
and rough made out of rocks and possibility of flooding. Parking lots • People were waiting in a queue for
has areas of standing water. There are 75-80% full. parking. Footpath on the restaurant’s
are footpaths on both the sides • There are no wayfinding signs but side were crowded that the other side.
made of bricks. there are street signs. These bridges People were walking quite slow. 45
• Traffic is slow but consistent. are small and cannot carry vehicles. cars parked in the paid parking lot.
The traffic travels at just faster than People can walk on these bridges. Almost full parking, there was space
walking speed. There is a large The view from the bridges is really for about 4-5 more cars.
number of construction vehicles and soothing. You can see the river
city trucks. The street is being used directly without any obstruction.
for multipurpose. These construction These bridges are on the higher
vehicles are heavy and are full to lever that the water level. They are
capacity when traveling the street. at the same level of the bay street.
• It appears there is only one main exit • There are rail tracks on the cobble
and that is at the far east end of the stone which is the mark that the
street. There are a few alleyways trains used to pass by that road.
(6 for foot traffic only - 2 that The river street road is really old
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 37
Shop and Businesses
• Businesses are all facing the river. • There is a low key approach to The items delivered included linens,
• Most are in older brick buildings signage. Most are not super bright alcohol, food products and general
with historic significance. The paint colors. Muted tones. Natural packages.
on the windows and doors show materials. • Delivery trucks double parked on River
several layers. • Awnings are also used for space for Street to make their drop offs.
• Some of the shops display goods the business name. There may be a • The convention center across the river
and services on the narrow code of appearance (assumption). does not have as much traffic based
sidewalk. Most have their doors • The shops brought their business on initial observation.
open to River Street. onto the streets. Using message
• Few restaurants have access from boards, kiosks, menu boards, and
the Bay street. In case of an associates interacting with the
emergency that can be one of the foot traffic.
plan to evacuate people from the • Businesses commonly include cotton
river street. and river in their names.
• The signage is subdued. There
are no back lit signs that you see • The shops also receive their
outside of the historic district. merchandise through the front doors.
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 39
Infrastructure
• The scene looks like it has been wall. They smell and are not that far • The river walk is newer and has a different
retrofit into a historic site. Bay Street from foot traffic walkways. construction method applied then up on
was not originally meant for this type • There is an odd amount of noise River Street. There is a built-in watering
of business. from all directions. It could be from system for the planters.
• There are lots of trash cans placed construction, the businesses playing • There are water lines, electric lines that are
along the street. Very little large trash music, the river boat, the river and on the edge of the river walk that would be
items on the ground. It’s generally street traffic. exposed to the river in a disaster.
clean in appearance. Trash cans on • There is parking but there isn’t a lot • ADA compliance is nearly non-existent.
the river street were open and had of parking for the number of people
lot of coffee cups and other plastic • Several bridges to get to the river street.
that are walking in the area. Constructed of steel with the bottom
materials. There was nothing really
different in each bin. • Electrical boxes, phone line in wood.
connection boxes are located in the • There were 3 safety boxes with flotation
• The river walk is of newer common areas along the river walk.
construction with smoother surfaces device. There were no safety instructions.
There are electrical lines coming
and newer infrastructure, (concrete, into the businesses from above. • The Hyatt Regency hotel was the only
steel, aluminum, stone). place where anyone can take cover during
• The gas lines and meters are inclement weather. People can actually
• The river street road is really old and present on each building, nearly
constructed with cobble stones. The enter from the doors located under the
all have them on the front of the tunnel to be safe.
condition of the road is not great building. Bay street separates the
since the road is uneven. It is tough business district from the river walk
to ride a bicycle and a car on in. park. Both have distinctly different
• There are no way finding signs but feelings. Bay street has most of the
there are street signs. Dumpsters foot traffic and the river walk is used
that the businesses use are located to stop and relax for a moment.
behind and up by the historic sea
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 41
Nature and Environment
Tourist Spots
Signage
Summary
River Street is a vibrant and historic area. It is centered around tourism, shopping,
dining, river walk and river experiences. There is a well-established economic base
for the city of Savannah. There is a secondary business with the street vendors,
artists and musicians.
While we were in the process of observation we all concluded that River Street
is vulnerable to the effects/after effects of Hurricanes.
The business is rooted in these century plus old buildings. The infrastructure has
been retrofit with a consideration for historic preservation. This approach does
create some vulnerability to the loss of business in the case of a disaster. Our
observations all keyed in on the artisan in the park. Without the traffic in the area
they have no business either. This was a topic that piqued our interest.
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 45
CULTURAL PROBE
Cultural Probes are provocation instruments given to participants to inspire new Cultural probes are a technique used to
form of self-understanding and communication about their lives, environments, inspire ideas in a design process. It serves
thoughts and interactions. as a means of gathering inspirational data
about people’s lives, values, and thoughts.
Probes are a technique used to inspire ideas in a design process. It serves as a
means of gathering inspirational data about people’s lives, values and thoughts. A good cultural probe has the
They consist of any number of materials designed to inspire people to thoughtfully following attributes:
consider personal context and circumstances, and respond to the design team in • Generates maximum datasets
unique, creative ways facilitated by the provocations. Cultural probe studies have • Self-reporting
used postcards, maps, journals, cameras, recording devices, and various pieces of • Fun and interactive
text and imagery to guide personal responses. • Clear instructions
• Relevant context
Since the scope of our topic was large in terms of the intensity of the topic and the • Ethical
diversity of the variables attached to it, we chose to focus on the physical and • Heart-based questions
emotional impact of the Hurricane on people and the sources of information they • Brain-based questions
relied upon. • Good eye level management
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 47
Cultural Probe
Prototyping
Since the scope of our topic was large
and challenging in terms of the intensity of
the topic and the diversity of the variables
attached to it, we chose to focus on the
physical and emotional impact of the
Hurricane on people and the sources of
information they relied upon.
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 49
Tokens
Cultural Probe Prototype 2
Drop Slots
SADNESS ANGER FEAR JOYFUL
Tired Anxious Excited
Guilty Helpless Hopeful
Bored Insecure Trusting
Lonely Rejected Content
Ashamed Confused Creative
Depressed Submissive Energetic
Thoughtful
Feedback from Class
On the basis of the feedback given to us, we were asked to refine
the concept of our probe, focus on only the emotional journey of
people, have a more empathetic approach, make it less complicated
and give a platform to people for expressing themselves freely.
Cultural Probe 01
The Emotional Triangle
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 55
Venn Diagram using
Before, During and After
from Forsyth Park Data
Data Visualization from Forsyth Park
STAKEHOLDER MAP
The process of stakeholder mapping is as important as the result, and the quality of
Less Affected
the process depends heavily on the knowledge of the people participating.
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 71
INTERVIEWS
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 73
Impactful Quotes
“There was more flooding during Matthew than Irma, but the
sstores didn’t get flooded.”
– Andrew, Manager at Warehouse
“You are safe, you have made some money, it’s over, now you
ccan sleep. So, there is no more adrenaline. It’s done.”
– Frances Krieg, Manager at Olympia Cafe
“You can do, say whatever you want, but in the end we are
j just collateral damage.”
– Soundarya Sondaryarajan, SCAD Student
Affinity diagramming or rather affinitizing was done post all the data collection.
It is a process that brings issues and insights across all customers and users together
into one space and allows us to see issues for all users, not just one individual.
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 77
The Yellows
All the data points were scribbled on
yellow post-its from all the research
done so far. It was interesting to see
that we generated almost over 600
data points.
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 91
+ +
User Generated Data Concepts
=
Trends Potential Solution
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 93
2x2 Matrix
Design Fiction
VolunteerMe App
Cheap Expensive
Just A Rather Very Intelligent System
Emotional AI
A One Act
Hunting Hurricanes
Hunger Alert
The Barrier
Spontaneous Shelter
Currently Feasible
SWOT Analysis
A quick review of the potential solutions based on their strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities and threats to understand the areas of improvement and it’s feasibility.
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 95
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 97
OUR OFFERINGS
On the basis of the areas of opportunities we found in our narrowed down greens,
during the process of affinitization, the following are our final offerings:
Hurry-Game: A family board game to educate and prepare all members and age
groups of the family about the Hurricane.
Enki Helps: An app by Enki, the most trusted source of Hurricane tracking by
Savannah, giving people a platform to know about hurricane, information about
evacuation, volunteering and encouraging community building.
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 99
BEFORE WE STARTED THE
PRESENTATION WE HAD A
TREASURE HUNT FOR THE
AUDIENCE
Presenting Storm Store - an initiative by FEMA to make sure you have everything
you need in order to protect and prepare yourselves, your families and homes.
As a responsible and empathic government, FEMA truly cares.
Amidst all the chaos we are sure you would have missed our other insights, we’d
now like to give you a tour through them.
ER
Richard M. Sullivan
Administrator
FEMA Emergency Management Agency
TT
Hyaatsville, MD 20784
Dear Resident,
LE
As you are aware that hurricane Katrina is predicted to hit our city, we want to assure that
you are well prepared. ‘Strom Store’ is a one stop shop for all the supplies and items you
may require, to protect and sustain yourselves, your families and your homes during this
difficult time.
Simply scan the QR code below to view and order the supplies you need, and your
customized hurricane kit will arrive at your door step on the same day.
We understand it is a tough situation, and amidst all the chaos, we want to be as helpful as
we can.
K
Hoping and wishing for the wellbeing of you and your loved one.
Sincerely,
OC
Gerard D. Charles
Federal Coordinating Officer
Disaster Recovery Management
FEMA
M
Assuring genuineness and reliability. The only source of information you need to
track the hurricane and plan evacuation.
PULSE
“ Even with all our technology and the inventions that make modern life so much
eeasier than it once was, it takes just one big natural disaster to wipe all that away
aand remind us that, here on Earth, we’re still at the mercy of nature.”
– Neil deGrasse Tyson
Family; a circle of strength and love. With every birth and union, it grows, with every
crisis faced together, the circle gets stronger.
In these intense and exciting 9 weeks, we were introduced to various tools to conduct
contextual research, we were challenged and at many points, we exceeded our own
expectations. These are our final takeaways -
Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 121
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books and Readings
101 Design Methods by Vijay Kumar
Universal Methods of Design by Bella Martin & Bruce Hanington
Ethnography in the field of Design - Christina Wasson
Essential Ethnographic Methods - Stephen L. Schensul, Jean J. Schensul, Margaret D. LeCompte
Learning from the Field - William Foote Whyte with Kathleen King Whyte
Research Methods in Anthropology- Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches - H.Russell Bernard
Designing and Conducting Ethnographic Research- Jean J. Schensul, Margaret D. LeCompte
Lost in Translation? Ethics and Ethnography in Design Research- Christine Miller
Techniques to Identify Themes in Qualitative Data- Gary W. Ryan, H. Russell Bernard
Contextual Design: Defining Customer-Centered Systems - Hugh Beyer, Karen Holtzblatt
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Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 127
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Local Culture of Hurricanes in Savannah | IDUS: 711 | Fall 2017 | SCAD Savannah 129
CONSENT FORMS
“Memories of our lives, of our works and
our deeds will continue in others.”
–Rosa Parks