ESTILLERO, JURILYN E.

AUGUST 26, 2020

2018122702 INT161-1P_A59

WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

▪ According to Wikipedia, a water distribution system is part of a water supply network of

parts that transport potable water from a centralized treatment plant or well to water users
in order to properly provide water to satisfy the needs of residential, private, industrial and
fire control.
▪ Its purpose is to deliver water to the consumer with proper and appropriate quality,
quantity, and pressure.
▪ It is used to broadly identify the equipment used to deliver water to the point of use from
its source.

WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM TOPOLOGIES

▪ In addition, distribution pipes are mounted below road pavements and as such their
configurations usually match road layouts.
▪ There are, in general, four different types of pipe networks, may usually be categorized as
Grid Iron System, Ring System, Radial System, and Dead-end System.

1. GRID IRON SYSTEM

▪ It is ideal for infrastructures with a rectangular layout, where the water mains and
branches are laid in rectangles.
▪ Water can be delivered from several directions allowing strong water distribution and
stability if a network portion is broken down.
▪ Drawbacks to this topology include system fitting difficulties.

Figure 1. Grid Iron System Water Distribution Layout

2. RING SYSTEM
▪ The primary supply is spread along the secondary roads and branching sub-mains
from the sides.
▪ This method also implements a network of grid iron with a flow pattern identical to
that of a dead-end method.
▪ The advantage of this system is that the water can be supplied to any point from the
least two directions and can easily decide of sizing.

Figure 2. Ring System Water Distribution Layout

3. RADIAL SYSTEM
▪ A radial system provides water to many areas. The water is pumped radially into the
customers at the middle of each field.
▪ The advantages of this system are that it gives quick service and it is easily to
calculate the pipe size.

Figure 3. Radial System Water Distribution Layout

 4. DEAD-END SYSTEM
▪ Suitable for old towns and cities with no clear road route.
▪ Because there is no connection between the mains, water may have less diffusion
and can stagnate.
▪ The advantages is that is relatively cheap and determination of discharges and
pressure are easier due to less number of valves.

Figure 4. Dead-end System Water Distribution Layout

References:
Mohanty, B. (2012, April 11). Water distribution system. Retrieved August 25, 2020, from
https://www.slideshare.net/bibhabasumohanty/water-distribution-system
Water distribution system. (2020, April 10). Retrieved August 25, 2020, from
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_distribution_system