❖ADMINISTERED BY NURSES TO PROVIDE COMFORT TO HOSPITALIZED

CLIENTS. MASSAGE TECHNIQUES CAN BE USED WITH ALL AGE GROUP

AND ESPECIALLY BENEFICIAL TO THOSE WHO ARE IMMOBILIZED.
MANIPULATION OF THE TISSUES
❖AND USE OF STROKE FOR
❖REMEDIAL OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES
❖ BY RUBBING, STROKING, KNEADING,
❖TAPPING OF THE HANDS OR OTHER
❖ INSTRUMENTS SUCH AS VIBRATOR.
Massage is contra-indicated
in areas of
skin breakdown, suspected
clots, or infection, back
surgery, vertebral issues or risk
of fracture.

Massage can involve the back

and neck, hands and arms, or
feet.
❖RELAXATION AND INDUCTION OF
SLEEP
❖INCREASE CIRCULATION OF THE
BLOOD
❖RELIEF FROM MUSCULOSKELETAL
STIFFNESS, PAIN AND SPASM
•TO RELIEVE MUSCLE TENSION
•TO PROMOTE PHYSICAL AND
MENTAL RELAXATION
•TO RELIEVE INSOMNIA
•EFFLEURAGE TAPOTEMENT
•PETRISSAGE VIBRATION
•FRICTION
• THE WHOLE HAND IS USED
• DIVIDED INTO LIGHT (DESIGNED PRIMARILY TO BE SEDATIVE)
AND DEEP (THERAPEUTIC COMPRESSION OF SOFT TISSUES)
METHODS
• GLIDING AND LONG RHYTHMIC STROKES ARE USED
• FIRM EVEN-PRESSURED STROKES ARE DIRECTED TOWARDS
THE HEART TO ASSIST BLOOD RETURN
• LIGHTER PRESSURE IS USED WHEN MOVING AWAY FROM
THE HEART
• DETECT TENDER PARTS OF THE BODY
 Petrissage
• PRESSING, SQUEEZING, KNEADING AND
ROLLING MOVEMENTS BY BOTH HANDS
ARE USED (USE ENTIRE HANDS)

• DEEP CIRCULATION IS ENHANCED

• C-SHAPED MOTIONS TO STIMULATE THE
MUSCLES OF THE BODY

• PROMOTES MUSCLE RELAXATION

 Friction
• THUMB PRESS, PALM OR FINGERTIPS
ARE USED
• FOCUSED, DEEP AND CIRCULAR
MOTION ARE USED
• PENETRATES DEEPER MUSCLE LAYERS
• IS DONE AFTER EFFLEURAGE AND
PETRISSAGE
• PALMS, FINGERTIPS, KNUCKLES ARE USED
• BRISK, VIGOROUS, RHYTHMIC, PERCUSSIVE
MOVEMENT ARE USED
• HANDS ALTERNATELY TAP,
• CUP, SLAP AND PUMMEL
• MUSCLES
•VERY FINE, RAPID, SHAKING
MOVEMENTS ARE ADMINISTERED
BY THE ENTIRE HANDS
•STIMULATES OR RELAXES MUSCLES
 ASSESSMENT
• BEHAVIORS INDICATING POTENTIAL NEED FOR A BACK
MASSAGE, SUCH AS COMPLAINT OF STIFFNESS, MUSCLE
TENSION IN THE BACK OR SHOULDERS, OR DIFFICULTY
SLEEPING RELATED TO TENSENESS OR ANXIETY.

• IF THE CLIENT IS WILLING TO HAVE A MASSAGE, AS

SOME INDIVIDUALS MAY NOT ENJOY A MASSAGE.

• CONTRAINDICATIONS FOR BACK MASSAGE.

 ASSESSMENT
Vital signs, skin color
and temperature, nail bed color,
and tissue perfusion of
extremities as baseline data.
Adhesive allergy
ASSEMBLE EQUIPMENT

Lotion

Towel for excess

lotion
• PREVIOUS ASSESSMENT OF THE SKIN
• SPECIAL LOTIONS TO BE USED
• POSITIONS CONTRAINDICATED FOR THE CLIENT.
ARRANGE FOR A QUIET ENVIRONMENT WITH
NO INTERRUPTIONS TO PROMOTE MAXIMUM
EFFECT OF THE BACK MASSAGE
 PROCEDURE
1. INTRODUCE YOURSELF AND VERIFY THE
CLIENT’S IDENTITY. EXPLAIN TO THE CLIENT
WHAT YOU ARE GOING TO DO, WHY IT IS
NECESSARY, AND HOW HE/SHE CAN
COOPERATE.
2. PERFORM HAND HYGIENE AND OBSERVE OTHER
APPROPRIATE INFECTION CONTROL
PROCEDURES.
3. PROVIDE FOR CLIENT PRIVACY.
4. PREPARE THE CLIENT
• ASSIST THE CLIENT TO MOVE TO THE NEAR SIDE OF THE BED
WITHIN YOUR REACH, AND ADJUST THE BED TO A
COMFORTABLE WORKING HEIGHT.

• ESTABLISH WHICH POSITION THE CLIENT PREFERS

• EXPOSE THE BACK FROM THE SHOULDERS TO THE INFERIOR
SACRAL AREA. COVER THE REMAINDER OF THE BODY
 PROCEDURE
5. MASSAGE THE BACK
• POUR A SMALL AMOUNT OF LOTION ONTO THE PALMS
OF YOUR HANDS AND HOLD IT FOR A MINUTE. THE
LOTION BOTTLE CAN BE PLACED IN A BATH BASIN FILLED
WITH WARM WATER.

• USING YOUR PALM, BEGIN IN THE SACRAL AREA, USING

SMOOTH CIRCULAR STROKES.

• MOVE YOUR HANDS UP THE CENTER OF THE BACK AND

THEN OVER BOTH SCAPULAE.

• MASSAGE IN A CIRCULAR MOTION OVER THE SCAPULAE.

• MOVE YOUR HANDS DOWN THE SIDES OF THE BACK.
 PROCEDURE
5. MASSAGE THE BACK
• MASSAGE THE AREAS OVER THE RIGHT AND LEFT
ILIAC CREST.

• APPLY FIRM, CONTINUOUS PRESSURE WITHOUT

BREAKING CONTACT WITH THE CLIENT’S SKIN.

• REPEAT ABOVE FOR 3-5 MINUTES, OBTAINING

MORE LOTION AS NECESSARY.

• WHILE MASSAGING THE BACK, ASSESS FOR SKIN

REDNESS AND AREAS OF DECREASE CIRCULATION

• PAT DRY ANY EXCESS LOTION WITH A TOWEL

• DOCUMENT THAT BACK RUB
WAS PERFORMED, AND THE
CLIENT’S RESPONSE. RECORD
ANY UNUSUAL FINDINGS.
THANK YOU ☺