ASSIGNMENT#01

SUBJECTiREE-529(EIA)

Department
RenewableiEnergyiEngineering
(REE)

SUBMITTEDiBYiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiRIAZiAHMADiiii

REG.Noiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii13BNELE0603

SUBMITTEDiTOiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiSIRiATIFiSARDAR

TopiciiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiPaperiReview

Datediiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii19iAUGUSTi2020

Center for Advance studies in Energy

University of
Engineering&iTechnologyi(UET)ipeshawar
ThisipaperiisiaboutitheicomparativeistudyionitheiapplicationiofipubliciparticipationiforiEIAiinid
evelopingicountry(Malaysia)itoithatiinidevelopedicountriesi(NewiZealandiandiCanada).AniEIAi
processiandiEIAiLegislationiforipubliciparticipationiisianalyzed.Theianalysisigivesifurtheriimpr
ovementsi,isuggestionsi,ihintsiandinewiideasiforiMalaysiaitoiimproveitheiexistingipublicipartici
pationiapplicationiforiEIA

TheifollowingilimitationsiiniimplementationiofipubliciparticipationiforiEIAiiniMalaysiaih
asibeeniaddressediinithisipaper.
1. Oneiofitheiissuesiisitheiinadequaciesiofitheilegislationiandirequirementsionitheipublici
participationiforiEIAiiniMalaysia.i
2. ThereiareinoiproperiguidelinesionipubliciengagementiadministerediforiEIAiinitheiEIA
iguidelinesipublishedibyitheiDepartmentiofiEnvironmentiMalaysiai(DOE).
3. iDueitoithisimatter,iitihasiledimultipleienvironmentaliissuesitoiexistiinithisination.iThe
ipubliciparticipationicarriedioutiunderitheiFirstiScheduleiforiEIAiiniMalaysiaiisiofteni
shallowiandiinsignificant.i
4. MostiofitheiEIAireportsiofitheiFirstiScheduleiactivitiesithatiwereisubmittediandiappro
vedibyitheiDOEiwithoutipubliciparticipation.i
5. AsiforitheiSecondiScheduleiactivities,iitiisimandatoryitoiadministeritheipubliciparticip
ationiunderitheiEIAiguidelines.i
6. TheipubliciparticipationiadministerediforiEIAiareifrequentlyiappliedilateiwhereitheide
cisionsihaveialreadyibeenidecidedi.Theiineffectiveipubliciparticipationiisialsoicontribu
tedibyitheiattitudeiofieachistakeholderiinitheiprocessiofiEIAinamelyitheiconsultants,it
heiprojectiproponentsiandialsoitheipublic.i
7. Theseiissuesihaveicollectivelyiresulteditoianiineffectiveiapplicationiofipubliciparticipa
tioniforiEIAiadministerediiniMalaysia.

PUBLICiPARTICIPATIONiFORi (EIA)iINiCANADA

TheipubliciparticipationiiniCanadaiisiadministerediinialmostieveryistagesiofitheienvironmentalias
sessment.iProvisionsiforitheipubliciparticipationiforienvironmentaliassessmentiiniCanadaiisiprovi
dediinisectionsiunderitheiCanadianiEnvironmentaliAssessmentiActi2012.
1. UnderiSectioni9i(c)iofitheiAct,iitidescribesitheipublicinoticeithatiinvitesitheipublicitoic
ommentionitheidescriptioniofitheidesignatediprojectiandialsoioniaitimeiframeiofi20iday
sitoicollectitheicommentsigivenibyitheipublici(Canada,i2017).
2. Sectioni10iofitheiActialsoimentioneditheiinclusioniofipubliciparticipation.iSectioni10i(a
)
(iii)istatedithatitheiscreeningiprocessiconductedimustialsoiincludeitheiconsiderationiofit
heicommentsireceivedibyitheipublicinoticeidiscussediearlieri(Canada,i2017).i
3. TheiemphasisionipubliciparticipationiisialsoirepeatedlyistatediiniSectioni19i(1)
(c)iwhereiitistatesithatienvironmentaliassessmentiofiaidesignatediprojectihasitoiincludei
theicommentsifromitheipubliciorianyiinterestedipartiesi(Canada,i2017).
4. Inisectioni24iofitheiCanadianiEnvironmentaliAssessmentiActi2012,itheiActiclearlyistat
esithatitheiresponsibleiauthorityihasitoiprovideianiopportunityiforipublicitoiparticipateii
nitheienvironmentaliassessmenticonductediiniCanadai(Canada,i2017).i
5. iSectioni28iunderitheiActialsoiincludediaiprovisioniforipubliciparticipationitoibeicarrie
dioutiinitheiadministrationiofitheienvironmentaliassessmenticonductedibyitheiNationali
 EnergyiBoardiunderitheisectioni54iofitheiNationaliEnergyiBoardiActi(Canada,i2017).
6. InianienvironmentaliassessmenticonductedibyitheiAgency,iaidraftireportiisirequirediand
ipubliciparticipationiinitheidraftireportiisialsoispelledioutiinitheiActiunderiSectioni25i(1
)
(b)i(Canada,i2017).iTheiprovisionistatesithatiainoticeiofiinvitationiforitheipublicitoicom
mentionitheidraftireportiareitoibeipostediinitheiInternetisite.iTheiActialsoiemphasizesio
nitheiconsiderationiofipublicicommentsiinitheifinalireportitoibeipresenteditoitheiMiniste
riofitheiEnvironmentiunderiSectioni25i(2).
7. iTheiprovisioniforipubliciparticipationiforienvironmentaliassessmentiadministeredibyiai
reviewipaneliwereistatediiniSectioni46iofitheiActiwhereiitistatesithatitheiMinisterihasito
ifacilitateiaccessitoipublicitoicommentionitheireporti(Canada,i2017).
Conclusively,itheipubliciparticipationiforiEIAiiniCanadaiisiclearlyibeingiembeddediintoithe
iproceduresiofiEIAiandialsoisupportediinitheilegislationipertainingitoitheienvironmentaliassessme
nticarriedioutiiniCanada.iTheisignificanceiofitheipubliciparticipationiisiseeniasitheipubliciparticip
ationiisirequirediinialmostieveryistagesiinitheiprocessiwhichiareitheiprojectidescriptionistage,ithei
EAicommencementistage,itheiEISianalysisistageiinibothitypeiofiassessmentsianditheiEAireportist
ageiinibothitypeiofiassessments.

Fig.i1SubmissioniofiEIAiReportiStageiiniCanada Source:iCEAAi(2013)
 PUBLICiPARTICIPATIONiFORi(EIA)iINiNEWiZEALAND

InitheiEIAiprocessiconductediiniNewiZealand,ithereiareitwoipartsiofitheiprocessi
a. AssessmentiEnvironmentaliEffectsi(AEE)
IniAssessmentiEnvironmentaliEffectsi(AEE)itheiopportunitiesitoiconductipubliciparticipationiare
ivisibleifromitheiStepi1iuntiliStepi5iasishowniinitheifigurei2.i

figure.2AssessmentiEnvironmentalieffect
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii(AEE) Figure.3iResourseiConcentiProcess
b. ResourceiConsent
Herei(Figure.3)itheiopportunityitoiconductiaipubliciparticipationiisinotiindicatediinitheiflowiofiprocess.iButit
heiActiwhichirefersitoitheiResourceiManagementiActi1991i(RMA)iasitheilegal

documentiiniNewiZealandihasidetaileditheipubliciparticipationirequirementsiinibothiprocesses.

1. Sectioni2ABiunderisubsectioni1iandi2iinitheiRMAihasiprovidediaigeneralimeani
ngiofipublicinoticeiwhereitheiRMAirequiresitheipublicinoticeitoibeipublishiiniaif
reeiaccessiwebsiteiandialsoiinclusiveiofiallitheirequirediinformationi(Environmen
t,i2018).iAdditionally,itheiprovisionialsoiincludedithatitheipublicinoticeimustiincl
udeiaishortisummaryithatiisicleariandiconciseianditoibeipublishediiniwebsiteiandi
inioneiorimoreinewspaperiinitheiaffectediarea.i
2. sectioni43Aiunderisubsectioni(7)
(a)ientailsitheipubliciparticipationielementiinitheiapplicationiprocessiofiaiResour
ceiConsenti(Environment,i2018).Thisisectionihighlightsitheirequirementiforiaipu
blicinoticeiinitheiapplicationiofiaiResourceiConsent.i
3. sectioni95ientailsitheitimeilimitigivenitoiconductitheipublicinotificationiunderisu
bsectioni(1)iandisubsectioni(2)i(Environment,i2018).iSubsectioni(2)iofitheiprovis
ionistatesithatitheitimeigiveniforifastitrackiapplicationiisi10idaysiandiforiotheriap
plicationiisi20idaysiafteritheidayiofitheiapplication.i
4. TheiRMAialsoiincludesiaiprovisionithatiillustratesitheiexplanationiforipublicinoti
ficationioficonsentiapplication.i
5. Accordingitoisectioni95A,iunderisubsectioni(1)iuntilisubsectioni(9),ithisiprovisio
nientailsiaistep-by-
 stepiguideiforiconsentiauthorityitoidetermineitheicircumstanceithatirequiresiaicon
sentiapplication.
Iniaiconclusion,itheipubliciparticipationiforitheiEIAiprocessiforiNewiZealandiisisignifican
tiasibothiprocessiofiAEEiandiResourceiConsentiapplicationirequiresielementsiofipubliciparticip
ation

PUBLICiPARTICIPATIONiFOR(EIA)iINiMALAYSIA

IniMalaysia,ipubliciparticipationihasibeenihighlightediinithreeilegalidocumentsiwhichiare
a. TheiEnvironmentaliQualityiActi(EQA)i1974iSectioni34A
b. iEnvironmentaliQualityi(PrescribediActivities)iEnvironmentaliImpactiAssessmentiOrderi20
15i
c. iEnvironmentaliImpactiAssessmentiGuidelinesi2016.
1. AnyiindicationiofiapplicationiofipubliciparticipationithatiisiwritteniinitheiEIAiGuidelinei20
16,iitiisilegalibindingitoibeiapplieditoitheiEIAireportipreparation.i
2. TheipubliciparticipationiapplicationiforitheiEIAireportipreparationiwasiemphasisediunderit
heisecondilegalidocumentiwhichiisitheiEIAiOrderi2015.i
3. BelowiisitheicitationiofitheiEIAiOrderi2015ionisubparagraphi(2),i(3)iandi(5)iunderiitemin
umberi3i(DOE,i2015).iItiisicleariunderisubparagraphi(2)iandi(3)ithatitheiapplicationiofipub
liciparticipationiisiairequirementiforiprescribediactivitiesiunderitheiSecondiScheduleiwhilei
itiisinoticompulsoryitoibeicarriedioutiforiprescribediactivitiesiunderitheiFirstiSchedule.
4. However,isubparagraphi(2)istatedithatitheipubliciparticipationiisitoibeideemedicompulsoryi
foritheiFirstiScheduleiprescribediactivitiesiifiaiwritteniinstructionsiwereigivenibyitheiDirec
toriGeneraliofiEnvironment.iAsiforisubparagraphi(5),iitiexplainsifurtherionitheipublicidispl
ayiofitheiEIAireportitoiretrieveipublicicommentsionitheireport.iTheipubliciparticipationiele
mentiisifurtheriemphasisediinitheiguidingidocumentipublishedibyitheiDOEiwhichiisitheiEI
AiGuidelinei2016.i
5. Itiisiapparentithatitheipubliciparticipationielementiisiintegratediinitheireviewiprocessiofithe
isubmittediEIAireportiforiprescribediactivitiesiunderitheiSecondiSchedulei(DOE,i2016).

InitheiEIAiprocessiadministerediiniMalaysia,iopportunitiesiforipublicitoiparticipateiareivisibleiinit
woistagesi
a. pre-submissionistagei
b. submissionistagei
TheiTermiofiReferencei(TOR)iisitheipre-
submissionistageiwhereiafteritheisubmissioniofitheiTOR,iaiTermiofiReferenceiAdequacyiChecki(
TORAC)imeetingiisihelditoievaluateitheiTORisubmitted.iInithisiTORACimeeting,iailimitedioppor
tunityiisigiveniforiaiselectediindividualicalleditheiAppointediIndividualsi(AIs)itoirepresentitheipub
lic.i
TheipubliciparticipationiopportunityiexistsiwhereitheiEIAireportiisirequireditoibeidisplayeditoithei
publiciandipubliciareiableitoicommentionitheiEIAireports.iTheicommentsiareicollectedibeforeithei
EIAitechnicalireviewicommitteei(EIATRC)imeeting.

iASSESSMENTiONiPUBLICiPARTICIPATIONiFORi(EIA)

Categories MalaysianiEIA CanadianiEIA NewiZealandiEIA Observation

1. Pre-
1. DeterminationiofiP Allithreeicountriesiha
submissionistage:iTe 1. Assessmentiof
rojectiDescription veiprovidediopportuni
PubliciParticipation rmsiofiReferencei(T iEnvironmenta
2. EISiGuidelinesistage tyiforipubliciparticipa
iOpportunity OR) liEffectsi(AEE
3. EISistage tioniinitheiEIAiproces
2. Submissionistageifo ) s.
4. EAireportistage
riSecondiSchedulei 2. ResourceiConsent
Activities 1. Noitimelineigive
1. NoneiforiTOR 1. 20idaysiforiPD niforitheiAEE
2. Onei(1)imonthiforip 2. Noitimelineigivenifo 2. 20iworkingidaysifo
ubliciparticipationif riotheriphaseiofipubli riResourceiConsent Allithreeicountriesiha
oriSecondiSchedulei ciparticipation iapplication veisetiaitimelineiforit
TimelineiforitheiPu
Activities 3. 55idaysiforiPD 3. 30iworkingidaysifo heipubliciparticipatio
bliciParticipationia
niandiEIAiprocessires
ndiEIAiprocess 3. 5iweeksiforiFirs 4. 365idaysiforiEAibyit riminoriimpactsipro
pectively.
tiSchedule heiAgencyiori24imo jects
4. 12iweeksiforiSecon nthsiforiEAibyitheiR 4. 70iworkingidaysifo
dischedule eviewiPanel rimajoriimpactsipro
jects
1. Pre-
1. DeterminationiofiP Allithreeicountriesiha
submissionistage:iTe 3. Assessmentiof
rojectiDescription veiprovidediopportuni
PubliciParticipation rmsiofiReferencei(T iEnvironmenta
2. EISiGuidelinesistage tyiforipubliciparticipa
iOpportunity OR) liEffectsi(AEE
3. EISistage tioniinitheiEIAiproces
2. Submissionistageifo ) s.
4. EAireportistage
riSecondiSchedulei 4. ResourceiConsent
Activities CanadaiandiNewiZe
alandihaveisetioutip
rovisionsiinitheiriAc
tsionipubliciparticip
ProvisionsiforiPubl 1. EIAiGuidelines Canadian ation.
iciParticipationiini Environmentali ResourceiManagement Malaysiaihasiprovisi
i2016
LegislationioriRequ AssessmentiAct iActi(RMA) onsiiniEIAiOrderi20
irement 2. EIAiOrderi2015 i(CEAA) 15iandiEIAiGuidelin
esiwhichiareisupple
mentaryidocumentsit
oitheimainiAct.

TableiAi:ishowithe
a) comparativeiassessmentionitheipubliciparticipationiforiEIAiadministerediiniMalaysia,iCan
adaiandiNewiZealand.
b) isimilitudesiandicontrastsiofipubliciparticipationiforiEIAiinitheithreeicountriesinamelyiMa
 laysia,iCanadaiandiNewiZealand.i
Theimainilegaliinstrumentsiarei
i. EnvironmentaliQualityiActi(EQA)iforiMalaysia,i
ii. CanadianiEnvironmentaliAssessmentiActi(CEAA)iforiCanada
iii. ResourceiManagementiActi(RMA)iforiNewiZealand.i
BothiCanadaiandiNewiZealandihaveiprovidediopportunitiesiforipubliciparticipationiinimostistages
ithroughoutitheiEIAiprocessiadaptediinitheirirespectiveicountriesi
MalaysiaihasiincludedipubliciparticipationiopportunitiesionlyiinisubmissionistageiforitheiSecondiS
cheduleiactivitiesi.Initheipre-
submissionistageiwhichiisitheiTOR,iailimitediopportunityiforipubliciparticipationioccuriwheniApp
ointediIndividualsi(AIs)iareiselecteditoibeiinitheiTORiprocessitoirepresentitheipublici.
TheiprovisionsionipubliciparticipationiforiEIAiwereiprovidediinitheirimainilegislationiforibothiCa
nadaiandiNewiZealandiwhichiareitheiCanadianiEnvironmentaliAssessmentiActi(CEAA)ianditheiR
esourceiManagementiActi(RMA)irespectively.iConversely,iMalaysiaididinotiprovideianyiclausesi
onipubliciparticipationiforiEIAiinitheiEnvironmentaliQualityiActi(EQA)iasitheimainilegislation.iN
evertheless,itheiclausesiforipubliciparticipationiareigiveniinitheiEIAiOrderi2015iandiEIAiGuidelin
esi2016.iConclusively,itheicomparativeiassessmentihasishownithatitheipubliciparticipationiforiEIA
iiniCanadaiandiNewiZealandiareievidentlyimoreiextensiveicontrastitoitheipubliciparticipationifori
EIAiconductediiniMalaysia.

CONCLUSIONS
Itiisiconcludedithatitheicomparedidevelopedicountriesi(CanadaiandiNewiZealand)ihaveiaimoreie
xtensiveisystemiinitheiapplicationiofipubliciparticipationiforiEIAicompareditoitheidevelopingi(i
Malaysia).iThisiisidueitoitheifactithatibothiCanadaiandiNewiZealandihasiintegratedidetailediprov
isionsiinitheirimainilegislationioniEIAianditheiopportunitiesiforipublicitoiparticipateiinitheiriEIA
iprocessiareimoreicompareditoitheiEIAiprocessiiniMalaysia.iThus,itheipubliciparticipationiforiEI
AiappliediiniCanadaiandiNewiZealandishouldibeiprecedentsitoifurtherienhanceitheiimplementati
oniofipubliciparticipationiforiEIAiiniMalaysia.