ASSIGNMENT#01

SUBJECTiREE-529(EIA)

Department
RenewableiEnergyiEngineering
(REE)

SUBMITTEDiBYiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiRIAZiAHMADiiii

REG.Noiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii13BNELE0603

SUBMITTEDiTOiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiSIRiATIFiSARDAR

TopiciiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiPaperiReview

Datediiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii19iAUGUSTi2020

Center for Advance studies in Energy

University of
Engineering&iTechnologyi(UET)ipeshawar
ThisipaperiisiaboutitheicomparativeistudyionitheiapplicationiofipubliciparticipationiforiEIAiinid
evelopingicountry(Malaysia)itoithatiinidevelopedicountriesi(NewiZealandiandiCanada).AniEIAi
processiandiEIAiLegislationiforipubliciparticipationiisianalyzed.Theianalysisigivesifurtheriimpro
vementsi,isuggestionsi,ihintsiandinewiideasiforiMalaysiaitoiimproveitheiexistingipubliciparticipa
tioniapplicationiforiEIA

TheifollowingilimitationsiiniimplementationiofipubliciparticipationiforiEIAiiniMalaysiaih
asibeeniaddressediinithisipaper.
1. Oneiofitheiissuesiisitheiinadequaciesiofitheilegislationiandirequirementsionitheipublici
participationiforiEIAiiniMalaysia.i
2. ThereiareinoiproperiguidelinesionipubliciengagementiadministerediforiEIAiinitheiEIA
iguidelinesipublishedibyitheiDepartmentiofiEnvironmentiMalaysiai(DOE).
3. iDueitoithisimatter,iitihasiledimultipleienvironmentaliissuesitoiexistiinithisination.iThei
publiciparticipationicarriedioutiunderitheiFirstiScheduleiforiEIAiiniMalaysiaiisioftenis
hallowiandiinsignificant.i
4. MostiofitheiEIAireportsiofitheiFirstiScheduleiactivitiesithatiwereisubmittediandiapprov
edibyitheiDOEiwithoutipubliciparticipation.i
5. AsiforitheiSecondiScheduleiactivities,iitiisimandatoryitoiadministeritheipubliciparticipa
tioniunderitheiEIAiguidelines.i
6. TheipubliciparticipationiadministerediforiEIAiareifrequentlyiappliedilateiwhereitheide
cisionsihaveialreadyibeenidecidedi.Theiineffectiveipubliciparticipationiisialsoicontribu
tedibyitheiattitudeiofieachistakeholderiinitheiprocessiofiEIAinamelyitheiconsultants,it
heiprojectiproponentsiandialsoitheipublic.i
7. Theseiissuesihaveicollectivelyiresulteditoianiineffectiveiapplicationiofipubliciparticipat
ioniforiEIAiadministerediiniMalaysia.

PUBLICiPARTICIPATIONiFORi (EIA)iINiCANADA

TheipubliciparticipationiiniCanadaiisiadministerediinialmostieveryistagesiofitheienvironmentalias
sessment.iProvisionsiforitheipubliciparticipationiforienvironmentaliassessmentiiniCanadaiisiprovi
dediinisectionsiunderitheiCanadianiEnvironmentaliAssessmentiActi2012.
1. UnderiSectioni9i(c)iofitheiAct,iitidescribesitheipublicinoticeithatiinvitesitheipublicitoic
ommentionitheidescriptioniofitheidesignatediprojectiandialsoioniaitimeiframeiofi20idays
itoicollectitheicommentsigivenibyitheipublici(Canada,i2017).
2. Sectioni10iofitheiActialsoimentioneditheiinclusioniofipubliciparticipation.iSectioni10i(a
)(iii)istatedithatitheiscreeningiprocessiconductedimustialsoiincludeitheiconsiderationiofit
heicommentsireceivedibyitheipublicinoticeidiscussediearlieri(Canada,i2017).i
3. TheiemphasisionipubliciparticipationiisialsoirepeatedlyistatediiniSectioni19i(1)(c)iwher
eiitistatesithatienvironmentaliassessmentiofiaidesignatediprojectihasitoiincludeitheicom
mentsifromitheipubliciorianyiinterestedipartiesi(Canada,i2017).
4. Inisectioni24iofitheiCanadianiEnvironmentaliAssessmentiActi2012,itheiActiclearlyistat
esithatitheiresponsibleiauthorityihasitoiprovideianiopportunityiforipublicitoiparticipateii
nitheienvironmentaliassessmenticonductediiniCanadai(Canada,i2017).i
5. iSectioni28iunderitheiActialsoiincludediaiprovisioniforipubliciparticipationitoibeicarried
ioutiinitheiadministrationiofitheienvironmentaliassessmenticonductedibyitheiNationaliEn
 ergyiBoardiunderitheisectioni54iofitheiNationaliEnergyiBoardiActi(Canada,i2017).
6. InianienvironmentaliassessmenticonductedibyitheiAgency,iaidraftireportiisirequirediand
ipubliciparticipationiinitheidraftireportiisialsoispelledioutiinitheiActiunderiSectioni25i(1)(
b)i(Canada,i2017).iTheiprovisionistatesithatiainoticeiofiinvitationiforitheipublicitoicom
mentionitheidraftireportiareitoibeipostediinitheiInternetisite.iTheiActialsoiemphasizesio
nitheiconsiderationiofipublicicommentsiinitheifinalireportitoibeipresenteditoitheiMiniste
riofitheiEnvironmentiunderiSectioni25i(2).
7. iTheiprovisioniforipubliciparticipationiforienvironmentaliassessmentiadministeredibyiai
reviewipaneliwereistatediiniSectioni46iofitheiActiwhereiitistatesithatitheiMinisterihasito
ifacilitateiaccessitoipublicitoicommentionitheireporti(Canada,i2017).
Conclusively,itheipubliciparticipationiforiEIAiiniCanadaiisiclearlyibeingiembeddediintoithe
iproceduresiofiEIAiandialsoisupportediinitheilegislationipertainingitoitheienvironmentaliassessme
nticarriedioutiiniCanada.iTheisignificanceiofitheipubliciparticipationiisiseeniasitheipubliciparticipat
ioniisirequirediinialmostieveryistagesiinitheiprocessiwhichiareitheiprojectidescriptionistage,itheiE
Aicommencementistage,itheiEISianalysisistageiinibothitypeiofiassessmentsianditheiEAireportista
geiinibothitypeiofiassessments.

Fig.i1SubmissioniofiEIAiReportiStageiiniCanada Source:iCEAAi(2013)
 PUBLICiPARTICIPATIONiFORi(EIA)iINiNEWiZEALAND

InitheiEIAiprocessiconductediiniNewiZealand,ithereiareitwoipartsiofitheiprocessi
a. AssessmentiEnvironmentaliEffectsi(AEE)
IniAssessmentiEnvironmentaliEffectsi(AEE)itheiopportunitiesitoiconductipubliciparticipationiare
ivisibleifromitheiStepi1iuntiliStepi5iasishowniinitheifigurei2.i

figure.2AssessmentiEnvironmentalieffect
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii(AEE) Figure.3iResourseiConcentiProcess
b. ResourceiConsent
Herei(Figure.3)itheiopportunityitoiconductiaipubliciparticipationiisinotiindicatediinitheiflowiofiprocess.iButit
heiActiwhichirefersitoitheiResourceiManagementiActi1991i(RMA)iasitheilegal

documentiiniNewiZealandihasidetaileditheipubliciparticipationirequirementsiinibothiprocesses.

1. Sectioni2ABiunderisubsectioni1iandi2iinitheiRMAihasiprovidediaigeneralimeanin
giofipublicinoticeiwhereitheiRMAirequiresitheipublicinoticeitoibeipublishiiniaifr
eeiaccessiwebsiteiandialsoiinclusiveiofiallitheirequirediinformationi(Environment
,i2018).iAdditionally,itheiprovisionialsoiincludedithatitheipublicinoticeimustiincl
udeiaishortisummaryithatiisicleariandiconciseianditoibeipublishediiniwebsiteiandi
inioneiorimoreinewspaperiinitheiaffectediarea.i
2. sectioni43Aiunderisubsectioni(7)(a)ientailsitheipubliciparticipationielementiinithe
iapplicationiprocessiofiaiResourceiConsenti(Environment,i2018).Thisisectionihig
hlightsitheirequirementiforiaipublicinoticeiinitheiapplicationiofiaiResourceiConse
nt.i
3. sectioni95ientailsitheitimeilimitigivenitoiconductitheipublicinotificationiunderisu
bsectioni(1)iandisubsectioni(2)i(Environment,i2018).iSubsectioni(2)iofitheiprovis
ionistatesithatitheitimeigiveniforifastitrackiapplicationiisi10idaysiandiforiotheriap
plicationiisi20idaysiafteritheidayiofitheiapplication.i
4. TheiRMAialsoiincludesiaiprovisionithatiillustratesitheiexplanationiforipublicinotif
icationioficonsentiapplication.i
5. Accordingitoisectioni95A,iunderisubsectioni(1)iuntilisubsectioni(9),ithisiprovisio
nientailsiaistep-by-
stepiguideiforiconsentiauthorityitoidetermineitheicircumstanceithatirequiresiaicon
 sentiapplication.
Iniaiconclusion,itheipubliciparticipationiforitheiEIAiprocessiforiNewiZealandiisisignifican
tiasibothiprocessiofiAEEiandiResourceiConsentiapplicationirequiresielementsiofipubliciparticipati
on

PUBLICiPARTICIPATIONiFOR(EIA)iINiMALAYSIA

IniMalaysia,ipubliciparticipationihasibeenihighlightediinithreeilegalidocumentsiwhichiare
a. TheiEnvironmentaliQualityiActi(EQA)i1974iSectioni34A
b. iEnvironmentaliQualityi(PrescribediActivities)iEnvironmentaliImpactiAssessmentiOrderi20
15i
c. iEnvironmentaliImpactiAssessmentiGuidelinesi2016.
1. AnyiindicationiofiapplicationiofipubliciparticipationithatiisiwritteniinitheiEIAiGuidelinei201
6,iitiisilegalibindingitoibeiapplieditoitheiEIAireportipreparation.i
2. TheipubliciparticipationiapplicationiforitheiEIAireportipreparationiwasiemphasisediunderit
heisecondilegalidocumentiwhichiisitheiEIAiOrderi2015.i
3. BelowiisitheicitationiofitheiEIAiOrderi2015ionisubparagraphi(2),i(3)iandi(5)iunderiiteminu
mberi3i(DOE,i2015).iItiisicleariunderisubparagraphi(2)iandi(3)ithatitheiapplicationiofipubli
ciparticipationiisiairequirementiforiprescribediactivitiesiunderitheiSecondiScheduleiwhileiit
iisinoticompulsoryitoibeicarriedioutiforiprescribediactivitiesiunderitheiFirstiSchedule.
4. However,isubparagraphi(2)istatedithatitheipubliciparticipationiisitoibeideemedicompulsoryi
foritheiFirstiScheduleiprescribediactivitiesiifiaiwritteniinstructionsiwereigivenibyitheiDirect
oriGeneraliofiEnvironment.iAsiforisubparagraphi(5),iitiexplainsifurtherionitheipublicidispla
yiofitheiEIAireportitoiretrieveipublicicommentsionitheireport.iTheipubliciparticipationiele
mentiisifurtheriemphasisediinitheiguidingidocumentipublishedibyitheiDOEiwhichiisitheiEI
AiGuidelinei2016.i
5. Itiisiapparentithatitheipubliciparticipationielementiisiintegratediinitheireviewiprocessiofithe
isubmittediEIAireportiforiprescribediactivitiesiunderitheiSecondiSchedulei(DOE,i2016).

InitheiEIAiprocessiadministerediiniMalaysia,iopportunitiesiforipublicitoiparticipateiareivisibleiinit
woistagesi
a. pre-submissionistagei
b. submissionistagei
TheiTermiofiReferencei(TOR)iisitheipre-
submissionistageiwhereiafteritheisubmissioniofitheiTOR,iaiTermiofiReferenceiAdequacyiChecki(
TORAC)imeetingiisihelditoievaluateitheiTORisubmitted.iInithisiTORACimeeting,iailimitediopport
unityiisigiveniforiaiselectediindividualicalleditheiAppointediIndividualsi(AIs)itoirepresentitheipubl
ic.i
TheipubliciparticipationiopportunityiexistsiwhereitheiEIAireportiisirequireditoibeidisplayeditoithei
publiciandipubliciareiableitoicommentionitheiEIAireports.iTheicommentsiareicollectedibeforeithei
EIAitechnicalireviewicommitteei(EIATRC)imeeting.

iASSESSMENTiONiPUBLICiPARTICIPATIONiFORi(EIA)

Categories MalaysianiEIA CanadianiEIA NewiZealandiEIA Observation

1. Pre-
1. DeterminationiofiP Allithreeicountriesiha
submissionistage:iTe 1. Assessmentiof
rojectiDescription veiprovidediopportuni
PubliciParticipation rmsiofiReferencei(T iEnvironmenta
2. EISiGuidelinesistage tyiforipubliciparticipa
iOpportunity OR) liEffectsi(AEE
3. EISistage tioniinitheiEIAiproces
2. Submissionistageifo ) s.
4. EAireportistage
riSecondiSchedulei 2. ResourceiConsent
Activities 1. Noitimelineigive
1. NoneiforiTOR 1. 20idaysiforiPD niforitheiAEE
2. Onei(1)imonthiforip 2. Noitimelineigivenifo 2. 20iworkingidaysifo
ubliciparticipationif riotheriphaseiofipubli riResourceiConsent Allithreeicountriesiha
oriSecondiSchedulei ciparticipation iapplication veisetiaitimelineiforit
TimelineiforitheiPu
heipubliciparticipatio
bliciParticipationia Activities 3. 55idaysiforiPD 3. 30iworkingidaysifo
niandiEIAiprocessires
ndiEIAiprocess 3. 5iweeksiforiFirs 4. 365idaysiforiEAibyit riminoriimpactsipro pectively.
tiSchedule heiAgencyiori24imon jects
4. 12iweeksiforiSecon thsiforiEAibyitheiRe 4. 70iworkingidaysifo
dischedule viewiPanel rimajoriimpactsipro
jects
1. Pre-
1. DeterminationiofiP Allithreeicountriesiha
submissionistage:iTe 3. Assessmentiof
rojectiDescription veiprovidediopportuni
PubliciParticipation rmsiofiReferencei(T iEnvironmenta
2. EISiGuidelinesistage tyiforipubliciparticipa
iOpportunity OR) liEffectsi(AEE
3. EISistage tioniinitheiEIAiproces
2. Submissionistageifo ) s.
4. EAireportistage
riSecondiSchedulei 4. ResourceiConsent
Activities CanadaiandiNewiZe
alandihaveisetioutip
rovisionsiinitheiriAc
tsionipubliciparticip
ProvisionsiforiPubl 1. EIAiGuidelines Canadian ation.
iciParticipationiini Environmentali ResourceiManagement Malaysiaihasiprovisi
i2016
LegislationioriRequ AssessmentiAct iActi(RMA) onsiiniEIAiOrderi20
irement 2. EIAiOrderi2015 i(CEAA) 15iandiEIAiGuidelin
esiwhichiareisupple
mentaryidocumentsit
oitheimainiAct.

TableiAi:ishowithe
a) comparativeiassessmentionitheipubliciparticipationiforiEIAiadministerediiniMalaysia,iCan
adaiandiNewiZealand.
b) isimilitudesiandicontrastsiofipubliciparticipationiforiEIAiinitheithreeicountriesinamelyiMa
laysia,iCanadaiandiNewiZealand.i
Theimainilegaliinstrumentsiarei
i. EnvironmentaliQualityiActi(EQA)iforiMalaysia,i
ii. CanadianiEnvironmentaliAssessmentiActi(CEAA)iforiCanada
iii. ResourceiManagementiActi(RMA)iforiNewiZealand.i
BothiCanadaiandiNewiZealandihaveiprovidediopportunitiesiforipubliciparticipationiinimostistages
ithroughoutitheiEIAiprocessiadaptediinitheirirespectiveicountriesi
MalaysiaihasiincludedipubliciparticipationiopportunitiesionlyiinisubmissionistageiforitheiSecondiS
cheduleiactivitiesi.Initheipre-
submissionistageiwhichiisitheiTOR,iailimitediopportunityiforipubliciparticipationioccuriwheniApp
ointediIndividualsi(AIs)iareiselecteditoibeiinitheiTORiprocessitoirepresentitheipublici.
TheiprovisionsionipubliciparticipationiforiEIAiwereiprovidediinitheirimainilegislationiforibothiCan
adaiandiNewiZealandiwhichiareitheiCanadianiEnvironmentaliAssessmentiActi(CEAA)ianditheiRes
ourceiManagementiActi(RMA)irespectively.iConversely,iMalaysiaididinotiprovideianyiclausesioni
publiciparticipationiforiEIAiinitheiEnvironmentaliQualityiActi(EQA)iasitheimainilegislation.iNev
ertheless,itheiclausesiforipubliciparticipationiareigiveniinitheiEIAiOrderi2015iandiEIAiGuidelinesi
2016.iConclusively,itheicomparativeiassessmentihasishownithatitheipubliciparticipationiforiEIAiin
iCanadaiandiNewiZealandiareievidentlyimoreiextensiveicontrastitoitheipubliciparticipationiforiEI
AiconductediiniMalaysia.

CONCLUSIONS
Itiisiconcludedithatitheicomparedidevelopedicountriesi(CanadaiandiNewiZealand)ihaveiaimoreie
xtensiveisystemiinitheiapplicationiofipubliciparticipationiforiEIAicompareditoitheidevelopingi(i
Malaysia).iThisiisidueitoitheifactithatibothiCanadaiandiNewiZealandihasiintegratedidetailediprov
isionsiinitheirimainilegislationioniEIAianditheiopportunitiesiforipublicitoiparticipateiinitheiriEIAi
processiareimoreicompareditoitheiEIAiprocessiiniMalaysia.iThus,itheipubliciparticipationiforiEIAi
appliediiniCanadaiandiNewiZealandishouldibeiprecedentsitoifurtherienhanceitheiimplementationi
ofipubliciparticipationiforiEIAiiniMalaysia.