JAPANESE

INDUSTRIAL
STANDARD
Translated and Published by
Japanese Standards Association

JIS Z 2352: 2010

(JSNDI/JSA)
Method for evaluating performance
characteristics of ultrasonic
pulse-echo testing systems

ICS 19.100
Reference number: JIS Z 2352 : 2010 (E)

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Z 2352 : 2010

Date of Establishment: 1992-03-01

Date of Revision: 2010-08-20
Date of Public Notice in Official Gazette: 2010-08-20
Investigated by: Japanese Industrial Standards Committee
Standards Board
Technical Committee on Iron and Steel

JIS Z 2352: 2010, First English edition published in 2012-02

Translated and published by: Japanese Standards Association

4-1-24, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-8440 JAPAN

In the event of any doubts arising as to the contents,

the original JIS is to be the final authority.

© JSA 2012
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.

Printed in Japan
KKiAT

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 Z 2352: 2010

Contents

Page

Introduction·········································· ...................................................... ·························1

1 Scope················································· ...................................................... ·····················1
2 Normative references ...................................................... ··········································1
3 Terms and definitions ...................................................... ·········································2
4 Measurement items of performance characteristics ·············································2
5 Matters concerning measurement that are to be noted ······································3
5.1 Measurement items and measurement range ....................................................... 3
5.2 Reading of digital flaw detector ...................................................... ························3
5.3 Person in charge of measurement ...................................................... ····················3
5.4 Measurement frequency ...................................................... ·····································3
5.5 Accuracy of reading of display ...................................................... ··························3
5.6 Test condition ............................................................................................................. 3
5.7 Distance amplitude correction ...................................................... ···························3
5.8 Position of reading of the time base of echo ...................................................... ···3

6 Methods for evaluating performance characteristics ···········································4

6.1 Evaluation of performance characteristics concerning time base ······················4
6.2 Measurement of performance characteristics concerning normal axis ·············5
6.3 Resolution of straight beam testing technique ···················································12
6.4 Resolution of angle beam testing technique························································16
6.5 Margin of sensitivity of straight beam testing technique ·································17
6.6 Al sensitivity and A2 sensitivity of angle beam testing technique ················18
6.7 Dead zone after transmitter pulse with straight beam testing technique ·····20

7 Periodic checks········································································································· 21
8 Record················································ ...................................................... ··················21
Annex JA (informative) Comparison table between JIS and corresponding
International Standard ....................................................... 24

(i)

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Z 2352 : 2010

Foreword
This translation has been made based on the original Japanese Industrial Standard
revised by the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry, through deliberations at
the Japanese Industrial Standards Committee as the result of proposal of revision
of Japanese Industrial Standard submitted by the Japanese Society for Non-Destructive
Inspection (JSNDI)/Japanese Standards Association (JSA) with the draft being attached,
based on the provision of Article 12 Clause 1 of the Industrial Standardization Law
applicable to the case of revision by the provision of Article 14.
Consequently JIS Z 2352: 1992 is replaced with this Standard.
This JIS document is protected by the Copyright Law.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some parts of this Standard may conflict
with a patent right, application for a patent after opening to the public, utility model
right or application for registration of utility model after opening to the public which
have technical properties. The relevant Minister and the Japanese Industrial Standards
Committee are not responsible for identifying the patent right, application for a patent
after opening to the public, utility model right or application for registration of utility
model after opening to the public which have the said technical properties.

(ii)

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JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL STANDARD JIS Z 2352 : 2010

Method for evaluating performance

characteristics of ultrasonic pulse-echo
testing systems

In troduction
This Japanese Industrial Standard has been prepared based on the first edition of
ISO 18175 published in 2004, while modifying some of the technical contents, based
on the actual management of the standard in Japan, in such a way as to facilitate
smoother management of the standard in Japan.
The portions with dotted underlines are the matters in which the contents of the
corresponding International Standard have been modified. A list of modifications with
the explanations is given in Annex JA.

1 Scope
This Standard specifies the method for evaluating performance characteristics and
the method for periodic checks of the ultrasonic pulse-echo testing systems that are
composed of the combination of the manually controlled ultrasonic test instrument hav-
ing a basic display based on an ultrasonic pulse-echo technique and a probe.
NOTE 1 For the method for evaluating the electrical characteristics of an ultra-
sonic testing instrument, see JIS Z 2351.
NOTE 2 The International Standard corresponding to this Standard and the
symbol of degree of correspondence are as follows.
ISO 18175: 2004 Non-destructive testing-Evaluating performance char-
acteristics of ultrasonic pulse-echo testing systems without the use of
electronic measurement instruments (MOD)
The symbols which denote the degree of correspondence in the con-
tents in the corresponding International Standard and JIS are IDT
(identical), MOD (modified) and NEQ (not equivalent) according to ISO/
lEe Guide 21-1.

2 Norma ti ve references
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text,
constitute provisions of this Standard. The most recent editions of the standards
(including amendments) indicated below shall be applied.

:!_~~__ ~__ Q~~_?_____q~l}:~,-,-~r_~f!!~'-'-~l}:_~~~_~f~'-'-~_}_·~_!?_~~_,,-~_~~_~~_[?-,,-__~~'}_~~_,,-__C!'!:r!:__ ~l}:~_~~0!_~~,!!_~l}:_~

sions without individual tolerance indications

:!_~~__ ~__ Q~~_~_____q~f!'!!_~_~,:_~~~r_!!T_?_C!~~~__ ~l!~~_~ti_~_c!~!_?_,!:~_{g!!_?)~_~l!_,,-f~~_~__ ~_~~_~l!:!~~_l!'-'-f!(H~

'!!_~~~f!r!:=T~T-'!!_~!__r!:_~f~'!:!_~~~ '}_~__~l}:_C! _~ ~!tf!_~~ __~~_~_~~!~ _P_C!':_c!,!!~~~ '-'-~_
:!_~~__ g_~!?_9_~ ___ T!Z~'-'-~~f!,!:!_~__ ~~~_~~_~g_~f_~_~~~_~_EZ~~_~~_f?_"-_J!'-'-~_f!~~!~_~~~~_~!_f!_
:!_~~__~ __?_~QQ ____ T'_~_"-_'!!~__ C!'}_C!_~~f~,}_~~!_?_~~_f!(_'!:f!l}:_C!~_~~':_~~_~~_~_~ __~~_~_~~'}~

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JIS Z 2305 Non-destructive testing-Qualification and certification of personnel

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

~_~~__ ~ __?_~~~ _____(l~!!f~!~_~_!:l!:r~ __?l_l!_~~!~_~c;!!!_~f!__ ~~~~~_~g __?r'!':_~~C!?~ __~)!_P1!_~t?_~ __f!_~l]_?__ ~~~~!!_~CJ1!_~_

~_~~__ ~ __?_~~~ _____~~_0_'}_(}0_r:_c!_~_f!_~~__ ~?_f!_~~~_ff!_r:__ l!:r~~C!t?_?_'}_~~ __~f!_~_~~'!:~_
JIS Z 2350 Method for measurement of performance characteristics of ultrasonic
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
probes

3 Terms and definitions

For the purpose of this Standard, the terms and definitions given in JIS Z 2300
and the following apply.

~_._~_____ ~_~g_~ ~_~~__f:l:~ ~__ ~_~~_~_~~_~~_

~_~~_~~_~~~_~~__ ~_E!_~_~ __~~~~_~_~~~~_~ __~~_~~_J!~~f~~~_~ __~t~~_~~~_J?!~~~~_~_~~~__<?r_~_~~_<?__ ~~X~~~~_~~~~__ ~~_~
~_i_~_~~~~_~ __~~_
The control position of a flaw detector and the selection of a function also are digi-
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
tally processed.

3.2 dummy signal

---------------------------------------

signal generated in an electronic circuit as an input signal in order to measure the

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

J?_~_~~<?_~!?_~~~~_~~_~_~~_~~~~_~~_~~_~~ __C?~_~ __~~~_A~~_~_~~_<?_~_

3.3 normal axis

axis of ordinates of the display of a flaw detector

3.4 position of reading of the time base

position of reading of the echo on a display such as rise position and peak position

3.5 %fs
relative value when the full scale of the time base or normal axis of a display is taken
as 100 %

4 Measurement items of performance characteristics

The measurement items of performance characteristics of an ultrasonic pulse-echo
testing system shall be as follows.
a) Measurement of performance characteristics concerning time base
b) Measurement of performance characteristics concerning normal axis
c) Resolution of straight beam testing technique
d) Resolution of angle beam testing technique
e) Margin of sensitivity of straight beam testing technique
f) A1 and A2 sensitivities of angle beam testing technique
g) Dead zone after transmitter pulse with straight beam testing technique

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5 Matters concerning measurement that are to be noted

5.1 Measurement items and measurement range

The selection of the measurement items of performance characteristics and the evalu-
ation method and the setting of the measurement range shall be determined by the
users of this Standard on their own responsibility under the condition of a flaw detec-
tion test that is premised on the application of this Standard. This Standard does not
force the users to implement all the measurement items of performance characteris-
tics, the evaluation methods and the display methods.

~_·_~ ____~~~_~~_~~_~r_~~_g~~~_~_~~_~ __~~~~~_~~_~_

When a digital flaw detector is used in the actual flaw detection test, and the nu-
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
merical display function of echo height and beam path length is used, the same nu-
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
!!?__~_r:~~~~_~_~_~~~~__ ~_l?:~~~_?~_:t:t_~_~~_.___~~~~~_~_r:?_~~~_~~~_~~!~~~~_~_~r~~~_<?_I_~~J_<?_1?:_~~~__~~~_j:t:t_~~~~~
~~_~~_~~_I?P~~~~~~~ __<?K_~~~~ __~?_~~~__~~_p_~_r:~<?_r:!!?__~_~_?y__ ~ __~_~~_r~~y_·_

5.3 Person in charge of measurement

The measurement in this Standard shall be performed by an engineer who has suf-
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
~~~_~~_1?:~__~~~~~_~_~_g:~__ ~~_~__ ~?~~r~~~~~~~~__ ~_<?_1?:~_~_~!?__~~~__~~~ __~~~_~~_~~~_~~__ r~~_~~~_~_~~_<?__~~~~_~1?:~ __~~~~_~_I!1:
and ultrasonic flaw detection method and has a qualification equivalent to level 2 or
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
better in JIS Z 2305, or under the supervision of such an engineer.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

5.4 Measurement frequency

The measurement frequency shall be determined by the user of this Standard in
consideration of the use, environment and the stability of the testing system.

5.5 Accuracy of reading of display

The reading of the time base and normal axis of a display shall be performed with
the accuracy in which error becomes 1 %fs or less of the full scale. When a particular
accuracy is specified, the reading shall be performed with the specified accuracy.

5.6 Test condition

The measurement items, measurement range, required probe and reference block
shall be determined according to the application purpose of this Standard. Unless other-
wise specified, the adjusted position of a knob shall be a typical position in the actual
service condition. Unless specifically desired to be evaluated, the rejection control shall
be set to OFF.

5.7 Distance amplitude correction

If required by the user, two sets of test data, i.e. that with the distance amplitude
correction and that without shall be taken. If two sets of data are not required by the
user, the test data without the distance amplitude correction shall be taken.

5.8 Position of reading of the time base of echo

The position of reading of the time base of echo shall be the same as the position
under the actual flaw detection condition.

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Usually, measurement shall be performed at the rise position of an echo, the posi-
tion in which an echo signal exceeds one half the echo height, the peak position of an
echo, the zero cross position or the position that exceeds the threshold set beforehand.

6 Methods for evaluating performance characteristics

6.1 Evaluation of performance characteristics concerning time base

6.1.1 Lineari ty of the time base

6.1.1.1 Test block and signal source

The test block and signal source shall be as follows.
a) The flat test block of a thickness of about one fifth or about one-tenth the mea-
surement range or the signal generator that can generate false echoes at inter-
vals of about one-fifth or about one-tenth the measurement range shall be used.
b) In the case of the test block method, for sound coupling, either the contact test-
ing or the immersion testing is available.

6.1.1.2 Measurement procedure

The measurement procedure shall be as follows.
a) Display 6 echoes (adjustment method 1 of table 1) or 11 echoes (adjustment
method 2 of table 1) using the test block or the signal source.
b) Adjust the sweep controls (range, delay) to position the echo according to table 1.
c) Read the position on the display of other echoes in %fs, or convert the position of
reading into %fs.
d) When the echo height affects reading of the echo position (for example, when read-
ing at the rise of the echo), set the echo height to 50 %fs to read the echo posi-
tion.

6.1.1.3 Recording of data

The recording of data shall be performed as follows.
a) Present the relation between the order of an echo and the read-out value by a table
(see table 2) or a graph (see figure 1) and take it as data that shows the linearity
of the time base. Record also the error obtained by subtracting the theoretical value
from the measured value in the table.
b) Give the linearity range by the continuous echo positions which are contained
within the error set beforehand.
c) Obtain the positive maximum error +~XMAX and the negative maximum error -~XMAX,
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
~_I?:~_~~~_~ __~?_~_~ __~_~ __ ~?_~__ ~~~_<?_r:~ __<?r~!_~~~~t~~_~~_~_l?:~__ ~_~~~ __~~~~~

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Table 1 Echo and adjustment method used for measurement of

lineari ty of the time base

Adjustment method 1 Adjustment method 2

Plate of a thickness of about one-fifth Plate of a thickness of about one-tenth
Generation method of the measurement range or dummy the measurement range or dummy
echo signal generated at intervals of about signal generated at intervals of about
one-fifth the measurement range one-tenth the measurement range
Number of echoes to
6 echoes 11 echoes
be used
Adjusted position of Bl is positioned at 0 %fs. B3 is positioned at 20 %fs.
echo a) B6 is positioned at 100 %fs. Bg is positioned at 80 %fs.
Note a) The subscript of B indicates the order of a back wall echo.

Table 2 Presentation method of

lineari ty of the time base
by table
Signal position on display
Order Theoretical value Measured Error a)
of value 11 ~~~--~~~--~~~--~<~i

echo
Adjustment Adjustment
method 1 method 2 10~~-+--~~-+--~~~~1~~ M
%fs %fs %fs %fs /W"
9 ~-+---+------1f----+---+----+--+V"""7"'-{4,
/·~v·
Set point (80, 9)
1 0 0 8 -Error line for /V/ I I
o d .. h l//);,/
~ 7 etermmmg t _et---;"'</"[l'ih<'--7"-"I-<:::---+---+----I
2 20 10
~ -lin~arity range/, ~V . . . . Theoretical line
3 40 20 ~ 6 '\~ / L'I' Error
4 60 30 ~ 5 '""'" /j/;/ I

<5 ~~/
5 80 40
4 /~/
6 100 50 3 / /. / Set point (20, 3)
2 /'././ 1 1 1 'I
7 60
~7
1()-<---'------'---"-----'------'----'----+---+---'-----L...~
8 70 o 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 (%fs)
9 80
Figure 1 Example of graphical
10 90
presentation of linearity
11 100
of the time base (in the
Note a) The maximum continuous area stayed in
case of adjustment
the error range determined beforehand
shall be taken as the linearity range. method 2)

6.2 Measurement of performance characteristics concerning normal axis

6.2.1 Types of measurement method

The measurement methods of vertical linearity are: a measurement method using
a gain control including evaluation of disappearance of an echo (measurement method
A), a measurement method using an echo from two reflectors (measurement method B)
and a measurement method using an external attenuator (measurement method C).
Unless otherwise specified, the measurement method A shall be used.

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6.2.2 Vertical linearity (measurement method A)

6.2.2.1 Test block and instrument

Calibration block STB-G V15-5.6 (specified in JIS Z 2345), and a reflector calibrated
by the said calibration block, or a signal generator (that can be synchronized by the
transmitter pulse from ultrasonic test instrument) that generates dummy echo signals.

6.2.2.2 Measurement
The measurement shall be performed as follows.
a) Connect the probe contacted to the test block via couplant or a signal generator
to the flaw detector (see figure 2), and display the echo or dummy echo from the
signal generator on the display.
b) Set the other controls of the flaw detector to the conditions simulating the actual
use.
c) Adjust the gain controls of the ultrasonic test instrument to make the height of
the echo or dummy echo 100 %fs.
d) Reduce the gain in 2 dB steps by gain controls and read the echo height in %fs.
Continue this procedure until 26 dB is read.
e) The difference between the theoretical value and the measured value shall be des-
ignated as the error. The "positive" maximum error (+hMAX) and the "negative"
maximum error (-hMAX) shall be obtained.
f) Continue to reduce the gain to 30 dB and observe to judge whether echo can be
clearly seen.
g) When setting of the echo height of 100 %fs in the measurement above-mentioned
is difficult, set to the value which is nearest to 100 %fs but not more than 100 %fs,
and read the echo height.

6.2.2.3 Recording of data

The recording of data shall be as follows.
a) Obtain the "positive" maximum error (+hMAX) and the "negative" maximum error
(-hMAX), and take them as the errors of vertical linearity.

b) If the echo is clearly observed at the reduced gain of 30 dB, record as "echo does
not disappear". If the echo disappears at 30 dB or lower, record the amount of
gain reduced at the disappearance.

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Ultrasonic Ultrasonic
test test
instrument instrument ~---~

Normal probe Synchronous signal

Dummy signal
Couplant

Dummy
Calibration
signal
block
generator

Figure 2 Connection of instruments for vertical linearity

measurement (measurement method A)

6.2.3 Vertical linearity (measurement method B)

6.2.3.1 Test block and instrument

The test block and instrument shall be as follows.
a) Any test block generating two stable signals in the different beam path lengths
with a ratio of echo height of 2: 1 shall be used. An example of a test block is shown
in figure 3. Two echo heights shall be HA and HB (HA>H B).
b) For acoustic coupling, the contact testing or immersion testing shall be used.
c) The surface roughness of a test block shall be in accordance with JIS B 0601 (for
the surface roughness, hereafter the same).

6.2.3.2 Measurement
Measurement shall be performed as follows.
a) Put the probe where two echoes have the echo height of about 2 to 1, and allow
the larger echo height (HA ) to be able to change from not more than 10 %fs to
100 %fs with a gain control.
b) Adjust the gain control and set HA and HB to 60 %fs and 30 %fs, respectively. When
it is difficult to perform accurate adjustment, set to any of the initial echo height
values (HAS, H BS ) given in table 3.
c) Maintain a state in which an echo is stable, change HA by 10 % by operating the
gain control from 10 %fs to 100 %fs and read the value of HA and H B. When HA
cannot be set to 10 %fs, measurement may be performed from 10 %fs or lower.

6.2.3.3 Recording of data

The recording of data shall be as follows.
a) Summarize the read-out data in tabular form, and take it as vertical linearity.
b) Give the vertical linearity range in the continuous echo height range which is within
the error range determined beforehand. Figure 4 shows an example of presenta-
tion by a graph. In this case, the upper limit of the linearity range shall be shown
by the value of H A , and the lower limit by the value of H B •

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~
D
r
Test
surface
1----+-+----'--...,
Location Dimension
Unit: mm
Tolerance
A 32 ±1
~ B 25 ±1
C 19 ±1
-r- ~ d1
D 25 ±1
~ E 19 ±1
-'-- r---< d2 H 75 ±1
T 25 ±0.2
W 50 ±1
w d" d2 ¢1.2 ±0.1
Smoothness ±0.02
Parallelism ±0.02
Surface roughness (fAm) Rz 6.3

Figure 3 Example of test block for measurement of vertical linearity

(measurement method B)

Table 3 Initial values of echo height HAS, H Bs (measurement method B)

Standard Allowable numerical values

value

HAs %fs 60 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55
H Bs %fs 30 30 to 29 to 29 to 28 to 27 to 27 to 27 to 26 to 26 to 25 to 25 to
36 36 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31

E3(44,100) F3(S6,100)
Example of setting of limit line
when the initial values of echo height
(HAS, H Bs ) are not 60 %fs and 30 %fs

Unit: %fs
Coordinate HB axis HA axis
symbol
Echo
height E1 -6 0
HA (%fs) F1 6 0
E2 H Bs-1 HAS
F2 HBs+1 HAS
E3 100HBS IHAS -6 100
F3 100HBS IHAS +6 100

60
Echo height HB (%fs)

Figure 4 Example of graphical presentation of vertical linearity of

normal axis (measurement method B)

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6.2.4 Vertical linearity (measurement method C)

6.2.4.1 Test block and instrument

The arbitrary test blocks and the calibrated attenuator (frequency range: DC to
100 MHz, impedance: 50 Q or 75 Q, attenuation: 0 dB to 80 dB in 1 dB steps, accuracy:
± 0.2 dB for any indicated dB step size) that constitute the circuit in figure 5 and the
termination resistor connected to the flaw detector shall be used as necessary.

6.2.4.2 Measurement
Measurement shall be performed as follows.
a) Connect the flaw detector, probe, connecting cable and test block as shown in fig-
ure 5, and display the echo. In the case of the double probe technique, use the
initial transmitted pulse, and in the case of the single probe technique, use the
first back wall echo.
b) With the attenuator set to about 30 dB, perform adjustment of sweep and gain,
display the echo on the screen centre and set the echo height to 50 %fs.
c) Change the echo height to the full scale by decreasing the attenuation of the ex-
ternal attenuator by 1 dB. At this time, record the echo height at each step in
%fs.
d) Return the attenuator to 30 dB, and from the state where the echo height has
become 50 %fs, make attenuation increase in five steps of 2 dB and then in steps
of 4 dB, and continue until the echo practically disappears. Record the echo height
at each step.
e) When setting of the echo height of 50 %fs in the measurement above-mentioned
is difficult, set to the value which is nearest to 50 %fs but not more than 50 %fs,
and read the echo height (Hs).

Flaw detector

Transmitting terminal
o Receiving terminal

Termina-
'D~tion
Coaxial cable iI resistor
~

Attenuator

Electrostatic capacity < 120 pF/m

Length < 1.8 m
Connecting cable in the case of
single probe technique

Figure 5 Connection of instruments for vertical linearity

measurement (measurement method C)

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6.2.4.3 Recording of data

The recording of data shall be as follows.
a) As shown in table 4, subtract the theoretical value HT from the measured value
HR at each step to obtain an error.
b) Take the linearity range as the maximum continuous range in which an error is
within the limit value set beforehand.
c) An example of presentation of data by graph is shown in figure 6.
d) Take the range in which an error is within the upper and lower limit lines as the
vertical linearity range of normal axis. When using other limit lines, create the
diagram according to figure 6.

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Table 4 Presentation of measurement of results of vertical linearity

(measurement method C)

Echo height Echo height

Decreasing Increasing
external Mea- external Mea-
attenuation sured Theoretical value Error attenuation sured Theoretical value Error
value value
-dB HR%fs HT %fs a ) HT %fs b ) HR-HT %fs +dB HR%fs HT %fs a ) HT %fs b ) HR-HT %fs
0 50 (1.00 Hs) Oe)
0 50 (1.00 Hs) oe)
0.5 c ) 53 (1.06 Hs) 1 c) 45 (0.89 Hs)
1.0 56 (1.12 Hs) 2 40 (0.79 Hs)
1.5 c) 59 (1.19 Hs) 3 c) 35 (0.71 Hs)
2.0 63 (1.26 Hs) 4 32 (0.63 Hs)
2.5 c) 67 (1.33 Hs) 5 c) 28 (0.56 Hs)
3.0 71 (1.41 Hs) 6 25 (0.50 Hs)
3.5 c) 75 (1.50 Hs) 7 c) 22 (0.45 Hs)
4.0 79 (1.58 Hs) 8 20 (0.40 Hs)
4.5 c
) 84 (1.68 Hs) 9 c) 18 (0.35 Hs)
5.0 89 (1.78 Hs) 10 16 (0.32 Hs)
5.5 c) 94 (1.88 Hs) 12 c) 13 (0.25 Hs)
6.0 100 (2.00 Hs) 14 10 (0.20 Hs)
6.5 d ) 106 (2.11 Hs) 16 c ) 8 (0.16 Hs)
7.0 d ) 112 (2. 24Hs) 18 6 (0.13 Hs)
7.5 d ) 119 (2.37 Hs) 20 c ) 5 (0.10 Hs)
8.0 d)
126 (2.51 Hs) 22 4 (0.079 Hs)
24 c) 3 (0.063 Hs)
26 2.5 (0.050H s )
28 c) 2.0 (0.040 Hs)
30 1.5 (0.032 Hs)
32 c) 1.2 (0.025 Hs)
34 1.0 (0.020 Hs)
Notes a) When measurement is started from 50 %fs
b)
When measurement is started from Hs %fs
c)
Recommended as option
d)
When required in order to obtain %fs echo height
e)
Since it is an initial value, it is always set to o.

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110
VU3 l 6, 106)
100 J. Vs3(6, 100)
90 /l0VI>3( 6,94)
Example of setting of limit lines
~V when the initial value of

~f(N
80 Theoretical line
echo height (Hs) is arbitrary %fs.
70 LI. v
60
A~ Example of limit Ii nes Coordinate dB axis Echo height
symbol (%fs)
Echo 50 ~0,5I) U1 LO (1I10)Hs+ 1

~f
height S2(0, 50)
D2(0, 49) 81 LO 0
(%fs) 40
~ ~j>' D1 LO -(1I10)Hs-1
30
I'.C~
U2 0
,IIV/'
11"11" ./ V
Hs+1
20 82 0 Hs
v~ 1
II"~ 1/
ItVii D2 0 Hs-1
Ul (LO, 6)
SI (LO, 0)
Dl (LO, -6)
"I
~
iI~
I"1'987654 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
U3
83
6
6
(21/10)Hs+ 1
(20/10)H s
14 10 Increase in Decrease in
30 12 D3 6 (19/10)Hs -1
20 16 attenuation attenuation
L0 (dB) (dB)
18

Figure 6 Example of graphical presentation of measurement results of

vertical linearity (measurement method C)

6.3 Resolution of straight beam testing technique

6.3.1 Types of measurement method

For the resolution capable of performing separate detection of discontinuities of dif-
ferent depths, types of measurement methods of near surface resolution and far sur-
face resolution in a normal probe are given in table 5. Unless otherwise specified,
measurement shall be performed by the resolution measurement method A or resolu-
tion measurement method B.

6.3.2 Test block and instrument

The reference block (see table 5) which is made of the material with ultrasonic char-
acteristics equivalent to those of the target block material and which has the resolu-
tion range and propagated distance suitable for the test shall be used. For the probe,
the probe for actual flaw detection work shall be used.

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Table 5 Reference blocks used for resolution measurement

Resolution Interval of path

Symbol of
measure- length that is Reflector to be
reference Purpose Shape NOTE
ment available used
block
method mm
For far surface Flat surface of
A RB-RA 4,5,6,7,9 Figure 7
resolution step section
Flat-bottomed
For far surface 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7,
RB-RB hole and bottom
resolution 9, 11, 13, 15 Application to
face
B Figure 8 broad band is
Flat-bottomed also assumed.
For near surface 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7,
RB-RC hole and test
resolution 9, 11, 13, 15
surface
Flat-bottomed The block of
For far surface
2.5,5,7.5 hole and bottom which the path
resolution
face length and path
C ISO-RA Figure 9 difference are
Flat-bottomed
For near surface changed is made
7.5,12.5,17.5 hole and test
resolution as necessary.
surface

6.3.3 Resolution measurement method A (RB-RA type reference block)

The resolution measurement method A shall be as follows.
a) Adjust the probe position on the reference block and the gain controls of the ultra-
sonic test instrument so that the heights of the echoes from adjacent two steps of
the test block (see figure 7) are equal and 100 %fs.
b) Examine whether the two surface reflection echoes can be separated at 3 %fs.
c) Obtain the minimum distance between two steps that can be separated as the far
surface resolution.
d) Dimensional tolerance on the test block shall be in accordance with the middle grade
as given in JIS B 0405.

Unit: mm
RB-RA No.OOO

o Surface Test surface Rz 6.3

00
rough-
ness Bottom face Rz 6.3
-------
(f-lm) Others Rz 25
======::::
40 30 210

Figure 7 RB-RA type reference block for resolution measurement

6.3.4 Resolution measurement method B (RB-RB and RB-RC type reference

block)
The resolution measurement method B shall be as follows.

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a) Adjust the probe position and the gain controls of the ultrasonic test instrument
so that the height of the echo from the flat-bottomed hole of the test block (see
figure 8) is maximum and the echo height is 100 %fs.
b) In the case of RB-RB type reference block, examine if the flat-bottomed echo can
be separated from the back wall echo at 3 %fs.
c) In the case of RB-RC type reference block, examine if the flat bottomed-echo can
be separated from the echo from the test surface at 3 %fs.
d) The minimum value of the distance between the flat-bottomed hole and the back
wall, obtained using the RB-RB type reference block, shall be the far surface reso-
lution.
e) The minimum value of the distance between the flat-bottomed hole and the test
surface, obtained using the RB-RC type reference block, shall be the near surface
resolution.
f) Dimensional tolerance on the test block shall be in accordance with the middle grade
as given in JIS B 0405.

Unit: mm
RB-RB No.OOO RB-RB No.OOO
-1 -2
o Test

- r-- r-
00 0
00
M l(")
surface
Sur- Rz 6.3
face
~!
rough- Bottom
II
I I I

ness face
(fAm)
Rz 6.3
Others
Rz 25

a) RB-RB type reference block for resolution measurement

Unit: mm
RB-RC No.OOO
-1
Test surface
Sur- Rz 6.3
face
rough- Bottom face
ness Rz 6.3
(~tm) Others
Rz 25

b) RB-RC type reference block for resolution measurement

Figure 8 RB-RB type and RB-RC type reference blocks for resolution
measurement

6.3.5 Resolution measurement method C (ISO-RA type reference block)

The resolution measurement method C shall be as follows.

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a) Locate the probe at the position in which the echo height from the flat-bottomed
hole of ISO-RA type reference block (see figure 9) becomes maximum, and adjust
the flaw detector to set the echo height to 80 %fs.
b) In the case of the measurement section of far surface resolution, examine whether
the echo from the flat-bottomed hole can be separated from the back wall echo at
not more than 20 %fs.
c) In the case of the measurement section of near surface resolution, examine whether
the echo from the flat-bottomed hole can be separated from the echo from the test
surface at not more than 20 %fs.
d) Take the minimum interval between the separable flat-bottomed hole and the
bottom face as far surface resolution.
e) Take the minimum interval between the separable flat-bottomed hole and the test
surface as near surface resolution.
f) When the measurement exceeding the measurement range of the test block men-
tioned-above is required, prepare the ISO-RA type reference block of which the beam
path difference is changed.

Unit: mm
Target Dimen- Toler-
location sion ance
L 200 0.5
L T 82.5 0.5
<6
A A A A A A W 50 0.5
C 25 0.5
~r j/ ~ j/ j/ ~ ~ S 100 0.5
o.y o.y 0.)1-' o.y 0.;/ o.y A 25 0.5
E 25 0.5
w
d 1 to d6 1.2 0.01

k:~
II II II ul r,
"

"

----'-'----
"
Bl
B2
2.5
5
0.1
0.1
For near surface
resolution B3 7.5 0.1
For far surface F, 7.5 0.1
~ r:e: ~
resolution F2 12.5 0.1
II II
F3 17.5 0.1
S
Surface roughness (~tm)

Test surface Rz 6.3

Bottom face Rz 6.3
Others Rz 25

Figure 9 ISO-RA type reference block for resolution measurement

6.3.6 Recording of data

The recording of data shall be as follows.
a) Give resolution with the separable minimum distance interval and the test block
used.

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b) For the report, record all of the reference blocks, test holes, probes and test pa-
rameters used.

6.4 Resolution of angle beam testing technique

6.4.1 Test block and instrument

RB-RD type reference block, and if required, RB-HS type reference block (specified
in JIS Z 2350, see figure 10), and a probe and couplant used in actual performance of
detection.

6.4.2 Measuremen t
Measurement shall be performed as follows.
a) Connect the instrument as shown in figure II.
b) Couple the probe via the couplant to the RB-RD type reference block, and adjust
the position of the probe so that the heights of echoes from adjacent two steps of
the reference block are maximum and equal.
c) Adjust the gain controls to set these echo heights to 100 %fs.
d) Obtain the minimum step where the level of the valley of the two echoes will not
exceed 3 %fs (-30 dB) of the scale. This shall be the resolution of angle beam test-
ing.
e) When the measurement of the resolution that exceeds the maximum step of the
RB-RD type reference block is needed, the step section of 9 mm of the RB-HS type
reference block shall be used.
f) Dimensional tolerance for the test block shall be in accordance with the middle
grade as given in JIS B 0405.

6.4.3 Recording of data

Record the type name of the test block and probe, serial number, control position
and the minimum step obtained.

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Unit: mm
135
40

Surface Test surface Rz 6.3

rough-
Bottom face Rz 6.3
ness
(f-lm) Others Rz 25

a) RB-RD type reference block

Unit: mm
Used part
,-'--.,

30 30

b) RB-HS type reference block

Figure 10 Reference blocks for resolution measurement of angle

beam testing technique

Ultrasonic
test
instrument

Angle probe

Figure 11 Connection of instruments for resolution measurement with

angle beam testing technique

6.5 Margin of sensitivity of straight beam testing technique

6.5.1 Test block and instrument

The test block and instrument shall be as follows.
a) Reference hole of calibration block STB-G VI5-5.6 (as specified in JIS Z 2345), or
a test block calibrated by this reference hole shall be used.
b) Non-focusing normal probe or couplant shall be used.

6.5.2 Measurement
The measurement shall be performed as follows.

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a) With the probe not coupled with the test block, adjust the gain controls to get the
highest sensitivity which can maintain the noise level (peak value) on the display
within 10 %fs. Take the control position of the gain controls at this time as So [see
figure 12 a)].
b) Contact the probe via the couplant to the test block, and adjust the probe posi-
tion to get the maximum height of the echo from the reference hole or an artifi-
cial flaw. Adjust the gain control so that the echo height is 50 %fs and obtain the
control position Sl of the gain controls [see figure 12 b)].

6.5.3 Recording of data

The recording of data shall be as follows.
a) Record the margin of sensitivity of straight beam testing technique calculated by
formula (1).
S = So - S 1 (dB) ................................................................... (1)

b) If other test block than calibration block is used, record the result calculated by
formula (2).
S = So - Sl±A (dB) .............................................................. (2)

where, A: the ratio (dB value) of the height of echo from the
reference hole of STB-G VI5-5.6 to the height of echo
from an artificial flaw in the test block used. However,
(+) sign indicates that the height of echo from an arti-
ficial flaw is lower than that of echo from STB-G V15-
5.6 and (-) sign indicates that the echo height of an
artificial flaw is higher than that of STB-G VI5-5.6.

Ultrasonic Ultrasonic
test test
instrument instrument

Normal probe Normal probe

Couplant

STB-G VIS-S.6 or test block

calibrated by this

a) Measurement of noise b) Echo measurement of

level on the display reference hole on display
Figure 12 Set up for measurement of margin of sensitivity of
straight beam testing technique

6.6 Al sensitivity and A2 sensitivity of angle beam testing technique

6.6.1 Test block and instrument to be used

The calibration block STB-Al, STB-A2 (specified in JIS Z 2345), direct contact angle
probe and couplant that are used for the actual flaw detection test shall be used.

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6.6.2 Measurement
Measurement shall be performed as follows.
a) At sensitivity
1) Connect the probe to the flaw detector, and adjust the gain control to get the
sensitivity as high as possible within 10 %fs noise level on the display with the
probe not coupled with the test block. Take the control position of the gain control
at this time as Ao.
2) In connection of the instrument to be used which is shown in figure 13 a), con-
tact the angle probe via. couplant to the STB-Al test block. Turn the probe to
the RI00 surface, and make the probe index coincide with the RI00 mark of the
test block keeping the ultrasonic beam direction in parallel with the side face
of this block. Adjust the gain control to set the echo height from the RI00 sur-
face to 50 %fs at this time and take the control position of the gain control at
this time as A 1.
b) A2 sensitivity
1) Obtain gain Ao in the same way as Al sensitivity.
2) In connection of the instrument to be used which is shown in figure 13 b), con-
tact the angle probe via. couplant to the STB-A2 test block and aim the through-
hole of 1.5 mm diameter with one skip. At this time, adjust the gain control to
set the echo height from the through-hole to 50 %fs after the echo height is
maximized by adjusting the position of the probe. Take the control position of
the gain control at this time as A 2 •

6.6.3 Recording of data

The recording of data shall be as follows.
a) Record the Al sensitivity value obtained according to formula (3).
Sl =Ao - Al (dB) ................................................................. (3)

b) Record the A2 sensitivity value obtained according to formula (4).

S2 =Ao - A2 (dB) ................................................................. (4)

c) Record the type name of test block and probe, serial number and the control po-
sition of the flaw detector.

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Ultrasonic Ultrasonic
test test
instrument instrument

Calibration block
STB-Al type

a) Connection of instrument to b) Connection of instrument to

be used for At sensitivity be used for A2 sensitivity
measurement measurement
Figure 13 Connection of instruments for Al sensitivity and A2 sensitivity
measurements of angle beam testing technique

6.7 Dead zone after transmitter pulse with straight beam testing technique

6.7.1 Test block and instrument

The RB-E type reference block (specified in JIS G 0801), normal probe and couplant
that are used for the actual flaw detection work shall be used.

6.7.2 Measuremen t
Measurement shall be performed as follows.
a) In setting in figure 14, contact the probe via couplant to the location of the thick-
ness of 48 mm of the test block and adjust the gain control to set the back wall
echo height (B l ) of this part to 100 %fs.
b) Move the probe from the thick portion of the block to the thin portion via couplant,
and obtain the thickness of the plate (t) just before the echo height of Bl becomes
80 %fs or less.

6.7.3 Recording of data

The recording of data shall be as follows.
a) Take the thickness (t) obtained as the dead zone after transmitter pulse with the
straight beam testing technique.
b) Record the type name of the probe, serial number and the control position of the
flaw detector.

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Z 2352: 2010

Unit: mm
Ultrasonic
test
instrument
Normal probe

Figure 14 Connection of instruments for measurement of dead zone

after transmitter pulse

7 Periodic checks
The periodic checks shall be performed periodically at least once a year in order to
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

~~~fi:~!!l:_~_1?:~~__~~_~_J~~_~_~~_~~~~~_I?:~_~_J?~~f<?~~~_I?:~_~__?K_~_1?:~_~~_~~~~_?_l!t~_~_~_~~_t~_~~~_~~~!!_~_~_~ __l!!:~t~_~
tained. The frequency of checks and items to be checked shall be decided by the user
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
of this Standard. The periodic check items shall include the followings.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

a) Vertical linearity.
-----------------------------------------

b) Linearity of the time base

c) Margin of sensitivity
-----------------------------------------------

~) ___ /\~~~_~t~!!_~~ __l!!:~~_~~~~__ ~_<?__ ~~ __I?:~~~~_,__ t~_~~x._

In addition, measurement of vertical linearity shall be performed at a gain con-
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
trol step of 6 dB or less.

8 Record
The record of performance measurements shall include all the relevant information
in sufficient detail, such as the procedure, instrument, control position of the flaw de-
tector, etc. so that the measurements could be duplicated later if desired. For peri-
odic checking, a format of recording should be fully defined in order to facilitate
comparison between multiple checking results.
Required items shall be recorded according to the following recommended format.
a) Date of measurement
b) Person in charge of measurement
c) Instruments
1) Test block or dummy signal generator which has been used for the measurement
2) Measured objects
2.1) Type and serial number of ultrasonic test instrument
2.2) Type name and serial number of probe
2.3) Type and length of probe cable

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d) Measurement conditions
1) Test frequency in measurement of JIS Z 2344 (except for the case of presenta-
tion of linearity of time base)
2) Controls of the ultrasonic test instrument
3) Method of reading of echo position and echo height
4) Other informative matters
e) Measurement results
1) Linearity of the time base For the linearity of the time base, the positive
and negative maximums of error shall be recorded in %fs.
When the table or graph of measurement results is created, the table or graph
and the linearity range shall be recorded.
2) Vertical linearity of normal axis For the vertical linearity, the positive and
negative maximums of error shall be recorded in %fs.
When the table or graph of measurement results is created, the table or graph
and the linearity range shall be recorded.
3) Resolution of straight beam testing technique For the resolution of the
straight beam testing technique, the kind of measurement method applied shall
be clearly described, and it shall be as follows.
3.1) In the case of resolution measurement method A The far surface reso-
lution obtained by the RB-RA type reference blocks shall be recorded in
millimetres.
When the minimum step section is separated, the record shall state "less
than 4 mm", and when the maximum step section cannot be separated, it shall
state "more than 9 mm".
3.2) In the case of resolution measurement method B The far surface reso-
lution and near surface resolution obtained by the RB-RB type reference blocks
and RB-RC type reference blocks shall be recorded in millimetres.
When the minimum path difference is separated, the record shall state "less
than 1 mm", and when the maximum path difference cannot be separated, it
shall state "more than 15 mm".
3.3) In the case of resolution measurement method C The far surface reso-
lution and near surface resolution obtained by the ISO-RA type reference blocks
shall be recorded in millimetres.
4) Resolution of angle beam testing technique The resolution of the angle
beam testing technique obtained shall be recorded in millimetres.
In the RB-RD type reference blocks, when the minimum path difference is
separated, the record shall state "less than 2 mm", and when the maximum path
difference cannot be separated, it shall state "more than 7 mm". When the step
of 9 mm in level difference in the RB-HS type reference blocks cannot be sepa-
rated, the record shall state "more than 9 mm".

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5) Margin of sensitivity of straight beam testing technique The margin of

sensitivity of the straight beam testing technique shall be expressed in dB.
6) Al and A2 sensitivities of angle beam testing technique The Al and A2
sensitivities of angle beam testing technique shall be expressed in dB.
7) Dead zone after transmitter pulse range with straight beam testing tech-
nique The dead zone after transmitter pulse range with straight beam test-
ing technique shall be indicated by the thickness (t) of RB-E type reference block
that is observed immediately before the height of BJ becomes 80 %fs or under,
in millimetres.

Bibliography
JIS Z 2351 Method for assessing the electrical characteristics of ultrasonic testing
instrument using pulse echo technique

PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT
 Annex JA (informative) Nt-:l
t-:l~
Comparison table between JIS and corresponding International Standard W
01
t-:l

t-:l
JIS Z 2352 :2010 Method for evaluating performance characteristics of ultrasonic ISO 18175: 2004 Non-destructive testing-Evaluating performance o
t--L
pulse-echo testing systems characteristics of ultrasonic pulse-echo testing systems without the o
use of electronic measurement instruments

(I) Requirements in JIS (II) Inter- (III) Requirements in Inter- (IV) Classification and details of (V) Justification for
national national Standard technical deviation between JIS the technical deviation
Standard and the International Standard by and future measures
number clause
No. and title of Content No. of I Content Classifi- Detail of technical
"'d clause clause cation by I deviation
~
o clause
~
M 1 Scope Method for evaluating 1 Approxima tely Alteration, Alteration of composi- There is no technical
o
~ performance characteris- identical with JIS. Deletion tion of standard deviation caused by
M
U tics of testing systems However, JIS has this alteration of com-
ttl
and method for periodic an independent position. The matter
~ checks are specified. clause for listing concerning the method
o the measurement of periodical checks
o items of perfor- will be suggested to
~ mance characteris- ISO.
~
tics. ISO specifies
Q the measurement
::r:
~ method of accuracy
of gain controls in
6.6, whereas JIS
deletes this matter
and incorporates it
into JIS Z 2351.

3 Terms and defini - I Necessary terms and 3 Reference to ISO Addition JIS added the defini- JIS permits the use of
tions definitions are specified, 5577, ASTM E tions of "digital flaw digital flaw detector,
in addition to referring to 1316, IEEE Std detector", "dummy dummy signal and
JIS Z 2300. 100. signal" and "position position of reading of
of reading of the time the time base. Sug-
base". gestion will be made to
ISO.
 (I) Requirements in JIS (II) Inter- (III) Requirements in Inter- (IV) Classification and details of (V) Justification for
national national Standard technical deviation between JIS the technical deviation
Standard and the International Standard by and future measures
number clause
No. and title of Content No. of Content Classifi- Detail of technical
clause clause cation by deviation
clause
4 Measurement Measurement items of 1 ISO lists the mea- Alteration
i terns of performance performance characteris- surement items in
characteristics tics are specified. the scope.
5 Matters concern- Qualification require- 6.1 Approxima tely Alteration JIS added the require- Suggestion will be
ing measurement ments of person in identical with JIS. ment based on the made to ISO.
"'d that are to be noted charge of measurement, permission to use the
:;:d
o selection of measurement digital flaw detector.
~
t:rj items, method for read- JIS describes the
Q
~
ing data, accuracy, etc. qualification of a per-
t:rj are specified. son in charge of mea-
t:j
surement.
Cd
~ 6 Methods for As a measurement item, 6.2 Approxima tely Alteration JIS omitted the time Although equipment
Q evaluating perfor- measurement method of identical with JIS. base display limit. malfunction can be
o mance characteris- linearity of the time base checked by linearity,
~
:;:d
tics and vertical linearity suggestion will be
(5 6.1 Evaluation of range is specified. made to ISO.
~ performance charac-
~
teristics concerning
time base
6.2 Measurement of As measurement items, 6.3.1, As measurement Alteration JIS deleted the nor- Although equipment
performance charac- vertical linearity, vertical 6.3.2, items, normal axis mal axis display range malfunction can be
teristics concerning linearity range and dis- display limit, verti- in figure 1. checked by linearity,
6.3.3.4
normal axis appearance of echo are cal linearity and suggestion will be
specified. vertical linearity made to ISO.
range are specified. N
~
6.3 Resolution of As measurement meth- 6.1.5, Approximately Alteration Alteration in composi- Alteration made for W
straight beam test- ods, three kinds of meth- identical with JIS. tion of standard. No the purpose of users' 01
6.4, ~
ing technique ods are specified. technical deviation. convenience.
6.4.2 to ~
6.4.6 o
I---l~
001
 Nt-:l
(I) Requirements in JIS (II) Inter- (III) Requirements in Inter- (IV) Classification and details of (V) Justification for t-:l0':l
national national Standard technical deviation between JIS the technical deviation W
01
Standard and the International Standard by and future measures t-:l
number clause t-:l
o
No. and title of Content No. of Content Classifi- Detail of technical t--L
o
clause clause cation by deviation
clause
6.4 Resolution of The measurement 6.8 Identical with JIS. Identical -
angle beam testing method using RB-RD and
technique RB-HS type reference
blocks (semicircular col-
umn step is used) is
"'d
specified.
~
o 6.5 Margin of sensi- The measurement 6.5.2, Approxima tely Alteration JIS deleted the speci- Adoption of the ASTM
~
M tivity of straight method of margin of sen- 6.5.3, identical with JIS. fication of ASTM E E 127 test blocks into
o beam testing tech- sitivity using calibration 127 type test block, JIS specification will
~ 6.5.4,
M nique block STB-G is specified. and adopted the alter- be considered after the
U 6.5.6 ative method of ISO. variation of results, or
ttl other matters associ-
~
ated with the said test
o blocks are studied.
o
~ 6.6 Al sensitivity The measurement 6.8 Identical with JIS. Identical -
~
and A2 sensitivity of method of margin of sen-
Q
::r: angle beam testing sitivity using Al and A2
~
technique blocks is specified.
6.7 Dead zone after The measurement 6.7 Identical with JIS. Identical -
transmitter pulse method of dead zone af-
with straight beam ter transmitter pulse
testing technique with straight beam test-
ing technique is speci-
fied.
 (I) Requirements in JIS (II) Inter- (III) Requirements in Inter- (IV) Classification and details of (V) Justification for
national national Standard technical deviation between JIS the technical deviation
Standard and the International Standard by and future measures
number clause
No. and title of Content No. of Content Classifi- Detail of technical
clause clause cation by deviation
clause
7 Periodic checks It is specified that the 5 Approximately Alteration JIS gives clear specifi- It is necessary to de-
check frequency and the identical with JIS. cation of default. termine the period of
check items shall be de- time of the default.
termined by the user of Suggestion will be
this Standard. When made to ISO.
"'d there is no flaw detection
:;:d test to be assumed, the
o default (within one year)
~
t:rj
Q is specified.
~
t:rj 8 Record Information to be re- 7 Identical with JIS. Identical -
t:j
corded is specified.
Cd
~
Q
o Overall degree of correspondence between JIS and International Standard (ISO 18175: 2004): MOD
~
:;:d NOTE 1 Symbols in sub-columns of classification by clause in the above table indicate as follows:
(5 Identical: Identical in technical contents.
~
~ Deletion: Deletes the specification item(s) or content(s) of International Standard.
Addition: Adds the specification item(s) or content(s) which are not included in International Standard.
Alteration: Alters the specification content(s) which are included in International Standard.
NOTE 2 Symbol in column of overall degree of correspondence between JIS and International Standard in the above table indicates as follows:
- MOD: Modifies International Standard.

N
~
W
01
~

~
o
I---l~
0-,,:]
Errata for JIS (English edition) are printed in Standardization and Quality Control, published
monthly by the Japanese Standards Association, and also provided to subscribers of JIS
(English edition) in Monthly Information.
Errata will be provided upon request, please contact:
Standards Publishing Department, Japanese Standards Association
4-1-24, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-8440 JAPAN
TEL. 03-3583-8002 FAX. 03-3583-0462

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