Application Example 2

SYSTEM INFORMATION
In this example, we calculate the deformations and internal forces at a node I, where two
circular cylindrical shells, a cone shell and a circular ring carrier are encountered. The burden
of all Components take place via an increasing with the depth of hydrostatic pressure, for
example due to a water filling could arise.
Material characteristics: E = 21000 kN / cm2 ν = 0.3 fy = 24.0 kN / cm2
Geometric dimensions: X=1000 cm

Component 1 = shell part 1 Component 4 = circular ring 1

Investigations of circular ring reinforcements have shown that their position in the shell structure
represents a not insignificant role for the bearing behaviour. Is such a circular ring reinforcement inside
the shell structure, and is due to an internal pressure load on the shell inner wall pressed, so the rigidity
of this annulus is increased. In contrast, the reduced Stiffness of a circular ring reinforcement on the
outside of the shell. This change is taken into account the stiffness behaviour by modification of the
actual area. In our example lies the annulus reinforcement (component 4) on the outside of the shell,
bringing a reduction of the actual Surface is made. On the calculation of this reduced value is not closer
received. It turns out

Step 1 Calculation of the membrane solution

• shell part 1 (load type 5 - circular cylinder shell)
• shell part 2 (load type 2 - circular cylinder shell)

• shell part 3 (load type 5 - cone shell)

Component 4 (circular ring)

Step 2 Rigidity relationship of the short circular cylinder shell

Since there is no short shell in this calculation example, we need these equations
also do not use.

Step 3 Circular ring carrier - analog model

With the aid of the circular ring carrier analog model, we can place the two shell parts on two
circular ring carriers to reduce. The dimensions result from the individual shell parameters.

Step 4 Determination of the system stiffness matrix

Now that the dimensions of the replacement circular carrier are known, we can get the
stiffnesses determine. For the centric loaded annulus (component 4) we can use GL. (7-20).

Step 5 Determination of the system load vector

• Rigid retention force vector
Starrein clamping node load vector

• External node load vector

• System node load vector

Step 6 System balance and system deformations

Now that we have determined the system load, we can see the shift in the examined
Easily identify node I using system stiffness.

Step 7 Recalculation of the shell edge retention forces

The final forces of both shell parts can be determined by the individual stiffnesses, the system
deformation and also easily determine the particle shift.
In the following illustration, the edge retention forces are shown in that direction of rotation
as they actually act on the shell edge

Step 8 Calculation of the deformation and cutting force curves

Boundary values of internal forces
Here we determine the internal forces and stresses at the joint.
• Cup part 1
Application example 3 system information
In this example, we calculate the deformations and internal forces at a node I, where
two circular cylindrical shells and two circular ring carriers are encountered. The load on all
components takes place
over a constant internal pressure p = 100 kN / cm2.
Material characteristics: E = 21000 kN / cm2
ν = 0.3
fy = 24.0 kN / cm2
Geometric dimensions:

Step 1 Calculation of the membrane solution

• component 1 = shell part 1 (load type 4 - circular cylinder shell)

• component 2 = shell part 2 (load type 4 - circular cylinder shell)

• Component 3 = circular ring 1

Using GL (7-20), we obtain the horizontal expansion of the annulus carrier. The
Internal pressure p we must refer to the height of the annulus.

• component 4 = circular ring 2

Step 2 Rigidity relationship of the short circular cylinder shell

Since there is no short shell in this calculation example, we need these equations
also do not use.

Step 3 Circular ring carrier - analog model

With the aid of the circular ring carrier analog model, we can place the two shell parts on two
circular ring carriers
to reduce. The dimensions result from the individual shell parameters.
Step 4 Determination of the system stiffness matrix
Now that the dimensions of the replacement circular ring carriers are known, we can determine
their stiffnesses for a force attack in node I determine.
Now, however, the replacement circular ring carrier in the vertical direction eccentric to the
node considered lie, this eccentricity cm in the stiffness relationship must be considered. We
can thus introduce a total eccentricity of, the rigidity relationship of Ring carrier for any cross-
sectional shape and use. Since the circular ring carrier 2 in the horizontal direction is eccentric
to the reference node I, we must modify its stiffness with the radii ratio
Step 5Determination of the system load vector
• Rigid retention force vector

Since we now find the total stiffness in node I, and the particular displacements
and internal forces at the edges of the individual shell parts were determined, we must now
transform them into node I.

In this particular case, however, no particulate internal forces occur, and the particulate
deformations
do not change in the transformation into node I, since we are for the individual
Shell parts have received only a particular radial displacement.

Starrein clamping node load vector

• External node load vector

• System node load vector

Step 6 System balance and system deformations

Now that we have determined the system load, we can see the shift in the examined
Easily identify node I using system stiffness.

Since we are calculating the shifts and internal forces inside the shell the shift
in the two connection points of the shells to the annulus 1, which is eccentricity
cm, these must be detected.

Step 7 Recalculation of the shell edge retention forces

For the two circular rings, the Randfesthaltekräfte arise

Since we get the edge retention forces in Node I, we still have one for the shell parts 1 and 2
Recalculation to the shell edge, which has an eccentricity of e = 40cm, perform.

or.
In the following illustration, the edge retention forces are shown in that direction of rotation
as they actually act on the shell edge

Figure 8-16: Cup edge retention forces

Step 8 Recalculation of the deformation and cutting force profiles

Boundary values of internal forces
Here we determine the internal forces and stresses at the joint.

Component 1 = shell part 1

Component direction Cutting forces tensions membrane portion bending portion
Application Example 3 (alternative calculation)

Step 3 Circular ring carrier - analog model

Figure 8-17: Annular carrier analog model

As we found out in the alternative calculation, we need to focus on the overall system determine.
It is important to ensure that the rigidity of the spare circular ring 2, the larger one
Radius of curvature than the remaining components has modified with the factor must become.
This results in the center of gravity in the vertical direction eS = 1, 35581
cm from the reference axis.

Step 4

Determination of the system stiffness matrix

Now we have to determine the rigidity of the overall system in the center of gravity. It will
become the
Eccentricity of components 1,3 and 4 compared to chap. 8.4.3 increase the center of gravity
distance,
however, that of component 2 will be reduced. Thus, the stiffness relationships, such as
follows:

Step 5 Determination of the system load vector

Since we now determine the overall stiffness in the center of gravity, and the particular shifts
and internal forces have been determined at the edges of each shell parts, we have this
now transform into focus.However, since in this particular case no particulate internal forces
occur, and the particulate deformations does not change during the transformation into the
center of gravity, the rigid rake retention force vector remains and subsequently also the system
node load vector unchanged to Chap. 8.4.3.

Step 6 System balance and system deformations

Due to the changed stiffness relationship, we now also get modified deformations. These
determined
Sizes are now the deformations in the center of gravity of the entire system
The recalculation of the shifts in the shell margins are now again in Ch. 8.4.3 received
Sizes.

Step 7 Recalculation of edge retention forces

For the recalculation of the edge retention forces, the same must also apply as in Chap. 8.4.3.
It is only the value increased or decreased by the centroid distance
Use eccentricity.

Step 8Calculation of the deformation and cutting force curves

Since now both the shifts at the shell edges, as well as the Randfesthaltekräfte same as
in Chap. Of course, the same deformation and cutting force curves also result.