Exercise 9

A. Paragraph 1 (Comparison : Similarities and Differences)

Main idea : The different quality between the old and the new vending machine.
Signal words :
1. Nothing like : Showing similarity between the kind of vending machine.
Example : The latest kind of vending machine is noting like the vending
machines of the past.

2. Like : Showing similarity between the kind of vending machine.

Example : Like the old machines, the new ones are quick and convenient way
to buy food.

3. But : Showing different improved parts in the new machines.

Example : But the new machines have been improved in several important
ways.

4. However : Showing different way of payment on a new vending machine.

Example : The new machine, however, work with plastic cards that can be used
many time without error. (The old one works with coins.)

5. In contrast : Showing different food supplies between two kind of vending

machine.
Example : In contrast, the new machines sell all kinds of delicious meals. (The
old one is usually not very good.)

6. In general : Showing the overall difference between these two machines.

Example : In general, these new machines sell more interesting and
better-tasting food.

B. Paragraph 2 (Contrast : Differences)

Main idea : The different specifications between the old computer and the new laptop
computer (portable).
Signal words :
1. However : Showing difference between the old and the new computer.
Example : Present-day laptop computers, however, are totally different.

2. Unlike : Showing different size between the old and the new computer model.
Example : Unlike the heavy monsters of the past, the laptop computers weigh
only about five pounds.

3. In spite : Showing different memory capacity.

Example : In spite of their size, though, they have much more memory capacity
than the older computers.

4. Suprisingly : Showing different size of the screen.

 Example : Surprisingly, the laptops also have larger screens than the older
models.

C. Paragraph 3 (Comparison : Similarities and Differences)

Main idea : The different between gasoline cars and electric vehicles.
Signal words :
1. Like : Showing similarities between the gasoline cars and electric vehicles.
Example : Like gasoline cars, the electric vehicles provide convenient, private
transportation.

2. Much the same : Showing the interiors similarity between the gasoline cars and
electric vehicles.
Example : The interior of the two vehicles is much the same.

3. On the other hand : Showing difference between the gasoline cars and electric
vehicles.
Example : On the other hand, there is a major difference.

4. Unlike : Showing different noise level between the gasoline cars and electric
vehicles.
Example : Unlike gasoline cars, the electric vehicie is totaily silent.

5. In contrast : Emphasizing to showing different noise level between the gasoline

cars and electric vehicles.
Example : In contrast to the sound of the ignition in a gasoline engine, the
sound of starting an electric car is "click."

6. Either : Emphasizing to showing different noise level between the gasoline

cars and electric vehicles.
Example : There is no engine sound, either, in the electric car.