NORTH SOUTH

UNIVERSTY
LAB REPORT
Of
ENV107
Section: 8
Submitted to:
Dr. Kamrun Nahar (KNR)
Department of Environmental Science and Management
North South University

Submitted By:
Name ID
Md. Anisur Rahman Jahin 1511698630
Mamunur Rashid Ove 1510139030
Sadman Inkiad 1611173030
Mohd. Sami Uddin 1530713030
Ariful Haque Tonmoy 1512953030
Sabbir Mahmood Arman 1513197030

Acknowledgement
With deepest gratitude and appreciation, we are humbly giving thanks to the people who have
contributed to it a lot. Unfortunately, the list of expression of thanks- no matter how extensive is
always incomplete and inadequate. These acknowledgements are no exception. Our first thank
goes to the almighty Allah for give us patience and courage to finish this task within the time.
Thanks, must go to the team members, whose untiring patience and remarkable capacity for
creative work, and long hours made the project both possible and successful – under the pressure
of knocking deadline.
At last, we sincerely acknowledge our debt to Dr. Kamrun Nahar, our honorable faculty, for her
valuable counseling towards the improvement of the project. Without his encouragement, this
would have never been possible.
Contents
STANDARD RANGES............................................................................................1
Gulshan Lake Water Sample.....................................................................................2
Mineral Water and Carbonated Beverage Sample....................................................7
Uttara water Analysis..............................................................................................12
Puran Dhaka Water Sample.....................................................................................19
Mirpur Water sample...............................................................................................26
Bashundhara water sample......................................................................................31
Conclusion:..............................................................................................................35
STANDARD RANGES
 PH: PH denotes the samples sharpness; however, it is an estimation of the potential
movement of hydrogen particles pH estimations keep running on a scale from 0 to 14,
with 7.0 thought about impartial. Arrangements with a pH beneath 7.0 are viewed as
acids. Arrangements with a pH above 7.0, up to 14.0 are viewed as bases. PH should not
be below 5 and more than 8

 Electrical Conductivity (EC): An EC meter measures the potential for an electrical

current to be transported through water known as molar conductivity (electrolytic
conductivity) and expressed as siemens (S). The lower level indicates 50-500 the better
water. Conductivity is an estimation of the capacity of a fluid answer for conveying an
electrical flow. A particle is a molecule of a component that has picked up or lost an
electron which will make a negative or positive state.

 Dissolved Oxygen (DO): Dissolved Oxygen is the amount of gaseous oxygen (O2)

dissolved in the water. Oxygen enters the water by direct absorption from the
atmosphere, by rapid movement, or as a waste product of plant photosynthesis. Water
temperature and the volume of moving water can affect dissolved oxygen levels.Water
used in very low-pressure boilers have no more than 2.0 ppm of DO, but most boiler
plant operators try to keep oxygen levels to 0.007 ppm or less. 7- 11 normal level.

 Total dissolved solids (TDS): Total dissolved solids (TDS) is a measure of

the dissolved combined content of all inorganic and organic substances present in a
liquid in molecular, ionized or micro-granular (colloidal sol) suspended form. Certain
naturally occurring total dissolved solids arise from the weathering and dissolution of
rocks and soils. There is no mischief in drinking low TDS water. Any water having TDS
beneath 30 ppm is unsafe to the body. Underneath 30 ppm the water has fewer minerals
than the body needs. TDS level is 0-150 the lower the better

 NACL: There is 0.0%-0.7% possibility of acceptable water. But NACL 1 can also be
considered
 Turbidity: Turbidity is a measure of the degree to which the water loses its
transparency due to the presence of suspended particulates. The more total suspended
solids in the water, the murkier it seems and the higher the turbidity. Turbidity is
considered as a good measure of the quality of water. For Filter water 0 turbidity must be
present.

1
Sources EC TDS NACL PH DO Turbidity

Gulshan 620 312 1.2 6.9 1.3 45

Lake
Badda
side
(lower)
Badda 619 309 1.2 6.5 0.76 47
side
(upper)
Gulshan 609 304 1.2 6.8 0.78 37
South
(surface)
Gulshan 616 308 1.2 6.8 0.48 43
South
(lower)
Gulshan 436 218 0.9 7.0 13.68 4.07
2 lake
(North-
west)
Gulshan 72 36 0.1 7.52 8.33 10.65
Lake
End1
Gulshan 252 126 0.5 6.75 7.72 7
lake3

Gulshan Lake Water Sample

EC: EC or Electrical Conductivity is the limit of a substance to lead control. Conductivity of

water depends upon the assembly of split up particles. If conductivity of a stream out of the blue
forms, it appears there is a wellspring of split up particles in the locale. The standard estimation
of EC of Distilled water running from 0.5 to 3 s/cm, while most streams have between 50 to
1500 s/cm. New water streams ideally should have the conductivity between 150 to 500
s/cm to help varying maritime life. For drinking reason, the lower EC is the better. Despite the
way that eating up low saltiness water like refined water can be damaging to prosperity if it is
continued for a long time. Evian and Rivera have EC of more than 500 s/cm.

2
 EC

620 619 609 616

436

252

72

Analysis: EC or Electrical Conductivity is the limit of a substance to lead control. EC of

drinking water must be in between 10-150. Here the lake waters EC is much above the range.
The range is existing in between 72-620 which means the quality of water is not good at all.

TDS: Each regular dilute contain some broken solids due to the breaking down and weathering
of shake and soil. Waters with high Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) are unpalatable and
conceivably sad. The standard estimation of TDS of drinking water, tap water and sullied water
independently going from 0 to 50 ppm, 170 to 400 ppm and 400 <… .ppmAn important number
of the models contain a TDS level that is over the standard regard. Some of them are more than
100 ppm.

TDS

312 309 304 308

218

126

36

3
Analysis: TDS measures total dissolved solids in water.TDS must be in between 0-150 for good
quality water but the lower the better. The TDS here are above the range Gulshan lake Badda
side has the highest TDS.
NACL: There is 0.0%-0.7% possibility of acceptable water. But NACL 1 can also be
considered

NACL

1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2

0.9

0.5

0.1

Analysis: NACL measure the amount of salt presence in water. The NACL range is 0-0.6 but 1
can also be considered. Here the presence of NACL is more than the range

4
PH: PH denotes the samples sharpness, however, it is an estimation of the potential movement
of hydrogen particles pH estimations keep running on a scale from 0 to 14, with 7.0 thought
about impartial. Arrangements with a pH beneath 7.0 are viewed as acids. Arrangements with a
pH above 7.0, up to 14.0 are viewed as bases. PH should not be below 5 and more than 8

PH

7.52

7
6.9
6.8 6.8 6.75
6.5

Analysis: PH means the presence of hydrogen particles. Ph range should be 5-7 for good quality
water . Here all the water samples are within the range and al the good presence of PH is found.
Dissolved Oxygen (DO): Dissolved Oxygen is the amount of gaseous oxygen (O2) dissolved in
the water. Oxygen enters the water by direct absorption from the atmosphere, by rapid
movement, or as a waste product of plant photosynthesis. Water temperature and the volume of
moving water can affect dissolved oxygen levels.Water used in very low-pressure boilers have
no more than 2.0 ppm of DO, but most boiler plant operators try to keep oxygen levels to 0.007
ppm or less. 7- 11 normal level.

DO

13.68

8.33

1.3 0.76 0.78 0.48

5
Analysis: DO means amount of Dissolved Oxygen in water. DO needs to be in between 7-11 ml.
Per litre. The amount of DO in Gulshan 2 lake Nort-western side is the highest and Gulshan
southern part is the lowest.

Turbidity: Turbidity is a measure of the degree to which the water loses its transparency due to
the presence of suspended particulates. The more total suspended solids in the water, the
murkier it seems and the higher the turbidity. Turbidity is considered as a good measure of the
quality of water. For Filter water 0 turbidity must be present.

Turbidity
45 47
43
37

10.65
7
4.07

Analysis: Turbidity means the transparency of water and how much sunlight passes through the
water. The turbidity for filter water must be 0 but here the lake waers are polluted and they have
turbidity as high as 47 and the lower is 4.07 which is never satisfactory and not even in between
the ranges.

6
Mineral Water and Carbonated Beverage Sample
Findings: After the test we found the following results.

Turbidit
Sample Id EC TDS NACL PH Do y

Evian 523 261 1 5.8 7.9 0.1

Kinley 61 31 0.1 6.4 7.8 0.03

Rongdhnu 70 35 0.1 5.4 8 0.06

Spa 500 249 1 5.4 5.9 0.04

Mezanda 576 288 1.1 2.4 1.8 0.1

Shanti 100 50 0.2 5.5 8.7 0.4

Miranda 556 277 1.1 2.5 3.3 191

Miranda-Big 592 290 1.1 2.5 2.6 191

RC orange 525 261 1 2.8 2 289

Fanta 520 262 1 2.5 1.7 112

Googly 520 257 1 2.4 2.6 222

Starship 1255 624 2.4 3.2 2.4 1373

Shejan 1167 596 2.4 3 2.4 1177

Frooto 1038 513 2 3 2.3 1118

URO 806 399 1.6 3 1.4 1090

RC lemon 489 245 1 2.8 4.2 438

Drinko 690 345 1.3 3.2 1.8 102

Royal Soda 933 471 1.8 4.7 2.8 0.19

Soul up 437 211 0.8 2.5 2.5 0

Mojo 1071 542 2.1 2.3 2.5 0

Dhoom 1101 551 2.2 2.3 1.2 0

7
 Pepsi diet 954 487 1.9 2.7 1.6 0

Mojo 1114 554 2.4 2.3 0.4 0

Coke 1067 537 2.1 2.3 0.3 0

Coca cola zero 662 323 1.3 2.6 0.2 0

Gear 541 319 1.2 2.5 3.2 0.09

Apollo 298 151 0.6 6 8.1 0.2

Square Filter 181 89 0.3 5.9 7.9 0.1

Square tap 505 253 1 5.9 7.6 0.6

Acme 44 22 0.1 6 8.5 0

Sprite Big 350 176 0.7 2.6 1.6 0

Water Sources:
We found information of Meghna group of industries carbonated and drinking water industry’s
detail. The location was Tripordi, Sonargaon, Narayanganj. Drinks of meghna group are Fresh,
Mezanda, Soul up, Gear, Googly, Dhoom. They collect water mostly from ground water. But
there is also information that they do take water from Shitalakshya river. And use it by purifying
it.
Evian the foreign brand claims they collect water from unique natural sources. They also claim
their natural spring water contains only naturally occurring electrolytes from their unique origin.
As the water travels to the source through layers of glacial rocks, it becomes enriched with a
unique blend of minerals and electrolytes giving Evian its distinctive, cool, crisp taste. This
protected underground journey in the heart of the French Alps has given Evian water its unique
taste and mineral composition for over 200 years.
On the other hand, Transcom with their vast offering of products claims that despite being a
franchise of Pepsico they have their own manufacturing plant in Dhaka and Chittagong with
shrink wrapping machine, filling machine and carbon dioxide plant with which they ensure best
quality of water supply for both collected and ground water.

8
Information of the source and plant of all the companies were not available. Many companies
itself did not disclose any of the information regarding where they are taking the water how they
are processing it. But some information of some brands was available which were given.

EC:
EC or Electrical Conductivity is the limit of a substance to lead control. Here for the drinking
water the low the value the better it is. We expected to get the EC in between 50-500. What we
found was many companies drinks had higher reading of EC specially carbonated drinks.

EC
1400
1255
1200 1167
1101 1114
1071 1067
1038
1000 933 954
806
800
690 662
600 523
576 556592525520520 541
500 489 505
437
400 350
298
181
200 100
61 70 44
0

9
TDS:
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) are the total amount of mobile charged ions, including minerals,
salts or metals dissolved in a given volume of water. The standard is 0-150 but surprisingly we
got very few on our list. Which includes Kinley, Rangdhanu, Shanti, Acme. No carbonated
beverage had TDS no where around the standard scale. Startship had the highest turbidity level
which is 1373.

TDS
700
624
596
600 554537
542551
513
500 471 487

399
400
345
323319
300 261
288 277290261262257
249 245 253
211
200 176
151
89
100 50
31 35 22
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0

NaCl:
The standard estimation of NaCl is going from 0 to 0.6. We found Kinley, Rangdhanu, Acme
again following the standard. But the other form of drinks all were highly acidic in nature.

NA CL
3

2.5 2.4 2.4 2.4

2.2
2.1 2.1
2
2 1.9
1.8
1.6
1.5 1.3 1.3
1.2
1.1 1.1 1.1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5 0.3
0.2
0.1 0.1 0.1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0

pH:

10
pH is an extent of the proportion of free hydrogen particles in water. It's basically a marker of
sharpness/alkalinity. Which determines the acidity as well. PH scale goes from 0 to 14. But the
standard of PH is 5-8. In terms of mineral water all the water sample’s pH level had fallen into
the standard parameter. But for the carbonated drinks the findings say all of it are out of standard
zone and are acidic. Which is not good for our health.

PH
7
6.4
5.8 6 5.9 5.9 6
6 5.5
5.4 5.4
5 4.7

4
3.2 3.2
2.8 3 3 3 2.8
3 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.6
2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.5
2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3
2

1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0

DO:
DO suggests Dissolved Oxygen in the water. For drinking purpose we do have standard of 7-11
ml/L of DO. We found majority of the Companies drink’s DO ratings significantly low than the
standard.

DO
10
9 8.7 8.5
7.9 7.8 8 8.1 7.9
8 7.6
7
5.9
6
5
4.2
4 3.3 3.2
3 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.8
2.3 2.5 2.5
1.8 2 1.8
2 1.7 1.6 1.6
1.4 1.2
1 0.4 0.3
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00.2 0 0 0 0 0 0
0

Turbidity:
The importance of Turbidity is the obscurity or cloudiness of a fluid caused by suspended solids
that are commonly indistinct to the stripped eye.

11
The standard is 0. Sadly, without Acme we didn’t find any mineral water’s turbidity 0. And for
drinks like mango juice, orange and lemon-flavored colas turbidity was exceptionally high.

Turbidity
1600
1373
1400
1177
1200 1118
1090
1000

800

600
438
400 289
191191 222
200 112 102
00.10.03
0 0.06
0 0.040.1
0 0 00.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.19
0 00 00 00 00 00 00 0 0.090.2 0.1 0.6 0 0
0

Summarization:
Regardless of the promotion and branding we can see here from the analysis that not all the
water companies maintains the standards. Another thing was the carbonated drinks that we tested
are way acidic and exceeds all the standard level which is a very bad sign.

Uttara water Analysis

Uttara area is situated in the northern Thana and a suburb of Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh.
Nowadays, Uttara is considered to be one of the popular regions in the town. It lies beside
Mymensingh highway.

Safe drinking water stands out as a matter of most concerned issues at this time. In order to find
out the best possible way for the assurance of safe water, we have collected water samples from
different areas. In the case of uttara, we have collected 27 samples ranging from sector 1 to 11
and various measurements had been taken from the NSU LAB based on 6 following parameters

 Turbidity
 pH
 NaCl

12
  Electrical Conductivity( EC)
 Total Dissolved Solids( TDS)
 Dissolved Oxyzen (D^O)

The following chart shows the entire readings that were being collected from the lab while
testing the different water samples inside the lab. Thus, a detailed analysis also has been made on
the quality of water from different areas.

Water Sample EC TDS NACL PH DO Turbidit

Type y
Tap Sector 1 Road 13 196 98 0.4 5.8 6.5 0.02
Filter Sector 1 Road 15 189 95 0.4 6.4 7.5 0.17
Tap Sector 1 Road 5 187 94 0.4 6.1 7.5 0.03
Filter Sector 1 Road 13 184 92 0.4 6.4 7.6 0.12
Tap Sector 3 Road 7/c 299 150 0.6 6.2 7.4 0.1
Filter Sector 3 Road 8 246 123 0.5 6.5 7.8 0
Tap Sector 3 Road 9/B 227 113 0.4 6.3 7.2 0.13
Filter Sector 3 Road 7c 329 164 0.6 6.5 7.9 0
Tap Sector 5 Road 8 198 99 0.4 6.7 7.8 0
Filter Sector 5 Road 2 242 121 0.5 6.7 7.3 0
Tap Sector 5 Road 2 309 154 0.6 6.5 7.8 0.07
Filter Sector 5 Road 9/B 222 111 0.4 6.6 7.5 0
Filter Sector 12 road 2 304 151 0.6 6.4 6.3 2.4
tap Sector 12 road 2 225 113 0.4 7 7.1 0.4
Filter Sector 12 Road 1 276 138 0.5 6.9 5.8 0.12
Tap Sector 12 Road 1 265 132 0.5 6.9 3.7 0.21

13
tap Sector 13 Road 2 290 144 0.6 6.8 6.7 3.96
Filter Sector 11 Road 3 278 139 0.5 7 8.4 0.2
Filter Sector 13 Road 2 273 136 0.5 7 7.7 0.2
Filter Sector 11 Road 4 227 113 0.4 7.1 7.5 0.2
Filter Sector 13 Road 8 231 116 0.5 7.2 7.8 0.1
tap Sector 11 Road 14 272 136 0.5 7 7.8 2.7
tap Sector 13 Road 8 266 133 0.5 7.1 7.9 3.4
Filter Sector 11 Road 2 265 133 0.5 7.6 4.5 7.3
tap Sector 11 Road 3 272 136 0.5 6.7 6.2 0.31
tap Sector 11 Road 3 273 137 0.5 7 6.8 0.25

Turbidity: Turbidity is described as the amount of cloudiness in the water. Water having high
turbidity is not feasible to be used whereas water having low turbidity regards as much safer and
clear. The reasons of turbidity are following:

 Chemical precipitates
 Bacteria and germs
 Presence of mud, sand and slit

Turbidity
Turbidity

7.3

3.96
3.4
2.4 2.7

0.020.170.030.120.1 0 0.13 0 0 0 0.07 0 0.40.120.21 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.310.25

14
Turbidity is determined through the help of electronic turbidity meter. The water is only
considered to be safe when the level of turbidity is lower than 5 NTU. However, the abbreviation
of NTU is “nephelometric turbidity units” that serves as the SI unit for measuring turbidity.

the above figure has shown over the water samples collected from different parts of Uttara, it is
observed that only the water sample sourcing from “sector 11 road 2 (puddle water) gives an
unusual turbidity measurement, and this gives us the unpleasant impression of water. The high
level of turbidity may have resulted from the germs, bad bacteria and other unneceassary
elements and getting mixed through the supply pipeline. This type of water can cause deveral
diseases.

The water sample sourcing from sector 13, road 2 has a turbidity of about 3.96 NTU which is
somewhat alarming. In order to lower the turbidity, the water needs to be well managed and
cleaned by the authority. However, turbidity level in the other samples is much better.

PH
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0

PH

pH: pH value gives as a great indication about the water wheather it is hard or soft. Usually, The
value ranges from 0 to 14.

 The pH value for pure water has to be 7.

15
  If the value is lower than 7, the water becomes acidic.
 The value being greater than 7 is considered to be as basic.
 The normal range for pH in surface water systems is 6.5 to 8.5
 The ranges for the groundwater are 6 to 8.5.

The pH value is determined from the different collected samples which are based on Uttara.
Water collected from “sector 11, road 2” scores a perfect 7.6 and indicates the water to be as
basic and rest of the water samples fall within the required scale range. However, in case of pH
level, the water samples from uttara stand to be neither too much acidic nor too much alkaline.

EC
350
300
250
200
150
EC
100
50
0

16
 TDS
180
160
140
120
100
80
TDS
60
40
20
0

Electrical Conductivity and Total Dissolved Solids: Electrical Conductivity (EC) defines the
ability of water to pass through electrical flow. There are direct connections to the concentration
of salts which are dissolved in water and thus we get the Total Dissolved Solids (TDS). The
water results higher conductivity at when the higher number of ions is present in the water. If
ion concentration is lower, conductivity is also lower.

Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) contains of all the disassociated electrolytes. Beisdes, we also
could expect to see the dissolved organic matter which makes up the salinity concentration. TDS
is always vital for aqua lives. If water with high TDS, water flows into an organism’s cells that
tends to be swelling and hampering the aqua lives.

Electrical conductivity is determined in micro-siemens per centimetre (µS/cm). The water which
which have EC less than 250 µS/cm would be regarded as finest quality along with higher
proportions of calcium, magnesium and bicarbonate ions. Water sample going above the 2250
range would be granted as much suspicious because it contains higher proportion of sodium,
bicarbonate and carbonate ions along with a higher level of pH.

TDS on the other hand is determined in milligrams per litre(mg/litr). Water sample would be
regarded as excellent if the value is lower than 300 and when the value is greater than 1200 the
sample would be rejected. TDS possess the water taste and often reminds a high alkalinity.

17
According to the parameter, water sample collected from Uttara is regarded to be as excellent
because the value of EC and TDS is less than 250 and 300 respectively. Rather, the uttara areas
where water is considered to be of excellent quality also indicates pH value ranging within
desired level.

NACL
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
NACL
0.2
0.1
0

NaCl (Sodium Chloride): Salt is an essential minerals in our diet which always found in the
form of sodium chloride. Sodium chloride gives the water a salty taste at levels greater than 180
mg/L. If the level of sodium chloride present in water is greater than 20 mg/L, people might
have high blood pressure, cardiovascular or heart disease, kidney problems. Therefore, it should
be taken into account of the intake level of water.

This is most alarming that the percentage of sodium chloride present in the water sample of
Uttara Area is remarkably high (ranging from 0.4% to 0.6%). Thus, a good correlation is found
with Electrical Conductivity (EC) and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS).

18
 DO
9
8
7
6
5
4
DO
3
2
1
0

Dissolved Oxygen (DO): Dissolved oxygen in water defines the volume of oxygen is
contaminated in water. Water sample which has high level of DO is considered to be well
because it gives the water much better taste. In line with, it also speeds up the corrosion level in
water pipes.

 The accepted range of DO in water is 4mg/l to 5mg/l

 The rejected range of DO in water is below 3mg/l (If the value drops below 3mg/l, it
might cause aquatic bodies to die.)

The level of DO ranges from 3.7 (lowest) to 8.4 (highest) in the uttara region. It was observed
that water containing higher percentage of sodium chloride is found to have lowest level of
Dissolved Oxygen (DO).

Conclusion: After carefully examining the 26 water samples collected from different parts of
uttara area, it was found to have the characteristics of good quality drinking water.

19
Puran Dhaka Water Sample
Source EC TDS NACL % PH DO Turbidity
Lalbagh Royal 311 154 0.6 7 7.8 0.8
Restaurant (Filter)

Royal Restaurant (tap 308 154 0.6 6.6 6.2 0.2

water)

Nazirabazar Bismillah 239 119 0.5 6.6 7.6 2.2

Kabab (Filter)
Razzak Hotel (Filter) 180 90 0.4 6.6 7.6 2.2

Nazirabazar beauty 232 116 0.5 6 7 2

lassi (tap)
Choto Jame Masjid 283 142 0.6 6.2 6.4 16
(tap)
Bismillah Kabab tap 310 156 0.6 6.2 7.4 5
water
Al Razzak tap water 275 137 0.5 6.2 7.8 14
Boro Jame Masjid 194 97 0.4 6.2 8 0.42
(Tap water)
Puran Dhaka deep 107 54 0.2 6.1 7.9 0.4
tubewell
RK Mission Road tap 576 288 1.1 6.3 7.9 0.1
RK Mission Road 591 296 1.2 6.1 7.4 0.1
Filter
Nabab street Wari 717 357 1.4 6.3 4 0.9
Filter
Nabab Street Wari Tap 725 363 1.4 6.6 3.8 0.8
Gopi Krishna Lane 729 365 1.4 6.5 3.9 1.5
Wari Tap
Gopi bagh first lane 806 402 1.6 6.7 3.9 0.47
Tap
Gopi Bagh first lane 813 406 1.6 6.8 5.1 1
Filter

20
 Water Pollution

Water pollution is one of the most dangerous problems to general people in Bangladesh.
Drinking water quality is inadequately overseen and checked. Bangladesh positions at number 86
among 142 countries with respect to drinking water quality. Drinking water sources, both surface
and groundwater are debased with coliforms, harmful metals and pesticides all through the
nation. Invaded with waste running from drifting plastic packs to synthetic waste, our water
bodies have transformed into a pool of toxin. The defilement of water bodies in least complex
word implies water pollution. Consequently, mishandle of lakes, seas, Rivers, repositories and so
on are water.

Process of collecting water

As we went to collect water from some areas (Minarel water, Gulshan, Dhanmondi and
Hatirjheel, Puran Dhaka, Mirpur and Bashundhara area). We took tap water,local tube well
water,some filter water, house tap water, lake water, shop tap water,. All group members are
collected different areas water. After the collecting water we use mask in tap with bottle and
write down the area name on the bottle.

So, the material we needed for collecting water:

1. Plastic bottle
2. Hand gloves
3. Liquid hand wash
4. Marker

Graphical Representation of the water samples test:

EC: EC or Electrical Conductivity is the limit of a substance to lead control. Conductivity of

water depends upon the assembly of split up particles. If conductivity of a stream out of the blue
forms, it appears there is a wellspring of split up particles in the locale. The standard estimation
of EC of Distilled water running from 0.5 to 3 s/cm, while most streams have between 50 to
1500 s/cm. New water streams ideally should have the conductivity between 150 to 500
s/cm to help varying maritime life. For drinking reason, the lower EC is the better. Despite the
way that eating up low saltiness water like refined water can be damaging to prosperity if it is
continued for a long time. Evian and Rivera have EC of more than 500 s/cm.

21
 EC
806 813
717 725 729
576 591

308 283 310 275

239 232
180 194
107

TDS:
Each regular dilute contain some broken solids due to the breaking down and weathering of
shake and soil. Waters with high Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) are unpalatable and conceivably
sad. The standard estimation of TDS of drinking water, tap water and sullied water
independently going from 0 to 50 ppm, 170 to 400 ppm and 400 <… .ppmAn important number
of the models contain a TDS level that is over the standard regard. Some of them are more than
100 ppm.

22
 TDS
Series 1

402 406
357 363 365
288 296

154 154
119 142 156 137
90 116 97
54

NACL: There is 0.0%-0.7% possibility of acceptable water. But NACL 1 can also be
considered

NACL
Series 1

1.6 1.6
1.4 1.4 1.4
1.1 1.2

0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5

0.4 0.5 0.4
0.2

PH: PH denotes the samples sharpness, however, it is an estimation of the potential movement
of hydrogen particles pH estimations keep running on a scale from 0 to 14, with 7.0 thought
about impartial. Arrangements with a pH beneath 7.0 are viewed as acids. Arrangements with a
pH above 7.0, up to 14.0 are viewed as bases. PH should not be below 5 and more than 8

23
 PH
7
6.8
6.7
6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6
6.5
6.3 6.3
6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2
6.1 6.1
6

Series 1

24
Dissolved Oxygen (DO): Dissolved Oxygen is the amount of gaseous oxygen (O2) dissolved in
the water. Oxygen enters the water by direct absorption from the atmosphere, by rapid
movement, or as a waste product of plant photosynthesis. Water temperature and the volume of
moving water can affect dissolved oxygen levels.Water used in very low-pressure boilers have
no more than 2.0 ppm of DO, but most boiler plant operators try to keep oxygen levels to 0.007
ppm or less. 7- 11 normal level.

DO
7.8 7.6 7.6 7.8 8 7.9 7.9
7 7.4 7.4
6.2 6.4
5.1
4 3.8 3.9 3.9

Series 1

Turbidity: Turbidity is a measure of the degree to which the water loses its transparency due to
the presence of suspended particulates. The more total suspended solids in the water, the
murkier it seems and the higher the turbidity. Turbidity is considered as a good measure of the
quality of water. For Filter water 0 turbidity must be present.

25
 Turbidity
16
14

5
2.2 2.2 2 1.5
0.8 0.2 0.42 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.8 0.47 1

Series 1

26
Mirpur Water sample
Mirpur is considered as most important area in the city of Dhaka. It is located in north-east side
of Dhaka. Around 6 lakh people lived here and its area around 58.66 kilometers. Crisis of fresh
water are varying in different area. The following result of (EC, TDS, NACL, PH, DO and
Turbidity) that we get from our sample testing in lab helping us to understand the difference of
water in different area of Mirpur.

Turbidit
Sample Id EC TDS NACL PH Do y

Mirpur- 11 Road- 5 Block- D (Tap) 282 141 0.6 6.5 7.6 1.87

Mirpur- 11 Road- Block- D (Filter) 320 161 0.6 6.7 7 1.7

Mirpur- 11 Road- 21 Block- A

(Tap) 325 163 0.6 6.6 7.5 3.8

Mirpur- 11 Road- 21 Block- A

(Filter) 229 115 0.4 6.9 8 0.06

Mirpur- DOHS Road- 3 (Tap) 217 108 0.4 6.9 7.9 1.6

Mirpur- DOHS Road- 3 (Filter) 222 111 0.4 6.5 7.8 0.86

Mirpur- 10 Road- 8 (Tap) 308 154 0.6 6.7 6.2 0.4

Mirpur- 10 Road- 8 (Filter) 273 137 0.5 6.6 7.8 0.16

Mirpur- DOHS Road- 17 (Tap) 209 155 0.6 6.6 7.5 0.4

Mirpur- DOHS Road- 17 (Filter) 269 130 0.5 6.9 7.9 0.86

Mirpur- 11 Block-R(Tap) 94 47 0.2 7 7.7 0.2

Mirpur- 11 Block-R(Filter) 229 115 0.4 6.9 8 0.06

Mirpur- 11.5 Road- 3 (Tap) 251 126 0.5 6.9 8 0.2

Mirpur- 11.5 Road- 3 (Filter) 274 121 0.5 6.9 7.8 0.1

Mirpur- Pallabi Road- 10 (Tap) 329 164 0.5 6.6 7.8 4.23

Mirpur- Pallabi Road- 10 (Filter) 265 133 0.5 6.9 7.9 0.1

Mirpur- 2 Road- 6 (Tap) 273 137 0.5 6.9 7.8 0.1

27
 Mirpur- 2 Road- 6 (Filter) 246 123 0.5 6.9 8 0.2

Mirpur- Purnima hotel (Tap) 265 133 0.6 7.6 7.7 0.3

Mirpur- Purnima hotel (Filter) 265 133 0.6 7.5 7.9 0.1

EC
350 320 325 329
308
300 282 273 269 274 265 273 265 265
251 246
250 229 217 222 229
209
200
150
94
100
50
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0

Electricity conductivity: According to result from all sample the highest EC is 329 and lowest
EC is 94. If we compare all the samples with the Excellent value of EC; all samples fall under
the good position. Which indicates that the water of Mirpur has proper calcium, magnesium and
bicarbonate ions.

28
 TDS
180 161 163 164
154 155
160 141
137 130 133 137 133 133
140 126 121 123
120 115 108 111 115
100
80
60 47
40
20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0

Total dissolved solids: It consists of all the disassociated electrolytes in addition to dissolved
organic matter making up the salinity concentration. TDS rated excellent if the value is less than
300 and when the value is above 1200 the water sample is rated to be unacceptable. TDS affects
water taste and often indicates a high alkalinity or hardness. Based on our lab result we can see
that all the sample are below 300 which indicate better quality of water under TDS.

NACL
0.7
0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
0.6
0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
0.5
0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0

NACL (Sodium Chloride): Sodium chloride provides water a salty taste at levels greater than
180 mg/L. When the level of sodium chloride present in water is above 20 mg/L, people having

29
high blood pressure, cardiovascular or heart disease, kidney problems should be aware on the
intake level of water. According to the result of NACL we can see that all the sample falling
under the range between (0.2 to 0.6) which indicate the water is in the better position for drink.

PH
8 7.6 7.5
6.7 6.6 6.9 6.9 6.7 6.6 6.6 6.9 7 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.6 6.9 6.9 6.9
7 6.5 6.5
6
5
4
3
2
1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0

PH: The normal range for pH in surface water systems is 6.5 to 8.5, and for groundwater
systems the range is between 6 to 8.5. Based on our analysis of all the sample we can see that all
the samples of Mirpur fall under the normal range of PH. Which proved that the water of Mirpur
area has in better condition according to PH result.

30
 DO
9 8 7.9 7.8 7.8 7.5 7.9 7.7 8 8 7.8 7.8 7.9 7.8 8 7.7 7.9
8 7.6 7 7.5
7 6.2
6
5
4
3
2
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0

Dissolve Oxygen: Its referes that quantitiy of oxygen conaitn in water. Generally accepted level
of DO in water is from 4mg/l to 5mg/l and the value dropping below 3mg/l may cause aquatic
bodies to die. Also, containg high level of DO in water considered as better drinking water. In
the graph we can see that all of the sample have high level of DO compare to its range. Which
indicates the better quality of Mirpur water.

Turbidity
4.5 4.23
4 3.8
3.5
3
2.5
2 1.87 1.7 1.6
1.5
1 0.86 0.86
0.4 0.4
0.5 0 0 0 00.06 0 0 0 00.16 0 0 00.2 00.06 00.2 00.1 0 00.1 00.1 00.2 00.3 00.1
0

31
Turbidity: is determine the cloudliness of the water. Having high turbidity water is impossible
to see through wherease having low turbidity appears to be clear to see. The lowest turbidity in
water is considered to be a better quality drinking water. In the graph we can see that (Mirpur 11
block A road 21 and mirpur pallabi road 10 water) contained high turbidity with the amount of
(3.8 and 4.23) respectively. Which indicate that the water may have problem with its clearness of
water. On the other hand, rest of the sample have lowest volume of turbidity indicating the better
quality of water.

Bashundhara water sample

Sample Id EC TDS NACL PH Do Turbidity

Block- I (Tap) 326 163 0.6 6 8.6 0

Block- I (filter) 367 183 0.7 6.1 8.7 0

Block- D (Tap) 318 159 0.6 6.2 8.4 0.62

Block- D (filter) 326 163 0.6 6.6 8.3 0

Block- F (Tap) 305 152 0.6 6.4 8.4 0

Block- F (filter) 275 138 0.5 6.4 8.3 0

Block- A (Tap) 254 127 0.5 6.6 8.3 0

Block- A (filter) 303 172 0.7 7.1 8.2 0

Block- G (Tap) 501 250 1 6.7 8.4 0.12

Block- G (filter) 284 141 0.6 6.5 7.5 0

Block- B (Tap) 351 176 0.7 6.4 8 0

32
 Block- B (filter) 277 138 0.5 6.5 8.3 0

Block- K (Tap) 338 169 0.7 6.4 7.9 0

Block- K (filter) 338 169 0.7 6.5 8.4 0

Block- H (Tap) 195 97 0.4 6.5 8.2 0

Block- H (filter) 284 141 0.6 6.5 7.5 0

Block- J (Tap) 449 224 0.9 6.4 8.3 0

Block- J (filter) 449 224 0.9 6.4 8.3 0

Block- E (Tap) 516 258 1 7.1 7.1 0

Block- E (filter) 322 161 0.6 6.9 8.4 0

Block- C (Tap) 236 117 0.5 7 7 0

Block- C (filter) 82 40 0.2 7.1 7.8 0

Block- I (Pond) 546 271 1.1 6.6 16.4 132

Block- I (Pond deep) 563 281 1.1 7 17.5 212

EC
600
546 563
501 516
500
449 449

400 367 351

326 338 338
318 326 305 303 322
300 275 284 277 284
254 236
195
200

100 82

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0

Electricity conductivity: According to the measurement of good quality water by EC, we can
see in the graph all samples from different blocks have in good condition. Though EC range less
than 250 cm is considered excellent quality of water, but all of the sample has still in their good

33
condition according to EC. On the other hand, we have sample of pond water which is also have
favourable condition according to EC.

TDS
300 281
271
250 258
250
224 224

200 183 176

163 172 169 169
159 163 152 161
150 138 141 138 141
127
117
97
100

50 40

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0

Total dissolved solids: according to TDS measurement we can see in the above graph that all of
the sample are below 300. Which are the range of excellent quality of water in terms of TDS.
Also, we can see that the pond’s water is fall under the excellent quality range of water by TDS
which indicates the better-quality water of the respective pond.

NACL
1.2
1.1 1.1
1 1
1
0.9 0.9

0.8
0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7
0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
0.6
0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0

NACL (Sodium Chloride): From the previous discussion of NACL measurements about
excellent and bad quality of water, we can observe that all samples of water from different
location are under the better condition having range between ( 0.2 to 1.1). So, as having lower
percentage of sodium clhoride in all of the sample of Bashundhara area we can state that the
water in this area are in the better condition according to NACL measurement.

34
 PH
8
7.1 7.1 6.9 7 7.1 7
7 6.6 6.4 6.4 6.6 6.7 6.5 6.6
6.4 6.5 6.4 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.4 6.4
6 6.1 6.2
6
5
4
3
2
1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0

PH: As we know that the range of excellent quality of water according to PH is 6.5 to 8.5. In the
avobe graph we can see that all of the sample are in between the good quality of water range
according to PH. Which determine that the quality of water in Bashundhara area is in the
excellent condition.

DO
20
18 17.5
16.4
16
14
12
10 8.6 8.7 8.4
8.3 8.4 8.3 8.3 8.2 8.4 8.3 7.9 8.4 8.2 8.3 8.3 8.4
8 7.5 8 7.5 7.1 7
7.8

6
4
2
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0

Dissolve oxygen: As we discuss earlier that the high amount of DO means the better quality of
water. We can see in the graph that all of the sample water of Bashundhara have good level of
dissolve oxygen. On the other hand, we see dissolve oxygen level of the pond is much higher
than the drinking water. Its indicate that the pond’s water is having the better condition.

35
 Turbidity
0.7
0.62
0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2
0.12
0.1
00 00 0 00 00 00 00 00 0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0 0
0

Turbidity: Based on the previous explanation of turbidity we see in the graph that all of the
sample of Bashudhara areas water have near to 0 volume of turbidity which indicate that the
cleanliness of the water.

Turbidity pond
250

212
200

150
132

100

50

0 0
0
Block- I (Pond) Block- I (Pond deep)

In the following chart we see that the upper sample of the pond have lowest level of turbidity
compare to the sample of deep area of the pond. Which means deep area of the pond have high
cloudliness water than the upper sample of the pond.

36
Conclusion:
From our findings we can clearly see the water of Dhaka doesn’t have the quality that it was
supposed to have. And water from different part of Dhaka gives different reading even though
the water is supplied by WASA. Uttara water has high turbidity which was alarming compared to
other parts of Dhaka. And from branded drinks and carbonated beverages it showed very low pH
reading and very high turbidity.
Apart form that we found our lake and surface water condition very poor which is undoubtedly a
threat to fishes and other animals.
We need to become careful for protecting ourselves and maintain better quality of the water.

37