We can classify wastes into another two types either solid wastes and liquid wastes.

Solid waste
was approximately 80 kg. The solid wastes were packaged in a puncture proof containers to
protect staff and the public that may be exposed to waste during the time of handling,
transportation, storage, and treatment the integrity of packaging was preserved. These materials
were incinerated after preserving in puncture proof containers. While liquid waste was
approximately 120 kg that was dumped/landfilled. Urine that was produced from the labs were
disposed of with sewage water that were than collected in large underground tanks which than
overflow in canal system however the blood from labs and gynae wards landfilled. Normally
they change bedsheets after 24 hours however for gynae wards etc. it depends on the
contamination, may be changed after 12 hours. Nurses and doctors wears overall (coat)
randomly. However no one uses gloves or masks. Laboratory technicians wears overall but they
do not use gloves, masks or any hand sanitizers after performing test. For disposing infectious
medical waste in district Mansehra incineration is leading method is, in which the wastes are
treated at very high temperatures due to which only ash residues remains. Then this ash is
landfilled. However, a main disadvantage of incineration of clinical waste is the production of
chemicals and toxins that are released into the surrounding. Due to of its composition, after
incineration infectious clinical waste produces toxic gases in excessive quantities. . There was
insufficient number of staff available for the tasks. The staff received coded stickers that was
affixed to color-coded, high-density, polyethylene bags used to collect of the waste to facilitate
tracing of the source of waste for the data collection.