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Kimia Dasar 2)
Kimia Dasar 2)
NIM : 1901060004
Kelas : A
1. Larutan CH3COOH 0,01 M sebanyak 100 mL dengan Ka 10 -5 dititrasi dengan NaOH 0,01 M.
Hitunglah pH dengan volume 0 mL, 5 mL,10 mL,15 mL,20 mL, 25 mL, 30 mL, 35 mL, 40 mL, 45
mL, 50 mL, 55 mL, 60 mL,65 mL,70 mL, 75 mL, 80 mL,85 mL,90 mL,95 mL,100 mL, 105 mL, 110
mL,115 mL,dan 120 mL!
Penyelesaian
[CH3COOH] = 0,01 M
V = 100 mL
n = 1 mmol
[NaOH] = 0,01 M
Untuk volume NaOH 0 mL
[H+] = √ Ka Ma
= √ 10−5 .10−2
= √ 10−7
=10-3,5
pH = -log [H+]
= - log 103,5
=3,5
[asam]
[H+] = Ka
[ garam]
0,95 mm 0l
= 10-5
0,05 mm 0l
= 10-5 . 19
= 19 x 10-5
pH = -log [H+]
= - log 19 x 10-5
= 5 – log 19
=3,7
[asam]
[H+] = Ka
[ garam]
0,90 mm 0l
= 10-5
0,1 mm 0l
= 9 X 10-5
pH = -log [H+]
= - log 9 x 10-5
= 5 – log 9
=4,04 = 4
[asam]
[H+] = Ka
[ garam]
0,85 mm 0l
= 10-5
0,15 mm 0l
= 5,67X 10-5
pH = -log [H+]
= 5 – log 6,7
=4,2
[asam]
[H+] = Ka
[ garam]
0,80 mm 0l
= 10-5
0,2 mm 0l
= 4 X 10-5
pH = -log [H+]
= - log 4 x 10-5
= 5 – log 4
=4,39 = 4,4
[asam]
[H+] = Ka
[ garam]
0,75 mm 0l
= 10-5
0,25 mm 0l
= 3 X 10-5
pH = -log [H+]
= - log 3 x 10-5
= 5 – log 3
=4,45
[asam]
[H+] = Ka
[ garam]
0,70 mm 0l
= 10-5
0,3 mm 0l
= 2,3 X 10-5
pH = -log [H+]
= 5 – log 2,3
=4,6
[asam]
[H+] = Ka
[ garam]
0,65 mm 0l
= 10-5
0,35 mm 0l
= 1,86 X 10-5
pH = -log [H+]
= 5 – log 1,86
=4,7
[asam]
[H+] = Ka
[ garam]
0,60 mm 0l
= 10-5
0,4 mm 0 l
= 1,5 X 10-5
pH = -log [H+]
= 5 – log 1,5
=4,8
[asam]
[H+] = Ka
[ garam]
0,55 mm 0l
= 10-5
0,45 mm 0l
= 1,2 X 10-5
pH = -log [H+]
= 5 – log 1,2
=4,9
[asam]
[H+] = Ka
[ garam]
0,50 mm 0l
= 10-5
0,50 mm 0l
= 1 X 10-5
pH = -log [H+]
= - log 1 x 10-5
= 5 – log 1
=5
Untuk volume NaOH 55 mL
CH3COOH + NaOH CH3COONa + H2O
[asam]
[H+] = Ka
[ garam]
0,45 mm 0l
= 10-5
0,55 mm 0l
= 0,8 X 10-5
pH = -log [H+]
= 5 – log 0,8
=5,1
[asam]
[H+] = Ka
[ garam]
0,40 mm 0l
= 10-5
0,6 mm 0 l
= 0,6 X 10-5
pH = -log [H+]
= 5 – log 0,6
=5,2
Untuk volume NaOH 65 mL
CH3COOH + NaOH CH3COONa + H2O
[asam]
[H+] = Ka
[ garam]
0,35 mm 0l
= 10-5
0,65 mm 0l
= 0,54 X 10-5
pH = -log [H+]
= 5 – log 0,54
=5,3
[asam]
[H+] = Ka
[ garam]
0,30 mm 0l
= 10-5
0,7 mm 0 l
= 0,43 X 10-5
pH = -log [H+]
= 5 – log 0,43
=5,4
Untuk volume NaOH 75 mL
CH3COOH + NaOH CH3COONa + H2O
[asam]
[H+] = Ka
[ garam]
0,25 mm 0l
= 10-5
0,75 mm 0l
= 0,3 X 10-5
pH = -log [H+]
= 5 – log 0,3
=5,5
[asam]
[H+] = Ka
[ garam]
0,20 mm 0l
= 10-5
0,8 mm 0 l
= 0,25 X 10-5
pH = -log [H+]
= 5 – log 0,25
=5,6
Untuk volume NaOH 85 mL
CH3COOH + NaOH CH3COONa + H2O
[a sam]
[H+] = Ka
[ garam]
0,15 mm 0l
= 10-5
0,85 mm 0l
= 0,18 X 10-5
pH = -log [H+]
= 5 – log 0,18
=5,7
[asam]
[H+] = Ka
[ garam]
0,10 mm 0l
= 10-5
0,9 mm 0l
= 0,1 X 10-5
pH = -log [H+]
= 5 – log 0,1
=6
Untuk volume NaOH 95 mL
CH3COOH + NaOH CH3COONa + H2O
[asam]
[H+] = Ka
[ garam]
0,05 mm 0l
= 10-5
0,95 mm 0l
= 0,053 x 10-5
pH = -log [H+]
= 5 – log 0,053
=6,3
I 1 mmol 1 mmol 0 0
E 0 0 1 mmol 1 mmol
Kw
[OH+] =
√ Ka
[garam]
10−14
=
√ 10−5
(1)
1
√
= 10−9
200
=√ 5 x 10−12
= √ 5 x 10-6
= 5,65
pH =14-pOH
= 14-5,65
= 8,3
pOH = 3,613
pH = 14-pOH
=14-3,613
= 10, 4
pOH = 3,322
pH = 14-pOH
=14-3,322
= 10, 7
pOH = 3,16
pH = 14-pOH
=14-3,16
= 10, 84
pH = 14-pOH
=14-3,04
= 10, 96
2. Larutan NH4OH 0,1 M dengan volume 50 mL dititrasi dengan asam klorida (HCl) dengan
kosentrasi 0,2 M. Hitunglah pH pada setiap penambahan HCl 1 mL – 28 mL!
Penyelesaian
VNH4OH = 50 mL
[HCl] = 0,2 M
[OH-] = √ Kb Mb
= √ 10−5 .10−1
= √ 10−6 = 10-3
= - log 10-3
=3
pH = 14- pOH
=14-3
= 11
4,9 mm 0 l
= 10-5
0,1 mm 0 l
= 4,9 x 10-4
= 4 – log 4,9
=3,30980932
pH = 14- pOH
= 14- 3,30980932
=10,69019608=10,7
Untuk volume HCl 2 mL
NH4OH + HCl NH4Cl + H2O
[basa]
[OH-] = Kb
[ garam]
4,6 mm 0 l
= 10-5
0,4 mm 0 l
= 11,5 x 10-5
= 5 – log 11,5
=3,93930216
pH = 14- pOH
= 14- 3,93930216
=10,06069784=10,06
Untuk volume HCl 3 mL
NH4OH + HCl NH4Cl + H2O
[basa]
[OH-] = Kb
[ garam]
4,4 mm 0 l
= 10-5
0,6 mm 0 l
= 7,333333333 x 10-5
= 5 – log 7,3333333
= 4,134698574
pH = 14- pOH
= 14- 4,134698574
=9,865301426 =9,9
Untuk volume HCl 4 mL
NH4OH + HCl NH4Cl + H2O
[basa]
[OH-] = Kb
[ garam]
4,2 mm 0 l
= 10-5
0,8 mm 0 l
= 5,25 x 10-5
= 4,279840697
pH = 14- pOH
= 14- 4,279840697
=9,7201593003 =9,72
Untuk volume HCl 5 mL
NH4OH + HCl NH4Cl + H2O
I 5 mmol 1 mmol 0 0
[basa]
[OH-] = Kb
[ garam]
4 mm 0 l
= 10-5
1 mm 0 l
= 4 x 10-5
= - log 4 x 10-5
= 5 – log 4
= 4,397940009
pH = 14- pOH
= 14- 4,397940009
=9,602059991 =9,6
Untuk volume HCl 6 mL
NH4OH + HCl NH4Cl + H2O
[basa]
[OH-] = Kb
[ garam]
3,8 mm 0l
= 10-5
1,2mm 0 l
= 3,166666667 x 10-5
= 5 – log 3,166666667
= 4,499397649
pH = 14- pOH
= 14- 4,499397649
=9,500602351 =9,5
Untuk volume HCl 7 mL
NH4OH + HCl NH4Cl + H2O
[basa]
[OH-] = Kb
[ garam]
3,6 mmol
= 10-5
1,4 mmol
= 2,571428571 x 10-5
= 5 – log 2,571428571
= 4,589825535
pH = 14- pOH
= 14- 4,589825535
=9,410174465 =9,41
Untuk volume HCl 8 mL
NH4OH + HCl NH4Cl + H2O
I 5 mmol 1,6 mmol 0 0
[basa]
[OH-] = Kb
[ garam]
3,4 mmol
= 10-5
1,6 mmol
= 2,125 x 10-5
= 5 – log 2,125
= 4,672641066
pH = 14- pOH
= 14- 4,672641066
=9,327358934 =9,33
Untuk volume HCl 9 mL
NH4OH + HCl NH4Cl + H2O
[basa ]
[OH-] = Kb
[ g aram]
3,2mmol
= 10-5
1,8 mmol
= 1,777777778 x 10-5
= 5 – log 1,777777778
= 4,750122527
pH = 14- pOH
= 14- 4,750122527
=9,249877473 =9,25
Untuk volume HCl 10 mL
NH4OH + HCl NH4Cl + H2O
I 5 mmol 2 mmol 0 0
[basa]
[OH-] = Kb
[ garam]
3 mmol
= 10-5
2 mmol
= 1,5 x 10-5
= 5 – log 1,5
= 4,823908741
pH = 14- pOH
= 14- 4,823908741
=9,176091259 =9,18
[basa]
[OH-] = Kb
[ garam]
2,8 mmol
= 10-5
2,2 mmol
= 1,272727273 x 10-5
= 5 – log 1,272727273
= 4,895264649
pH = 14- pOH
= 14 - 4,895264649
=9,104735351 =9,1
Untuk volume HCl 12 mL
NH4OH + HCl NH4Cl + H2O
[basa]
[OH-] = Kb
[ garam]
2,6 mmol
= 10-5
2,4 mmol
= 1,083333333 x 10-5
= 5 – log 1,083333333
= 4,965237894
pH = 14- pOH
= 14 - 4,965237894
=9,034762106 =9
Untuk volume HCl 13 mL
NH4OH + HCl NH4Cl + H2O
[basa]
[OH-] = Kb
[ garam]
2,4 mmol
= 10-5
2,6 mmol
= 0,923076923 x 10-5
= 5 – log 0,923076923
= 5,034762106
pH = 14- pOH
= 14 - 5,034762106
= 8,965237894 = 8,96
Untuk volume HCl 14 mL
NH4OH + HCl NH4Cl + H2O
[basa]
[OH-] = Kb
[ garam]
2,2 mmol
= 10-5
2,8 mmol
= 0,785714285 x 10-5
= 5,104735351
pH = 14- pOH
= 14 - 5,104735351
= 8,895264649 = 8,9
Untuk volume HCl 15 mL
NH4OH + HCl NH4Cl + H2O
I 5 mmol 3 mmol 0 0
[basa]
[OH-] = Kb
[ garam]
2 mmol
= 10-5
3 mmol
= 0,666666666 x 10-5
= 5 – log 0,666666666
= 5,176091259
pH = 14- pOH
= 14 - 5,176091259
= 8,823908741 = 8,82
Untuk volume HCl 16 mL
NH4OH + HCl NH4Cl + H2O
1,8 mmol
= 10-5
3,2mmol
= 0,5625 x 10-5
= 5 – log 0,5625
=5,249877473
pH = 14- pOH
= 14 - 5,249877473
= 8,750122527 = 8,75
Untuk volume HCl 17 mL
NH4OH + HCl NH4Cl + H2O
[basa]
[OH-] = Kb
[ garam]
1,6 mmol
= 10-5
3,4 mmol
= 0,47058825 x 10-5
= 5 – log 0,47058825
=5,327358921
pH = 14- pOH
= 14 - 5,327358921
= 8,672641079 = 8,67
[basa]
[OH-] = Kb
[ garam]
1,4 mmol
= 10-5
3,6 mmol
=0,388888888 x 10-5
= 5 – log 0,388888888
=5,410174465
pH = 14- pOH
= 14 - 5,410174465
= 8,589825535 = 8,59
[basa]
[OH-] = Kb
[ garam]
1,4 mmol
= 10-5
3,6 mmol
=0,315789473 x 10-5
= 5 – log 0,315789473
=5,500602351
pH = 14- pOH
= 14 - 0,315789473
= 8,499397649 = 8,5
I 5 mmol 4 mmol 0 0
[basa]
[OH-] = Kb
[ garam]
1 mmol
= 10-5
4 mmol
=0,25 x 10-5
= 5 – log 0,25
=5,602059991
pH = 14- pOH
= 14 - 5,602059991
= 8,397940009 = 8,4
[basa]
[OH-] = Kb
[ garam]
0,8 mmol
= 10-5
4,2 mmol
=0,19047619 x 10-5
= 5 – log 0,19047619
=5,720159304
pH = 14- pOH
= 14 - 5,720159304
= 8,279840696 = 8,28
Untuk volume HCl 22 mL
NH4OH + HCl NH4Cl + H2O
[basa]
[OH-] = Kb
[ garam]
0,6 mmol
= 10-5
4,4 mmol
=0,136363636 x 10-5
= 5 – log 0,136363636
=5,865301426
pH = 14- pOH
= 14 - 5,865301426
= 8,134698574 = 8,13
Untuk volume HCl 23 mL
NH4OH + HCl NH4Cl + H2O
[basa]
[OH-] = Kb
[ garam]
0,4 mmol
= 10-5
4,6 mmol
=0,086956521 x 10-5
= 5 – log 0,086956521
= 6,06069784
pH = 14- pOH
= 14 - 6,06069784
= 7,93930216 = 8
[basa]
[OH-] = Kb
[ garam]
0,2 mmol
= 10-5
4,8 mmol
=0,041666666 x 10-5
= 5 – log 0,041666666
= 6,380211249
pH = 14- pOH
= 14 - 6,380211249
= 7,619788751= 7,6
Untuk volume HCl 25 mL
NH4OH + HCl NH4Cl + H2O
I 5 mmol 5 mmol 0 0
Kw
[H+] =
√ Kb
[garam]
10−14 1
=
√ ( )
10−5 75
1
√
= 10−9
75
=√ 0,066666666 x 10−12
= 0,258198888x 10-4,5
pH = - log [H+]
= 5,088045632 = 5,1
Untuk volume HCl 26 mL
NH4OH + HCl NH4Cl + H2O
pH =2,5797883597
= 2,6
pH =2,284430734
= 2,3
pH =2,113943352
= 2,1