Service Training

Self-Study Programme 559

The Tiguan 2018 LWB

 The Tiguan 2018 LWB

s559_001

A new industrial workshop was built in Puebla, Mexico to assemble the Tiguan LWB. This version is primarily aimed
at the North American market and while its body work and equipment differ from the Tiguan built in Germany, it
uses the same MQB platform.
This is a model belonging to the SUV (Sport Utility Vehicle) category. It has two versions; a front-wheel drive and a
4MOTION with Offroad pack.

This Self-Study Programme highlights the features of the Tiguan LWB and the main differences between this
version and the Tiguan assembled in Germany, as well as the equipment options for the North American region.
For precise equipment details refer to the versions and variants available in each market.

The display texts from the multifunction display in the dash panel insert and the infotainment display
shown in this book are only examples and do not correspond to the displays in the respective national
languages. The exact display content varies from country to country and can be found in the respective
vehicle.

The Self-Study Programme shows the For the latest testing, adjustment and repair
design and function of new instructions, refer to the relevant service
developments. literature. Important
The contents will not be updated. note

2
Contents

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

Body . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

Body assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

Safety features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

Power units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

Power transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

Running gear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

Heating and air conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

Electrical system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38

Infotainment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48

Car-Net. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59

3
 Introduction

Product features
The illustrations show significant product features.

• Ambient lighting
• Easy Open

• 12,3" Active Info Display (AID)

• Reversing camera

• Car-Net®
– with App-Connect

• Two or three seat rows

s559_061
• Keyless Access system

• Area monitoring system (Front Assist) with:

– City Emergency Braking System

• Discover Pro navigation system with:

– 8" infotainment touchscreen

• Tyre pressure control system:

– TPMS or TPLI plus

• Front-wheel drive or
s559_081 4MOTION®

• Blind Spot Sensor or Side Assist with Rear Traffic Alert

The vehicle equipment and options (e.g. Car-Net functions, Drive Assist features, etc.) vary from country
to country.

4
Distinguishing features
The illustrations show the distinguishing features.

Front bumper with two different

ramp angles Driver-oriented dash panel and centre console

HomeLink®
and Car-Net®
with OCU

Operating unit for driving mode

selection

Panoramic sliding sunroof

Automatic anti-dazzling interior

mirror

LED tail light cluster

Folding tables with cup holders Wider tailgate

s559_005

5
 Introduction

Technical data
Data for the Tiguan LWB with front-wheel drive and 4MOTION with off-road pack.

Exterior dimensions and weights

896mm 2790mm 1015mm

4701mm
1658 mm

1585mm 1574 mm
1839mm 2099mm s559_007

Weights /other data

Tiguan LWB Front-wheel drive 4MOTION with off-road pack

Turning circle 11,9m 11,9m
Gross vehicle weight rating 2190kg 2340kg
DIN* kerb weight 1784kg 1914kg
Max. roof load 75kg 75kg
Max. trailer weight, braked on 1920kg 2050kg
12% uphill gradient
Drag coefficient 0,330cx 0,337cx

6
Interior dimensions and volumes

m
1)m
m

mm
1 0 5 4m

2 (+

859
100

Max. 1784 (+60)mm

2097mm
762mm
724mm

1152mm s559_011

The figures in brackets correspond to the difference between the Tiguan LWB with 5 seats and the version with 7
seats.
Interior dimensions and volumes

Tiguan LWB Front-wheel drive 4MOTION with off-road pack

Luggage compartment volume 1065**/340***/1274**** litres 1065**/340***/1274**** litres
Through-load width between wheel 1004mm 1004mm
housings
Fuel tank capacity 58 litres 60 litres

* DIN ≙ Deutsches Institut für Normung (German Institute for Standardisation)

** 5 seat Tiguan LWB
*** 7 seat Tiguan LWB
**** 7 seat Tiguan LWB with third seat row folded down

7
 Introduction

Ground clearance
The following maximum ground clearances vary according to equipment and drive variant:

• Ground clearance underneath the axles

• Front and rear entry/exit angle
• Ground clearance between the axles

Tiguan LWB with front-wheel drive

19,5°

186mm

Ground clearance underneath the axles Breakover angle

Tiguan LWB 4MOTION with off-road pack*

19,5°

186mm

Ground clearance underneath the axles Breakover angle

8
22,2° 18,3° 216mm

Ramp Angle Ground clearance between the axles

s559_034

23,3° 26,2° 216mm

Ramp Angle Ground clearance between the axles

s559_020

9
 Body

Body structure
The body is based on the MQB platform.
Ultra-high-strength hot-formed steels are used just like in the other vehicles that are based on the MQB platorm.
These steels are stronger than conventional steel.

Inner side
member

Roof side
member

Front footwell cross

member

10
 s559_021

Rear longitudinal
member upper section

Strengths of steel sheets

B-pillar
<160 MPa soft steel

<220 MPa high-strength steel

Rear cross member
<420 MPa extra-high-strength steel

<1000 MPa ultra-high-strength steel

Centre tunnel
>1000 MPa ultra-high-strength hot-formed steel

11
 Body assembly

Front bumpers
Like the model assembled in Germany, the Tiguan LWB comes with two different front ends.
The basic difference lies in the two ramp angles.
The two variants are distinguished visually by the following components:

• Bumper cover
• Centre air intake grille
• Front fog light trims

Front end with 18,3° ramp angle

Bumper cover

Centre air
intake grille

Front fog light trim s559_010

Front end with 26,2° ramp angle

This variant is better suited to off-road use due to the greater ramp angle.

Bumper cover

Centre air
intake grille

Front fog light trim s559_012

12
Second and third seat rows
An equipment feature of the Tiguan LWB is its second and third folding seat rows.

Centre seats:
The second seat row can be folded into a position
level with the luggage compartment floor.

s559_053

Rear seats:
Unlike the Tiguan assembled in Germany, the Tiguan
LWB has an optional third seat row made up of two
separate seats which can be folded to a position level
with the luggage compartment floor.

s559_055

Maximum luggage compartment volume:

The backrests for the second and third seat rows can
be folded down at the same time. They then create an
extensive cargo area that maximises the luggage
compartment volume.

s559_057

13
 Body assembly

Diverse assemblies
Panoramic sliding sunroof
The panoramic sliding sunroof consists of two glass panels. The front panel is electrically tilted and opened.
The rear panel is fixed.
An electrically driven blind is fitted for privacy and protection from sunlight.

Rear glass
panel Front glass
panel

s559_029

Ambient lighting
The dimmable ambient lighting on the panoramic sliding sunroof consists of light strips along the sides.

Light strips s559_065

14
Electrically operated tailgate
The Tiguan LWB is available with an electrically operated tailgate.

It is opened and closed with:

• A button on the tailgate

• A button in the door trim
• A button on the remote control key

s559_051
Spindle drive

Tailgate activation
mechanism

You will find further information on the body assembly in Self-Study Programme no. 552 "The Tiguan
2017".

15
 Safety features

Occupant protection
Due to the different market legislations, there are variants on the occupant protection in the Tiguan LWB, for
example:

• North American market

• European market
• Rest of world

Additional features included are:

• Multicollision brake
• ISOFIX child seat retaining rings
• Top Tether System
• Front seatbelts with tensioners

Knee airbag

Driver airbag

Side airbag

16
 Front passenger airbag

Curtain airbag

Rear side airbag

s559_083

You will find further information on the vehicle equipment by consulting the PR numbers in ELSA.

17
 Safety features

Actuators
The differences between the three markets are the following:

Code Component NAR Europe Rest of the

world
N95 Driver airbag igniter ● ● ●
N131 Front passenger airbag igniter 1 ● ● ●
N132 Front passenger airbag igniter 2 ● – –
N295 Driver knee airbag igniter – ● ●
N199 Driver thorax airbag igniter ● ● ●
N200 Front passenger thorax airbag igniter ● ● ●
N251 Driver head curtain airbag igniter ● ● ●
N252 Front passenger head curtain airbag igniter ● ● ●
N201 Driver side rear thorax airbag igniter – ● –
N202 Passenger side rear thorax airbag igniter – ● –
G598 Pedestrian protection trigger 1 – ● –
G599 Pedestrian protection trigger 2 – ● –
N153 Driver seat belt tensioner igniter 1 ● ● ●
N297 Driver (lap) seat belt tensioner igniter 2 ● – –
G551 Driver belt force limiter (igniter) ● – –
N154 Front passenger seat belt tensioner igniter 1 ● ● ●
N298 Front passenger (lap) seat belt tensioner igniter 2 ● – –
G552 Front passenger belt force limiter (igniter) ● – –
N196 Driver side rear seat belt tensioner igniter – ● –
N197 Passenger side rear seat belt tensioner igniter – ● –
Battery interrupt igniter (only for vehicles with battery in spare – ● –
N253
tyre well)
Left front seat belt tensioner control module with adaptive belt – ● –
J854
force limiter (G551)
Right front seat belt tensioner control module with adaptive belt – ● –
J855
force limiter (G552)
K19 Seat belt indicator lamp ● ● ●
K75 Airbag indicator lamp ● ● ●
K145 Front passenger airbag -disabled- indicator lamp ● ● ●

18
Sensors
The differences between the three markets are the following:

Code Component NAR Europe Rest of the

world
J706 Passenger occupant detection system control module ● – –
G452 Passenger occupant detection system pressure sensor ● – –
G128 Front passenger seat occupant detection sensor – ● ●
G190 Front airbag crash sensor – ● ●
G283 Driver front airbag crash sensor ● – –
G284 Passenger side front airbag crash sensor ● – –
G570 Driver side pedestrian protection crash sensor – ● –
G571 Front passenger side pedestrian protection crash sensor – ● –
G693 Pedestrian protection centre crash sensor – ● –
G579 Pressure hose sensor for front pedestrian protection – ● –
G179 Driver thorax airbag crash sensor ● ● ●
G180 Front passenger thorax airbag crash sensor ● ● ●
G256 Driver side rear thorax airbag crash sensor ● ● ●
G257 Passenger side rear thorax airbag crash sensor ● ● ●
G553 Driver seat position sensor ● – –
G554 Front passenger seat position sensor ● – –
E224 Front passenger airbag deactivation key switch – ● ●
E24 Driver seat belt switch ● ● ●
E25 Front passenger seat belt switch ● ● ●
F390 Driver side second row seat belt switch – ● –
F391 Centre second row seat belt switch – ● –
F392 Passenger side second row seat belt switch – ● –
F393 Driver side third row seat belt switch – ● –
F395 Passenger side third row seat belt switch – ● –

● available – unavailable

19
 Safety features

Front passenger seat occupant detection sensor G128

The front passenger seat occupant detection sensor is a new
design, it can be found under the seat metallic frame and
has a new resistance circuit inside.
This sensor informs the airbag control module J234 about
the occupation of the passenger seat and, in case of an
unbuckled seat belt, the seat belt indicator lamp K19 is
activated.
This sensor has the following advantages when compared to
its predecessor:

• Compact and simple function

• Easy removing and installing procedures since it is not
necessary to remove the seat upholstery
• Low repair costs in case of replacement
s559_002

Function and location

The front passenger seat occupant detection sensor is attached to the seat assembly at the bottom of the wire
frame by clips. The seat upholstery and seat cover are located overhead. When a person sits on the seat, the seat
upholstery is pushed downwards by weight force thereby activating the seat occupant detection sensor. When the
person occupying the seat stands up, the seat upholstery rebounds upwards, relieving the load on, and thus
deactivating the seat occupant detection sensor.

Front passenger seat

occupant detection
sensor G128

R1 R1 > R 2 R2

s559_150

20
Reversible electric front seat belt tensioner J854 and J855
The following components are integrated to the vehicle if it is equipped with the reversible electric front seat belt
tensioner:

Front seat belt tensioner control

module J854 or J855 with adaptive
belt force limiter G551 or G552

Front seat belt tensioner

igniter N153 or N154
Electric motor

s559_003

Both front seat belt tensioner control modules J854 and J855 are connected to the airbag control module J234
through the LIN Bus.

Function

In the event of a head-on collision, the airbag control module J234 decides, based on the severity of the impact,
which seat belt tensioners are required (pyrotechnic or reversible). Accordingly, the control module J234 sends a
data signal. The front seat belt tensioner control modules J854 and J855 initiate a reversible full tensioning of the
seat belts based on the data signals.

Three different force levels are available depending on the situation:

• Low force level = belt slack reduction

• Medium force level = pre-tensioning
• High force level = full tensioning

You will find further information on the occupant protection in Self-Study Programme no. 544
"The Passat 2015 — Body and Occupant Protection".

21
 Safety features

Passenger occupant detection system pressure sensor G452 with

passenger occupant detection system control module J706
(NAR market)
The Tiguan LWB uses a new-generation passenger occupant detection system pressure sensor G452. The front
passenger seat heating element Z8 serves not only as a seat heater but also as a sensor mat for seat occupant
detection. As before, capacity sensors are used for the occupant detection and determine if the seat is empty or
occupied by a child, a child seat or an adult.

The passenger occupant detection system control module J706 is linked to the airbag control module J234 by
means of a LIN bus.

Passenger occupant detection

system pressure sensor G452

s559_151

Passenger occupant detection

system control module J706

If any components need to be replaced, consult ETKA for available information on factory settings.
A basic setting procedure must be performed using the "Guided Fault Finding" function.

22
Seat position sensor G553 and G554
The driver and passenger seats are fitted with seat position Hall sensors G553 and G554. The sensors recognize
the seat position and inform the airbag control module J234 about it. The airbag control module J234 uses this
information to activate the seat belt tensioner igniters and the front airbags at the right moment.

Seat in "Front" position Seat in "Back" position

Seat rail on seat

Seat position sensor

Seat rail on vehicle

s559_004

Depending on the seat position, the airbag control module J234 can perform an early activation of the igniter N95
and determine the interval at which the second passenger airbag igniter N132 is ignited after the ignition of the
first one (N131). The ignition times of driver seat belt tensioner igniters N153, N297 and G551 and front
passenger seat belt tensioner igniters N154, N298 and G552 are also controlled. As a result, the restraint systems
are adapted accordingly to the accident situation and seat position.

23
 Safety features

Thoracic and lap seat belt tensioner igniter with force limiter
The thoracic tensioner (N153 for the driver and N154 for the front passenger), the lap tensioners (N297 for the
driver and N298 for the front passenger) and the force limiters (G551 for the driver and G552 for the front
passenger) are installed to the front seats in NAR market vehicles.
Each tensioner has three pyrotechnic charges: one for the thorax, another for the lap and a third one to limit
tensioner force.

(Thoracic) seat belt

tensioner igniter N153

Belt force limiter (igniter)

G551

(Lap) Seat belt tensioner

igniter N297

s559_006

The lap seat belt tensioner in combination with the clamping seat belt buckle, has the following effects for the
passengers wearing a seat belt in case of an accident:

• Separation of the force acting on the pelvis from the force acting on the thorax
• Reduced load on chest
• Reduced load on upper thighs
• Improved interfacing between the pelvis and seat thus reducing forward displacement of the pelvis

24
Accident response sequence
In the event of an accident which meets the criteria for
deployment, the airbag control module deploys the
thoracic seat belt tensioner igniters N153 and N154
and the lap seat belt tensioner igniters N297 and
N298. The seat belt is tensioned from the buckle on
up by the belt tensioner on the automatic belt
retractor. For safety reasons, the belt force is limited
by the belt force limiters G551 and G552. The lap
seat belt tensioner tensions the part of the seat belt
between the occupant’s pelvis and the buckle.
Installation location of the lap seat belt
tensioner
The lap seat belt tensioner is installed in the sill panel.
For this purpose, the lugs on the lap seat belt
tensioner are integrated in the sill panel and the
tensioner is fixed using two bolts.
Coupling
The seat belt is deflected in the final ironwork at the
sill panel and, unlike in other vehicles without lap seat
belt tensioners, is able to move longitudinally.
A coupling is stitched to the end of the seat belt. The
lap seat belt tensioner coupling is inserted into the
seat belt coupling and clipped into place. To insulate
against noise, a foam pad is fitted in the coupling
area.
Seat belt deflector,
with screw
Coupling points
Clamping seat belt buckle
The difference between the clamping seat belt buckle
and a "regular" seat belt buckle is that it locks the belt
in the event of an accident which matches the criteria
for deployment. The result is a load path for the
thorax region and a load path for the pelvic region,
with all the aforementioned benefits for the
occupants.
Function
When the airbag control module J234 ignites the
pyrotechnic propellant charge, the combustion of the
propellant charge leads to a sudden rise in pressure
inside the chamber.
Because the steel cable connects with the coupling to
the seat belt band, it can be pulled in the lap region
up until 100 mm, until the clamping seat belt buckle is
reached. The steel cable and the locking cone, retract
minimally at the end of the displacement, in response
to the displacement of the seat occupant.
Assembly plate
Tensioner tube
s559_008
25
 Power units

Engine and gearbox combinations

Petrol engines 1,4 l 110 kW 2,0 l 132 kW 2,0 l 137 kW 2,0 l 162 kW
TSI engine TSI engine TSI engine TSI engine
CZEA with ACT* CZPA / DGVA DGUA CXDA
CZDA without ACT

Gearbox

6-speed
manual gearbox
MQ350
02Q

6F

6-speed
dual-clutch gearbox
DQ250
02E/0D9***

6F

7-speed
dual-clutch gearbox
DQ500
0BH/0DL***

7A 7A

8-speed
automatic gearbox
AQ450
09P

8F/A

Volkswagen Technical Site: http://vwts.ru http://vwts.info

* Engine with Active Cylinder Management ACT

26
 Diesel engines 2,0 l 110 kW 2,0 l 140 kW 2,0 l 176 kW
TDI engine TDI engine TDI biturbo engine
DFGA / DGBC DFHA CUUA

Gearbox

6-speed
manual gearbox
MQ350
OBB

6F/A**

6-speed
manual gearbox
MQ500
0A6

6A

7-speed
dual-clutch gearbox
DQ500
0BH/0DL***

7F/A** 7A 7A

** 6/7/8F/A = 6/7/8-speed front-wheel drive/all-wheel drive

*** Due to the introduction of the modular transverse matrix, the installation positions of the dual-clutch gearbox
have changed as has communication on the data bus. This has led to a change in the codes used for the dual
clutch gearboxes. The dual clutch gearbox 02E has become the 0D9, and the 0BH has become the 0DL.

27
 Power units

Combinations comparison between the Tiguan assembled in

Germany and the Tiguan LWB
As shown in the two previous tables, the engine and gearbox combinations are, for the most part, already known
from the Tiguan assembled in Germany.

More information can be found regarding Tiguan engine and gearbox combinations in Self-Study
Programme no. 552 "The Tiguan 2017".

The Tiguan LWB is equipped with a new engine and

gearbox combination, which complies with the
emission standards set by different markets.

This combination consists of a new 2,0 l; 137 kW TSI

engine and a new 8-speed automatic gearbox from
the Japanese supplier AISIN. The combination was
developed to fulfil the demands of fuel mileage and
torque-power output delivery that, with its 8 gear
stages, helps the engine reach its optimum
performance operation range with ease.

28
2,0 l 137 kW TSI engine
The basic engine is based on the 2,0 l TSI 132 kW TSI engine. In this series, the engine has been subjected to
consumption-reducing measures, including a Miller combustion cycle optimised by Volkswagen.

Technical features

• Electronic valvelift system on intake side

• Three-part oil scraper ring
• New inlet port, combustion chamber and piston
design
• Air mass meter G70
• Engine control unit with four core processors
• Unique TSI injection system
• Injection pressure increased to 250 bar

s559_035

More information about this engine can

be found in Self-Study Programme no.
554 "The 2,0 l 132 kW TSI Engine".

Technical data
Engine code DGUA

Type 4-cylinder in-line engine

Torque and power diagram
Displacement 1984cm3 Nm kW
460 200
Bore 82,5mm

Stroke 92,8mm 420 180

Valves per cylinder 4 380 160

Compression ratio 11,65:1 340 140

Maximum output 137kW at 4400-6000 rpm
300 120
Maximum torque 300Nm at 1600-4300 rpm
260 100
Engine management Bosch MG1
system 220 80

Fuel Unleaded 95 Octane 180 60

Exhaust gas treatment 3-way catalytic converter, a

140 40
broadband lambda sensor
before the turbocharger and a
100 20
binary lambda sensor after the
catalytic converter
s559_026 2000 4000 6000 rpm
Emission standard LEV3 / Tier3 30

29
 Power transmission

The 8-speed automatic transmission 09P

The Tiguan LWB is equipped with a new 8-speed

automatic transmission 09P.

Technical data

Manufacturer AISIN AW CO., LTD. Japan

Production designation AQ450

Service designation 09P

ATF specification G 055025 A2

Filling quantity 7,0 litres, filled for life

Service interval unforeseen

s559_013

The 8-speed automatic transmission 09P is a further
development of the 6-speed automatic transmission
09G/09M.
The transmission can be supplied with either a front-
wheel drive or a 4MOTION configuration.
With eight forward gears and a more refined shift
strategy, exhaust emissions and fuel consumption
have been reduced.
The gear changes across the eight forward gear
stages are executed via a modified planetary set.
The automatic gearbox 09P is designed to support a
Start-Stop System through the use of a new Electro-
Magnetic Oil Pump (EMOP) solenoid, which keeps the
first gear clutch engaged during its function, thus
ensuring a smooth transition to a started engine with
immediate take-off from a switched-off engine.

30
Clutches and brakes application in the 8-speed transmission 09P
The following table shows the application of clutches and brakes according to the connected gear.

Gear Components
K1 K2 K3 K4 B1 B2 F
I ● – – – – * ●
II ● – – – ● – –
III ● – ● – – – –
IV ● – – ● – – –
V ● ● – – – – –
VI – ● – ● – – –
VII – ● ● – – – –
VIII – ● – – ● – –
Reverse – – ● – – ● –
gear

● applied – not applied

Where:

• The letter "K" designates the different multi-plate clutches (from 1 to 4)

• The term B1 designates the band brake
• The term B2 designates a multi-plate brake
• The letter "F" designates the freewheel mechanism

* Engine brake, the braking effect caused by the engine is achieved by selecting first gear in Tiptronic mode to
overcome certain driving situations, like steep downhill slopes.

The multi-plate brake B2 is only closed in first gear in Tiptronic mode. This configuration is also known as first gear
manual.

31
 Running gear

Running gear and driver assistance systems at a glance

The Tiguan LWB is offered with two running gear variants:

• Front-wheel drive running gear

• 4MOTION drive running gear

Running gear:
• McPherson strut front suspension
• Four-link rear axle in two variants: front-wheel
drive and 4MOTION drive
• Fifth generation all-wheel drive coupling
• Four driving profiles
• Electromechanical parking brake (EPB) with
AutoHold function
• Electromechanical steering with parallel-axis drive
(APA) with integrated steering angle sensor
• Continental MK 100 ABS/ESC anti-lock brake
system

32
You will find further information on the running gear and driver assistance systems in Self-Study
Programme no. 552 "The Tiguan 2017".

Driver assistance systems:

• Area monitoring system (Front Assist) with:
- City Emergency Braking System
- Pedestrian detection
• Adaptive cruise control (ACC)
• Lane departure warning system (Lane Assist) with:
- Emergency Assist
- Traffic Jam Assist
• Lane change assistant (Side Assist) with:
- Rear Traffic Alert
• Park assist steering, PLA 3.0 (Park Assist) and
parking aid, PDW with:
- Manoeuvre braking
• Reversing camera (Rear View)
• Tyre Pressure Loss Indicator, TPLI+ or
Tyre Pressure Monitoring System, TPMS
• Multicollision brake (Automatic Post-Collision
Braking System)
• Driver Alert System

s559_171

33
 Heating and air conditioning

Air conditioning
The Tiguan LWB is available with 3 climate control system versions:

• Manually/electrically controlled air conditioning system

• 2-zone Climatronic
• 3-zone Climatronic

s559_037

34
Manually/electrically controlled air conditioning system

This version is already known from the Golf 2013.

Button for AC button with Immediate heat button for the

seat heating indicator LED auxiliary heater

s559_030

Rotary knob for Rotary knob for fresh air Rotary knob for air
temperature selection blower distribution

2-zone Climatronic
This version is also already known from the Golf 2013.

Immediate heat button for the Button for seat heating

auxiliary heater

s559_031

Rotary knob for the left-hand Rotary knob for the blower Rotary knob for the right-hand climate
climate zone temperature setting strength setting zone temperature setting

35
 Heating and air conditioning

3-zone Climatronic
This version is already known from the Tiguan 2017.

Front operating and display unit

s559_145

Rear operating and display unit

s559_147

Depending on the market, two different refrigerants are available:

• R134a
• R1234yf

Additionally, both Climatronic systems have a "MENU" function integrated to them, with which the settings of the
air conditioning can be adjusted via the infotainment system display.

s559_014

You will find further information on the R1234yf refrigerant in Self-Study Programme no. 552 "The
Tiguan 2017".

36
Auxiliary heater
For some markets with extremely cold weather, a fuel-operated stationary auxiliary heater is available. This
enables the vehicle interior to be pre-heated in the case of low exterior temperatures.
The auxiliary heater is actuated with the radio remote control or with the aid of the Infotainment system.
The following settings are possible with the use of the "Auxiliary heater" menu, located under the Infotainment
system:

• Activation/deactivation of the auxiliary heater

• Run time programming (activation via the radio remote control or via "Immediate activation")
• Timer Programming (the point in time at which the interior is to be heated is programmed)

Components

The auxiliary heater control module works with the

following components: R149

• J364 Auxiliary heater control module

• Q8 Glow plug with flame monitoring Integrated
components
• V6 Combustion air blower
• G189 Overheat sensor
• G18 Temperature sensor

The auxiliary heater also includes the auxiliary coolant

s559_152
heater radio frequency receiver R149.

Operative modes

The system has two different operative modes:

• Defrost: the power of the auxiliary heater is limited to defrost the windows and offer the driver a clear view. The
energy consumption is kept at its lowest level.
• Comfort: The heating cycle is increased while at the same time the air distribution to the interior of the vehicle is
allowed, so the passengers find a pleasant temperature when they get into the vehicle.

You will find further information on the auxiliary heater in Self-Study Programme no. 449 "The Touareg
2011".

37
 Electrical system

Locations of electrical components

An alternator with an output of 110 A, 140 A or Alternator
180 A is used according to the equipment.
The following battery types with capacities between
44 Ah and 72 Ah can also be fitted:
• Lead-acid battery
• EFB (Enhanced Flooded Battery)
• AGM (Absorbent Glass Mat)

Depending on the equipment and the power unit, the

12-V battery is installed in the engine compartment or
the spare tyre well. E-box

12-V battery in engine compartment

The power is distributed in the vehicle via three fuse
holders or relay and fuse carriers:
• Multi-fuse pre-fuse holder SA on the relay and
fuse carrier SR1 in the E-box in the engine
compartment
• Fuse holder SB on the relay and fuse carrier SR1 in
the E-box
• Fuse holder SC on the relay and fuse carrier SR2
on left under the dash panel, behind the storage Multi-fuse pre-fuse holder Fuse holder SB
SA on relay and fuse on relay and fuse carrier
compartment
carrier SR1 SR1

12-V battery in engine compartment

There is no 12-V battery in the spare tyre
You will find further information on the well when the 12-V battery is fitted in
the engine compartment.
whole "Electrical system" chapter in Self-
Study Programme no. 553
"The Tiguan 2017 – Electrical system and
Infotainment".

38
 12-V battery in spare tyre well
with main fuse box
There is no 12-V battery in the engine
compartment when the 12-V battery is
fitted in the spare tyre well.

Fuse holder SC on
relay and fuse carrier
SR2

s559_009

12-V battery in spare tyre well

The battery is fitted in the spare tyre well. The power is distributed in the vehicle via four fuse holders or relay and
fuse carriers:
• Multi-fuse pre-fuse holder SA on the relay and fuse carrier SR1 in the E-box in the engine compartment
• Fuse holder SB on the relay and fuse carrier SR1 in the E-box
• Fuse holder SC on the relay and fuse carrier SR2 on the left under the dash panel, behind the storage
compartment
• Fuse holder SD in the main fuse box

The battery isolation igniter N253 is located in the main fuse box. The electrical supply to the engine compartment,
with the exception of the control units for ABS J104 and power steering J400 is cut off by the igniter N253 and
when an airbag is deployed. The vehicle can thus still be steered and braked.

39
 Electrical system

Overview of the data bus system used

All CAN bus systems have a transmission speed of 500 kbit/s.
The number of components communicated through LIN data buses has increased, these components transmit at a
speed of 19,2 kbit/s.
A new MOST150 data bus with fibre optic technology and a transfer speed of 150 mbit/s is available.
A new VAS 6770 diagnosis system is necessary.
The data bus diagnostic interface J533 is linked directly to some LIN data buses.

CAN bus CAN bus CAN bus MOST150 data CAN bus
Powertrain Running gear Convenience bus Infotainment

CAN bus
Diagnosis

s559_080

LIN bus CAN bus

Extended

Key

J533 Data bus diagnostic interface

CAN bus wire

LIN bus wire

MOST fibre optic cable

40
Headlights
Three different versions of the headlights based on the MQB are available:
• Halogen headlights
• "Basic" LED headlights
• "Mid" LED headlights with Dynamic Light Assist
Use of Dynamic Light Assist varies according to market.

Halogen headlights
Main beam Dipped beam
H7 (55W) H7 (55W)

s559_109

Turn signal Daytime running light (24W)/

PY21W (21W) side light (10W)
PW24W

"Basic" LED headlights

Main beam module 18W Reflectors Dipped beam module 21W

s559_111

Turn signal 7W Daytime running light 3,5W Daytime running light 3,5W
Side light (dimmed) 0,35W Side light (dimmed) 0,35W

41
 Electrical system

"Mid" LED headlights

The "Mid" LED headlights also have the following functions:

• Dynamic cornering light (AFS)

• Dynamic Light Assist
Use of the function varies according to market.

LED unit for Turn signal 7W LED unit for dipped beam 17W
additional main beam 5W and main beam 10W

LED unit for static

cornering light 9W

s559_113

L signature for side and daytime running light U signature for side and daytime running lights
8W daytime running light and 4W daytime running light and
0,8W for side light (dimmed) 0,4W for side light (dimmed)

The LED unit for the dipped beam and the main beam uses the LED lens technology. The LEDs project their light
through a lens.
The "Mid" headlights also have an LED unit for an additional main beam using reflector technology.
The LED unit for additional main beam supports the LED unit for dipped beam and main beam during main beam
usage.
The "Mid" headlights also feature dynamic headlight range control.

42
Tail light clusters
The tail light clusters use exclusively LED technology. There are two versions: "Basic" and "High".
Both types of tail light cluster are split into a fixed section and a section on the rear lid.

"Basic" tail lights

Tail light/brake light 0,4W/8W Tail light 2W

s559_115

Rear fog light 3W (one side, left)

Reversing light 5W (one side, right)
Turn signal (W21W, 21W)

"High" tail light

Tail light 3W Tail light 3W

Turn signal 4W

s559_117

Rear fog light 3W

(one side)

Reversing light 4W Brake light 6W

(both sides)

43
 Electrical system

Dash panel insert

Three dash panel inserts are available according to the equipment level of the vehicle:

Medium dash panel insert

Functions and characteristics

• Black and white TFT centre display with a

resolution of 320 x 240 pixels
• Analogue gauges for rev counter, speed, coolant
temperature and fuel
• Multifunction display with vehicle information
s559_199

Colour dash panel insert

Functions and characteristics

The same functions as the Medium plus:

• Colour TFT centre display
• Screen transitions with animations

s559_197

Active Info Display (AID) dash panel insert

In the Active Info Display (AID), the analogue dial

gauges are shown only virtually. The driver
information display can be customised to show
additional data for the driving, navigation and driver
assist functions in the middle areas of the
speedometer and the rev counter.

s559_183

You will find further information on the Active Info Display dash panel insert in Self-Study Programme
no. 552 "The Tiguan 2017".

44
Immobiliser and component protection
The Tiguan LWB is equipped with the 5th generation immobiliser and component protection.

s559_016

Key
J234 Airbag control unit J794 Control unit 1 for information electronics
J285 Control unit in dash panel insert RX6 TV tuner
J362 Immobiliser control unit Immobiliser subscriber
J428 Adaptive cruise control unit Component protection subscriber
J519 Onboard supply control unit Powertrain CAN bus
J525 Digital sound package control unit CAN bus extended
J533 Data bus diagnostic interface Convenience CAN bus
J623 Engine control unit Infotainment CAN bus
J743 Mechatronic unit for dual clutch gearbox MOST bus
J764 Control unit for electronic steering column lock CAN bus wire
J769 Lane change assist control unit MOST fibre optic cable
J770 Lane change assist control unit 2

When terminal 15 is switched on, all corresponding control units are checked for component protection. If the
result of the check is negative, the respective control unit will block its function partly or completely (e.g. the radio
can be switched on, but the amplifier stage is blocked).
The component protection function then needs to be initiated online using the vehicle diagnostic tester.
This online connection is made to the FAZIT database. This is both responsible for enabling the component
protection and also for all adaptations of the immobiliser components.

45
 Electrical system

Head-up display (HUD)

The Head-up display is a projection system that projects a virtual image with current driving information into the
driver’s extended field of vision.
It shows the speed, navigation information, driver assist information and warnings. This allows you to read the
displayed information without taking your eyes off the road. The information is projected onto a glass screen that
rises out of the dash panel.

Main purposes
• Project relevant information for the driver on the
windscreen area, allowing the driver to be
informed about basic situations or safety warnings
without taking the eyes off the road
• Significant rise of the driver comfort and safety.
The system has a dimmer to make it readable at
day or night, alternative colours for driving in
snow and a display opening/closing motor V301,
among others

s559_139

Relevant projections
• Speed
• Navigation
• ACC/CCS
• Traffic sign recognition
• "Front Assist" warning
• Driver alert system

s559_023

46
Function
The Head-up Display is created by a lighting unit shining through a TFT display from behind. The light beams are
projected onto a specially shaped glass screen (combiner) via an internal folding mirror. The glass screen
(combiner) is raised by a control motor and is used to adjust the display height.

Field of vision
Virtual image of Head-up Display Glass screen
(Combiner)

TFT display
Folding mirror

Light source
s559_024

Key
J285 Instrument cluster control module
J400 Wiper motor control module
J519 Vehicle electrical system control module
J527 Steering column electronics control module
J533 Data bus on board diagnostic interface
G397 Rain/light recognition sensor
J898 Windshield projection head up display control
module (Head-up Display)
E837 Windshield projection control unit
E836 Windshield projection door stop switch
G900 Windshield projection door sensor
V591 Windshield Projection Door Motor

s559_032

47
 Infotainment

Overview of electrical system and infotainment systems

The chart shows the systems that are related between electrical system and infotainment.
These systems may vary according to market and equipment level.

• Dash panel insert

Ranging from the Medium dash panel insert to the Active
Info Display

• Keyless Access and Start System

Start System as standard and Keyless Access
including the electrically operated tailgate

• Head-up Display
Active safety system that shows
important information about the
vehicle directly into the driver’s
field of vision

• Fifth generation immobiliser

Protects the most important components of the vehicle, such as:
– Instrument cluster control module (J285)
– Engine control module (J623)
– Dual-clutch transmission Mechatronic (J743)
– Information electronics control module (J794)

48
 • MIB Generation 2
Available screen sizes ranging from 6,5" to 9,2" with
function buttons and App-Connect

• Easy Open and delayed closing

The "Easy Open and delayed closing"
function enables opening and closing
the electrically operated tailgate
without any contact via the recognition
of a specific movement

• Exit concept
Warns the driver in case of leaving the vehicle
with terminal 15 switched on and automatically
activates the Electromechanical Parking Brake
(EPB)

• Reversing camera
s559_027
With washer jet that improves visibility
while reversing, thus easing parking
manoeuvres

• Personalisation
Personalisation allows the different users of a
vehicle to access their personal settings without
having to repeatedly change the respective
vehicle settings

49
 Infotainment

Infotainment CAN bus

Depending on the equipment, The Tiguan LWB can be equipped with the MOST150 for data exchange on some
infotainment systems.
The MIB CAN bus sub-network and the LVDS bus are connected to the infotainment CAN bus.
The video signal from the reversing camera is transferred via the CVBS (FBAS in German) bus to the information
electronics control module J794.

s559_022

MOST150 data bus Key

J364 Auxiliary heater control module
The MOST connection is used for rapid transfer of J412 Cell phone operating electronics control module
multimedia data, in particular image, video and audio J525 Digital sound system control module
files, via a fibre optic cable. Transferring data with the J533 Data bus on board diagnostic interface
aid of fibre optic cables enables a data transfer rate of J285 Instrument cluster control module
150 Mbit/s. J794 Information electronics control module
The data exchange between the following participating R Radio (connection with J794)
components occurs on the optical MOST bus: R64 Parking heater radio receiver
RX6 TV tuner
• Instrument cluster control module J285 (only with the R189 Reversing camera
Active Info Display dash panel insert) MIB Modular infotainment matrix CAN bus
• Digital sound system control module J525 FBAS Colour video blanking signal (CVBS)
• TV tuner RX6 Convenience CAN bus
• Information electronics control module J794 Infotainment CAN bus
The information electronics control module J794 is the
MOST bus
function and diagnosis master for the MOST bus ring.
MOST fibre optic cable

CAN bus wire

50
MIB Components
The Tiguan LWB features infotainment systems from the second generation of the modular infotainment matrix. The
following versions are available: Composition Colour, Composition Media, Discover Media and Discover Pro.

Composition Colour
Technical features Front view of Composition Colour

• Touch-sensitive 6,5" TFT colour display with a

resolution of 800 x 480 pixels
• Output power of 4 x 20 watts
• Support of MP3, WMA
• SD card reader

s559_153
Optional (depending on the market) CD player R89

• CD drive with MP3 and WMA support in the glove

compartment
• 8 loudspeakers
• "Comfort" preparation for mobile telephone

s559_154

51
 Infotainment

Composition Media
Technical features Front view of Composition Media

• Touch-sensitive 8,0" TFT crystal colour display with

a resolution of 800 x 480 pixels
• Proximity sensors
• Output power of 4 x 20 watts
• 8 loudspeakers
• SD card reader
• Connection for external audio sources (AUX-IN)
• "Basic" preparation for mobile telephone with
Bluetooth profiles: HFP, PBAP, A2DP, AVRCP, MAP
• CD drive with MP3 and WMA support s559_155
• JPEG viewer

Information electronics control module J794

Optional (depending on the market)

• Reversing camera display

s559_156
• Voice control
• Car-Net: App-Connect
• "Comfort" preparation for mobile telephone
• USB multimedia interface with iPhone/iPod
support
• DAB+

52
Discover Media
Technical features Front view of Discover Media

• Touch-sensitive 8,0" TFT crystal colour display with

a resolution of 800 x 480 pixels
• Proximity sensors
• Output power of 4 x 20 watts
• 8 loudspeakers
• 2 x SD card readers
• Connection for external audio sources (AUX-IN)
• Preparation for mobile telephone with Bluetooth
profiles
• CD drive with MP3, ACC, WMA support s559_157
• Navigation function
– Personal Points of Interest (POI)
– Preset POI Information electronics control module J794
– 2D/3D map
– Provision of traffic data
– Mapcare (navigation update)
• JPEG viewer
• USB 1 multimedia interface with iPhone/iPod
support
s559_158

You will find further information on the

Optional (depending on the market) navigation function in Self-Study
Programme no. 546 "The Passat 2015
• Reversing camera display Infotainment and Car-Net".
• Voice control
• Car-Net
– App-Connect
– Guide & Inform
• "Comfort" preparation for mobile telephone
• USB 2 multimedia interface with iPhone/iPod
support and USB 3 for battery charge only
• DAB+

53
 Infotainment

Discover Pro
Technical features Front view of Discover Pro

• Touch-sensitive 9,2" TFT crystal colour display with

gesture control and a resolution of 1280 x 640
pixels
• Proximity sensors
• Output power of 4 x 20 watts
• 8 loudspeakers
• 2 x SD card readers
• Connection for external audio sources (AUX-IN)
• Preparation for mobile telephone with Bluetooth
profiles s559_159
• CD/DVD drive
• Navigation function
– Personal Points of Interest (POI) Information electronics control module J794
– Preset POI
– 3D map
– Provision of traffic data
– Mapcare (navigation update)
– Rubber band
• Internal memory of 32 GB
s559_160
• WLAN
• JPEG viewer
• USB 1 and USB 2 multimedia interface with
iPhone/iPod support and USB 3 for battery charge
only

Optional (depending on the market)

• Reversing camera display

• Voice control
• TV reception/DAB+
• "Comfort" mobile telephone interface
• "Business" mobile telephone interface
(with integrated SIM card reader)
• Car-Net
– App-Connect
– Guide & Inform
• Volkswagen Media Control

54
 Car-Net

Mobile online services

Depending on the market, the Tiguan LWB can be
equipped with the following functions:

• Guide & Inform

• App-Connect (no changes) Guide & Inform
• Security & Service App-Connect
Security & Service
s559_112

Requirements
Car-Net Guide & Inform is only available in the Discover Media and Discover Pro navigation systems.
The user needs to select Guide & Inform directly during vehicle configuration. Retrofitting is not possible.

Car-Net App-Connect is available in the Composition Media, Discover Media and Discover Pro.
It is possible to retrofit the Car-Net App-Connect function.

In order to use Car-Net Security & Service, the emergency call module control unit and communication unit J949,
the three-button module and an emergency call loudspeaker need to be installed.
Car-Net Security & Service cannot be retrofitted.

The Car-Net Security & Service is available in two different versions, one for the European market and another for
the North American market.

The apps and online functions vary from country to country and according to the equipment level.
Please refer to the information page at www.volkswagen-carnet.com to find out which Car-Net
functions will be available in your market.

You will find further information on the mobile online services in Self-Study Programme no. 553
"The Tiguan 2017. Electrical System and Infotainment".

55
 Car-Net

Security & Service

The following components are installed in the Tiguan LWB for the "Security & Service" function:

Design

The three-button module is installed in the roof

console. The buttons are used to make
information, breakdown and emergency calls.
The buttons need to be pressed and held
briefly in order to set up the connection.
(NAR market equipment)

The infotainment system loudspeakers are

used for the emergency call and
breakdown call.
If the infotainment system fails (e.g. after
an accident), the additional loudspeaker
for telematics will be used. This speaker is
directly connected to J949.

You will find further information on the European OCU version in Self-Study Programme no. 553
"The Tiguan 2017 Electrical System and Infotainment".

56
The hands-free system microphone will be
used for communication.
The microphone is connected directly to the
emergency call module control unit and
communication unit J949.

The emergency call module control unit

and communication unit J949 uses the
roof aerial RX5.

s559_028

The battery allows J949 to make

an emergency call even when the
power supply to the control unit is
interrupted.

The emergency call module control unit

and communication unit J949 is located
below the dash panel on the fuse carrier.
This now has an emergency battery.

57
 Car-Net

Emergency call module

The Car-Net Security & Service allows to seek for help or information on some events, such as, a system fault or an
accident.
This system uses an information electronics control module J794, and a control module for emergency call module
and communication unit J949.
There is an emergency battery mounted on the control unit, this allows to perform an emergency call if the 12-V
electrical system is out of service.
If the battery needs to be replaced a notification will be shown.

1 2
s559_019
Key
1 Information call
Voice connection to Volkswagen AG hotline
2 Breakdown call
Voice connection to the Volkswagen road-side
assistant, some vehicle and position data (GPS position
and direction) is transmitted parallel to the voice call
3 Emergency call
Voice connection to the emergency call centre, some
vehicle and position data (GPS position, direction,
number of passengers, model and VIN) is transmitted
parallel to the voice call
3
4 Indicator lamp (LED)
Green - system online
Red - system error

58
 Glossary

ACC DAB
(Adaptive Cruise Control) (Digital Audio Broadcasting)
Abbreviation for the automatic adaptive cruise Radio channel broadcast digitally by radio stations.
control system. DAB+ is a further development of digital radio, which
was introduced in 2011 in Germany.
AGM
(Absorbent Glass Mat) Driver Alert System
Abbreviation for a type of battery in which the Electronic driver assist system which alerts the driver
electrolyte is held in micro-glass fibre mats. to decreasing attentiveness.

AID Dynamic Light Assist

(Active Info Display) An assistance system for controlling the headlight
System that shows information in the driver’s field of beam pattern, for example to avoid dazzling
vision. approaching traffic when the main beam headlights
are being used.
APA
(Elektromechanische Lenkung mit Achs-Parallelem Easy Open
Antrieb) Hands free (foot operated) tailgate opening system.
German abbreviation for electromechanical steering
with parallel-axis drive. EFB
(Enhanced Flooded Battery)
App-Connect Abbreviation for the improved form of a wet battery.
Interface for a smartphone connection, the functions
can be visualized in the infotainment screen. FAZIT
(Fahrzeug Auskunft und zentrales Identifikations-Tool
AVRCP = vehicle information and central identification tool).
(Audio Video Remote Control Profile) This central database at Volkswagen contains all
Bluetooth profile for remote control of audio and theft-relevant control unit data integrated into the
video devices. "immobiliser" function.

A2DP HFP
(Advanced Audio Distribution Profile) (Hands-free profile)
A cross-manufacturer technology that permits wireless Bluetooth standard for hands-free system.
transmission of stereo and audio signals via Bluetooth
to a corresponding receiver. Homelink®
Wireless control system that opens and closes
Blind Spot Sensor or Side Assist automatic garage doors.
(Lane change assist)
Driver assistance system that supports the driver Keyless
during overtaking and lane changing manoeuvres. Keyless access and starting system.

Car-Net® LVDS
Services and apps available for Volkswagen vehicles (Low Voltage Differential Signaling)
from a smartphone. Standard interface for high speed data transmission.

LWB
Long Wheel Base.

59
 Glossary

Mapcare Rubber band

Free navigation updates. Enables to change the active route by touching the
map and dragging it with the finger.
MIB
(Modular infotainment matrix) SD card
Designation for a modular system used by many (Secure Digital card)
brands and models for the vehicle’s infotainment Small and robust memory cards, e.g. for digital
components. cameras.

MirrorLink TFT
App-Connect function that allows to duplicate the
(Thin Film Transistor)
contents of a smartphone on the infotainment display.
Abbreviation for a flat screen with a transistor display
MOST matrix.

(Media Oriented Systems Transport) TPLI

This is a serial bus system for transmitting audio,
video, speech and data signals. Volkswagen currently (Tyre Pressure Loss Indicator)
uses fibre optic cable for this bus system. Assistance system which alerts the driver to deviations
in the tyre pressures from the preset figure on all four
MQB wheels.
(Modular transverse matrix)
TPMS
Designation for a modular system used by many
brands and models in vehicle development and (Tyre Pressure Monitoring System)
production. Assist system that informs the driver about the current
tyre pressures. It is a directly measuring system. If the
OCU tyre inflation pressure is too low or there is a rapid
Online Connectivity Unit. pressure loss, the driver is warned by optical and/or
acoustic signals.
Park assist
Traffic Alert
(Park assist steering)
Driver assist system which actively supports the driver When reversing out of a perpendicular parking
when parking or leaving a parking space, depending space, this system warns the driver about moving
on the system version. objects in the area behind the vehicle.

PBAP VIN

(Phone Book Access Profile) Abbreviation for vehicle identification number.

Bluetooth profile that permits access to the phone
Volkswagen Media Control
book of the mobile phone.
This app allows the user to control the radio and
PDW navigation systems remotely from a tablet.
(Parking distance warning system)
Parking aid which uses ultrasonic and radar sensors
to monitor the area around the vehicle for potential
obstacles.

60
61
 Notes

62
63
 559

© VOLKSWAGEN AG, Wolfsburg

All rights reserved. Subject to technical modifications.
000.2813.16.20 Technical status 06/2017

Volkswagen Academy, Sales & Service, México

After Sales Qualification
Buzón 9810
Mex-72700 Puebla

❀ This paper was manufactured from pulp that was bleached without the use of chlorine.