HISTORY, ARCHITECTURE AND LANDMARKS AMRITSAR, PUNJAB, INDIA

HISTORY

The history of Amritsar goes back to the time of Indus Valley
Civilization and finds its existence in the legend of Ramayana,
for being the birthplace of Luv and Kush. In the 16th century
the city was finally linked with the teachings of Sikhism. The
foundation of the Darbar Sahib was laid by Guru Arjan Sahib
on January 3, 1588, and by 1601, it was fully completed.
Located in the Punjab state of India it derives its name from
Amrit Sarovar, which is the holy pool around the Golden
Temple. Starting from April 13, 1634, till 1709 Darbar Sahib
became prey to the bad intentions of Afghan army who
demolished it several times. Then in 1765, the shrine was
re-constructed.
In 1846, the British settled in the Lahore Darbar, and, started
frequently visiting Amritsar. Under there regime Amritsar witnessed
many changes as a Municipal Committee was set, the first Sikh
college Khalsa College was established and the city was electrified. In
September 1915, Amritsar was christened as a "Holy City" by the
British government.

LANDMARKS ❖ JALLIANWALA BAGH ❖ KHALSA COLLEGE

❖ THE GOLDEN TEMPLE

• The structure dates back to the 16th
century
• 150 sq.m lake known as a Sarovar
• The temple is built on a 67 sq. ft platform
• Approached by a 60m causeway
• The Darshani Deorhi Arch stands at the
beginning of the causeway, measuring 6.2m
high and 6 m wide.
• The main structure is three storeys high.
• A low-fluted golden dome sits at top, with
a lotus petal motif in relief at the base.
• The symbolic openness of the Sikhs is
represented by the four entrances ❖ GOBINDGARH FORT ❖ WAGAH BORDER ❖ RAM TIRATH MANDIR
• THE SYMBOL OF PUNJAB

ARCHITECTURE DECORATIVE SCULPTURES AT THE ❖ MUGHAL STYLE ❖ BRITISH STYLE

ENTRANCE OF A TRADITIONAL
• The architectural style of Golden • Influence of British style of
The shifts in architectural styles of HOUSE
Temple is heavily influenced by architecture:
the various periods are evident.
Mughal architecture. The onion • pediments
❖ RAJPUTANA STYLE dome, frescoes, in-lay work, and • colonnaded verandas
• Jharokhas, • Domes multi-foil arches, are Mughal • entrance porches
• Colorful motifs • Arches influences, more specially from Shah • The Khalsa College best example
• Sculptures • Chhattris Jahan’s period. of Indo-British architecture BRITISH ENTRANCE PORCH

GURDWARA SARAGARHI SCULPTURES LOW-FLUTED GOLD DOME THE TOWN HALL WITH ITS COLONNADED VERANDAH

URBAN HAAT
SHOWCASING A
BLEND OF
MUGHAL,
RAJPUTANA AND
BRITISH
ARCHITECTURE IN
ITS DESIGN
JHAROKHAS UDASIN ASHRAM AKHARA MUGHAL STYLE ARCHES
SUBMITTED BY: MANMEET SINGH(11717499)
SANGALWALA-CHHATTRIS MANEESHANA BANTA(11713390)
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN- VII SOURCES: https://campus.iitgn.ac.in/ TARANBIR SINGH(11713444)
(ARC 405) A1703, B.ARCH, 4TH YEAR
LSAD
 HISTORY, ARCHITECTURE AND LANDMARKS AMRITSAR, PUNJAB, INDIA
DEVELOPMENT PATTERN OF AMRITSAR

1575 AMRIT SAROVAR AS THE CENTRAL 1804- SMALL TOWNSHIP CALLED RAMDASPUR IN THE 18 CENTURYHAVELIS, BUNGAS AND
NUCLEUS DEVELOPED AROUND AMRIT SAROVAR RESIDENTIAL DISTRICTS (KATRAS) ESTABLISGED
AROUND THE GOLDEN TEMPLE

MIDDLE OF 19TH CENTURY, THE CITY OF
AMRITSAR WAS A WELL FORMED ENTITY
WITH A STRONG HISTORIC CORE IN THE
HEART OF THE CITY AND ON THE OUTSKIRTS
SURROUNDED BY A GREEN BELT OF
GARDENS THAT ACTED AS AN INTERFACE
BETWEEN THE CITY AND THE COUNTRY SIDE
DURING COLONIAL RULE CBD WAS FORMED CURRENT SCENARIO- THE COMMERCIAL ACTIVITY
AROUND THE RELIGIOUS PLACES AND NEW INVADED THE THICKLY POPULATED WALLED
RAILWAY LINES WERE CONSTRUCTED CITY AND AS A RESULT OF THE OLD HOLY CITY OF
AMRITSAR WAS CONVERTED INTO C.B.D. OF THE
RESIDENCES COMMERCIAL GREEN REGION
SPACES

WALLED CITY OF AMRITSAR

VOIDS BUILT FORM

PLAN OF GURU BAZAAR SHOWING THE BUILT FORM OF THE STREET SECTIONS OF COMPACT STREETS CREATING A SENSE OF ENCLOSURE

CONSTRUCTIO
N OF CURVED TANGIBLE AND INTANGIBLE HERITAGE
WALL USING
THE ❖ INTANGIBLE HERITAGE ❖ TANGIBLE HERITAGE
TRADITIONAL ▪ LANGUAGE ▪ GOLDEN TEMPLE
NANAKSHAHI ▪ FOOD ▪ TRADITIONAL MARKETS
BRICKS ▪ PERFORMING ARTS AND KATRAS
▪ SOCIAL PRACTICES, ▪ FORTIFICATION AND
RITUALS AND FESTIVALS GATES OF WALLED CITY
▪ TRADITIONAL ▪ RAMBAGH GARDEN AND
CRAFTSMANSHIP GATE
▪ GOBINDGARH FORT
▪ JALLIANWALA BAGH
▪ DURGIANA TEMPLE
▪ ATTARI BORDER
▪ RAM TIRATH TEMPLE
▪ THE ARCHITECTURAL
STYLE

ENTRANCE GATE VIEW OF THE STREET PHULKARI DUPATTA SUBMITTED BY: MANMEET SINGH(11717499)
MANEESHANA BANTA(11713390)
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN- VII SOURCES: https://campus.iitgn.ac.in/ TARANBIR SINGH(11713444)
(ARC 405) A1703, B.ARCH, 4TH YEAR
LSAD