(VWXGLRVHFRQyPLFRV\VRFLDOHVGHODSURGXFFLyQSHFXDULD

Œ8QLYHUVLGDG$XWyQRPD&KDSLQJR
&DUUHWHUD0p[LFR7H[FRFRNP
&KDSLQJR(VWDGRGH0p[LFR

3ULPHUDHGLFLyQMXQLRGH

,6%1
'HSDUWDPHQWRGH=RRWHFQLD
7HO
)D[

6HDXWRUL]DHOXVRGHODLQIRUPDFLyQFRQWHQLGDHQHVWHOLEURSDUDILQHVGHHQVHxDQ]DLQYHVWLJDFLyQ\
GLIXVLyQGHOFRQRFLPLHQWRVLHPSUH\FXDQGRVHKDJDUHIHUHQFLDDODSXEOLFDFLyQ\VHGHQORVFUpGLWRV
FRUUHVSRQGLHQWHVDFDGDDXWRUFRQVXOWDGR

(OFRQWHQLGRGHFDGDFDStWXORHVUHVSRQVDELOLGDGH[FOXVLYDGHVXVDXWRUHV

3DUD PD\RU LQIRUPDFLyQ FRQ UHVSHFWR D HVWD SXEOLFDFLyQ FRPXQLFDUVH DO HPDLO
FLVRFSHF#\DKRRFRPP[

,PSUHVRHQ0p[LFR
&RPLWp(GLWRULDO
0yQLFD$$JXGHOR/ySH]&HQWURGH,QYHVWLJDFLRQHV(FRQyPLFDV6RFLDOHV\7HF
QROyJLFDVGHOD$JURLQGXVWULD\OD$JULFXOWXUD0XQGLDO8QLYHUVLGDG$XWyQRPD
&KDSLQJR&,(67$$08$&K$GROIRÉOYDUH]0DFtDV'HSDUWDPHQWRGH3URGXF
FLyQ $JUtFROD \ $QLPDO 8QLYHUVLGDG $XWyQRPD 0HWURSROLWDQD ;RFKLPLOFR
8$0; $GULiQ $UJXPHGR 0DFtDV &ROHJLR GH 3RVWJUDGXDGRV &3 &DPSXV
3XHEOD&DUORV0DQXHO$UULDJD-RUGiQ,QVWLWXWRGH&LHQFLDV$JURSHFXDULDV\5X
UDOHV8QLYHUVLGDG$XWyQRPDGHO(VWDGRGH0p[LFR8$(0%HOHP'$YHQGDxR
5XL])DFXOWDGGH(FRQRPtD\5HODFLRQHV,QWHUQDFLRQDOHV8QLYHUVLGDG$XWyQRPD
GH%DMD&DOLIRUQLD$GULDQD%DVWLGDV&RUUHD8QLYHUVLGDGGH/D&LpQHJDGHO(VWDGR
GH 0LFKRDFiQ GH 2FDPSR +HQULTXH GH %DUURV 8QLYHUVLGDG )HGHUDO 5XUDO 'H
3HUQDPEXFR %UDVLO /XLV %UXQHWW 3pUH] &HQWUR 8QLYHUVLWDULR GH $PHFDPHFD
8$(0ÉQJHO%XVWDPDQWH*RQ]iOH]&3&DPSXV3XHEOD5RVDULR&DPSRV+HU
QiQGH] 'HSDUWDPHQWR GH (GXFDFLyQ ,QYHVWLJDFLyQ \ 6HUYLFLR HQ =RRWHFQLD
8$&K%HDWUL]$&DYDOORWWL9iVTXH]'HSDUWDPHQWRGH(GXFDFLyQ,QYHVWLJDFLyQ
\6HUYLFLRHQ=RRWHFQLD8$&K0DUWKD&KLDSSH+HUQiQGH])DFXOWDGGH$JUR
QRPtD 8QLYHUVLGDG GH OD 5HS~EOLFD 2ULHQWDO GHO 8UXJXD\ 8GH/$5 )HUQDQGR
&HUYDQWHV(VFRWR&,(67$$08$&K$OIUHGR&HVtQ9DUJDV8QLGDG$FDGpPLFDGH
(VWXGLRV5HJLRQDOHV8QLYHUVLGDG1DFLRQDO$XWyQRPDGH0p[LFR81$05XEpQ
(VTXLYHO 9HOiVTXH] 'HSDUWDPHQWR GH (GXFDFLyQ ,QYHVWLJDFLyQ \ 6HUYLFLR HQ
=RRWHFQLD8$&K+LOGD)ORUHV%ULWR'HSDUWDPHQWRGH(GXFDFLyQ,QYHVWLJDFLyQ
\6HUYLFLRHQ=RRWHFQLD8$&K*XVWDYR*DUFtD8UL]D'HSDUWDPHQWRGH(GXFD
FLyQ,QYHVWLJDFLyQ\6HUYLFLRHQ=RRWHFQLD8$&K-XDQGH'LRV*XHUUHUR5RGUt
JXH]&3&DPSXV3XHEOD0DUtDGHO&DUPHQ+HUQiQGH]0RUHQR&HQWURGH,Q
YHVWLJDFLyQ HQ $OLPHQWDFLyQ \ 'HVDUUROOR $& &,$'HVWDGR GH 6RQRUD -RVp
3HGUR-XiUH]6iQFKH]&3&DPSXV3XHEOD7KLHUU\/LQFN&LHQFLDVSDUDODDFFLyQ
\HOGHVDUUROOR,QVWLWXWR1DFLRQDOGH,QYHVWLJDFLRQHV$JUtFRODVGH)UDQFLD,15$
6$'&DUORV$QWRQLR/ySH]'tD])DFXOWDGGH9HWHULQDULD81$0=HQyQ*HUDUGR
/ySH]7HFSR\RWO&3&DPSXV3XHEOD)UDQFLVFR(0DUWtQH]&DVWDxHGD,QVWLWXWR
GH&LHQFLDV$JURSHFXDULDV\5XUDOHV8$(00DUtD%HDWUL]0HQGR]DÉOYDUH]'H
SDUWDPHQWRGH(GXFDFLyQ,QYHVWLJDFLyQ\6HUYLFLRHQ=RRWHFQLD8$&+*HRUJHO
0RFWH]XPD/ySH],QVWLWXWR1DFLRQDOGH,QYHVWLJDFLRQHV)RUHVWDOHV$JUtFRODV\
3HFXDULDV ,1,)$3 -RUJH 0RUHWW 6iQFKH] 'HSDUWDPHQWR GH 6RFLRORJtD 5XUDO
8$&K ,VDEHO 0XxL] 0RQWHUR 3URJUDPD $FDGpPLFR GH ,QJHQLHUtD )LQDQFLHUD
8QLYHUVLGDG3ROLWpFQLFDGH3XHEOD5XWLOLR1DYD0RQWHUR&HQWUR5HJLRQDO8QL
YHUVLWDULRGHOD3HQtQVXODGH<XFDWiQ8$&K0DXULFLR3HUHD3HxD,QVWLWXWRGH
,QYHVWLJDFLRQHV$JURSHFXDULDV\)RUHVWDOHV8QLYHUVLGDG0LFKRDFDQDGH6DQ1L
FROiVGH+LGDOJR5RVDULR3pUH](VSHMR,QVWLWXWRGH,QYHVWLJDFLRQHV(FRQyPLFDV
81$0(IUDtQ3pUH]5DPtUH]&3&DPSXV3XHEOD-DYLHU5DPtUH]-XiUH]&3&DP
SXV3XHEOD%HQLWR5DPtUH]9DOYHUGH&3&DPSXV3XHEOD*XVWDYR5DPtUH]9DO
YHUGH'HSDUWDPHQWRGH(VWDGtVWLFD&DPSXV0RQWHFLOORV$OEHUWR5LHOOD)DFXO
WDG GH &LHQFLDV 6RFLDOHV 8QLYHUVLGDG GH OD 5HS~EOLFD 2ULHQWDO GHO 8UXJXD\
8GH/$5&RQVWDQWLQR5RPHUR0iUTXH]'HSDUWDPHQWRGH(GXFDFLyQ,QYHVWL
JDFLyQ\6HUYLFLRHQ=RRWHFQLD8$&K%ODQFD5XELR9HJD,QVWLWXWRGH,QYHVWLJD
FLRQHV 6RFLDOHV 81$0 /HWLFLD 0\ULDP 6DJDUQDJD 9LOOHJDV 'HSDUWDPHQWR GH
(GXFDFLyQ,QYHVWLJDFLyQ\6HUYLFLRHQ=RRWHFQLD8$&K&DUORV6iQFKH]GHO5HDO
'HSDUWDPHQWRGH(GXFDFLyQ,QYHVWLJDFLyQ\6HUYLFLRHQ=RRWHFQLD8$&K-RVp
6ROtV5DPtUH]'HSDUWDPHQWRGH(GXFDFLyQ,QYHVWLJDFLyQ\6HUYLFLRHQ=RRWHF
QLD8$&K%ODQFD6XiUH]6DQ5RPiQ*UXSR,QWHUGLVFLSOLQDULRVREUH0XMHU7UD
EDMR\3REUH]D*,075$3$&5RVDOtR9DOVHFD5RMDV&3&DPSXV3XHEOD6D
PXHO 9DUJDV /ySH] &3&DPSXV 3XHEOD (PPD =DSDWD 0DUWHOR 3URJUDPD GH
'HVDUUROOR5XUDO&3&DPSXV0RQWHFLOORV-RVp/XLV=DUDJR]D5DPtUH]'HSDUWD
PHQWRGH(GXFDFLyQ,QYHVWLJDFLyQ\6HUYLFLRHQ=RRWHFQLD8$&K

[8]
7DEODGHFRQWHQLGR
Agradecimientos 5
ComitéEditorial 7
Prólogo 9
GANADERÍAFAMILIARYENPEQUEÑAESCALA 15
/DDGRSFLyQGHSUiFWLFDVSHFXDULDVGXUDQWHHORUGHxRHQHOVLVWHPDOHFKHUR
IDPLOLDU 
%HUHQLFH$GULDQD6L[WRV3pUH]9DOHQWtQ(VSLQRVD2UWL]5DQG\$OH[LV-LPpQH]
-LPpQH]0DUtD3LODU9HOi]TXH]3DFKHFR$UWXUR$ORQVR3HVDGR
/XLV$UWXUR+HUQiQGH]*DUFtD
&DGHQDSURGXFWLYDWUDGLFLRQDOFRPRHVWUDWHJLDGHVXEVLVWHQFLDFRPXQLWDULD
HQ7DUtPEDUR0LFKRDFiQ0p[LFR 
$UWXUR)UDQFR*DRQD%HQLWR5DPtUH]9DOYHUGH$UWHPLR&UX]/HyQ-RVp3HGUR
-XiUH]6iQFKH]'RUD0DUtD6DQJHUPiQ-DUTXtQ*XVWDYR5DPtUH]9DOYHUGH
,PSDFWRHQORVFRVWRVGHDOLPHQWDFLyQSRUODLPSOHPHQWDFLyQGHOSDVWRUHR
LQWHQVLYRHQVLVWHPDVGHSURGXFFLyQGHOHFKHHQSHTXHxDHVFDODGHO$OWLSODQR
&HQWUDOGH0p[LFR 
)HUQDQGR3UyVSHUR%HUQDO5DIDHO2OHD3pUH]&DUORV*DOGLQR0DUWtQH]*DUFtD
)HOLSH/ySH]*RQ]iOH]&DUORV0DQXHO$UULDJD-RUiQ
3HUFHSFLRQHVGHELHQHVWDUVRFLDOUHODFLRQDGDVFRQODSURGXFFLyQGHFHUGR
GHWUDVSDWLRHQ]RQDVSHULXUEDQDV 
/HRQHO6DQWRV%DUULRV)UDQFLVFR(0DUWtQH]&DVWDxHGD:LOOLDP*yPH]'HPHWULR
(UQHVWR6iQFKH]9HUD0yQLFD(5XL]7RUUHV
%DODQFHGHQLWUyJHQRHQVLVWHPDVGHSURGXFFLyQGHOHFKHHQSHTXHxD
HVFDODHQHO$OWLSODQR&HQWUDOPH[LFDQR 
'L[DQ3R]R/H\YD5DIDHO2OHD3pUH]3DWULFLD%DOGHUDV+HUQiQGH]
&DUORV0DQXHO$UULDJD-RUGiQ
'LDJQyVWLFRGHODFDOLGDGGHORVHQVLODGRVGHPDt]HQORV$OWRVGH-DOLVFR 
9tFWRU0DQXHO*yPH]5RGUtJXH]'DUZLQ+HUHGLD1DYD+XPEHUWR5DPtUH]9HJD
$QDVWDFLR*DUFtD0DUWtQH]-RVpGH-HV~V2OPRV&ROPHQHUR
&RPSRVWDMH\YHUPLFRPSRVWDMHHVWUDWHJLDVGHPDQHMRGHOHVWLpUFROHTXLQR
\ERYLQRHQXQD]RQDUXUDOGHOVXUGHO(VWDGRGH0p[LFR 
9LDQH\&ROtQ1DYDUUR)UDQFLVFD$YLOpV1RYD,JQDFLR$UWXUR'RPtQJXH]9DUD
-DLPH2OLYDUHV3pUH]6RQLD/ySH])HUQiQGH]%HQLWR$OEDUUiQ3RUWLOOR
GANADERÍADEDOBLEPROPÓSITO 105
 /RVVLVWHPDVJDQDGHURVGHERYLQRVGREOHSURSyVLWRHQHOVXEWUySLFR
GH0LFKRDFiQ0p[LFR 
/XLV$OHMDQGUR5RMDV6DQGRYDO(UQHVWLQD*XWLpUUH]9i]TXH]-DLPH0RQGUDJyQ
$QFHOPR$QDVWDFLR*DUFtD0DUWtQH]
7HQGHQFLDV\SHUVSHFWLYDVGHODJDQDGHUtDGREOHSURSyVLWR
HQHO$OWLSODQR&HQWUDOGH0p[LFR8QHQIRTXHVRVWHQLEOHGHSURGXFFLyQ 
,VDHO(VWUDGD/ySH]-RYHO9HQFHV3pUH],VHOD*XDGDOXSH6DODV5H\HV&DUORV0DQXHO
$UULDJD-RUGiQ%HQLWR$OEDUUiQ3RUWLOOR*LOEHUWR<RQJÉQJHO
$QDVWDFLR*DUFtD0DUWtQH]  
,PSRUWDQFLDGHOFXOWLYRGHPDt]HQJDQDGHUtDGREOHSURSyVLWRHQ7ODWOD\D
(VWDGRGH0p[LFR(ILFLHQFLDHQHUJpWLFD\VXVWHQWDELOLGDG 
-RYHO9HQFHV3pUH](UQHVWR0RUDOHV$OPDUD]&DUORV*DOGLQR0DUWtQH]*DUFtD
%HQLWR$OEDUUiQ3RUWLOOR$QDVWDFLR*DUFtD0DUWtQH]
(YDOXDFLyQHFRQyPLFDGHODXWLOL]DFLyQGHVXSOHPHQWRVHQODDOLPHQWDFLyQGH
YDFDVGHGREOHSURSyVLWRHQHOVXURHVWHGHO(VWDGRGH0p[LFR 
,VHOD*XDGDOXSH6DODV5H\HV&DUORV0DQXHO$UULDJD-RUGiQ-XOLHWD*HUWUXGLV(VWUDGD
)ORUHV$QDVWDFLR*DUFtD0DUWtQH]%HQLWR$OEDUUiQ3RUWLOOR
)XQFLyQGH3URGXFFLyQGHOHFKHHQODJDQDGHUtDGHGREOHSURSyVLWRGHOHVWDGR
GH6LQDORD0p[LFR 
9HQDQFLR&XHYDV5H\HV9DOHULD/ySH]'tD]$OIUHGR/RDL]D0H]D7RPDV0RUHQR
*DOOHJRV-XDQ(VWHEDQ5H\HV-LPpQH](QULTXH$VWHQJR/ySH]+HUO\Q$VWHQJR&D]DUHV
'DQLHO*RQ]iOH]*RQ]iOH]*XVWDYR$&XHYDV5H\HV
DIVERSIFICACIÓNDEINGRESOSYPRODUCTOSGANADEROSARTESANALES 173
,GHQWLILFDFLyQGHQLFKRVGHPHUFDGRSDUDSURGXFWRVDUWHVDQDOHVFRPRPRWRUGH
GHVDUUROORDJURLQGXVWULDO\SHFXDULRFDVRTXHVRSRURGH7DEDVFR 
&HOLD3HUDOWD$SDULFLR$QDVWDFLR(VSHMHO*DUFtD0D&DUPHQ<EDUUD0RQFDGD
$UWXUR+HUQiQGH]0RQWHV$ULDGQD%DUUHUD5RGUtJXH]0DWHR2UWL]+HUQiQGH]
,PSDFWRGHO6,$/SURGXFWRUGHOiFWHRVGH3R[WOD(VWDGRGH0p[LFRHQHO
GHVDUUROORORFDODQDOL]DQGRDOSULPHUHVODEyQGHODFDGHQDSURGXFWLYD 
2VYDOGR$QGUpV3DFKHFR*RQ]iOH](QULTXH(VSLQRVD$\DOD$OIUHGR&HVtQ9DUJDV
7LU]R&DVWDxHGD0DUWtQH]
)DFWRUHVHVWUDWpJLFRVHQODFRQIRUPDFLyQGHO6LVWHPDGHLQQRYDFLyQ
GHOTXHVRDxHMRGH=DFD]RQDSDQ 
$QDVWDFLR(VSHMHO*DUFtD(GLWK0RUD5LYHUD0D&DUPHQ<EDUUD0RQFDGD
$ULDGQD%DUUHUD5RGUtJXH]

[12]
 (PSOHRGHHVWyPDJRVGHFRQHMRSDUDODHODERUDFLyQGHFXDMRDUWHVDQDO 
2IHOLD0iUTXH]0ROLQD-RVp'REOHU/ySH](QULTXH(VSLQRVD$\DOD
3HGUR$EHO+HUQiQGH]*DUFtD=DPLUD7DSLD5RGUtJXH]
PRODUCCIÓNDEPEQUEÑASESPECIESGANADERAS 225
(YDOXDFLyQGHFRVWRVGHSURGXFFLyQUHQWDELOLGDG\FRPSHWLWLYLGDGGHXQLGDGHV
GHSURGXFFLyQRYLQDHQFXDWURHVWDGRVGHOFHQWURGH0p[LFR 
$OHMDQGUD9pOH],]TXLHUGR-RVp$QWRQLR(VSLQRVD*DUFtD
(OGHVDUUROORGHODV]RQDVRYLQRFXOWRUDVGH0LFKRDFiQ0p[LFR 
0DUtD*XDGDOXSH-RVHILQD1XQFLR2FKRD-RVp1DKHG7RUDO(QFDUQDFLyQ
(UQHVWR%REDGLOOD6RWR9LFHQWH6DOLQDV0HOJR]D&DUORV0DQXHO$UULDJD-RUGiQ
(UQHVWR6iQFKH]9HUD
(OVHOHQLRHQVLVWHPDVH[WHQVLYRVGHSURGXFFLyQRYLQD 
5REHUWR5DPtUH]0DUWtQH]*XLOOHUPR6DODV5D]R-XDQ3DEOR)ORUHV3DGLOOD
1D\GD/X]%UDYR+HUQiQGH])HUQDQGR2FKRD$PEUL]0DXULFLR3HUHD3HxD
&RVWRVGHSURGXFFLyQHQFDEUDVOHFKHUDVEDMRFRQGLFLRQHVVHPLLQWHQVLYDV
HQHOPXQLFLSLRGH-XYHQWLQR5RVDV*XDQDMXDWR 
5RGROIR6DQWRV/DYDOOH/HWLFLD0\ULDP6DJDUQDJD9LOOHJDV
-RVp0DUtD6DODV*RQ]iOH]
'HWHUPLQDFLyQGHODIHUWLOLGDGHLQFXEDELOLGDGGHOKXHYRGHJDOOLQDFULROOD
PHGLDQWHLQFXEDFLyQDUWLILFLDO 
)HUQDQGR2FKRD$PEUL](YD0DUtD&KiYH]/RH]D-XDQ3DEOR)ORUHV3DGLOOD
0DXULFLR3HUHD3HxD

[13]
(YDOXDFLyQHFRQyPLFDGHODXWLOL]DFLyQGHVXSOHPHQWRV
HQODDOLPHQWDFLyQGHYDFDVGHGREOHSURSyVLWR
HQHOVXURHVWHGHO(VWDGRGH0p[LFR

,VHOD*XDGDOXSH6DODV5H\HV&DUORV0DQXHO$UULDJD-RUGiQ-XOLHWD*HUWUXGLV(VWUDGD
)ORUHV$QDVWDFLR*DUFtD0DUWtQH]%HQLWR$OEDUUiQ3RUWLOOR

,QWURGXFFLyQ

/DUHQWDELOLGDGGHODVXQLGDGHVGHSURGXFFLyQ83GHOHFKHHQSHTXHxDHVFDODHQ
0p[LFRHQJHQHUDOHVEDMDGHELGRDORVEDMRVSUHFLRVGHOHFKHTXHVHSDJDDORV
SURGXFWRUHVDVtFRPRDOFRQWLQXRLQFUHPHQWRHQHOSUHFLRGHORVJUDQRVTXHVRQ
HOSULQFLSDOLQVXPRGHHVWDDFWLYLGDG
/D SURGXFFLyQ QDFLRQDO GH OHFKH GHVGH HO DxR  KD UHJLVWUDGR XQ
FUHFLPLHQWR DQXDO GH   FRQ XQ YROXPHQ GH SURGXFFLyQ DFXPXODGR SDUD
GLFLHPEUHGHOGHW(QHVHDxRVHUHJLVWUyXQFUHFLPLHQWRGH
FRQUHVSHFWRDODxR/$&72'$7$D
$ SHVDU GHO FRQWLQXR FUHFLPLHQWR HQ OD SURGXFFLyQ GH OHFKH QDFLRQDO
0p[LFR WUDGLFLRQDOPHQWH KD VLGR XQ SDtV LPSRUWDGRU GH OHFKH GHVFUHPDGD HQ
SROYR/'3UHJLVWUDQGRXQFRHILFLHQWHGHGHSHQGHQFLDGHHVWHSURGXFWRGHO
/$&72'$7$D
(QGLFLHPEUHGHODxR/,&216$DQXQFLyTXHGHMDUtDGHFRPSUDU
PLOOLWURVGHOHFKHGLDULRVDSURGXFWRUHVGHOHVWDGRGH-DOLVFRGHELGRDOUHFRUWH
SUHVXSXHVWDODSHVDUGHKDEHUXQFRQWUDWRGHSRUPHGLR(O)LQDQFLHUR
(VWDVLWXDFLyQQRHVHVSHFtILFDGHHVWHHVWDGRHQRWURVHVWDGRVFRPR&KLKXDKXD
SURGXFWRUHVHQIUHQWDQHOPLVPRSUREOHPDFRQ/,&216$
$GHPiVGHODIDOWDGHSUHVXSXHVWRTXHHQIUHQWD/,&216$HOEDMRSUHFLR
LQWHUQDFLRQDOGHOD/'3HOFXDOKDGLVPLQXLGRDPiVGHHQORVGRV~OWLPRV

______________________

&HQWUR8QLYHUVLWDULR8$(07HPDVFDOWHSHF

,QVWLWXWRGH&LHQFLDV$JURSHFXDULDV\5XUDOHV,&$5EDOEDUUDQS#JPDLOFRP
 (678',2662&,$/(6<(&21Ð0,&26'(/$352'8&&,Ð13(&8$5,$

DxRV SDVDQGR GH   D   GyODUHV SRU W GH  D  /$&72'$7$
EKDFHPiVDWUDFWLYRSDUDODLQGXVWULDQDFLRQDOXWLOL]DUHVWHSURGXFWRTXH
ODOHFKHQDFLRQDO
'HELGR D OR DQWHULRU D ORV SURGXFWRUHV VH OHV KDQ LPSXHVWR WRSHV GH
SURGXFFLyQFRQJHODPLHQWRRGLVPLQXFLyQGHOSUHFLRGHODOHFKHSRUORTXHKDQ
WHQLGR TXH UHGXFLU HO WDPDxR GH VX KDWR VDFULILFDQGR YDFDV HQ SURGXFFLyQ
DQLPDOHVGHUHPSOD]R\RSWDQGRSRUVLVWHPDVGHDOLPHQWDFLyQGHPHQRUFRVWR
FRPRHOSDVWRUHRDVtFRPRGHPHQRUHVQLYHOHVGHSURGXFFLyQ(O)LQDQFLHUR

/DV SUHYLVLRQHV HQ HO FRUWR SOD]R QR VRQ DOHQWDGRUDV \ GH FRQWLQXDU OD
WHQGHQFLDHQORVSUHFLRVGHODOHFKH\GHORVLQVXPRVVHSUHYpTXHPXFKDV83
GHVDSDUH]FDQ
(VWHWLSRGHVLWXDFLRQHV\DVHKDEtDYLYLGRDQWHULRUPHQWHSRUHMHPSOROD
FULVLVGHREOLJyD83HVSHFLDOL]DGDV\VHPLHVSHFLDOL]DGDVSULQFLSDOPHQWHD
DEDQGRQDU OD DFWLYLGDG \D TXH VXV FRVWRV GH SURGXFFLyQ VH LQFUHPHQWDURQ
VLJQLILFDWLYDPHQWH DQWH OD GHYDOXDFLyQ GHO SHVR \ HO HQFDUHFLPLHQWR GH ORV
LQVXPRVH[WHUQRVGHORVFXDOHVHUDQDOWDPHQWHGHSHQGLHQWHVHMHPSORJUDQRV
PDTXLQDULDVHPHQUHPSOD]RVHWF*DUFtD
$QWH HVFHQDULRV DGYHUVRV FRPR ORV GHVFULWRV DQWHULRUPHQWH 83 GH OHFKH
SHTXHxD HVFDOD DVt FRPR ODV GH OHFKHUtD WURSLFDO KDQ GHPRVWUDGR VHU PiV
IOH[LEOHV GHELGR D VXV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV SDUWLFXODUHV FRPR VRQ FRPHUFLDOL]DFLyQ
ORFDODWUDYpVGHPHUFDGRVLQIRUPDOHVWUDQVIRUPDFLyQGHODOHFKHHQYDULRVWLSRV
GHTXHVRWUDGLFLRQDOHVGHGLVWULEXFLyQORFDOEDMRXVRGHLQVXPRVH[WHUQRVEDMR
QLYHOGHFRVWRVILMRVEDMRRQXORHQGHXGDPLHQWRXWLOL]DFLyQGHLQVXPRVORFDOHV
\ SULQFLSDOPHQWH D OD  XWLOL]DFLyQ GH PDQR GH REUD IDPLOLDU $OEDUUiQ HW DO

/DJDQDGHUtDGREOHSURSyVLWR'3HVXQDDFWLYLGDGHFRQyPLFDUHOHYDQWHHQ
]RQDV UXUDOHV SRUTXH UHSUHVHQWD XQD IXHQWH LPSRUWDQWH GH LQJUHVRV SDUD ODV
IDPLOLDV LQYROXFUDGDV \ FRQOOHYD XQD GREOH YHUWLHQWH \D TXH SRU XQ ODGR
PDQWLHQH OD HVWUXFWXUD UXUDO SRU OD JHQHUDFLyQ GH HPSOHRV \ SRU RWUR ODV
HVWUDWHJLDVGHPDQHMRIDYRUHFHQHOFXLGDGRGHODPELHQWHVRFLRHFRQyPLFRHQHO
TXHVHGHVDUUROODQ6DODV5H\HV

>@
 *$1$'(5Ì$'('2%/(3523Ð6,72

(QODUHJLyQVXURHVWHGHO(VWDGRGH0p[LFRH[LVWHQ83GH'3HQODVFXDOHV
ODYHQWDGHEHFHUURVGHVWHWDGRVJHQHUDHOGHORVLQJUHVRVPLHQWUDVTXHOD
OHFKH JHQHUD HO   VLQ HPEDUJR OD SURGXFFLyQ GH OHFKH JHQHUD LQJUHVRV
GLDULRVTXHSHUPLWHQFXEULUORVFRVWRVGHRSHUDFLyQGHOD83PDQWHQLPLHQWRGH
ORVEHFHUURVDVtFRPRODVQHFHVLGDGHVHFRQyPLFDVGHODIDPLOLDGHOSURGXFWRU
6DODVHWDO
6HKDGHWHUPLQDGRTXHODDOLPHQWDFLyQUHSUHVHQWDHQWUHHO\GHO
FRVWR GH SURGXFFLyQ GH  NJ GH OHFKH SRU OR TXH OD YLDELOLGDGHFRQyPLFD GH
SHTXHxDV83GHSHQGHGHODFDSDFLGDGGHSURGXFLUOHFKHORPiVEDUDWRSRVLEOH
SDUDSRGHUVHUFRPSHWLWLYRV$OEDUUiQHWDO
(O VLVWHPD GH DOLPHQWDFLyQ HQ ODV 83 GH '3 GHO VXURHVWH GHO (VWDGR GH
0p[LFRHVWiGHWHUPLQDGRSRUODGLVSRQLELOLGDGGHIRUUDMHV(QODpSRFDGHOOXYLDV
ODDOLPHQWDFLyQGHWRGRHOJDQDGRVHEDVDHQSDVWRUHRVLQQLQJ~QWLSR
GHVXSOHPHQWRV3RUHOFRQWUDULRHQODpSRFDGHHVWLDMHGLFLHPEUHDPD\RDQWH
ODGLVPLQXFLyQGHODGLVSRQLELOLGDG\EDMDFDOLGDGGHORVIRUUDMHVORVSURGXFWRUHV
VXSOHPHQWDQDVXVDQLPDOHVSDUDPDQWHQHUQLYHOHVDGHFXDGRVGHSURGXFFLyQGH
OHFKHHQYDFDV\PDQWHQHUJDQDQFLDGHSHVRGHORVEHFHUURV2UWL]5RGHDHWDO

/RVVXSOHPHQWRVXWLOL]DGRVSRUORVSURGXFWRUHVFRQVLVWHQHQPH]FODUPDt]
PD]RUFDSURGXFLGRHQOD83FRQFRQFHQWUDGRFRPHUFLDOHQXQDSURSRUFLyQGH
$OEDUUiQHWDOHVWLPDURQTXHHOFRVWRGHSURGXFFLyQGHXQNJ
GHOHFKHHQODpSRFDGHHVWLDMHIXHGHPLHQWUDVTXHHOSUHFLRGHYHQWDHUD
GH
(OSUHFLRGHORVJUDQRVFRPRHOPDt]\ODSDVWDGHVR\DVRQPX\YDULDEOHV
\ HQ JHQHUDO OD WHQGHQFLD HV TXH pVWRV VLJDQ LQFUHPHQWDQGR VX SUHFLR
/$&72'$7$ E 3RU OR WDQWR HV QHFHVDULR GHVDUUROODU HVWUDWHJLDV GH
DOLPHQWDFLyQTXHUHGX]FDQODGHSHQGHQFLDGHLQVXPRVH[WHUQRVGHODV83\HO
FRVWR GH SURGXFFLyQ GH XQ NJ GH OHFKH DGHPiV GH PDQWHQHU ORV QLYHOHV GH
SURGXFFLyQ GH OHFKH TXH JHQHUHQ LQJUHVRV TXH SHUPLWDQ FXEULU ORV FRVWRV GH
RSHUDFLyQGHODV83\ODVQHFHVLGDGHVHFRQyPLFDVGHODIDPLOLDGHOSURGXFWRU
3RU OR DQWHULRU HO REMHWLYR GHO SUHVHQWH WUDEDMR IXH HYDOXDU OD UHVSXHVWD
HFRQyPLFDGHVXSOHPHQWRVDOWHUQRVDOVXSOHPHQWRWUDGLFLRQDOGHSURGXFWRUHV

[151]
 (678',2662&,$/(6<(&21Ð0,&26'(/$352'8&&,Ð13(&8$5,$

GH'3HQODUHJLyQVXURHVWHGHO(VWDGRGH0p[LFRHQODVpSRFDVGHHVWLDMHGHORV
DxRV\

0HWRGRORJtD

6HUHFRSLOyLQIRUPDFLyQGHFXDWURH[SHULPHQWRVGHVXSOHPHQWDFLyQUHDOL]DGRVSRU
HO HTXLSR GH LQYHVWLJDFLyQ GHO &HQWUR 8QLYHUVLWDULR 8$(0 7HPDVFDOWHSHF
8QLYHUVLGDG $XWyQRPD GHO (VWDGR GH 0p[LFR HQ    \ 
(VSDU]D6DOYDGRUHWDO6DODVHWDOORVFXDOHVIXHURQUHDOL]DGRV
HQ XQD 83 GH '3 GHO PXQLFLSLR GH =DFD]RQDSDQ HQ HO VXURHVWH GHO (VWDGR GH
0p[LFRGXUDQWHODpSRFDGHHVWLDMHIHEUHURMXQLRGHFDGDDxRUHSRUWDGR
6H XWLOL]DURQ YDFDV 3DUGR 6XL]R HQWUH  \  YDFDV /D EDVH GH OD
DOLPHQWDFLyQGHODVYDFDVIXHSDVWRUHRH[WHQVLYR\GXUDQWHODpSRFDGHHVWLDMH
UHFLELHURQ a NJ GH VXSOHPHQWR SRU YDFD SRU GtD (Q HO FXDGUR  VH SXHGHQ
REVHUYDU ORV LQJUHGLHQWHV GH ORV VXSOHPHQWRV WUDGLFLRQDOHV \ DOWHUQRV HQ FDGD
DxR /RV VXSOHPHQWRV DOWHUQRV 6$ VH EDVDURQ HQ PDt]PD]RUFD a 
SURGXFLGDHQOD83H[SHULPHQWDODOFXDOVHOHDVLJQyXQFRVWRGHRSRUWXQLGDG
HQEDVHDOSUHFLRSDJDGRHQODUHJLyQSDUDFDGDDxRGHHVWXGLR$GHPiVGHHVWR
VHXWLOL]DURQFDQWLGDGHVHVWUDWpJLFDVGHSDVWDGHVR\DXUHD\PHOD]D&XDGUR

&XDGUR,QJUHGLHQWHVGHORVVXSOHPHQWRVXWLOL]DGRVHQ\

   

,QJUHGLHQWH 0P&&
6$ 6$ 6$ 6$
0Dt]PD]RUFDJNJ     
6R\DJNJ     
0HOD]DJNJ     
0Dt]PROLGRJNJ     
8UHDJNJ     
&RQFHQWUDGR&RPHUFLDOJNJ     

0P&&0Dt]PD]RUFD\FRQFHQWUDGRFRPHUFLDO6$6XSOHPHQWRDOWHUQR
)XHQWH(ODERUDFLyQSURSLDFRQLQIRUPDFLyQGH(VSDU]D6DOYDGRUHWDO6DODVHWDO


>@
 *$1$'(5Ì$'('2%/(3523Ð6,72

(Q FDGD DxR VH HYDOXy OD UHVSXHVWD SURGXFWLYD \ HFRQyPLFD D OD
VXSOHPHQWDFLyQWUDGLFLRQDOEDVDGDHQPH]FODGHPDt]PD]RUFD\FRQFHQWUDGR
FRPHUFLDO  FRQWUD VXSOHPHQWRV DOWHUQRV GH ORV FXDOHV VX FRPSRVLFLyQ
YDULy SDUD FDGD DxR $GHPiV VH KDFH XQD FRPSDUDFLyQ KLSRWpWLFD GH OD
UHVSXHVWDSURGXFWLYD\HFRQyPLFDFXDQGRHOVXSOHPHQWRVHKXELHUDEDVDGRHQ
GHFRQFHQWUDGRFRPHUFLDOFRPRSXQWRGHUHIHUHQFLD/RVFRVWRVGHORV
VXSOHPHQWRVVHHVWLPDQFRQEDVHDOSUHFLRUHDOGHORVLQVXPRVSDUDFDGDDxRGH
HYDOXDFLyQ
3DUDODHYDOXDFLyQHFRQyPLFDVHXWLOL]yODPHWRGRORJtDGHSUHVXSXHVWRVSRU
DFWLYLGDG/DVYDULDEOHVGHUHVSXHVWDIXHURQFRVWRGHOVXSOHPHQWRNJFRVWR
GH SURGXFFLyQ SRU NJ GH OHFKH NJ PDUJHQ GH JDQDQFLD SRU NJ GH OHFKH
SURGXFLGR NJ $GLFLRQDOPHQWH VH GHWHUPLQy OD HVWUXFWXUD GHO FRVWR GH
SURGXFFLyQ GH XQ NJ GH OHFKH HV GHFLU SRUFHQWDMH GHO FRVWR GH SURGXFFLyQ
GHELGR D DOLPHQWDFLyQ PDQR GH REUD IDPLOLDU PDQR GH REUD FRQWUDWDGD \
FRPEXVWLEOH

5(638(67$(&21Ð0,&$$/$87,/,=$&,Ð1'(',)(5(17(6683/(0(1726
3(563(&7,9$

(Q HO FXDGUR  VH SUHVHQWD OD FRPSDUDFLyQ GH OD UHVSXHVWD HFRQyPLFD D OD
VXSOHPHQWDFLyQDOWHUQD6$HQFRPSDUDFLyQFRQODVXSOHPHQWDFLyQWUDGLFLRQDO
0P&&
(QJHQHUDOSDUDFDGDDxRODVYDFDVUHFLELHURQNJGHVXSOHPHQWRHQEDVH
IUHVFD(OSUHFLRGHYHQWDGHOHFKHSDUDHODxRIXHGHNJPLHQWUDVTXH
SDUDORVDxRV\IXHGHNJ(OSURPHGLRGHSURGXFFLyQGH
OHFKHIXHGHNJYDFD(QHODxRVHUHJLVWUyODSURGXFFLyQSURPHGLRPiV
EDMDGHNJYDFDGtDPLHQWUDVTXHHOPD\RUQLYHOSURPHGLRGHSURGXFFLyQ
IXHGHNJYDFDGtDHQHODxR

Año 2010

(QDxRHOSUHFLRGHYHQWDIXHHOPiVEDMRUHJLVWUDGRHQORVDxRVHYDOXDGRV
HOSURPHGLRGHSURGXFFLyQGHOHFKHVHHQFRQWUDEDHQNJYDFDGtDHOFRVWRGHO
6$IXHPHQRUDOGHO0P&&&XDGUR(OFRVWRGHSURGXFFLyQSDUDHO6$IXH

[153]
 (678',2662&,$/(6<(&21Ð0,&26'(/$352'8&&,Ð13(&8$5,$

PHQRUTXHHO0P&&ORTXHGHMDXQPDUJHQQHWRGHJDQDQFLDSRUNJGH
OHFKHGHPiVTXHHO0P&&

Año 2012

(QD~QVHPDQWHQtDHODO]DGHORVSUHFLRVGHORVLQVXPRV/$&72'$7$
ORFXDODXPHQWyORVFRVWRVGHSURGXFFLyQHQSURPHGLRFRQUHVSHFWRD
FRPRVHREVHUYDHQHOFXDGURHQHVWHDxRHOSUHFLRGHYHQWDGHOHFKH
DXPHQWy HQ  HQ FRPSDUDFLyQ FRQ HO DxR   &RQ HO 6$ HO FRVWR GH
SURGXFFLyQGHXQNJGHOHFKHSRUFRQFHSWRGHDOLPHQWDFLyQIXHGHPHQRU
FRPSDUDGRFRQ0P&&0LHQWUDVTXHHOPDUJHQGHJDQDQFLDIXHPD\RU
FRQ6$

Año 2014

(QHOFXDGURSDUDVHREVHUYDTXHHOSUHFLRGHYHQWDGHOHFKHVHPDQWXYR
VLQFDPELRUHVSHFWRDODxRODSURGXFFLyQGHOHFKHDXPHQWyOLJHUDPHQWHHQ
ORFXDOVHUHIOHMyHQXQLQFUHPHQWRGHHQHOPDUJHQQHWRGHJDQDQFLD
SRUNJGHOHFKHPLHQWUDVTXHHOFRVWRGHSURGXFFLyQSRUNJGHOHFKHGLVPLQX\y
HQFRQUHVSHFWRDORVUHVXOWDGRVGHODxR

Año 2015

(QFRPRVHREVHUYDHQHOFXDGURHOFRVWRGHSURGXFFLyQDXPHQWy
FRQUHVSHFWRDSDUD6$\HOPDUJHQGHJDQDQFLDGLVPLQX\y(OFRVWR
GHSURGXFFLyQGH0P&&IXHPD\RUTXH6$(OPDUJHQQHWRGHJDQDQFLD
SDUD6$IXHPD\RUSDUD6$HQFRPSDUDFLyQFRQHOVXSOHPHQWRWUDGLFLRQDO
0P&&/DGLIHUHQFLDHQWUHHVWRVYDORUHVUHIOHMDODLPSRUWDQFLDGHOGHVDUUROORGH
HVWUDWHJLDV SDUD OD GLVPLQXFLyQ GH FRVWRV GH SURGXFFLyQ \ HO DXPHQWR GH ORV
PiUJHQHVGHJDQDQFLD

6LWXDFLyQJHQHUDO

(QHOFXDGURGHPDQHUDJHQHUDOVHSXHGHREVHUYDUTXHODSURGXFFLyQGHOHFKH
VH KD PDQWHQLGR FRQVWDQWH HQ HO WUDQVFXUVR GHO WLHPSR OR TXH LQGLFD TXH ORV

>@
 *$1$'(5Ì$'('2%/(3523Ð6,72

VXSOHPHQWRVDOWHUQRVSHUPLWHQPDQWHQHUQLYHOHVGHSURGXFFLyQGHOHFKHVLPLODUHV
DORVORJUDGRVFRQODVXSOHPHQWDFLyQWUDGLFLRQDOVyORTXHDPHQRUFRVWR
$ QLYHO QDFLRQDO VH UHSRUWD XQ FRVWR GH SURGXFFLyQ SURPHGLR SRU NJ GH
OHFKH GH  GHO DxR  DO  /$&72'$7$ F  PLHQWUDV TXH HO
FRVWR SURPHGLR GH OD HVWUDWHJLD GH DOLPHQWDFLyQ WUDGLFLRQDO HQWUH ORV DxRV
HYDOXDGRVIXHGH\GHSDUDODHVWUDWHJLDDOWHUQD(VWRSHUPLWHDILUPDU
TXHORVFRVWRVGHSURGXFFLyQGH83GH'3HQSURPHGLRVRQPHQRUHVTXHHOGH
83 LQWHQVLYDV \ VHPLLQWHQVLYDV \ TXH ODV HVWUDWHJLDV DOWHUQDWLYDV GH
VXSOHPHQWDFLyQHYDOXDGDVKDQSHUPLWLGRUHGXFLUHOFRVWRGHSURGXFFLyQGHXQ
NJGHOHFKHHQFRPSDUDFLyQFRQODHVWUDWHJLDTXHWUDGLFLRQDOPHQWHKDYHQLGR
XWLOL]DQGRHOSURGXFWRUWUDGLFLRQDOGHGREOHSURSyVLWRHQODUHJLyQGHHVWXGLR

&XDGUR&RPSDUDFLyQGHODUHVSXHVWDHFRQyPLFDDODVXSOHPHQWDFLyQDOWHUQDWLYD6$
vsVXSOHPHQWDFLyQWUDGLFLRQDOEDVDGDHQPDt]PD]RUFD\FRQFHQWUDGRFRPHUFLDO&&


9DULDEOHHFRQyPLFD     &&

6XSOHPHQWRRIUHFLGRNJGtD     

3UHFLRGHYHQWDGHOHFKHNJ     

/HFKHNJYDFDG     

 0P&& 6$ 0P&& 6$ 0P&& 6$ 0P&& 6$ &&

&RVWRGHOVXSOHPHQWR         

&RVWRGHSURGXFFLyQNJOH         
FKHSURGXFLGD

0DUJHQ QHWR GH JDQDQFLDNJ         
OHFKH

0P&&0Dt]PD]RUFD\FRQFHQWUDGRFRPHUFLDO6$6XSOHPHQWRDOWHUQR
)XHQWH(ODERUDFLyQSURSLDFRQLQIRUPDFLyQGH(VSDU]D6DOYDGRUHWDO
6DODVHWDO

(Q OD )LJXUD  VH REVHUYD OD HYROXFLyQ GHO PDUJHQ GH JDQDQFLD GH OD
HVWUDWHJLDWUDGLFLRQDO0P&&ODHVWUDWHJLDDOWHUQD\HOFDVRKLSRWpWLFR
GH XQD VXSOHPHQWDFLyQ EDVDGD HQ FRQFHQWUDGR FRPHUFLDO GH   7DQWR OD

[155]
 (678',2662&,$/(6<(&21Ð0,&26'(/$352'8&&,Ð13(&8$5,$

HVWUDWHJLD WUDGLFLRQDO FRPR OD GH FRQFHQWUDGR FRPHUFLDO PXHVWUDQ XQD

GLVPLQXFLyQHQHOPDUJHQQHWRGHJDQDQFLDGHELGRDOLQFUHPHQWRGHORVJUDQRV
DVtFRPRDOEDMRLQFUHPHQWRHQHOSUHFLRGHODOHFKHSDJDGDDOSURGXFWRU3DUD
ODHVWUDWHJLDDOWHUQDGHELGRDTXHVHEDVDHQXQLQVXPRSURGXFLGRGHQWURGHOD
83VXFRVWRHVPHQRUORTXHSHUPLWHTXHHQJHQHUDOHOPDUJHQGHJDQDQFLD
SUHVHQWHSRFRFDPELRGXUDQWHHOSHULRGRGHHVWXGLR

3.5

3
Margen ($/kg de leche)

2.5

1.5
Mm/CC
1
SA
0.5
CC
0
2010 2012 2014 2015


)LJXUD(YROXFLyQGHOPDUJHQGHJDQDQFLDGHODHVWUDWHJLDWUDGLFLRQDO0P&&OD

HVWUDWHJLDDOWHUQD6$\HOFDVRKLSRWpWLFRGHXQDVXSOHPHQWDFLyQEDVDGDHQFRQFHQWUDGR
FRPHUFLDOGH&&

(QHOFXDGURVHSUHVHQWDHOGHVJORVHGHFRPSRQHQWHVGHORVFRVWRVGH
SURGXFFLyQGHXQNJGHOHFKHLQFOX\HQGRHOFRVWRGHRSRUWXQLGDGGHODPDQR
GHREUDIDPLOLDU02)\VLQLQFOXLUOD02)
$OUHVSHFWR3RVDGDVDILUPDTXHGDGRTXHKD\XQXVRLQWHQVLYR
GH 02) HQ HO VLVWHPD GH SURGXFFLyQ HQ SHTXHxD HVFDOD HVWR JHQHUD XQ DOWR
YDORU DJUHJDGR HQ ORV VLVWHPDV GH SURGXFFLyQ GH SHTXHxD HVFDOD \ SXHGH
FRQYHUWLUVHHQXQHVWtPXORHFRQyPLFRSDUDFRQWLQXDUFRQODDFWLYLGDGOHFKHUD
VREUH WRGR VL HO SURGXFWRU QR WLHQH RWUD DFWLYLGDG TXH OH JHQHUH LQJUHVRV
HFRQyPLFRVORFXDOHVVLPLODUDORVUHVXOWDGRVREWHQLGRVSRU6DODVHWDO
SDUD83GH'36HSXHGHREVHUYDUTXHODDOLPHQWDFLyQUHSUHVHQWDHOPD\RU

>@
 *$1$'(5Ì$'('2%/(3523Ð6,72

FRVWR VROR SRU FRQFHSWR GH VXSOHPHQWDFLyQ OR TXH FRQFXHUGD FRQ OR
PHQFLRQDGRSRU&DOGHUyQHWDO6DODVHWDO

&XDGUR'HVJORVHGHFRPSRQHQWHVHQSRUFHQWDMHGHORVFRVWRVGHSURGXFFLyQ
FRQVLGHUDQGRHOFRVWRGHODPDQRGHREUDIDPLOLDU&02)\VLQFRQVLGHUDUHOFRVWRGH
ODPDQRGHREUDIDPLOLDU602)

     &&3URP

&02)

&RVWRGHSURGXFFLyQNJ     

OHFKHSURGXFLGD

$OLPHQWDFLyQ     

02)     

02&     

&RPEXVWLEOH     

 602)

$OLPHQWDFLyQ     

02&     

&RPEXVWLEOH     

&&$OLPHQWDFLyQFRQFRQFHQWUDGRFRPHUFLDO
)XHQWH(ODERUDFLyQSURSLDFRQLQIRUPDFLyQGH(VSDU]D
6DOYDGRUHWDO6DODVHWDO

&RQUHVSHFWRDOD02)HQHOHVFHQDULR&02)GHOFXDGURpVWDUHSUHVHQWD
HQSURPHGLRHOGHOFRVWRGHSURGXFFLyQSURPHGLR(QHOVHJXQGR
HVFHQDULR 602) DO HOLPLQDU HO FRVWR GH OD 02) HO FRVWR SRU FRQFHSWR GH
DOLPHQWDFLyQLQFUHPHQWDVXSRUFHQWDMHGHSDUWLFLSDFLyQD$QLYHOQDFLRQDO
VH UHSRUWD TXH OD DOLPHQWDFLyQ UHSUHVHQWD   GHO FRVWR GH SURGXFFLyQ SRU
FRQFHSWRGHDOLPHQWDFLyQORFXDOHVPHQRUHOSRUFHQWDMHUHSRUWDGRHQHVWH
HVWXGLRVyORTXHFRQXQFRVWRGHSURGXFFLyQPHQRUDOFRVWRSURPHGLRGH
SURGXFFLyQGHXQNJGHOHFKHDQLYHOQDFLRQDO

[157]
 (678',2662&,$/(6<(&21Ð0,&26'(/$352'8&&,Ð13(&8$5,$

(QDPERVFDVRVFRQ\VLQLQFOXLUHOFRVWRGHOD02)ODDOLPHQWDFLyQVLJXH
VLHQGRHOSULQFLSDOFRPSRQHQWHGHOFRVWRGHSURGXFFLyQGHXQNJGHOHFKH$QWH
HOHVFHQDULRDFWXDOGHEDMRSUHFLRGHOHFKHSDJDGRDOSURGXFWRU\DODIDOWDGH
PHUFDGR SDUD OD OHFKH IOXLGD QDFLRQDO SRU ODV LPSRUWDFLRQHV EDUDWDV ORV
SURGXFWRUHVGHEHQVHJXLUH[SORUDQGRHVWUDWHJLDVGHDOLPHQWDFLyQTXHSHUPLWDQ
UHGXFLUFRVWRVGHSURGXFFLyQD~QPiVGHIRUPDTXHORVSURGXFWRUHVHQSHTXHxD
HVFDODVHDQFRPSHWLWLYRV\SXHGDQFRQWLQXDUFRQODDFWLYLGDGSHFXDULD
(Q JHQHUDO ODV 83 GH '3 GHO VXURHVWH GHO (VWDGR GH 0p[LFR FXHQWDQ FRQ
UHFXUVR WLHUUD GH PDQHUD DPSOLD D SDUWLU GHO FXDO SRGUtDQ LQFUHPHQWDU OD
VXSHUILFLHGHFXOWLYRRLQFUHPHQWDUODHILFLHQFLDGHORVFXOWLYRVGHPDt]ORTXHD
VXYH]OHVSHUPLWLUtDUHGXFLUWDQWRFRVWRVGHSURGXFFLyQFRPRGHSHQGHQFLDGH
LQVXPRVH[WHUQRV

&RQFOXVLRQHV

/RVUHVXOWDGRVSHUPLWHQFRQFOXLUTXHODHODERUDFLyQGHVXSOHPHQWRVEDVDGRVHQ
PDt]PD]RUFD SURGXFLGR HQ OD XQLGDG GH SURGXFFLyQ FRPSOHPHQWDGR FRQ
FDQWLGDGHVHVWUDWpJLFDVGHSDVWDGHVR\DXUHD\PHOD]DSHUPLWHQORJUDUFRVWRV
GHSURGXFFLyQGHOHFKHFRPSHWLWLYRVSUHVFLQGLHQGRGHFRQFHQWUDGRVFRPHUFLDOHV
DVHJXUDQGRODYLDELOLGDG\SHUVLVWHQFLDGHODVSHTXHxDV83HQHOODUJRSOD]R

/LWHUDWXUDFLWDGD

$OEDUUiQ3RUWLOOR%HQLWR5HEROODU5HEROODU6DPXHO*DUFtD0DUWtQH]$QDVWDFLR
5RMR5XELR5RODQGR$YLOpV1RYD)UDQFLVFD\$UULDJD-RUGiQ&DUORV0
 6RFLRHFRQRPLF DQG SURGXFWLYH FKDUDFWHUL]DWLRQ RI GXDOSXUSRVH
IDUPVRULHQWHGWRPLONSURGXFWLRQLQDVXEWURSLFDOUHJLRQRI0H[LFR7UR
SLFDO$QLPDO+HDOWKDQG3URGXFWLRQ²'2,V

&DOGHUyQ5REOHV5HQp&$JXLODU%DUUDGDV8EDOGR\/DJXQHV/DJXQHV-XYHQFLR
(YDOXDFLyQHFRQyPLFDGHODVXQLGDGHVGHOHFKHUtDWURSLFDO\GREOH
SURSyVLWR GHO VLWLR H[SHULPHQWDO /DV PDUJDULWDV FRVWR GH SURGXFFLyQ
PDUJHQEUXWR\SXQWRGHHTXLOLEULR/RVJUDQGHVUHWRVSDUDODJDQDGHUtD

>@
 *$1$'(5Ì$'('2%/(3523Ð6,72

+DPEUH SREUH]D \ FULVLV DPELHQWDO &DYDOORWWL 9 % 0DUFRI $ & ) \
5DPtUH]9%8QLYHUVLGDG$XWyQRPDGH&KDSLQJRSS
(O )LQDQFLHUR  /LFRQVD GHMy GH FRPSUDU OHFKH D SURGXFWRUHV
GH -DOLVFR (Q KWWSZZZHOILQDQFLHURFRPP[HFRQRPLDOLFRQVDGHMR
GHFRPSUDUOHFKHDSURGXFWRUHVGHMDOLVFRKWPOFRQVXOWDGDHQDJRVWR
GH
(VSDU]D-LPpQH]6KHUH]DGD5HVSXHVWDSURGXFWLYD\HFRQyPLFDDODVXSOH
PHQWDFLyQHQYDFDVGREOHSURSyVLWRHQ=DFD]RQDSDQ(VWDGRGH0p[LFR
7HVLVGH0DHVWUtD8QLYHUVLGDG$XWyQRPDGHO(VWDGRGH0p[LFR(O&HUUL
OOR3LHGUDV%ODQFDV7ROXFD(VWDGRGH0p[LFRS
*DUFtD+/$$QiOLVLVGHOD3HTXHxD3URGXFFLyQ/HFKHUDHQ0p[LFRDSDU
WLUGHOD5HQWD*DQDGHUD(Q0HPRULDVGHO´6HPLQDULR7DOOHU1DFLRQDOHQ
6LVWHPDVGH3URGXFFLyQGHOHFKHHQ3HTXHxD(VFDOD&HQWURGH,QYHVWL
JDFLyQ HQ &LHQFLDV $JURSHFXDULDV )DFXOWDG GH 0HGLFLQD 9HWHULQDULD \
=RRWHFQLD8QLYHUVLGDG$XWyQRPDGHO(VWDGRGH0p[LFR7ROXFD0p[LFR
SS
/$&72'$7$3UHFLRVGHJUDQRVHLQVXPRV(Q KWWSODFWRGDWDLQIRLQ
GLFDGRUHVFXDGURV\JUDILFRV&RQVXOWDGDHQMXOLRGH
/$&72'$7$D/HFKHGHYDFDDYDQFHGHSURGXFFLyQtQGLFHVLQGLFDGRUHV
(Q KWWSODFWRGDWDLQIREROHWLQSURGXFFLRQGHOHFKHGHYDFD &RQVXO
WDGDHQDJRVWRGH
/$&72'$7$E/HFKHGHYDFD3UHFLRVPHUFDGRVQRWLFLDVtQGLFHVLQGLFD
GRUHV (Q KWWSODFWRGDWDLQIREROHWLQSUHFLRVGHODOHFKHGHYDFDUH
VXPHQ&RQVXOWDGDHQDJRVWRGH
/$&72'$7$F/HFKHGHYDFDLQGLFDGRUHVUHODFLyQSUHFLRFRVWRGHODOHFKH
(Q KWWSODFWRGDWDLQIREROHWLQUHODFLRQSUHFLRFRVWRGHODOHFKH
&RQVXOWDGDHQVHSWLHPEUHGH
/$&72'$7$D3URGXFFLyQGHOHFKHGHERYLQR(QKWWSODFWRGDWDLQIRER
OHWLQSURGXFFLRQGHOHFKHGHYDFD&RQVXOWDGDHQIHEUHURGH
2UWL] 5RGHD $UWXUR *DUFtD 0DUWtQH] $QDVWDFLR 5RMR 5XELR 5RODQGR (VSDU]D
-LPpQH]6KHUH]DGD\$OEDUUiQ3RUWLOOR%HQLWR6XVWHQWDELOLGDGVR
FLRHFRQyPLFDGHOVLVWHPDGHSURGXFFLyQERYLQRGH=DFD]RQDSDQ(VWDGR

[159]
 (678',2662&,$/(6<(&21Ð0,&26'(/$352'8&&,Ð13(&8$5,$

GH0p[LFRHQLos grandes retos para la ganadería: Hambre, pobreza y

crisis ambiental&DYDOORWWL9%0DUFRI$&)\5DPtUH]9%8QLYHU
VLGDG$XWyQRPDGH&KDSLQJRSS
3RVDGDV'RPtQJXH]5RGROIR5$UULDJD-RUGiQ&DUORV0DQG0DUWtQH]&DVWD
xHGD)UDQFLVFR( &RQWULEXWLRQRIODERXUWRWKHSURILWDELOLW\DQG
FRPSHWLWLYHQHVV RQ VPDOOVFDOH GDLU\ SURGXFWLRQ V\VWHPV LQ FHQWUDO
0p[LFR7URSLFDO$QLPDO+HDOWKDQG3URGXFWLRQ²
5HEROODU5HEROODU6DPXHO+HUQiQGH]0DUWtQH]-XYHQFLR*RQ]iOH]5D]R)HOLSH
$OEDUUiQ3RUWLOOR%HQLWRDQG5RMR5XELR5RODQGR&DQDOHV\0iU
JHQHVGH&RPHUFLDOL]DFLyQGHOTXHVRDxHMRHQ=DFD]RQDSDQ$UFKLYRVGH
=RRWHFQLD²
6DODV5H\HV,VHOD*$UULDJD-RUGiQ&DUORV05HEROODU5HEROODU6DPXHO*DUFtD
0DUWtQH]$QDVWDFLR\$OEDUUiQ3RUWLOOR%HQLWR(YDOXDFLyQGHODVRV
WHQLELOLGDGHQ83GREOHSURSyVLWRGXUDQWHODpSRFDGHOOXYLDVHQ=DFD
]RQDSDQ(VWDGRGH0p[LFR(QSeguridad alimentaria y Producción ga-
nadera en unidades campesinas.&DYDOORWWL9%5DPtUH]9%&HVtQ9
$5RMR0*\0DUFRI$&)8QLYHUVLGDG$XWyQRPD&KDSLQJRSS

6DODV5H\HV,VHOD*$UULDJD-RUGiQ&DUORV05HEROODU5HEROODU6DPXHO*DUFtD
0DUWtQH]$QDVWDFLR\$OEDUUiQ3RUWLOOR%HQLWR$VVHVVPHQWRIWKH
VXVWDLQDELOLW\RIGXDOSXUSRVHIDUPVE\WKH,'($PHWKRGLQWKHVXEWURS
LFDO DUHD RI FHQWUDO 0H[LFR 7URSLFDO $QLPDO +HDOWK DQG 3URGXFWLRQ
²
6DODV5H\HV,VHOD*XDGDOXSH5HVSXHVWD3URGXFWLYD\(FRQyPLFDGH7UHV
1LYHOHVGH3URWHtQD&UXGDHQ6XSOHPHQWRV2IUHFLGRVD9DFDV/DFWDQWHV
HQXQ6LVWHPD'REOH3URSyVLWRHQ=DFD]RQDSDQ(VWDGRGH0p[LFR0H
PRULDVGHO,,,&RQJUHVR1DFLRQDO\,,,QWHUQDFLRQDOHQ&LHQFLDV$JURSH
FXDULDV\5HFXUVRV1DWXUDOHV8QLYHUVLGDG$XWyQRPDGHO(VWDGRGH0p
[LFR)DFXOWDGGH&LHQFLDV$JUtFRODV&HQWURGH,QYHVWLJDFLyQ\(VWXGLRV
$YDQ]DGRVHQ)LWRPHMRUDPLHQWR7ROXFD(VWDGRGH0p[LFR

>@