



EF
121
  121 ‫א‬
‫א‬
 EF 

 

 W،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬        ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 ‫א‬         ‫א‬   ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

‫א‬???EF?‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬     ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬      
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬      
  121 ‫א‬

 EF 

 
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
?‫א‬‫?א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬?? ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬WW‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬



  121 ‫א‬

 EF 

 W‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬K?‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،
 K‫א‬

،‫א‬،‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 EF 

‫א‬
‫א‬

1
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ {‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬W‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 {‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    
 K‫א‬ 

‫א‬ ‫א‬       ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  
 K

-1-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ∗
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ∗
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ∗
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ∗
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ∗

 W‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬10
 K‫א‬20

 W‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K112



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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬


 W‫א‬J 1J 1
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬


W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 2J 1
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

drilling ‫א‬ milling ‫א‬ turning ‫א‬‫א‬
shaping ‫א‬ grinding ‫א‬ sawing ‫א‬
boring ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ broaching ‫א‬
planning ‫א‬

 W‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ،‫א‬   •
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬ {‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ •
 K

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 3J 1
‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬  ‫א‬       
‫א‬    ،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Castings‫א‬ •
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬forgings‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬      •
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

Cutting Motions‫א‬J 4J 1

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ EK1-1F‫א‬
‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
{‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬   {     ‫א‬
، ‫א‬       ‫א‬ ‫א‬     
 K‫א‬‫א‬

-4-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 

[2]‫א‬WE1-1F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
WCutting Motion‫א‬J 141
 WWorkpiece‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
 K‫א‬tool‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W Feed Motion‫א‬W241
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬ 
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬
Setting the Cutting Depth MotionW‫א‬J 341
‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬     
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬    K‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬     K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E21F‫א‬
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 
‫א‬
 EF
 121

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


 ‫א‬

‫א‬E3  ‫א‬E2  K‫א‬(1 

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬E5 K‫א‬E4
 K‫א‬‫א‬WE21F‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 WThe Cutting Process‫א‬J 51

 WChip Formation E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬J 151
 ،‫א‬   {  ‫א‬ {‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬E ß1F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬E31F‫א‬

[2] , [14]‫א‬WE31F‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 251
‫א‬    KEγF ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬     ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 W،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KContinuous Chip‫א‬ Shear Chip‫א‬ Broken Chip‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4J 1F‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 




[14]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE4.1F‫א‬

 ‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬
   ‫א‬   
°5 > ‫زاوﻳﺔ ﺟﺮف‬ °5<‫א‬  °15Zγ‫א‬
 °32 = ‫زاوﻳﺔ ﻗﺺ‬ °25 = ‫زاوﻳﺔ ﻗﺺ‬ °19 = Ф ‫زاوﻳﺔ ﻗﺺ‬

  ‫א‬       EF  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  χ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬   E5J 1F ‫א‬
‫א‬Fh‫א‬‫א‬A ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 KEd‫א‬Fb‫א‬‫א‬Ef
 
 A = b . h = d . f [mm2]

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


[14]χ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE5.1F‫א‬
 WBuilt -Up Edge‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 61
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬


[14]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE6.1F‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 KL80 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 WGenerated Heat‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 71
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 1F‫א‬K  º 850 < ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ E7 1F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E6
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬


[2]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WEK71F‫א‬ [2]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WEK71F‫א‬

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬      K‫א‬‫א‬     ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ {‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬    K ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  {‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
    {‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
 K‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 Cooling and Lubrication‫א‬‫א‬J 81

  K ‫א‬       ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬
  .
 ،‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
  ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E Mineral OilsF‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬
‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬ ‫א‬،
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E3 1F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E21F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 



 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 L19  ‫א‬‫א‬

  ‫א‬‫א‬
 L132  25
 L170  50
 L227  75
  ‫א‬
 L19  
 L227  
  ‫א‬
 L11–8  25
 ‫א‬xL0.4  
  ‫א‬
 L76  
 L151  
 ‫א‬L0.75  ‫א‬
  EF
 L38  
‫א‬‫א‬x ‫א‬L0.45  
  
 LL11  
 LL19  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE11F‫א‬
[9]

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

  
‫ א‬ ‫ א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
J 
GPO - GPO – GPO -
HDO -S S HDO – S S HDO - S S ‫א‬
HDS GPS HDS GPS HDS GPS 
HDAC HDAC HDAC HDAC HDAC HDAC 
GPO - GPO – GPO -
HDO - S S HDO – S S HDO - S S ‫א‬
HDS HDS HDS HDS HDS HDS 
GPO - S GPS GPO – S GPS GPO - S GPS 

HDO - GPO - HDO – GPO – HDO - GPO -
NS NS NS NS NS NS ‫א‬،‫א‬
GPO - GPO - GPO – GPO – GPO - GPO -
NS NS NS NS NS NS 
GPO - GPO - GPO – GPO – GPON - GPO -
NS NS NS NS NS NS ‫א‬
HDO - GPO - HDO – GPO – HDO - GPO -
NS NS NS NS NS NS 

HDS HDS HDS HDS HDS HDS ‫א‬‫א‬
HDAC HDAC HDAC HDAC HDAC HDAC
GPS GPS GPS GPS GPS GPS ‫א‬
[9]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE2J 1F‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 GPO General purpose mineral oi   GPO General purpose mineral oi
 ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬
 GPO General purpose mineral oil   GPO General purpose mineral oil
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 HDAC Heavy duty aqueous coolantGPAC General purpose aqueous coolant
 stainingJ NS Non‫א‬   S Staining‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬K‫א‬E1


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2


 K‫א‬E3


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E5


 K‫א‬‫א‬E6


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E7


 K‫א‬‫א‬E8


 K،‫א‬‫א‬E9


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E10


 ‫؟‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E11


 ‫א؟‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E12


 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E13


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E14


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E15


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E16
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬E17


 EF     K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫أ‬

EF   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ب‬

EF ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ج‬

EFK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ح‬

EFK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫خ‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


E F   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫د‬

EFK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ذ‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E18


 W‫א‬ J 

 K…  …  …

 W‫א‬ J 

 K‫א‬…  ‫א‬…  …

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 

 K‫…א‬ ‫א‬‫…א‬  ‫א‬‫…א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 

 Kº850<… º250J 150… º 150>…



 WE19


 K‫א‬‫א‬ (‫أ‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ب‬

KEF‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ت‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ث‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 ‫א‬‫א‬E20

- 16 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 Cutting Parameters ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬

 WJ 1J 2
 K‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬W‫א‬
 W ‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J  ‫א‬‫א‬J  ‫א‬J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J J
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬        ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 W[m/min] Cutting Speed ‫א‬J 2J 2
K‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
،‫א‬‫א‬
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬KE2F ‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E 2F
 KEL‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬  
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
   ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   K‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬        •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ •
K‫א‬
KFinishing •
KRoughing‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬

 (n)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 n =1000* V / πd   

 [m/min]‫א‬VW
 [rev/min] ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬n  
 [mm] K‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬d  
 3.14Zπ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E5J 2FE4-2F،E3-2F،E2-2F،E1-2F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WFeed Speed [mm/rev]‫א‬J 3J 2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬    K         ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K ‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
KMild steel‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬   E5-2F E4-2F ، E3-2F ،E2-2F ،E1-2F ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬

 WDepth of Cut [mm] ‫א‬J 4J 2
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬KK 
،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K 
‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬   •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ •
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   •
K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

- 19 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


‫א‬ ‫א‬ L‫א‬

   
 L 140 200J 160 360J 220

H.S.S  H.S.S  H.S.S 

90 – 220 - 150 - 110 -
0.8 0.2 - 0.4 125 320 56 - 71 200 25 - 36 140
56 – 140 - 100 - 71 -
1.6 0.2 - 0.8 100 250 32 - 63 180 16 - 32 120
71 - 45 -
3.2 0.2 - 1.6 32 - 80 200 20 - 50 63 - 140 10 -- 25 100
63 -
4.8 0.2 - 1.6 25 - 71 180 16 - 45 56 - 125 10 -- 25 36 – 90
45 -
6.4 0.2 - 1.6 25 - 63 140 16 - 40 36 - 120 8 -- 20 25 – 80

9.6 0.4 - 2.4 16 - 45 40 - 90 10 – 25 32 – 80 6 -- 16 20 – 56

12 .7 0.4 - 3.2 10 -- 40 36 - 90 8 -- 25 25 – 71 4-- 16 32 – 50

19 0.4 -- 3.2 10 -- 25 25 - 55 7 -- 16 20 – 40 3 -- 8 20 – 50

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE1-2F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
[9]K120–90‫א‬‫א‬

- 20 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 



‫א‬ ‫א‬ L‫א‬
   
 L 160 200J 160 360J 220
H.S.S  H.S.S  H.S.S 
110 – 71 – 63 –
0.8 0.2 - 0.8 63 - 90 160 32 - 50 120 20 – 32 100
100 – 63 –
1.6 0.2 - 0.8 50 - 80 140 25 - 45 110 16 – 25 56 – 90
63 –
3.2 0.2 - 1.6 32 - 71 140 20 - 40 45 - 90 10 – 25 40 – 71
63 –
4.8 0.2 - 1.6 32 - 63 125 16 - 32 36 - 80 9 – 20 32 – 71
56 –
6.4 0.2 - 1.6 25 - 63 120 16 - 32 36 - 71 8 – 20 25 – 63

9.6 0.4 - 3.2 20 - 40 36 – 80 9 -- 20 32 - 56 5 – 16 25 – 45

12 .7 0.4 - 2.4 16 - 40 25 – 80 8 -- 20 32 - 50 5 -- 10 20 – 40
0.4 --
19 3.2 10 - 36 20 – 71 7 -- 20 25 - 45 4 -- 10 20 -32
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE2J 2F‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 [9]‫א‬K120–90‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ L‫א‬

 L ،‫א‬ ،، ،‫א‬

H.S.S  H.S.S  H.S.S 

110 – 280 –
o.8 0.1 - 0.4 56 - 90 150 - 250 90 - 150 220 - 400 200 500
180 –
1.6 0.1 - 0.8 32 - 71 100 - 220 56 - 120 140 - 300 71 – 150 400
110 –
3.2 0.1 - 1.6 20 - 63 63 - 180 32 - 95 71 - 250 40 – 120 300
71 –
6.4 0.1 - 1.6 16 - 45 40 - 140 25 - 80 46 - 180 36 – 110 250
45 –
9.6 0.1 - 2.4 9 -- 40 25 - 140 16 - 71 32 - 150 20 – 90 200

- 21 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE3J 2F‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 [9]KK120–90‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬       –‫א‬  –   
‫א‬

‫ﺧﺮاﻃﺔ‬ ‫ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬/ ‫م‬ 24 - 37 18 - 37 46 - 107 18 - 46 61 - 91 183 - 549 46 91

‫أﺳﺘﻘﺮاﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ دورة‬/ ‫ﻣﻢ‬ 0.3 - 3.8 0.3 - 3.8 1.3 - 0.38 0.5 - 0.13 0.3 - 2.5 0.25 – 2.5 1.5 1.5

‫ﺧﺮاﻃﺔ‬ ‫ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬/ ‫م‬ 30 - 46 38 - 61 61 - 122 37 - 61 76 - 152 183 - 549 91 122

‫ﺗﺸﻄﻴﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ دورة‬/ ‫ﻣﻢ‬ 0.08 - 0.25 0.08 - 0.25 0.2 - 0.1 0.2 - 0.13 0.1 - 0.25 0.1 - 0.25 0.38 0.25

‫ﺗﺤﺰﻳﺰ‬ ‫ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬/ ‫م‬ 15 - 23 15 - 27 37 - 61 30 - 37 30 - 61 107 - 152 46 91

‫و ﻓﺼﻞ‬ ‫ دورة‬/ ‫ﻣﻢ‬ 0.25 - 2.03 0.25 - 1.5 0.2 - 0.1 0.15 - 0.1 0.25 - 0.76 0.25 – 1.3 0.25 0.13

‫ﺗﺠﻮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬/ ‫م‬ 60 - 125 18 - 38 43 - 11 20 - 30 61 - 91 549 46 61

Boring ‫ دورة‬/ ‫ﻣﻢ‬ 0.13 - 0.5 0.13 - 0.5 0.13 - 0.1 0.13 - 2.5 0.13 - 0.5 0.2 – 1.5 0.5 0.5

‫ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬/ ‫م‬ 24 - 55 18 - 40 30 -- 11 14 - 20 61 - 91 154 - 549 30 91

‫ﺗﻔﺮﻳﺰ‬
‫واﺟﻬﻲ‬ ‫ دورة‬/ ‫ﻣﻢ‬ 0.13 - 0.5 0.25 - 3.3 0.13 - 0.76 0.13 - 0.38 0.25 - 0.76 0.25 – 1.3 0.13 - 0.76 0.13 – 0.5

‫ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬/ ‫م‬ 12 -- 30 18 - 30 11 -- 30 12 -- 18 61 - 91 152 - 549 30 61

‫ﺗﻔﺮﻳﺰ‬
‫ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ‬ ‫ دورة‬/ ‫ﻣﻢ‬ 0.13 - 0.5 0.25 - 3.3 0.13 - 0.76 0.13 - 0.38 0.25 - 0.76 0.25 – 1.3 0.13 - 0.76 0.5-0.13

Rough turningZ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ recessingZ

finish turningZ‫א‬ CutoffZ
Face millingZ‫א‬ Periphery millingZ
 [9]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE42F‫א‬
/ ‫ﺳﺮﻋﺔ اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ )ﻣﻢ‬ / ‫ﺳﺮﻋﺔ اﻟﻘﻄﻊ )م‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬
(‫ﻋﻤﺮ اﻷداة ) دﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻖ اﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬ (‫دورة‬ (‫دﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻼدة‬ ‫ﻣﺎدة اﻟﺸﻐﻠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬
‫آﺮﺑﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺮاﻣﻴﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻢ‬ ‫آﺮﺑﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺮاﻣﻴﻚ‬ ‫آﺮﺑﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺮاﻣﻴﻚ‬
‫ﻣﻄﺮوﻗﺎت‬ ‫ﺧﺮاﻃﺔ‬
17 55 0.51 0.25 0.25 168 366 ‫روآﻮﻳﻞ‬32 ‫ﺻﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻋﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺒﻮآﺎت‬ ‫ﺧﺮاﻃﺔ‬
21 18 4.75 0.51 0.64 198 1524 ‫ﺑﻴﺮﻧﻴﻞ‬241 ‫زهﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﺸﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻄﺮوﻗﺎت‬ ‫ﺧﺮاﻃﺔ‬
28 15 6.35 0.41 0.46 213 549 ‫ﺑﻴﺮﻧﻴﻞ‬200 ‫ﺻﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺧﺸﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺒﻮآﺎت‬ ‫ﺧﺮاﻃﺔ‬
33 23 4.75 0.41 0.51 198 671 ‫ﺑﻴﺮﻧﻴﻞ‬241 ‫زهﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﺸﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻄﺮوﻗﺎت‬ ‫ﺧﺮاﻃﺔ‬
36 63 0.51 0.25 0.25 152 610 ‫روآﻮﻳﻞ‬32 ‫ﺻﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻋﻤﺔ‬
 K[9]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ WE52F‫א‬

- 22 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E1


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2


 K‫א‬E3


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E5


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E6


 K‫א‬E7


 K‫א‬‫א‬E8


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E9


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E10


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E11


 WE12
 EF  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E


 EF  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E


   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬     E
 EFK‫א‬


 EF     K‫א‬‫א‬E

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 Cutting Tools
 W‫א‬‫א‬J 13
{E‫א‬‫א‬F {F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{E
‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬ •
{ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬‫א‬  {‫א‬‫א‬   •
 ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  {‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬      
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬   •
K‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E1 3F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 



[2]K‫א‬‫א‬WE13F‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 23
 W‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
  {‫א‬    W‫א‬ ‫א‬  •
 KKKK{{
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬ •
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ،‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬
K‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬ ،‫א‬  ‫א‬  W‫א‬ ‫א‬  •
‫א‬       ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

- 25 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  •

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E43F،E33F،E23F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


WE23F‫א‬
[2]K‫א‬‫א‬



[9]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE33F‫א‬


- 26 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


[9]WE43F‫א‬


 WTool Angles‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 33
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E53F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


[2]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE53F‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬     W     ‫א‬‫א‬   
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ،‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬




- 27 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


   ‫א‬‫א‬
J 8‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EγF‫א‬‫א‬
 Kº20

40‫א‬  EβF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬º7060‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬º50
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E‫א‬αF‫א‬‫א‬
 Kº85

 ‫א‬‫א‬ ε F ‫א‬  ‫א‬
      Kº90J 11  E‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EχF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 Kº90J 0
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E53FE33FE13F‫א‬‫א‬
 WTool Signature ‫א‬‫א‬J 43
‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ISO ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 ISO2 DIN4972 L 25q k10  
 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ISO2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ DIN4972
 K‫א‬  L 
 K25‫א‬  25q
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K10

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 5–3
K‫א‬     ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K
         ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ،º200 
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    K      ‫א‬
º 600 ،‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬   
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K(HSS) ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬   EInserts F  
‫א‬‫א‬º900‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
Kº1200‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،H‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EKKKK،‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E63F،E43F،E23F‫א‬‫א‬


   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬  
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 EFE F
[1]KEFEFWE63F‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


1870‫א‬‫א‬E63F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 W{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬{‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

    ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- 30 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
،
8 - 10 7 J 0 6-8 7-9 ،‫א‬
8 - 12 0 - 12 8 - 10 8 - 10 1045SAE 
10 - 14 0 - 14 7-9 7-9 1112SAE 
10 - 16 0 - 14 7-9 7-9 1335SAE 
8 - 10 0 - 10 7-9 7-9 3135SAE 
8 - 10 0-8 7-9 7-9 6140SAE 
8 - 12 0-5 6-8 10 J 8 
15 0 14 12 - 14 
4-6 0 8 - 10 8 - 10 
12 - 20 0 - 16 12 - 14 12 - 14 
0-8 0 6 - 10 8 - 10 
0 - 10 0-2 8 - 12 10 - 12 
SAE = Society of automative Engineers
 EF‫א‬‫א‬
[9]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE13F‫א‬







- 31 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 



٪‫א‬‫א‬
     AISI
Co V Mo W Cr C Type
‫א‬
1 8.5 1.5 4 0.85 M1
2 5 6 4 1.05 M2
2 8.75 1.75 4 1 M7
8 1.15 9.5 1.5 4 0.9 M 33
8 1.15 9.5 1.5 3.75 1.1 M 42
‫א‬
1 18 4 0.75 T1
8 2 18 4 0.8 T5
5 2 14 4 0.75 T8
5 5 12 4 1.5 T 15

 [9]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE23F‫א‬

- 32 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
10 – 20 10J 0 6 - 10 6 - 10 ‫א‬
15 – 20 0-4 6-8 6-8 
5J 8 0-5 6-8 6-8 ‫א‬
6-7 0-7 5-8 5-8 
‫א‬
6-7 0-7 5 - 10 5 - 10 1020SAE
SAE 
6-7 0-7 5-8 5-8 1025
6-7 0 -7 5-8 5-8 
–
6-7 70 - 5 -- 10 5 -- 10 EF
F–
6-7 0 -7 5-8 5-8 E

 [9]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE33F‫א‬





- 33 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


‫א‬‫א‬
   
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٪ ٪ ٪ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
  3 97 P10
  6 94 P20
‫א‬‫א‬  8 92  P50
‫א‬‫א‬ ،، 10 5 85 M10
‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬،
  8 14 78 M20
  6 15 79  M40
‫א‬‫א‬ ، 4 30 66 K10
‫א‬‫א‬
 ، 5 50 45 K20
 ، 6 60 34  K40

[9]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE43F‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
8 - 20 8 - 20 7 7 
8 8 5 5 
4 0 5 5 
4 4 5 5 
8 - 20 8 - 20 7 7 
 [9]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE53F‫א‬

- 34 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


٪‫א‬‫א‬
100 525‫א‬ TX - 90 ‫א‬

41.5 - 43.5 40 - 45 42 - 45 ‫א‬

max 1.5 1 -- 7 1 -- 7 ‫א‬
32.75 -
34.25 25 - 30 27 - 32 ‫א‬
18.25 -
19.25 16 - 21 14 - 19 ‫א‬
1.85 - 2.05 2 -- 4 2-4 ‫א‬
3 -- 8 2 -- 5 ‫א‬
max 0.75 1 -- 3 1 -- 3 ‫א‬
max 2 2 -- 5 2 -- 5 ‫א‬
0.4 - 0.6 0.3 - 0.7 0.3 - 0.7 ‫א‬
0.85 - 1.05 ‫א‬

 [9]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE63F‫א‬

- 35 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 WTool Wear ‫א‬‫א‬J 63

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WJ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬
   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫• א‬
K‫א‬
 WJ ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬Flank Wear Land‫א‬‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Wear Crater‫א‬‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E73F‫א‬


[14]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE73F‫א‬
 BK‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬{
 0,3  0,25 Cd / CmK‫א‬‫א‬ 1,6  1,2‫א‬‫א‬

- 36 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


Cm‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ Cd ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WTool Life‫א‬‫א‬W73
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K480،180،12090،60،30‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 W‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 V.Tn = C
 W
 K[m/ min]‫א‬V
 K‫א‬‫א‬T
 K‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬C
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬n

 ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 1–0.60.25–0.20.5 – 0.1n
 W‫א‬‫א‬J 173
 WE1F
L  284  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  2  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
L 232 ‫א‬‫א‬K 10‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K60‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬30‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
V10= π d n / 12 = π(2) (284) / 12 = 149 f/min
V60 = π d n / 12 = π (2) (232) / 12 = 122 f/min
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬‫א‬E1F‫א‬
n n
= C = V2 T2 V1 T1
V1 / V2 = (T2 / T1) n
149 /122 = (60 / 10) n
1.22 = 6n n = 0.11

C = VTn = 149 (10) 0.11 = 149 (1.288) = 192

V T0.11 = 192
V30 = 192 / (30)0.11 = 192 / 1.455
 V30 = 132 fpmin (L)
KL122‫א‬‫א‬30‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
Ln = 12 v / π d = (12)(122)/ π(2) n =233
‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K = V . Tn . fn1 . d n2
 W
 0.8J 0.5Z‫א‬ K
 0.4J 0.2Z‫א‬ f
 ‫א‬d
 0.80.5‫א‬n1
 0.40.2‫א‬n2
 :E2F
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬AISI 2340 J
 2.035 = VT 0.13 f 0.77 d 0.37
L75Z‫א‬‫א‬100‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KL0.0125Z0.1
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 20%‫א‬‫א‬ (1
 20%‫א‬‫א‬ (2
 20%‫א‬‫א‬ (3
 20%‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (4
 W‫א‬
20%‫א‬‫א‬E1
V = 1.2 x 75 = 90 (f / min)
T = K / V f d = 2.035 / 90 (0.0125)0.77 (0.1)0.37
n1 n2

= 2.035 (0.034) (0.426) = 1.56

T = 1.561 / 0.13 = 1.567.7
 = 31min
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 20%‫א‬‫א‬E2
f = 0.0125 0 1.2 = 0.015 iprELF
T0.13 = 2.035 / 75 (0.015)0.77 (0.1)0.37 = 2.035 / 75 (0.038) ( 0.426)
T = (1.67)7.7 = 31min
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪20‫א‬‫א‬E3
d = 1.2 x 0.1 = 0.12 in
T0.13 = 2.035 / 75 (0.0125)0.77 (0.12)0.37 = 2.035 / 75 (0.034) ( 0.456)
T = (1.745)7.7 = 73 min

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 20%‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4
V = 90 fpm, S = 0.014 ipr, d = 0.12 mm
Τ = K /VSn1d n2 = 2.035/ 90(0.0125)0.77 (0.1)0.37
T0.13 = 2.035 / 90 (0.038) (0.456) =
= 7.5 min T = (1.3)7.7
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،7.5100

- 39 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E1


 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E3


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4


 ‫؟‬γ‫א‬‫א‬E5


 ‫؟‬λ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E6


 ‫؟‬αs‫א‬‫א‬α ‫א‬‫א‬E7


 ‫؟‬β‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E8


 ‫؟‬χ‫א‬‫א‬E9


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬E10


 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬E11


 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E12



 K‫א‬‫א‬E13


 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E14


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E15


 WEFEFE16
 EF ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 EF‫א‬‫א‬E
 EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E




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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E17
 W‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬…‫א‬……
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
‫א‬…‫א‬‫א‬…  ‫א‬ …
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬…‫א‬‫א‬…‫א‬…
 W‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬‫א‬…‫א‬‫א‬…‫א‬‫א‬…


 WE18
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫أ( א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ب‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ت‬

 K?‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ث‬


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E19


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E20


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E21


 K‫א‬‫א‬E22


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E23


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E24


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 Cutting Forces‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WJ 1J 4
‫א‬‫א‬ Fs‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Fz‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬KFSN‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،Φ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E14F‫א‬


 [2]‫א‬WE14F‫א‬
 W‫א‬
‫א‬{ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ (‫ت‬
 K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ج‬

 ‫א‬  E FixturesF‫א‬E

 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬,
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 WCalculation of Cutting Force‫א‬J 24

21‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
Richter, Kronenberg,        K ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Taylor, Merchant and Kinziele
 ،‫א‬  ،‫א‬    ،‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬   
 K،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬Kinziele
Fc = b . h . ks
z
ks= ks.1.1 / h = ( 3 – 5) σs

 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬ h K‫א‬‫א‬b
 K1Z‫א‬‫א‬1Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Ks.1.1
K‫א‬z
 K‫א‬ σs
 E14F‫א‬zk s.1.1 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 



‫א‬
Ks1.1 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
kp * mm-2 Z [kp * mm-2]

176 0.17 50 42

199 0.26 52 50
211 0.17 62 60
222 0.14 67 ck 45c,45 ‫א‬
213 0.18 77 ck 60c,60 ‫א‬
210 0.26 77 16Mn Cr 5
225 0.3 63 18Cr Ni 6
224 0.21 60 34Cr Mo 4
250 0.25 73 42 Cr V 4
174 0.24 94 55 NiCrMoV 6
192 0.24 HB 352 55NiCrMoV 6 
255 0.18 60 - 70 
332 0.22 
160 0.17 30 - 50 45
205 0.19 Rc 46 
95 0.2 hB 200 15J 
116 0.25 HB 200 25
65 0.24 
78 0.19 HB80 - 120 
65 0.24 HB30 - 42 ‫א‬
10N/mm2‫א‬ kp/mm2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE14F‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W1J 4‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
2‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬1.2–1.1
 ‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬0.9
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ 1.5J 1.3
‫א‬‫א‬L125‫א‬‫א‬1.2J 1.1

WCalculation of Machine Power ‫א‬J 34
 Pc = FC. V / 102 . 60 [kw]  Pc‫א‬
 W
 K[ N]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FC   K[m / min]‫א‬ V
 K‫א‬‫א‬102‫א‬60‫א‬
‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
η‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ K‫א‬
 WEF
Pmotor = Pc / η [kw]   
 K‫א‬ 0.90.7η
 WCutting Force Components ‫א‬J 44
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E14F‫א‬
K‫א‬    ‫א‬        
Fp FaF ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E24F‫א‬
 KFcFFFa

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 



[14]‫א‬WE24F‫א‬

 W
‫א‬   67%    Etangential componentF ‫א‬ ‫א‬  FC
‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬

K‫א‬ ‫א‬   %27    Eradial componentF ‫א‬ ‫א‬  Fp
K‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 12<‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬

- 46 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


EF ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KEsteady or follower restF

K‫א‬ ‫א‬   %6   Eaxial componentF ‫א‬ ‫א‬  FF
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K

WFactors affecting the Cutting Force ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 54
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫أ‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ب‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ت‬

K‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ث‬

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ج‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ح‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫خ‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬E1


 ‫؟‬‫א‬E2


 ‫؟‬‫א‬E3


 K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4


 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬E5


 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E6


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E7


 K‫א‬‫א‬E8


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E9


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E10


 ‫؟‬‫؟‬‫א‬E11


 WE12
 KEF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫أ‬

 KEF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 EF‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬E


  L  45   st 50 ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ E13
2
 2.4‫א‬
 W‫א‬K2L2000Ks.1.1‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ (‫أ‬

K‫א‬ (‫ب‬

K0.8Zη‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ت‬

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 EF
‫א‬
‫א‬

2
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
،‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬،‫א‬ W‫א‬
 ،‫א‬     ، ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ 
‫א‬  ‫א‬   ،   ،‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
      ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
K     ،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬ •
K‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 Drilling‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬

 E1-5
، {‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ، ‫א‬    ، E‫א‬F    ،E‫א‬F  
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬      ، ‫א‬  
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ W   ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ،‫א‬     ‫א‬  K‫א‬    
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬E15F‫א‬
         Drilling  ‫א‬  E2  5F ‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ Counter Boring‫א‬K
 K‫א‬


[14]K‫א‬WE15F‫א‬


- 54 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 




[14]‫א‬‫א‬WE25F‫א‬

 W‫א‬E2-5
،،W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬، ،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E125
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
–1Twist Drill‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K‫א‬    0.8 – 0.1      60
116‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
K‫א‬ ˚140 130 ‫א‬˚125 120،‫א‬ ◦118
  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ F ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 KE‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 



 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E35F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    WShank‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ WCutting Part‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ WEFluteF‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   WMagrin‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 
 ‫א‬K1  ‫א‬K1
‫א‬‫א‬K2  ‫א‬K2
 ‫א‬‫א‬K3 K3
 ‫א‬K4  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K5  ‫א‬K4
 ‫א‬K6  ‫א‬K5
 ‫א‬K6

[2]K‫א‬‫א‬WE35F‫א‬


- 56 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E45F‫א‬K

[14]K‫א‬‫א‬WE45F‫א‬
‫א‬K،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ E1J 5F

- 57 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


[2]K‫א‬WE15F‫א‬

- 58 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 WCounter Boring‫א‬E35
 ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ،      ‫א‬   
– 8E‫א‬F K‫א‬ 
˚90 ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ˚75 ،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ˚60   ‫א‬  80
   K‫א‬   ˚120 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
K‫א‬    ‫א‬   ،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬     
    ‫א‬  K‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
E2 5F ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬E5 5F‫א‬K٪ 50 – 30‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

[2]K‫א‬WE55F‫א‬


- 59 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


[2]‫א‬‫א‬WE25F‫א‬

- 60 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 WReaming‫א‬E45

‫א‬‫א‬ 0.04‫א‬
 0.005 ‫א‬‫א‬K IT 10
    ،        K IT 8    
 K IT 6    0.001‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ 14 – 6‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬0.1‫א‬ 0.3K‫א‬
d = 0.005 . D + 0.1 [mm]W‫א‬K
E3J 5F‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬E6 5F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  
J   ‫א‬J 
[5]K‫א‬‫א‬WE65F‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 



[2]K‫א‬‫א‬WE35F‫א‬

- 62 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬E5-5
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE4.5F‫א‬K

[2]‫א‬WE45F‫א‬


- 63 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E6J 5
،‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬ E7 5FE6 5F،E 5 5F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

‫א‬   st  
 60 ‫א‬
J 100 J 30 30J 12 40J 30 
150 60 ‫א‬
0.6–0.1 –0.1 0.6–0.1 0.4–0.1 
0.6
‫א‬

[2]‫א‬WE55F‫א‬

  

–50 > <
70 200 200 100> 100< ‫א‬
0.4 -- 0.3 --
0.2 -- 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.3 -- 0.5 0.2 -- 0.4 25 – 40
0.4 --
0.3 -- 0.6 0.5 -- 1 0.8 0.4 -- 0.8 0.2 -- 0.3 40 – 60
6 – 10 8 -- 15 6 -- 12 8 -- 12 6 – 10 ‫א‬
[2]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬WEJ 65F‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 



L‫א‬
‫א‬  
<
 200 200> 70< 70> ‫א‬
0.63 -
0.8 0.25 -0.4 0.63 - 0.8 0.11 - 0.18 0.25 - 0.4 5
0.8 - 0.9 0.4 - 0.5 0.8 - 0.9 0.18 - 0.22 0.4 - 0.5 5–8
0.9 0.50.56 0.9 0.22 - 0.25 0.5 - 0.56 8 – 10
0.9 - 0.1 0.56 0.71 0.9 - 1 0.25 - 0.31 0.56 - 0.71 10 – 15
0.71 --
1 - 1.12 0.8 1 - 1.12 0.31 - 0.35 0.71 - 0.8 15 – 20
1.12 0.8 -- 0.9 1.12-.25 0.35 - 0.4 0.8 - 0.9 20 – 25
1.12 -
1.25 0.9 - 1 1.25 0.4 - 0.45 0.9 - 1 25 – 30
1.25 1 - 1.1 1.25 0.45 - 0.5 1 - 1.1 30 - 40
1.25 --
1.4 1.1 - 1.25 1.25- 1.4 0.5 - 0.56 1.1 - 1.24 40 – 50
1.4 1.25 1.4 1.4 0.56 - 0.63 1.25 - 1.4 50 – 60

> 1.4 > 1.4 > 1.4 > 0.63 > 1.4 60<
12 – 20 7 -- 10 12 -- 14 3 -- 5 6 -- 12 ‫א‬
[9]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬WEJ 65F‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 




ELF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
63 50 40 31.5 25 20 16 12.5 10 8 6.3 5 m/min ‫א‬
0.63 0.63 0.56 0.56 0.5 0.5 0.45 0.45 0.4 0.4 0.36 0.36 22.4
12.5 -
0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.11 0.1 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.05 10
1.4 1.25 1.1 1 0.9 0.8 0.71 0.63 0.56 0.5 0.45 0.4 8 - 6.3
0.36 0.32 0.32 0.28 31.5
0.32 0.28 0.25 0.22 0.2 0.18 0.16 0.14 40
0.25 0.22 0.22 0.2 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 50 st 60
0.63 0.63 0.56 0.56 0.5 0.5 0.45 0.45 0.4 0.4 0.36 0.36 31.5
0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.11 0.1 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.05 25 - 20
1.4 1.4 1.25 1.25 1.12 1.12 1 1 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 14
0.36 0.32 0.32 0.28 0.28 50 
0.32 0.28 0.25 0.22 0.2 0.18 0.16 0.14 63
0.22 0.22 0.2 0.2 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 71 
0.5 0.45 0.45 0.4 0.4 0.36 0.36 0.32 0.32 0.28 0.28 0.25 80 - 63
0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.11 0.1 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.05 50 –28
1.4 1.4 1.25 1.25 1.12 1.12 1 1 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 25
0.32 0.32 0.28 0.28 0.25 0.25 140–12
0.32 0.28 0.25 0.22 0.2 0.18 0.16 0.14 80 - 63 
140-
0.32 0.22 0.2 0.2 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 125 ‫א‬
0.5 0.45 0.45 0.4 0.4 0.36 0.36 0.32 0.32 0.28 0.28 0.25 20 - 16
0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.11 0.1 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.05 12.5-10
1.4 1.4 1.25 1.25 1.2 1.12 1 1 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 12.5-10 
0.36 0.32 0.32 0.28 20
0.4 0.36 0.32 0.28 0.25 0.22 0.2 0.18 25 
0.25 0.22 0.22 0.2 0.2 0.18 0.18 0.16 31.5 22

[9]‫א‬‫א‬WE7J 5F‫א‬
 W‫א‬E7J 5
‫א‬  ‫א‬ {‫א‬ ‫א‬ {‫א‬    ‫א‬    ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬   F    E8  5F ‫א‬ K ‫א‬ ‫א‬
KE‫א‬
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 




[1]KUpright drillWE75F‫א‬
K4speed pole changing motor
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Off/forward/ reverse switch
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Speed control switch
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Hand feed lever
‫א‬ Morse taper spindle ‫א‬‫א‬Spindle head
‫ א‬Work table ‫א‬ Table slides Column
 Base ‫א‬‫א‬Table elevating handle
‫א‬Table elevating screw

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  K‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  Column‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 
K  Work table‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬
 K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬
 K‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬   ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬    E8  5F ‫א‬ K ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬


[9]‫א‬WJ 8J 5

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 8K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ – 8 – 5‫אא‬KK‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 




[9]KWE-85F‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬‫א‬E85
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
in [N] F = (f . D / 2) . ks
 W
 KEd‫א‬F‫א‬2LD  KELF‫א‬ f
k z ‫א‬h‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K s.1.1  s k
 K55E1.4F‫א‬‫א‬
  K‫א‬‫א‬σKh = (f / 2) sin σ‫א‬h‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
in [kW] Pc = (f . D2 / 8) ks . (n / 97400)
 η‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
in [kW] Pmotor = Pc / η
WCutting Time‫א‬‫א‬E9J 5
 W‫א‬
tc = L / n . f
 WE9J 5F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L
L = lx + lb + lwp + la
 ELF‫א‬ f  ELF‫א‬‫א‬ n
lx = (D / 2 . tan σ / 2) ‫א‬lx


[2]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE95F‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W
K‫א‬ (1


K،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (2
‫؟‬‫א‬ (3
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (4
K‫א‬ (5
‫؟‬‫א‬ (6
K‫א‬‫א‬ (7
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ (8
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (9
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ (10
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (11
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (12
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (13
K‫( א‬14
K‫א‬ (15
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (16
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (17
42012‫א‬ (18
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬2L
L1000‫א‬‫א‬{º116Zσ‫א‬‫א‬،L0.22
K0.9Zη‫א‬‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬19
 KL1500Z‫א‬‫א‬J   K35Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
 KL0.4Z‫א‬J     16Z‫א‬J
 K5Z‫א‬J    5Z‫א‬J
 K‫א‬J    º120Zσ‫א‬‫א‬J

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 Turning ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 WE1-6
  ‫א‬   ،‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ?‫א‬?‫א‬
KSymmetrical Workpieces ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬  
K ‫א‬‫א‬E16F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 E ‫א‬E
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
EFacingF ETurningF
[2]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE1J 6




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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 WTypes of Turning Processes‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2–6

‫א‬ K   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  
KE26F‫א‬


[2]‫א‬‫א‬WE2J 6F‫א‬

WTypes of Lathe Machines ‫א‬‫א‬E36
 W ‫א‬‫א‬
 K،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،W‫א‬
 K‫א‬W‫א‬
 K،،W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Center Lathe‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬     Facing Lathe ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K

 ‫א‬‫א‬ Copying Lathe‫א‬‫• א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E
 

E‫א‬ ‫א‬F Capstan Lathe E‫א‬F Turret Lathe‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬

    ،   F Special Lathes   •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE
 K‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬  ‫א‬      Vertical Lathe ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
 K‫א‬

K،‫א‬،EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 K‫א‬‫א‬E36F‫א‬

[9] J 


[9]J 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


[9]‫א‬J 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 J 
[9]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE36F‫א‬
‫א‬  K‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 WComponents of the Lathe‫א‬E4J 6

‫א‬‫א‬E46F‫א‬
 K‫א‬

[2]K‫א‬‫א‬WE46F‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬Bed ‫ א‬J
K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  head Stock ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫ א‬J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬    Tail Stock E‫א‬ ‫א‬F ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫ א‬J
K‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Spindle‫א‬‫א‬ J
K‫א‬‫א‬Lead ScrewE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WFeed Shaft ‫א‬ J

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Carriage‫ א‬J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Bed Slide WaysE‫א‬F‫א‬ J
  K‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ Cross Slide ‫א‬‫ א‬J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Upper Slide ‫א‬‫ א‬J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K،‫א‬K‫א‬Tool Box‫א‬ J
K‫א‬
 ‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬‫א‬E5J 6
 K‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬    ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E5 6F‫א‬K‫א‬ 
 KE66F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬


[5]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE56F‫א‬





[5] WE66F‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


WFixtures‫א‬E6J 6


‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 WK‫א‬‫א‬


 WChuck‫ א‬J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 100 >‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬


 WChuck and Center‫א‬‫ א‬J

    ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ K 100 <  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬


 WThe Face Plate‫ א‬J

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬


 WTwo Centers J
‫א‬    K   ،‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Lathe Carier or Dog


 WThe Clamp Chuck or Collet‫א‬‫ א‬J

 K12>‫א‬‫א‬


WSteady or Follower Rest‫ א‬J

‫א‬E12<F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬
 K


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ J


 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
- 82 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E76F‫א‬

 
  J     J ‫א‬

   ‫א‬  

    ‫א‬ 

 

 EF  EF
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


[5]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE76F‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬E76
H‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬ = ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬  
 K
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 tc = L / n .f minutes
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬n‫א‬FK‫א‬  tc

 WL K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L
L = lb + lwp + la
 K‫א‬la  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬lwp
 ‫א‬‫א‬ lb
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E86F‫א‬


 K‫א‬‫א‬WE86F‫א‬



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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E8J 6
  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   K‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬   ،‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ 
  ،    ‫א‬‫א‬ ،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K،‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


،‫א‬{‫א‬{F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
KE 


 W {‫א‬ -
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 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ { F ‫א‬ ‫• א‬

 E
F‫א‬ •
 KE
F‫א‬‫• א‬
 ECNC
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ -
{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
 E‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  F ‫א‬ ‫א‬   -
 K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬‫א‬ -
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬‫א‬E9-6
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E196
EMild SteelF st 50 ‫א‬
 K10‫א‬‫א‬E96F‫א‬‫א‬


 K‫א‬‫א‬WE96F‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬
 K8540‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K100>‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬ J
 KEHHF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬ J
WE106F‫א‬‫א‬ J

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 



 E1F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 E2F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E3F‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E4F
 ‫א‬
 E5F

 K‫א‬WE106F‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬J
 K‫א‬‫א‬E2FE1F
 K‫א‬E4FE3F
 K‫א‬E5F
 KE‫א‬ F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬J
 KL20ZV‫א‬{L2Zf‫א‬{2.5Zd‫א‬E1F‫א‬
 n
 n =1000.V / 3.14 . D
40=159.3 [R /min]14 ..n = 1000 . 20 / 3
  KE1F‫א‬E2F‫א‬
 KEnF{L20ZV L2Zf  1Zd E3F‫א‬
 K????L20ZV L2Zf 9.5 Zd E4F‫א‬
 K???L28ZV L0.063Z f 0.5 Zd E5F‫א‬
 KPmax‫א‬‫א‬J
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 KE4F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
 W‫א‬
Fc = b. h. Ks
z
Ks= Ks.1.1 / h Fc = d. f. Ks
Ks= 199 / 2 = 5276 [N.mm2]
0.26

Fc = 9.5 . 2 . 199 / 20.26 = 13287.2 [ N]

Pmax = Fc . V / 60 . 102

Pmax = (13287.2)/ 6120 = 2.171 [kW]

 0.8η‫א‬‫א‬
 WPmotor‫א‬‫א‬
Pmotor = Pmax / η = 2.171 / 0.8 = 2.71 [kW]
 ‫א‬‫א‬_
  tc = L / n . f          ‫א‬
 20‫א‬30Z‫א‬،3Z‫א‬‫א‬
L = lb + lwp + la
= 3 + 30+ 0 = 33 mm
n = 1000 . 20 / 3.14 . 30 = 212 [r / min]
tc = 33 / 212 . 2 = 33 / 424 = 0.07 [ min]
 W‫א‬J
 ، ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 WTaper Turning‫א‬‫א‬E296
 W‫א‬ {‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫אא‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E116F‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 



[5]K‫א‬‫א‬WE116F‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
α =D–d/2L
 W‫א‬ (‫أ‬
‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬E126F‫א‬


 K‫א‬WE126F‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ج‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


º10Z‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K750–500
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬E136F‫א‬


[5]K‫א‬WE136F‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ح‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K     ‫א‬‫א‬   
  E14  6F ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ K‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 



‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WEJ 146F‫א‬
[5]K‫א‬

235‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬º6‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WEJ 146F‫א‬

AC = 235 . tan 6º = 235 . 0.0523 = 12.3 mm

‫א‬‫א‬ 20F 20:1‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬E1
 11.75Z20L235Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 5.88Z2L11.75Z‫א‬

 WScrew Turning‫א‬‫א‬E396

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E156F‫א‬
- 92 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 



[2]‫א‬‫א‬WE156F‫א‬

‫א‬FE6F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E7F‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ KE‫א‬FE4F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬
E‫א‬FE3F‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
،E8F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EZ2 F‫א‬EZ1F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬E8F
 E2F‫א‬‫א‬LE1F‫א‬‫א‬
 E1F‫א‬‫א‬LE 2 F‫א‬‫א‬Z
 2L1Z2L1
 6Z‫א‬‫א‬3Z‫א‬
 2L1Z6L3Z2L1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
      ‫א‬   ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E1F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE16  6F‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


[2]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE16  6F‫א‬

- 94 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W
K‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬1


K‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬2


K‫א‬‫( א‬3
K‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬4


W‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬5
 W‫א‬‫א‬ (‫أ‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬J  K‫א‬J  K‫א‬‫א‬J

 W‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ب‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J K‫א‬‫א‬J
 K‫א‬‫א‬J
 W‫א‬‫ج( א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
 K‫א‬‫א‬J
 K‫א‬‫א‬E
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J  K‫א‬J
 K‫א‬J


K‫א‬‫א‬ (6


‫א؟‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫( א‬7


‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (8


‫؟‬‫א‬ (9


‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (10


K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬11


‫؟‬‫א‬ (12


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (13


W‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬14
 W‫א‬E
 K100>‫א‬J  K100>‫א‬J  K100<‫א‬J
 W‫א‬E
 ‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J K100<‫א‬J
  K12>
 W‫א‬‫א‬E
 KJ  100>‫א‬J 12>‫א‬J


 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (15


 ‫א؟‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ (16


 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (17


‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ (18


‫؟‬‫א‬ (19
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (20
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (21
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (22
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ (23
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (24
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (25
W‫א‬‫א‬E1F‫א‬‫א‬ (26

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 



‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (27


K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (28
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (29


 Kº5‫א‬250‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E30


K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E31


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E32
 60Z‫א‬J    K4Z‫א‬J
 L0.4Z‫א‬J  KL25Z‫א‬J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J  K20‫א‬J
 K0.8Zη‫א‬‫א‬J 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


  Milling ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 WE1J 7
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 {   ،‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ،‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
  K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬ ،E‫א‬ F ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬EPeripheral milling F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E1 7F‫א‬KE Face millingF ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬


[14]K‫א‬WE17F‫א‬

 ‫א‬L‫א‬fz  ‫א‬b   ‫א‬d
‫א‬ae    ‫א‬‫א‬φs

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


WMilling Applications ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E27

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E27F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

[2]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE27F‫א‬



 WMilling Machines‫א‬E37
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  W   
 KE37F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


[14]KWE37F‫א‬

 7F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬ ،‫א‬  KE4
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬






- 100 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 




[9]WE47F‫א‬
‫ א‬Bed Cross Saddle Vertical Saddle
 Crossrail ‫א‬‫א‬Spindle Carrier ‫א‬Work Surface
- 101 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 WMilling Cutters ‫א‬E4J 7

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W ‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WJ
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬J
 K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬J
 K{{{ WJ
 K{{W‫א‬‫א‬J
 K‫א‬‫א‬E57F‫א‬

- 102 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 



[4]K‫א‬WE57F‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬E5J 7
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬

ft = fz . z. n
- 103 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ n
 KELF‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ z
 KELFE‫א‬‫א‬F{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  zf
 KEKF‫א‬  ft
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E1 7F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬




[2]K‫א‬‫א‬WE17F‫א‬
- 104 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬‫א‬E6-7
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 L = lb + lwp + la[mm]

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E67F‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE67F‫א‬
  
 W‫א‬E77
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ W ‫א‬        
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬      
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬‫א‬E177
‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬EK7.7FEK7.7F

Conventional EK7.7F‫א‬ [14]Climb MillingWEK7.7F‫א‬

 Milling
 ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬
K       ‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
Ftotal = Fc . zie
zie = z. φs / 360
Cos φs = 1 – 2d / D
 W
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ z
 ie

 K‫א‬ z
 K‫א‬‫א‬ φ
 s

 K‫א‬ d
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


K‫א‬ D
 K‫א‬‫א‬E87F‫א‬


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬WE87F‫א‬
Cos φs = ((D / 2 – d) / (D / 2) = 1 – 2d / D
zie / z = φs / 360
zie = (z . φs ) / 360
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Fc = b . hm . ks
ks = ks.1.1 / hm
Hm = (114.6 / φs) . fz . (d / D)
 KEF‫א‬‫א‬  hmW
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E277
      ‫א‬‫א‬     ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬
 W‫א‬u‫א‬‫א‬
 u = 0.05 d
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬d  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬d
 E‫א‬F  E‫א‬‫א‬F
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 D= 1.33 . b  d =1.66 . b

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E97F‫א‬


[14]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE97F‫א‬

 W‫א‬E1277
‫א‬‫א‬     ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
 K
   ‫א‬ hm ‫א‬‫א‬     ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 KE107F‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE107F‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
hm = (57.3 / φs) . fz . sin χ ( cos φ1 – cos φ2)
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


φs = φ2 – φ1
cos φ1 = 2 B1 / D
cos φ2 = 2 B2 / D
zie = z . φs / 360º
 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ zie
 K‫א‬ z
 K[°]‫א‬‫א‬ χ
 K‫א‬ D
 K‫א‬ d
 W‫א‬‫א‬E1J 8F
‫א‬‫א‬E 50 Kp/mmF ST 50‫א‬
 KE117F‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬3
 W
 H.s.s.‫א‬‫א‬  8Zz‫א‬  80ZD‫א‬
 50Z‫א‬   γZº12    χ = 90º


 E1J 8F‫א‬WE11J 7F‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬
 {d‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 KL0.1ZEL‫א‬Ffz 
 KL25ZE‫א‬FV 
 0.26Zz  199ZKs.1.1 
[kW] Pc = Ftotal . V / 102 . 60
Ftotal = Fc . zie
zie = z . φs / 360º
Cos φs = 1 – 2 d / D
= 1 – (2 . 3 / 80)  
= 1 – (6 / 80)  
= 80 – (6 / 80)  
= 74 / 80  
= 0.925 
φs = 22º 20´ = 22.33º

zie = (8 . 22.33) / 360 = 0.497

Fc = b . hm . ks
hm = (114.6 / 22.33) . 0.1. (3 / 80) = 0.0193 mm
ks = ks.1.1 / hz = 199 / 0.01930.26 = 5600 N . mm2
Fc = 50 . 0.0193 . 5600 =540.4 N
Ftotal = 540.4 . 0.497 = 268.6 N
 Pc = 268.6 . 25 / 6120 = 1.1 kW


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 WSpur Gear E87

K ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬  K  ‫א‬   ‫א‬   
 (Dividing Head) ‫א‬K‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬E127F‫א‬

[5]‫א‬‫א‬WE127F‫א‬

{ 40E5F‫א‬‫א‬E4F‫א‬W‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬ E13F ‫א‬    K ‫א‬  E2F ‫א‬  ‫א‬ E3F ‫א‬
‫א‬E7F‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
171615F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E86F
‫א‬KE493743413937FE333129272321FE201918
‫א‬{E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬  40‫א‬

E10F‫א‬E11F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E12F‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 W
 K‫א‬18 
 W‫א‬
18L 4 2Z 18L 40Z‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬
 K 18‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W1
‫א‬ {‫א‬ 40‫א‬‫א‬ 18‫א‬
K1818‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W2
‫א‬E  12‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬F 12L4
Z 12L 4Z 27L 9K‫א‬ 9   27‫א‬، 12
 K3L1

 W3
K‫א‬‫א‬ 59L40K 59
KDifferential Dividing Head ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
E Z1 , Z2, Z3, Z , Z4F ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

- 112 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


K‫א‬‫א‬E137F‫א‬



[5]K‫א‬‫א‬WE137F‫א‬


- 113 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬E1


 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬E2


 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E3


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4
 W‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬J ‫א‬J ‫א‬J
 W‫א‬‫א‬E
‫א‬‫א‬J   ‫א‬J 
 J 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬J   ‫א‬J   ‫א‬J   ‫א‬J 
 W‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬‫א‬J   ‫א‬J 
 K‫א‬‫א‬J 


 ‫؟‬‫א‬E5


 ‫؟‬‫א‬E6


 WE7
 EF    K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
 EF       K‫א‬‫א‬J
 EF    K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
 EF    K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
 EF    K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J


 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬E8


 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬E9


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬E10


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E11
 K‫א‬


 K‫א‬‫א‬E12


 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E13


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E14


 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E15


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E16


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E17


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E18


 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E19


 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬E20


 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E21


 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E22


2
4‫א‬ L 600‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E23
K 75 12،‫א‬‫א‬
 K10545‫א‬
   0.8 ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
 K8‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 K‫א‬E24


 K‫א‬‫א‬E25


 K‫א‬K24E26


 ‫؟‬‫؟‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E27
- 115 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 Grinding‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬

 E1-8
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،E 0.03 J  0.002F‫א‬  ‫א‬
، \ 0.12 J  0.02FE‫א‬‫א‬F
 K‫א‬E‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 KE18F‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



[5]K‫א‬WE18F‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2-8
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W{‫ א‬J
‫א‬Eµm4J 1F{Eµm8J 4F
 KEµm1J 0.25F J
 K‫א‬‫א‬{ J
- 116 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J

 K‫א‬‫א‬E2 8F‫א‬
 K



[5]‫א‬‫א‬WE2 8F‫א‬







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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 



 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E3 8F‫א‬

[5]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE38F‫א‬

 ‫א‬  E‫א‬ F ‫א‬ ‫א‬     E 4  8F ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


[2]‫א‬WE48F‫א‬


- 118 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 WGrinding Machines ‫א‬E38

 KE5 8F‫א‬

[14]KWE58F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬J
 K‫א‬   W‫א‬J
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬   WE‫א‬F‫א‬J
 K  W‫א‬J
 K W‫א‬J
 KEF‫א‬W‫א‬J
 K‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬J  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  WWheel Guard‫א‬‫א‬J

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 KE88F،E78F،E68F‫א‬

[9]K‫א‬‫א‬WE68F‫א‬

[5]KWE78F‫א‬

- 120 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


[9]K‫א‬‫א‬WE88F‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

- 121 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 WGrinding Wheels‫א‬E4J 8
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،  ‫א‬ 
 KVoids‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬    ‫א‬    ‫א‬    K‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

 WWheel Symbol‫א‬E148
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 A 46 k 5 v
 KEC ‫א‬AF‫א‬EAF‫א‬‫• א‬
180 J  80،  60J  30، 24 J  8F‫א‬E 46F‫• א‬
 KE3F‫א‬KE‫א‬600J 200،
Z ، U - Y، E - T،‫א‬ A - D F‫א‬E kF‫• א‬
 KE‫א‬
 KE‫א‬15J 9،8J 1F‫א‬E5F‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EvF‫א‬‫• א‬
 W،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ Vertified V
 Resinoid B
 Rubber R
   Shellac E
‫א‬ Sillicate S
  Magnesia Mg


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 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 Wheel Shapes‫א‬E248
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬E98F‫א‬


[1]K‫א‬WE98F‫א‬
 WWheel Selection‫א‬‫א‬E58
 W‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  •
- 123 -
‫א‪‬א‪ ‬‬ ‫‪ 121‬‬ ‫א‪‬‬
‫‪‬א‪ ‬‬ ‫‪ EF‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬

‫‪E6J 8‬א‪‬א‪ ‬‬

‫א‪E18F‬א‪‬א‪ K‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫اﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﻴﺔ ﻷﺣﺠﺎر اﻟﺘﺠﻠﻴﺦ‬

‫ﻣﻌﺎدن‬
‫اﻟﺰهﺮ اﻟﺼﻠﺐ‬ ‫آﺮﺑﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻔﻴﻔﺔ‬
‫م‪/‬ث م‪/‬ث‬ ‫م‪/‬ث‬ ‫م‪/‬ث‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻟﺘﺠﻠﻴﺦ‬
‫‪30‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪35‬‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻠﻴﺦ ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ‬
‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪20‬‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻠﻴﺦ أﺳﻄﺢ‬
‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪20‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻠﻴﺦ داﺧﻠﻲ‬

‫ﺳﺮﻋﺎت اﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺗﺒﻌًﺎ ﻟﻤﺎدة ﻗﻄﻌﺔ اﻟﺸﻐﻞ‬

‫واﻟﻤﺎدة اﻟﺮاﺑﻄﺔ‬
‫ﺳﺮﻋﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎدة‬ ‫ﻣﺎدة‬
‫م‪/‬ث‬ ‫اﻟﺮاﺑﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻟﺘﺠﻠﻴﺦ‬
‫‪15 -‬‬ ‫ﺻﻠﺐ‬
‫‪25 Vitrified‬‬ ‫ﻋﺪة‬
‫‪15 -‬‬
‫‪25 Vitrified H.s.s‬‬
‫‪up to‬‬
‫آﺮﺑﻴﺪ ‪45 Organic‬‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻠﻴﺦ أدوات‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎدن‬
‫ﺧﻔﻴﻔﺔ ‪15 Vitrified‬‬
‫زهﺮ و‬
‫ﺑﺮوﻧﺰ ‪25 Vitrified‬‬
‫ﺻﻠﺐ ‪30 Vitrified‬‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻠﻴﺦ ﻳﺪوي‬

‫‪- 124 -‬‬

  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


‫ دورة‬/‫ ﻋﺮض اﻟﺤﺠﺮ‬x ‫ﺳﺮﻋﺔ اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ ﻣﻢ‬

‫ﺗﺠﻠﻴﺦ داﺧﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻠﻴﺦ ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ‬
‫ﺗﺸﻄﻴﺐ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻘﺮاب ﺗﺸﻄﻴﺐ اﺳﺘﻘﺮاب‬ ‫ﻣﺎدة ﻗﻄﻌﺔ اﻟﺸﻐﻞ‬
0.2 - 0.5 - 0.5 - 0.6 -
0. 5 0.7 0.7 0.84 ‫ﺻﻠﺐ‬
0.2 - 0.2 - 0.3 - 0.25 -
0.4 0.3 0.5 0.4 ‫زهﺮ‬

 K‫א‬WE18F‫א‬
 W‫א‬E7J 8
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
[mm] L = lb + lwp + la
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E108F‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE108F‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 WSafety Rules in Grinding‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E8J 8

 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J
 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬ELF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫أ‬

 K‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ب‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 K‫א‬‫א‬E
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬E
 K‫א‬E
 K‫א‬E
 K‫א‬‫א‬E
‫א‬     ،‫א‬         E
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 K
 K‫א‬‫א‬E
 K‫א‬‫א‬E
 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ (‫أ‬

 W ‫א‬ (‫ب‬

 K‫א‬ ‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  E 
 ‫א‬F ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
،‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬،E
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K?‫א‬?



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 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W
K‫א‬ .a


K‫א‬ .b
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ .c
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .d
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ .e
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ .f
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬.g
‫؟‬‫א‬ .h
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬.i
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .j
K‫א‬‫א‬ .k
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .l
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .m
K‫א‬‫ א‬.n
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬.o









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 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
Nontraditional Machining Processes
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬1940‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬ J
K‫א‬ J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 KPlasma Arc Machining‫א‬‫א‬E1.9
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KL6‫א‬K1001
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬E1.9F‫א‬K‫א‬

[14]‫א‬WE1.9F‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬30000‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 WLaser Beam Machining‫א‬E2.9
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬E1.2.9F‫א‬KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬


 [14]‫א‬WE1.2.9F‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K1K‫א‬10‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


‫א‬K‫א‬L90‫א‬L6K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2.2.9F


 [14]‫א‬WE2.2.9F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
،‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 EE3.2.9F‫א‬‫א‬F



 [14]‫א‬‫א‬WE3.2.9F‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 WWater Jet Machining‫א‬E3.9

40000.50.1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
LK،8‫א‬LK،4‫א‬K1001
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E1.3.9F‫א‬


[9]K‫א‬‫א‬WE1.3.9F‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


WElectro Discharge Machining‫א‬‫א‬E4.9

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E1.4.9‫א‬K‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K

[14]K‫א‬‫א‬WE1.4.9‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2.4.9F‫א‬K

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 



[14]‫א‬‫א‬WE2.4.9F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،500000200
‫א‬EF ‫א‬‫א‬KK،1K،K3‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬12000‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E3.4.9F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 



[14]K‫א‬WE3.4.9F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KK،3K،1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬KK،7
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬E5.4.9F‫א‬

[14]K‫א‬WE5.4.9F‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


Electrochemical Machining‫א‬‫א‬E5.9
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E1.5.9F‫א‬K
 


 [9]‫א‬‫א‬WE1.5.9F‫א‬
E30–5F‫א‬‫א‬E40000–50F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KEK،8K،K3F‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 J  J  ‫א‬J  J
–60‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KL240
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬E2.5.9F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬

 

 [9]K‫א‬‫א‬WE2.5.9F‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬E3.5.9F‫א‬
 K‫א‬



 [9]K‫א‬‫א‬WE3.5.9F‫א‬




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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


Electron Beam Machining‫א‬‫א‬E6.9

 K‫א‬‫א‬E1.6.9F‫א‬


 [9]K‫א‬‫א‬WE1.6.9F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
EK،K5F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
12000‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KK،KK51K،K1 J
K6.3‫א‬ J
- K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


  ‫א‬ ‫א‬E10
 WE1.10
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬،،،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬KE NC–Numerical Control F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬
 ‫א‬
CNC - ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KComputer Numerical Control

،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬‫א‬E2.10
 W‫א‬‫א‬،
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J  K‫א‬‫א‬ J
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J    ‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬J    ‫א‬ J
K‫א‬J    ‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬J    ‫א‬ J
‫א‬J    ‫א‬ J
K‫א‬‫א‬J    ‫א‬ J
     ‫א‬J     ‫א‬ J
‫א‬J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K

 W‫א‬‫א‬E3.10
 W
T،‫א‬f،‫א‬S{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬NF J
 E‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬M03FM‫א‬ J
،‫א‬‫א‬M05،‫א‬‫א‬M07،‫א‬‫א‬
EE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬M10 ،‫א‬M60

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


G01F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G  J
‫א‬G97،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G02،
EE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 N10 G96 S200 F0.2 T01 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ N10
 ‫א‬ G96
 L200‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ S200
 KL0.2‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F0.2
 K1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ T01

‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4.10
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E1F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
KE3F‫א‬‫א‬E2F‫א‬E1F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE6F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E5F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4F‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 



[12]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE1F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E3F‫א‬KClosed Loop System
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E4F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬




[12]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE4F‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 
[12]‫א‬‫א‬WE3F‫א‬

 KWE4F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬




[9]WE4F‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 ‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬K‫א‬E1

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
K??‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
K،، J
 
 K‫א‬E3
 Cutting motion‫א‬
 WWorkpiece‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬tool‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  

 Feed Motion‫א‬
‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 Setting the Cutting Depth Motion‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4





 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E5



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 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 K‫א‬‫א‬E6


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E7


 K‫א‬‫א‬E8


K،‫א‬‫א‬E9



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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E10
‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
EϕF‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬WE31F‫א‬

 ‫؟‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E11
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ‫א‬
EF    
 °5<‫א‬   °5>‫א‬°15Z‫א‬
L15<  L15–5  
 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 ‫א؟‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E12
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E13
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E14
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E15
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،L80‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬K‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E16
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J
‫א‬K‫א‬
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬‫א‬E17

 EF     K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ث‬

EF   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ج‬

E‫א‬F  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ح‬

E‫א‬FK ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫خ‬

EF   K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫د‬

E‫א‬F     ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ذ‬

EF   K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ر‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E18
 ‫א‬ J 

     

 ‫א‬ J 

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 

 º800< º250J 150 º 150>

 WE19
 K‫א‬‫א‬E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬E1
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 ‫א‬E3
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬
2FEF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE2F‫א‬
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 KEL

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E5
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ •
K‫א‬
Finishing •
Roughing‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E6
 N‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 N=1000 V / πd 
 [m/min]‫א‬VW
 rev/min ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬N
 [mm] K‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬d

 ‫א‬E7
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


‫( وﺿﺢ أﺳﺲ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺳﺮﻋﺔ اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ‬8

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ •
‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
KMild steel‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬E9
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬K
 K

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E10
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


‫ اﻟﺠﻮدة واﻟﺘﻜﻠﻔﺔ‬،‫( ﺑﻴﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻋﻤﻖ اﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻹﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ‬11

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬

 E12

   K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 EF

F    ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 E

{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 EF

       K‫א‬‫א‬E
 EF

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E3
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬J   ‫א‬J

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬


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 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 ‫؟‬γ‫א‬‫א‬E5
 K‫א‬J

 ‫؟‬λ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E6
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J

 ‫؟‬αs‫א‬‫א‬α ‫א‬‫א‬E7
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J

 ‫؟‬β‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E8
 J

 ‫؟‬χ‫א‬‫א‬E9
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E10




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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬E11
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬?‫א‬?‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E13



 K‫א‬‫א‬E14
 ISO 2 DIN 4972 L 25 q k 10 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ISO 2 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬DIN 4972
 ‫א‬L 
 25‫א‬25 q
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 10

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E15
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J J  J

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E16
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬ ،
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 E17
 EF   K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 EF  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 EF      ‫א‬‫א‬E
 EF  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E18
 ‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬E
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E19
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ج‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ح‬

‫א‬1200‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W?‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫خ‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E20
‫א‬J   ‫א‬J   K‫א‬J

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E21
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J
K‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬ J

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E22
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 W‫א‬‫א‬E23
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E24
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E25
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬E1
‫א‬‫א‬Fs‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Fz‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KFSN‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،Φ



 ‫؟‬‫א‬E2
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
 K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EFixturesF‫א‬J
 K‫א‬

 ‫؟‬‫א‬E3
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4
 W‫א‬Kinziele
Fc = b . h . ks
z
‫א‬FKs= ks.1.1 / h = ( 3 – 5 σs
 W
 ‫א‬‫א‬ h   K‫א‬‫א‬ b
 1Z‫א‬‫א‬1Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Ks.1.1
 K‫א‬ z
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬E5
 K‫א‬‫א‬٪67Etangential componentF‫א‬‫א‬Ft
 K‫א‬‫א‬٪27Eradial componentF‫א‬‫א‬Fr
 K‫א‬‫א‬٪6Eaxial componentF‫א‬‫א‬Fa
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E6
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E7
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E8
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E9
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E10
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫؟‬‫א‬E11
 Pc = Ft . V / 102 . 60 [kw]  Pc‫א‬
 W
 [ N]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Ft  [m / min]‫א‬ V

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 K‫א‬‫א‬102‫א‬60‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
EFη‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 W
Pmotor = Pc / η [kw]   
 K‫א‬0.90.7η
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 WE12
  EF    K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ب‬

 EF     K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 EF      K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 EF      ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
‫א‬L45st 50‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E13
2L200Ks.1.1‫א‬‫א‬K222.4
 WK
K‫א‬E   ‫א‬ (‫ث‬

 0.8Zη‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
F = b . h . k s = A . Ks
A = b. h , b = d = 2 mm
2.4 = 2 . h
h = 2.4 / 2 = 1.2 mm
Ks = ks.1.1 / hn , n = 0.26
Ks = 200 / 1.20.26 = 190.7 kp/ mm2
F = 2.4mm2 . 190.7 kp / mm2 = 457.7 kp
P = F . V / 6120 = 457.7 . 45 / 6120 = 3.4 k

Pmotor = P / η = 3.4 / 0.8 = 4.2 kW

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬E1
،‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،E‫א‬F‫א‬،E‫א‬F‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
،‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬E2
K
 ‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫؟‬‫א‬E3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (4
 J J  J   ‫א‬J
K‫א‬ (5
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
E4F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬FE1F‫א‬E3F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬KE2F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 K‫א‬WE15F‫א‬

- 164 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


‫؟‬‫א‬ (6
 K،‫א‬،‫א‬ J
‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
K‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬ (7
K‫א‬K1  K‫א‬K1
KK2  K‫א‬K2
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K3
K‫א‬‫א‬K3  K‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬K4  K‫א‬K4

 K‫א‬K5  K‫א‬K5
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬K6
 K‫א‬K6

 K‫א‬‫א‬WE35F‫א‬

‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ (8
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J

K‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬9
 J J  ‫א‬J  J   J

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬E10
 K‫א‬‫א‬J
 KJ

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E11
  J
‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬ J

‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (12
 KIT 60.001‫א‬‫א‬

‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (13
 ‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J

 J  ‫א‬J 
 J   J 
 J 
K‫( א‬14
 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬J
  ‫א‬‫א‬J
 ‫א‬‫א‬J

K‫א‬ (15
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (16
 K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬


‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (17
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

L42012‫א‬ (18
L0.22‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬2
‫א‬L1000‫א‬‫א‬{º116Zσ‫א‬‫א‬،
K0.9Zη‫א‬

in [kp] F = (f x D / 2) . ks
= ( 0.22 . 12 / 2) . Ks
ks = 1.25 (ks turning)
Ks turning = ks.1.1 / hz
h = (f / 2) sin σ
h = (0.22 / 2) . sin 116
h = 0.11 . 0.8988 = 0.1
ksturning = 1750 / 0.10.17
= 123.6 [kp]
ks Drilling = 1.25 . 123.6 = 154.5 [kp / mm2]
F = (0.22 . 6) 1545 = 2039.33 [kp]
Pc = (f . D2 / 8) ks . (n / 97400) in [kW]
= (0.22 . 144 / 8) 154.5 ( 1000 / 97400)
= 3.96 x154.5 x 0.01 = 6.3 kW
Pmotor = Pc / η in [kW]
= 6.3 / 0.9 = 7 kW

- 167 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬19
 Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J   K35Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
 L1500
 KL0.4Z‫א‬J    K16Z‫א‬J
 K5Z‫א‬J    K5Z‫א‬J
K‫א‬J   º120Zσ‫א‬‫א‬J

tc = L / n x f
L = lx + lb + lwp + la
lx = {(D / 2) . tan σ / 2}
= {(16 / 2) . tan 120 /2) = (8 .1.732) = 13.85 mm
L = 13.85 + 5 + 35 + 5 = 58.85 mm
tc = 58.85 / 1500 x 0.4 = 58.85 / 600 = 0.1 min

- 168 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬2
‫א‬‫א‬E2F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E1F‫א‬
E5FKE4F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E3F
 K‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬3
 J   J   ‫א‬J   ‫א‬J  J
 KJ

K‫א‬‫( א‬4
،‫א‬،‫א‬،F‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E‫א‬F‫א‬،E
 W‫א‬‫א‬KE،،F

K‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬5
 ‫א‬J   ‫א‬‫א‬J   ‫א‬J  ‫א‬‫א‬J
 KJ

- 169 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


W‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬6
 W‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬J  ‫א‬‫א‬J  J

 W‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ت‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J   ‫א‬‫א‬J

 ‫א‬‫א‬J

 W‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ث‬

‫א‬J  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ج‬

‫א‬J   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J   ‫א‬J

 

KK‫א‬‫( א‬7
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J  ‫א‬J  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ‫א‬J
J  ‫א‬J ‫א‬J  ‫א‬‫א‬J  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
 K‫א‬
J   ‫א‬J  ‫א‬‫א‬J  ‫א‬‫א‬J
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א؟‬‫א‬‫( א‬8
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



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 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (9
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

‫؟‬‫א‬ (10
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (11
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

K‫אא‬‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬12
 K‫א‬‫א‬ (20
K‫א‬ (21
K (22
K (23

‫؟‬‫א‬ (13
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J

‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (14
 K‫א‬‫א‬J   K‫א‬J  KJ
 K‫א‬‫א‬J    K‫א‬J



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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


W‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬15
 W‫א‬E
 K100>‫א‬J   100>‫א‬J  100<‫א‬
 W‫א‬E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J   100<‫א‬J
  12>‫א‬J 
 W‫א‬‫א‬E
J  100>‫א‬J   12>‫א‬J
 K
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E15
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א؟‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬E16
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E17
K9

‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (19
‫א‬‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬H‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (20
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J   K‫א‬‫א‬J
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬J   K‫א‬J

‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (21
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 tc = L / n x f minutes
 ‫א‬ f  ‫א‬tc
 L K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L
‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ZL
 K
L = lb + lwp + la

‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ (22
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (23
{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


،‫א‬{‫א‬{F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
E

 W {‫א‬ -
 E‫א‬{F‫א‬‫• א‬
F‫א‬ •
 KE
F‫א‬‫• א‬
 KECNC
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KE

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ -
{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ -
‫א‬‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 K‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬‫א‬ -
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -

‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (24
 W‫א‬‫א‬ -
 E‫א‬{F‫א‬‫• א‬
F‫א‬ •
 KE
F‫א‬‫• א‬
 KECNC
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
E

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (25

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 




‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (26
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
K‫א‬‫א‬ -
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬27
 K‫א‬‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
K‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ -


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬28



 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Tan α = D – d / 2 L
= 37 – 30 / 2 x 40 = 7 / 80 = 0.0875
α = 5º
 º5‫א‬250‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E31
 AC = 250 . sin 5º = 250 .0.0871 = 21.775 mm

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E32


 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E33
 W‫א‬
 60Z‫א‬J   4Z‫א‬J
 L0.4Z‫א‬J  L25Z‫א‬J 
- 177 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 0.8Zη‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J  20‫א‬J

F = b . h . ks = d .f. Ks
, h = f = 0.4 mm b = d = 2 mm

, kx.1.1 = 1160 N / mm2 , n = 0.25 Ks = ks.1.1 / hn

= 1458.6 N / mm2 Ks = 1160 / 0.40.25
F = 2mm . 0.4mm . 1458.6 N / mm2 = 1166.9 N

P = F . V / 6120 = 1166.9 . 25 / 6120 = 4.76 kW

Pmotor = P / η = 4.76 / 0.8 = 5.95 kW

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬E1
‫א‬‫א‬{،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E‫א‬F
‫א‬EPrepherial Milling F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E1.7F‫א‬KEFace MillingF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬E2
 K -
K‫א‬ -

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E3
 W‫א‬‫א‬
  KJ  K‫א‬J  K J   KJ
 KJ  K‫א‬‫א‬J


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 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4
 W‫א‬‫א‬E
 K‫א‬J  K‫א‬J  K ‫א‬J

 W‫א‬‫א‬E
J  ‫א‬‫א‬J   K‫א‬J
 K

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 K‫א‬J   K‫א‬J   K‫א‬J   K‫א‬J

 W‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬‫א‬J   ‫א‬J
 K‫א‬‫א‬J

 ‫؟‬‫א‬E5
J   K‫א‬J   K‫א‬J   K‫א‬J   K‫א‬J
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J  K‫א‬‫א‬J  K‫א‬‫א‬J

 ‫؟‬‫א‬E6
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W ‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
 K{{{J

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 {{‫א‬‫א‬J

 WE7
 EF   K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
 EF       K‫א‬‫א‬J
 EF    K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
 EF    ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
 EF    ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬E8

ft = f z . z . n
 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ n
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ z
 E‫א‬‫א‬FK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  zf
 ‫א‬ ft

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬E9
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬E10
 K‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E11
 K‫א‬

- 181 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K

 K‫א‬‫א‬E12
‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
[mm] L = lb + lwp + la

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E13
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬J   ‫א‬‫א‬J
 K‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E14
 ‫ א‬-
‫ א‬-

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E15
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E16
zie = z. φs / 360
Cos φs = 1 – 2d / D
- 182 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬zie 
 K‫א‬z 
 K‫א‬‫א‬φs
 K‫א‬d
K‫א‬D

 

Hm = (114.6 / φs) . fz . (d / D)
 W
 ‫א‬‫א‬hm
 ‫א‬‫א‬φs
 ‫א‬d
 ‫א‬D
 ‫א‬fz

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E18
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
‫א‬‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E19
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- 183 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬E20
 W‫א‬u‫א‬‫א‬
u = 0.05 . d
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬d  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬d
 E‫א‬F  E‫א‬‫א‬F
 d= 1.33 . b D=1.66 . b

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E21

φs = φ2 – φ1

cos φ1 = 2 B1 / D

cos φ2 = 2 B2 / D

zie = z . φs / 360º

 W
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬zie
 K‫א‬ z
 ‫א‬D
 ‫א‬d

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E22

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
hm = (57.3 / φs) . fz . sin χ ( cos φ1 – cos φ2)

φs = φ2 – φ1

cos φ1 = 2 B1 / D

- 184 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


cos φ2 = 2 B2 / D

zie = z. φs / 360º

 W
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬zie
 K‫א‬ z
 ‫א‬‫א‬χ
 ‫א‬D
 ‫א‬d

4‫א‬2L600‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E23
K7512،‫א‬‫א‬
 K10545‫א‬
0.75‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K8‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬ {d‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬
 KL0.1ZEL‫א‬Fsz 
 KL25ZE‫א‬FV 
 0.26Zz  2L1990ZKs.1.1 
Pc = Ftotal . V / 102 . 60 [kW]
Ftotal = Fc . zie
zie = z. φs / 360º
Cos φs = 1 – 2 d / D
= 1 – 2 x 4 / 75
= 1 – 8 / 75
= 75 – 8 / 75
= 67 / 75
= 0.89
φs = 27º 40´ = 27.66º
- 185 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


zie = (12 . 27.66) / 360 = 0.922

Fc = b . hm . ks

hm = (114.6 / 27.66) . 0.1. (4 / 75) = 0.022 mm

ks = ks.1.1 / hz = 1990 / 0.0220.26 = 536.2 kp . mm2

Fc = 45 . 0.022 . 536.2 = 530.9 kp

Ftotal = 530.9 . 0.922 = 489.5 kp

Pc = 489.5 . 25 / 6120 = 1.9 kW

 ‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬
 fz . z . nZft‫א‬ 
n = 1000 . V / 3.14 . D 
= 1000 . 25 / 3.14 . 75 = 106.2 r p m
ft = 0.1 . 12 . 106.2 = 127.44 mm /min
 ‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬  
 0.955Z127.44L123Z127.44LE8H8H105FZ  
 K‫א‬E24
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬K

 K‫א‬‫א‬E25
{40E5F‫א‬‫א‬E4F‫א‬W‫א‬
‫א‬E13F‫א‬K‫א‬E2F‫א‬‫א‬E3F‫א‬
E7F‫א‬{‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E86F‫א‬
J 39J 37FE33J 31J 29J 27J 23J 21FE20J 19J 18J 17J 16J 15F
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬KE49J 47J 43J 41

- 186 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬40‫א‬‫א‬{E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E10F‫א‬E11F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E12F‫א‬‫א‬






 K‫א‬K24E26
 2E3L2FZ24L40
 K15‫א‬11‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫؟‬‫؟‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E27

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬E1
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬E2
،E0.03J 0.002F‫א‬‫א‬
،L0.12J 0.02FE‫א‬‫א‬F
‫א‬K‫א‬E‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬E3
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4
 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬J
 K‫א‬J
 K‫א‬‫א‬J

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
 K‫א‬‫א‬J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J

‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ E5
 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬ -
‫א‬‫א‬ -
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬ -
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬E6
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬      ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

‫؟‬‫א‬E7
‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E8
46 k 5 v

C AF‫א‬EAF‫א‬‫• א‬
 KE
J 80،60J 30،24J 8F‫א‬E46F‫• א‬
 KE3F‫א‬KE‫א‬600J 200،180

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


،U - Y،E - T،‫א‬A - D F‫א‬EkF‫• א‬

 KE‫א‬Z
15J 9،8J 1F‫א‬E5F‫• א‬
 KE‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EvF‫א‬‫• א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E9

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •

K‫א‬‫א‬E10
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E11
‫א‬
 K‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E12
‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
[mm] L = lb + lwp + la
- 190 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 


K‫א‬‫א‬E13
 K‫א‬‫א‬ -
K‫א‬‫א‬ -
K‫א‬‫א‬ -
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬-
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬-

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E14
 K‫א‬ELF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .a
 K‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ .b
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E3
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4
 K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E5
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E6




- 191 -
  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 EF 


 ‫א‬
 GLOSSARY
  
Abrasive 
Alignment ‫א‬
Arbor 
Arm bracket ‫א‬‫א‬
Automatic 
Backlash 
Basic hole system ‫א‬
Basic shaft system ‫א‬
Bearing _ ‫א‬
Bed 
Belt 
Flat …… 
V …… 
Blind hole 
Block 
V …… 
Bluntness 
Borax ‫א‬ { ‫א‬
Boring 
…… bar 
Counter …… ‫א‬
……. Tool 
Burring ‫א‬‫א‬
Carbide 
  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 EF 


 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ 
Cemented ……  
Silicon …… ‫א‬
…… tipped tool 
carriage  
Cement {
Centre  {
…… mark ‫א‬
…… punch ‫א‬
centering  
…… tool  
chain  
chamfer  
Change gears  
Chart  
chatter  
Chip  ‫א‬
…… breaker  ‫א‬‫א‬
clamping  
………... bolts  
Clasp nut  
Clay  
Clearance angle  ‫א‬‫א‬
Closers  
clutch  
Concentricity  
Coolant  
  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 EF 


 ‫א‬
  
cooling  
Corundum  
Counter borer ‫א‬
Counter boring 
Cutting  
……. Angle  ‫א‬‫א‬
……. Edge  ‫א‬‫א‬
Dry ……. E F
…….. force  ‫א‬
……… tool ‫א‬{‫א‬
Wet …… EF
Cylindrical grinder ‫א‬
Dial gauge 
Dividing head  
Dovetailed groove  
Down milling ‫א‬
Draw –in- bolt  
dressing  
Drill  {
Bench ……  
Centre ……  
Gang …… 
Hand ……  
Radial …….  
Twist ……  
Upright  
  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 EF 


 ‫א‬
  
drilling  
……… spindle  ‫א‬
Spot …….  
…… machine {
Drive ‫א‬
eccentric  
……. lathe 
……… turning ‫א‬
Electrolytic copper ‫א‬
End face  
End milling ‫א‬
……. cutter 
Engagement  
Erection  
Face plate  
Facing  ‫א‬
Feather key  
Feed  
…….. gears  ‫א‬
…… box ‫א‬
Felspar  ‫א‬
Fine-pitch thread  
Finishing  
………. tool  
Fit  ‫א‬
Class of ……  ‫א‬‫א‬
  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 EF 


 ‫א‬
  
Clearance ……  ‫א‬
Grade of ……  ‫א‬‫א‬
Interference ……  ‫א‬‫א‬
Transition …… ‫א‬
System of ……  ‫א‬
Flank  ‫א‬
Floating reamer  
Floating sleeve  
Flute  
flux 
forming  
gear  
Bevel ……. 
Worm …….  
<<Go >> gouge 
grease  
grinding  
Cylindrical …… ‫א‬
External …….  
Internal ……..  ‫א‬
……… machine {
Surface ……..  
……. Wheel  ‫א‬
Guiding way  
Hardness  
Headstock  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 EF 


 ‫א‬
  
High speed steel ‫א‬
Hob 
Honing  
Horizontal milling machine  
Indexing  
…….. crank  ‫א‬
……. pin  
…….. plate  
……. Fixture  
ISA ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ISO ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Jig boring machine ‫א‬
Knurling EF
Lead screw  ‫א‬
Leading cutting edge ‫א‬‫א‬
Lever  ‫א‬
Control …….  ‫א‬
Hand …….  ‫א‬
Locking …….  ‫א‬
Limit gauge ‫א‬
Lip angle  ‫א‬‫א‬
Longitudinal  ‫א‬
Lubricant  
Lubrication  
Machine  
…….. tool  
  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 EF 


 ‫א‬
  
Magnesite  
Maintenance  
Major diameter  ‫א‬‫א‬
Margin  
Marking E F
Mesh  
Meshing  
Metal cutting  ‫א‬
Milling  
……. Cutter  
Minor diameter  ‫א‬‫א‬
Muffle furnace  
neck  ‫א‬
Nominal size  ‫א‬
Nose  
…….. angle  ‫א‬‫א‬
<<NOT GO>>gauge(also<<NO GO>> gauge) 
Paraffin  ‫א‬
Pilot  
Pitch  
……. diameter  ‫א‬
Plain tool steel 
Planning  
…….. machine 
Plug gauge ‫א‬
pneumatic  
  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 EF 


 ‫א‬
  
Point angle  ‫א‬‫א‬
Power train ‫א‬
Radial drill  ‫א‬
Rake angle  ‫א‬‫א‬
Reaming  
Resin  ‫א‬
Rest  
Return stroke ‫א‬‫א‬
Rigid  
rough  ‫א‬
Roughing  ‫א‬
Scraper 
Screw  
Scriber E  F
Self – centering ‫א‬‫א‬
Setting – up  ‫א‬
Shaft  
Shank  
Cylindrical ……. E F‫א‬
Tapered ……. 
shaping  
…….. machine 
sharpening  
Shell end mill 
shellac  {
Side angle  ‫א‬‫א‬
  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 EF 


 ‫א‬
  
Side angle ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Sintering  
Size  
Nominal ……. ‫א‬‫א‬
Basic …… ‫א‬‫א‬
Slotting  
Snap gauge 
spacer  
Spanner  ‫א‬
Spindle  ‫א‬
Spirit ‫א‬
Split nut 
Stepped pulley  
Stop  
Straight turning E F‫א‬
Switch 
Swiveling arm  ‫א‬
Table  
Tailstock ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Tap  
tapping  ‫א‬
Template  
Testing  ‫א‬
Thread  
Metric ……  
Whitworth …… EF
  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 EF 


Threading  


  
…… die  
Three – jaw chuck 
Through hole  
Tolerance  
……. Zone ‫א‬
Disposition ‫א‬
Grade of ……  ‫א‬
Tool {
…… holder  ‫א‬
…….. - life ‫א‬‫א‬
……. Post E F‫א‬
Trailing cutting edge ‫א‬‫א‬
Truing ‫א‬
T – slot T 
Turning  ‫א‬
…… tool  ‫א‬
Turpentine  ‫א‬
Twist drill  
V – block  
Vertical milling machine  
Vice  
Wedge  ‫א‬
…… angle  ‫א‬‫א‬
Worm  
…… wheel 
  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 EF 


‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

KJ {1990‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬ (1
 ‫–א‬‫א‬KK‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬{{‫א‬E2

 K،‫א‬{{‫א‬‫{א‬1981{‫א‬‫א‬E3

 K،‫א‬،،1985{‫א‬E4

–J _{1977{?‫א‬E5
 ‫א‬‫א‬{–{–‫א‬

 {{{1977{{‫א‬‫א‬E6

{‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{{1978{‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E7
 K‫א‬

{‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬{{1977{‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E8
 K‫א‬
  121 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 EF 


‫اﻟﻤﺮاﺟﻊ اﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ‬
9) Tool and manufacturing engineers handbook” volume I , Machining, Thomas
J. Drozda, Charles Wick, 1983, 4th edition, Society of manufacturing
Engineers, USA.

10) Machining and metalworking handbook, Ronald A. Walsh, 1998, ,2nd

edition, McGraw – Hill, USA

11) Machining fundamentals, John R. Walker, 1989, forth edition, the Goodhreat
– Willcox Company, USA

12) Introduction to Manufacturing Processes, John A. Schey, 1987, 2nd edition,

McGraw – Hill, USA

13) Basic machining Reference Handbook, Arthur R. Meyers, 2001, 2nd Ed., Industrial
press Inc.

14) Fachkunde Metall, 55th Ed.Verlag Europa Lehrmittel, 2007

  ‫א‬   121  ‫א‬‫א‬
    

  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬،،‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬   121  ‫א‬‫א‬
    

  

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬       
 1           
 2        ‫א‬

 4      W‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 5         K‫א‬‫א‬
 6        K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 7        W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 7        \‫א‬1J 1
 7        K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬2J 1
 8       K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬3J 1
 8        KK‫א‬4J 1
 11         K‫א‬5J 1
 13       K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬6J 1
 14        K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬7J 1
 15        KK‫א‬‫א‬8J 1
 18          

 21        W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 21          K1J 2
 21         K‫א‬2J 2
 22        K‫א‬3J 2
 23         K‫א‬4J 2
 27         K

 ‫א‬   121  ‫א‬‫א‬
    

  
 28        W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 28        K‫א‬‫א‬1J 3
 29        K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬2J 3
 33        K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬3J 3
 33         K‫א‬‫א‬4J 3
 34      K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬5J 3
 41         K‫א‬‫א‬6J 3
 43         K‫א‬‫א‬7J 3
 43         K1–7J 3
 45          

 47        W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 47         K1J 4
 48        K‫א‬2J 4
 50        K‫א‬3J 4
 50        K‫א‬4J 4
 52      K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬5J 4
 53           

 56       W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 57         K‫א‬‫א‬
 58         K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 59        W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 59          K1–5
 60         K‫א‬2J 5
 60       KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬1–2J 5
 64         K‫א‬3J 5
  ‫א‬   121  ‫א‬‫א‬
    

  
 66         K‫א‬4J 5
 68         K‫א‬5J 5
 69     K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬6J 5
 71         K‫א‬7J 5
 75      K‫א‬‫א‬8J 5
 75        K‫א‬‫א‬9J 5
 76          K 

 78        ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 78         K1J 6
  79        K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬2J 6
 79        K ‫א‬‫א‬3J 6
 83        K‫א‬4J 6
 85         K‫א‬‫א‬5J 6
 86         K‫א‬6J 6
 88        K‫א‬‫א‬7J 6
 89     K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬8J 6
 91        K‫א‬‫א‬9J 6
 91        K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬1J 9J 6
 93        K‫א‬‫א‬2J 9J 6
 96        K‫א‬‫א‬3J 9J 6
 98          K

 101        W‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 101         K1J 7
 102        K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬2J 7
 102         K‫א‬3J 7
 ‫א‬   121  ‫א‬‫א‬
    

  
 105        K‫א‬4J 7
 106       K‫א‬‫א‬5J 7
 108      K‫א‬‫א‬6J 7
  108      K‫א‬7J 7
 109       K‫א‬‫א‬1–7J 7
 110       K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬2J 7J 7
 111      K‫א‬1J 2J 7J 7
 114        K8J 7
 117          K

 119        K‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 119          K1J 8
 119        K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬2J 8
 122         K‫א‬3J 8
 125         K‫א‬4J 8
 125        K‫א‬1J 4J 8
 126       K‫א‬2J 4J 8
 127         K‫א‬‫א‬5J 8
 127       K‫א‬‫א‬6J 8
 128        K‫א‬7J 8
 129       K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬8J 8
 131           

 132      ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 132       K‫אא‬‫א‬E1.9
 133        K‫א‬E2.9
 135         K‫א‬E3.9
 ‫א‬   121  ‫א‬‫א‬
    

  
 136       K‫א‬‫א‬E4.9
 139       K‫א‬‫א‬E5.9
 141       K‫א‬‫א‬E6.0

 143     CNC‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 143          K
 144       K‫א‬‫א‬
 144       K‫א‬‫א‬
 145       K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 148        ‫א‬‫א‬
 148        K‫א‬‫א‬
 155        K‫א‬‫א‬
 159        K‫א‬‫א‬
 164        K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 167       K‫א‬‫א‬
 171       K‫א‬‫א‬
 181        K‫א‬‫א‬
 190        K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬   121  ‫א‬‫א‬
    

  

 ‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬
 9K‫א‬1J 1
 10K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬2J 1
 11K‫א‬3J 1
 12 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬4J 1
 13‫א‬‫א‬5J 1
 14 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬6J 1
 14K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬7J 1

 31 K‫א‬1J 3
 32K‫א‬2J 3
 32K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬3J 3
 33K‫א‬4J 3
 33K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬5J 3
 35K6J 3
 42K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬7J 3

49 K‫א‬1J 4
 53K‫א‬2J 4

 59 K‫א‬1J 5
60 K‫א‬‫א‬2J 5
 61 K‫א‬‫א‬3J 5
 62K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬4J 5
  ‫א‬   121  ‫א‬‫א‬
    

  
 64K‫א‬5J 5
 66K‫א‬‫א‬6J 5
 72K7J 5
 73K‫א‬J 8J 5
74K–8J 5
 75K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬9J 5

 78K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬1J 6
 79K‫א‬‫א‬2J 6
 81KJ 3J 6
 81KJ 3J 6
 82K‫א‬J 3J 6
 82KJ 3J 6
 83K‫א‬‫א‬4J 6
 85 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬5J 6
 86K6J 6
 87K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬7J 6
 88K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬8J 6
 90‫א‬‫א‬9J 6
 91K‫א‬10J 6
93K‫א‬‫א‬11J 6
 94‫א‬12J 6
 95 K‫א‬13J 6
 95K‫א‬‫א‬–14J 6
 96K‫א‬–4J 6
 96‫א‬‫א‬15J 6
 97K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬16J 6
  ‫א‬   121  ‫א‬‫א‬
    

  

 101K‫א‬1J 7
 102 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬2J 7
 103K3J 7
 104K4J 7
106 K‫א‬5J 7
 108 K‫א‬‫א‬6J 7
110K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬7J 7
 111K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬8J 7
 111K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬9J 7
 112K‫א‬10J 7
 114 K‫א‬11J 7
 116K‫א‬‫א‬12J 7

 119K‫א‬1J 8
 120K‫א‬‫א‬2J 8
 121 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬3J 8
 121K‫א‬4J 8
 122 K5J 8
 123K‫א‬6J 8
 124K7J 8
 124K‫א‬‫א‬8J 8
 126K‫א‬9J 8
 128K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬10J 8

 
  ‫א‬   121  ‫א‬‫א‬
    

  

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬           ‫א‬
 16K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬1J 1
 17K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬2J 1

 25K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬1J 2
 26K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬2J 2
26K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬3J 2
 27K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬4J 2
 28K‫א‬‫א‬5J 2

 37 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬1J 3
 38K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬2J 3
 39K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬3J 3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬4J 3
 40
 40 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬5J 3
 41K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬6J 3

 51 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬1J 4

 63K‫א‬‫א‬1J 5
 65K‫א‬2J 5
 67K‫א‬3J 5
 68K‫א‬4J 5
 69K‫א‬‫א‬5J 5
  ‫א‬   121  ‫א‬‫א‬
    

  
 69K‫א‬‫א‬–6J 5
 70K‫א‬‫א‬J 6J 5
 71K‫א‬‫א‬7J 5

 107K‫א‬‫א‬1J 7

 128K‫א‬‫א‬1J 8