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A Discrete Element Method For Transverse Vibrations of Discrete Element Method PDF
A Discrete Element Method For Transverse Vibrations of Discrete Element Method PDF
by
conducted for
by the
June 1972
The contents of this report reflect the views of the
authors, who are responsible for the facts and thE!
accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents
do not necessarily reflect the official views or
policies of the Federal Highway Administration. 'Ji1lis
report does not constitute a standard, specificatjLon,
or regulation.
ii
PREFACE
June 1972
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44!5"6!7$1*'*0!8$($.$9'.$/-!")':!
LIST OF REPORTS
Report No. 56-1, "A Finite-Element Method of Solution for Linearly Elastic
Beam-Columns" by Hudson Matlock and T. Allan Haliburton, presents a solution
for beam-columns that is a basic tool in subsequent reports. September 1966.
Report No. 56-2, "A Computer Program to Analyze Bending of Bent Caps" by
Hudson Matlock and Wayne B. Ingram, describes the application of the beam-
column solution to the particular problem of bridge bent caps. October 1966.
Report No. 56-3, "A Finite-Element Method of Solution for Structural Frames"
by Hudson Matlock and Berry Ray Grubbs, describes a solution for frames with
no sway. May 1967.
Report No. 56-4, "A Computer Program to Analyze Beam-Columns under Movable
Loads" by Hudson Matlcok and Thomas P. Taylor, describes the app lication of
the beam-column solution to problems with any configuration of movable non-
dynamic loads. June 1968.
Report No. 56-5, "A Finite-Element Method for Bending Analysis of Layered
Structura 1 Systems" by Wayne B. Ingram and Hudson Matlock, describes an
alternating-direction iteration method for solving two-dimensional systems
of layered grids-over-beams and plates-over-beams. June 1967.
Report No. 56-8, "A Finite-Element Method for Transverse Vibrations of Beams
and Plates" by Harold Salani and Hudson Matlock, describes an implicit pro-
cedure for determining the transient and steady-state vibrations of beams and
plates, including pavement slabs. June 1968.
Report No. 56-9, "A Direct Computer Solution for Plates and Pavement Slabs"
by C. Fred Stelzer, Jr., and W. Ronald Hudson, describes a direct method for
solving complex two-dimensional plate and slab problems. October 1967.
Report No. 56-10, "A Finite-Element Method of Analysis for Composite Beams"
by Thomas P. Taylor and Hudson Matlock, describes a method of analysis for
composite beams with any degree of horizontal shear interaction. January 1968.
v
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Report No. 56-12, "A Discrete-Element Method of Analysis for Combined Bending
and Shear Deformations of a Beam" by David F. Tankersley and William P. Daw-
kins, presents a method of analysis for the combined effects of bending and
shear deformations. December 1969.
Report No. 56-14, "A Direct Computer solution for Plane Frames" by William P.
Dawkins and John R. Ruser, Jr., presents a direct method of ~jolution for the
computer analysis of plane frame structures. May 1969.
Report No. 56-16, "Experimental Evaluation of Subgrade Modulus and Its Applica-
tion in Model Slab Studies" by Qaiser S. Siddiqi and W. Ronald Hudson, describes
a series of experiments to evaluate layered foundation coeff:i.cients of subgrade
reaction for use in the discrete-element method. January 1970.
Report No. 56-18, "A Discrete-Element Analysis for Anisotropic Skew Plates and
Grids" by Mahendrakumar R. Vora and Hudson Matlock, describes a tridirectional
model and a computer program for the analysis of anisotropic skew plates or
slabs with grid-beams. August 1970.
Report No. 56-19, "An Algebraic Equation Solution Process Formulated in Anti-
cipation of Banded Linear Equations" by Frank L. Endres and Hudson Matlock,
describes a system of equation-solving routines that may be applied to a wide
variety of problems by using them within appropriate programs. January 1971.
Report No. 56-20, "Finite-Element Method of Analysis for Pla,ne Curved Girders"
by William P. Dawkins, presents a method of analysis that mB,y be applied to
plane-curved highway bridge girders and other structural melIlbers composed of
straight and curved sections. June 1971.
Report No. 56-23, "A Nonlinear Analysis of Statically Loaded Plane Frames Using
a Discrete Element Model" by Clifford O. Hays and Hudson Matlock, describes a
method of analysis which considers support, material, and geometric nonlin-
earities for plane frames subjected to complex loads and restraints. May 1972.
Report No. 56-24, "A Discrete-Element Method for Transverse Vibrations of Beam-
Columns Resting on Linearly Elastic or Inelastic Supports" by Jack Hsiao-
Chich Chan and Hudson Matlock, presents a new approach to predict the hysteretic
behavior of inelastic suppo=ts in dynamic problems. June 1972.
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SUMMARY
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PREFACE iii
LIST OF REPORTS v
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
Multi-Element Models . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Baushinger Effect of Nonlinear Resistance-Deflection
Cu rv e . . . • • ... . . • . • • 29
Systematic Approach for Following Loading Paths . . . 36
General . 41
Procedure for Data Input 41
Tables of Data Input 43
Error Messages • . • . •• 46
Description of Problem Results 47
Plots of Results • • . . . . . 48
xv
xvi
REFERENCES • • • . • • . . . . . • . . • • • • • . . . • • • • • • • . • 111
APPENDICES
E Modulus of elasticity
R , R ,
l 2
... lb Resistances in the sub-springs
1,2, ... of the nonlinear
support
S S
R , R2 lb Residual resistances in sub-
l
springs 1, 2
In recent years, a great deal of interest has been focused on the utili-
zation of numerical methods to describe computer models of problems in struc-
tural dynamics. Many computer programs (for instance, Refs 3 and 10) are
available for solving for the dynamic response of beams or slabs which are
either linearly or nonlinearly supported; no program has been found, however,
which considers the path-dependent history of loading of nonlinearly-inelastic
supports. As a result of the necessity to consider the important effects of
energy lost due to the hysteretic behavior of the supports, much of the present
work has been devoted to the development of multi-element models to simulate
the nonlinearly-inelastic supports. With these models, general rules in FOR-
TRAN logic can be observed and used to predict the loading paths of resistance-
deflection curves of the supports. The models for the nonlinearly-inelastic
supports described in this work are not time-dependent; therefore, relaxation
(creep) of resistance of the support is not included in the model. The retar-
dation, or delayed elasticity, of the support can be considered by installing
an external viscous dashpot in parallel with the support model. The softening
of the nonlinearly-inelastic support is also not included but strain-hardening
may be considered.
1
2
Application
(1) solving for the transverse response of beam-columns with linear and
nonlinear supports under free or forced vibration;
(2) computing slopes and shears of the bars, bending moments, and sup-
port reactions of the deformable joints, statically or dynamically;
a~
Matlock and Taylor have developed a static model composed of rigid bars
and springs (Fig 1) which can be used to simulate a beam-column. In Ref 5
the efficiency of this model has been proved by solving a variety of structures
which can be simulated as beam-columns. By the addition of masses and damping
factors lumped at the deformable joints, a dynamic model (Fig 2) is formed
that can closely simulate the dynamic response of real beam-columns.
5
6
11------
1..... h -----
.. 1
~Eh
(a)
h
Deformable
(b)
1------ h - - - - -
\
I Wj_1
Joint NlITIber... j-I
Bor Number... .. j+ I
(c)
w
Internal Dashpot
-----II
Beam Axis
......
Beam STA. j -I
External
Linear + Nonlinear Dashpot
Spring - - - -
Vj+l,k
j+1
N
hS.J, k W J,
' k (2.1)
(2.2)
where
O.2ShR. 1
J-
2
h .T.
L J
+ 0 • 5 \.TTj ,k-l +
10
/ s N \
+ IS.
\ J + S.
J, k+ 1 )J
3
4h p.
J
=
~-l
= - b k+1 -
.\
= -ek + 1 +
2 (D~
h
)j+l
t
11
f.J, k ==
e. == (2.3 )
J
The concept applied for both the static model and the dynamic model. It
will be seen in results printed from the program that the slope is printed be-
tween the beam stations; this slope is that of the bar between the indicated
beam stations.
12
00
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
K+2
--
0
0
CJ) K
Ck
+
Q)
4 f-j, k
E ht +
~
K-I
• ak-I bk-I Ck-I dk-I ek-I
K-2
I
I
I
I
I ~h"'"
I
o
0- - - - - - j-3 j-2 j -I j+1 j+3-- - - --M
Beam Station
(2.4)
In the dynamic model, the internal damp ling factor lumped at the joint con-
tributes its effect in addition to the conventional bending moment. Thus,
M.J, k =
\
- 2w j ,k+l + wj+l,k+l) (2.5 )
-M. 1 + M. -w.'
V. = J- J .. J - l+w,J )
(2.6 )
- T j (-----~h-----::.-
J h
V.J, k =
14
~
D~') - d (W'_l
+ J 2
k - 2w,Ja k+ wj + 1 z k) (2.7)
j dt h3
Substituting
and
\
-wj+1,k-l + wj-1,k+l - 2w j ,k+l + wj+1,k+l)
V'k = -M, 1 k
J-,
+ M, k
J, -IT,+O.ST:
(
+T: ) .•
\ l (-W j-l,k + Wj,k )
J, h LJ J,k-1 J,k+l"';l h
15
\
(2.8)
+ Wj _ 1 ,k+ 1 - 2w j ,k+ 1 + Wj+ 1 ,k+ 1 )
As seen in Fig l(b) (or Fig 3), V. (or V. k ) is the shear throughout
J J,
the length of bar j. Therefore Program DBC5 is written such that the shear
computed in each bar is printed between the adjacent beam stations. In the
program, the rotational restraints and the applied couples, which convention-
ally are considered to be concentrated at a point, are acting on the beam as
equal and opposite loads separated by two increments, as shown in Fig 5.
Therefore, the shear for only the bars adjacent to beam stations with applied
couples or rotational restraints is affected by these loads and is not the
same as conventional shear.
s
Q~ = S .w. (2.9)
J J J
Q~ =
J
4h2
~d Transverse Couple)
Rj (Rotational
Restraint)
]-1 ]+1
For the dynamic model, the support reaction can be obtained by Eq 2.11 or
Eq 2.12.
If joint J LS supported on a linear \s~) or nonlinear \S~J, k) spring
or both s N)
( S,J + S,J, k ,the support reaction J
Q,Sk is
J,
s
S ,w, k
J J,
or
(2.11)
S
where Q, k is the iterative correction reaction of the nonlinear support at
L,
time station k •
If joint j is supported on a nonyie1ding support, the support reaction
is
R
Q, k
J,
T T
(Q, k-1 + QJ',k+1\ 1
- l. J, 2 )\
\ - 4h2
+ Rj + 1wj + 2 ,k)
\
- 2w j _ l ,k+1 + Wj ,k+1)
18
I\w j , k- 1 - 2w j , k + W j , k+ 1 j +
(2.12)
(a)
Deformable Joint
s n
5'+5',1<
j j
(b)
n-l
co d E:
o = E E: + I: Pn n-l
(2.13 )
n=l dt
where
Pn =
(_l)n-l
- -
JTo 'T
n
-
1
¢('T)d'T
(n-l) !
o
dE:
o EE: + z.,- (2.14 )
dt
where z., = Pl. Equation 2.14 is the stress-strain relationship of the mater-
ial based on viscous theory. Therefore, viscous theory is included in here-
ditary theory.
In the rheological model shown in Fig 6(a), the internal damping coef-
. \
ficients i\Dl. /ji are re lated to the first time derivative of curvature. Thus
M. = (2.15)
J
gives the relationship between the moment M. and the curvature (jJ. •
J J
Equation 2.15 is used in Program DBC5 for calculating the bending moments
contributed by the flexural stiffness and the internal damping coefficient at
the deformable joint j.
It will be shown in problem 4 described in Chapter 5 that the internal
damping factors have little effect on the solutions of lower frequencies of a
vibrating steel beam. The vibrations at higher frequencies, however, are
damped out with time due to the effects of internal damping and rapid changes
of curvatures.
21
Resistance
I~
0,
Deflection
-04
-0 3 -02
-0 ,
W2
9
..I
~1
.J
WI
Resistance
2
Resistance
to Downward
Deflection _ - P \
No Resistance
to Lift-off 6 Deflection
Resistance
"'1 Deflection
No Resistance I
to Lift-off ,---- Resistance to I
Upward I
Deflection I
I
I
5 16
Reference 10 has shown that when a uniform beam with well-defined boundary
conditions under free vibration is analyzed using the implicit operator of the
Crank-Nicolson form, the solution is stable for all positive v,a1ues of EI ,
p, h, and ht.
, .\
I f the same beam, with internal damping (Dl.)j lumped at joints, is
under free vibration, the quadratic equation for evaluation of the stability
criterion becomes
if; r, 2 92
e , 2 2J
l_ 4(F+D)(cos ~ -1) + q
n
r 4(F-D) (cos
+1 o (2.16)
L 4(F+D)(cos
where
F ;;;
EI
i
D ::::: (D ) ./ht
J
3
q2 ::::: 2 Ph /h2
t
) ~
'- .)
2 2 2 2
l6(F -D )(cos ~ -1) + 8Fq > 0 (2.17)
n
The above inequality is true, since D is usually less than F for a reasona~'
Multi-Element Models
27
28
.
w
SI ~ Sub-springs
I I I Deflection I
Deflection
•
,'------
B'
D' E' +
(b) ~D'
(c)
C(lntact Knobs
Friction Blocks
E Sliding Surfaces
(a) Resistance
E
Deflection
...
E(
I
I
+
Deflection I
I
Deflection :
'"
E',
I
+
I
Procedure of Constructing the Resistance I
Above Curve From (c2 I
C I
. I
1. Use slope 8 1 + 8 2 + 83 + 8 4 and deflec- Def lectlonl
tion Wa to construct pOint A; If'
E'
2. Use slope + 8 3 + 84 and deflection I
I
Wb to construct pOint B; I
3. Use slope + 8 4 and deflection We I
+ I
to construct point C;
4. Use slope 84 and deflection Wd to con-
Resistance I
I
struc t point D; I
I
5. Extend from point D to point E and
from point 0 to point E' by using zero Deflectio{
slope and deflection We'
E'
(b)
(c)
reaches the value at which slip bands would be produced in a specimen in its
original state. Thus, the tensile test cycle raises the elastic limit in ten-
sion, but lowers the elastic limit in compression. This phenomen is called
the Baushinger effect (Refs 9 and 11).
From the multi-element models shown in Fig 9(a) and Fig 10(a), we can
see that each individual sub-element is allowed to slide during the loading-
unloading process. As a result of sliding or plastic deformation produced on
loading, a system of residual resistances is introduced on unloading. Obvious-
ly, these residual resistances will influence the deformation produced by sub-
sequent loads. Now let us study the so-called Baushinger effect based on the
multi-element models shown in Fig 9(a) and Fig 10(a). For simplicity, con-
sider a single spring support which has a nonlinear symmetric resistance-
deflection curve with only three segments of resistances as shown in Fig ll(b).
The nonlinear spring can be constructed by a multi-element model consisting
of only two sub-elements each with an ideally elastic-plastic resistance-
deflection curve as shown in Fig ll(c) and Fig ll(d). If a vertical load Q
l
is applied downward to the spring, it will produce resistances Rl and R2
in the sub-springs Sl and S2 ,respectively. Thus,
QlSl
Rl = (3.1)
(Sl+S2)
QlS2
R2 = (3.2 )
(S 1+S2)
= (3.3 )
32
(<l ) S,
Sliding Surface
Normal Forces
Coulomb Fricti()n
Block
Resistance
_L
Rs
-r
(b)
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I I I
Sub-element I ResIstance
I '
I I
(c) I i Deflection
--~~~--~~~~--~+-~
i
I
l
I
:+ I
I
. I
ReSlstancel
Sub-element 2
If we continue to increase the load, the sub-element 1 will slide and exhibit
no resistance, and the additional resistance RB will be taken by the sub-
spring S2 • The additional resistance ~ corresponding to the deflection
will be
(3.4)
The relation between ~ and is shown in Fig 11(b) by the inclined line
AB. If we begin unloading the model after reaching point B on the diagram,
both sub-springs Sl and S2 will behave elastically and the relation between
the removed resistance and the upward displacement will be given by Eq 3.3.
In the diagram we therefore obtain the line BC parallel to OA, and the
total vertical displacement upward during unloading is
(3.5 )
(3.6)
(3.7)
Comparing Eqs 3.6 and 3.7, we find that w2 is greater than w3 • We see
that because of the sliding of sub-element 1, the model does not return to
its initial state and the permanent set OC is produced. The magnitude of
the permanent set is found from the equation
OC (3.8)
34
lost per cycle. The same concept discussed above can be expanded to a model
consisting of any number of sub-elements.
For a negative one-way resistance-deflection curve as sh01.... n in Fig 12b,
the Baushinger effect for this model can be illustrated by the loading paths
indicated by the parallelogram OABCO and the area defined by OAB'DEFO •
Notice that unless the model reaches the condition at which both sub-elements
are sliding during the loading process (point D) there will be no permanent
set after unloading from point B in the diagram. This is because the sub-spring
35
(a) SN -
Contact Knobs
. . . . 1ff4Ai
Normal Forces
Coulomb Friction Block
Sliding Surface
t Resistance
5 1+5 2
0 Deflection
(b)
I !
II
Resistance
Sub -element I
-~~-......
Deflection
(c)
Sub-element 2 ,t Resistance
52
I 1
Def lection
(d)
Sl and the friction block are disconnected after reaching the point C in the
diagram, and hence no residual resistance can be built up in the sub-spring
Sl. hTith further unloading the deformation proceeds along the line CO and the
model will return to the initial state represented by point O. At this point,
if we reverse the direction of load, the deformation will proceed along the
new curve line OCBB'D. This is because the sub-spring S1 lifts off the
friction block before reaching the point C.
It is seen that because the sub-springs are able to lift off the friction
blocks, no negative resistances can be built up in the sub-springs and there-
fore the loading paths can generate only on the negative side of deflection.
The above concept also can be expanded to the model which has more than two
sub-elements. The Baushinger effect of a positive one-way resistance-deflection
curve is similar to a negative one-way resistance-deflection curve, except
that the loading paths can generate only on the positive side of the deflection.
A general procedure for tracing the loading paths of either a synnnetric
nonlinear or a one-way resistance-deflection curve of any support which has
more than two sub-elements will be discussed below.
In Figs 9(c) and 10(c), we see that the multi-element models for simu-
lating the nonlinearly-inelastic supports can be represented by a number of
ideally elastic-plastic sub-elements. Although it is possible to retain the
ideally e lastic-p lastic res istance-deflection curves of each i::l.dividua 1 sub-
element in the program, a more efficient and easier way is to :retain the over-
all curve which is obtained by the summation of all ideally elastic-plastic
resistance-deflection curves of the sub-elements as shown in Figs 9(b) and
10 (b) •
In Program DBCS, nonlinear supports can be described for .'lny beam station.
The nonlinear resistance-deflection curve of the support is described by a
simple tabular input which generates a curve of straight line segments with a
series of point numbers. After defining the resistance-deflection curve by a
series of points, which are numbered in order, the resistance and deflection
of each point must be retained sequentially in the variables of Q and W ,
respectively. The retained values of the deflection w must be increasing
positively, while that of the resistance Q must be decreasing or equal for
the consecutive points.
37
.~
Slope 6wT 6Q T I I
No. S (Total) (Total) Segment
I 3000 0.2 600 4-5
2 2000 0.2 400 3-4,5-6
2-3,6-7
3
4
16~7 0.6
0.6
400
0 1-2,7-8
I
(a)
-10
I
(b)
10 as
r Detlection (W)
I
I
I
101---
4 =0.7 ----.I
l:J. W
tJ.. 2
- 1.0 1-05
I . I
I
II I
Deflection ( W)
I I I I I
::!~
I
(b)
adjusted curve started. The logic of tracing the loading paths of a positive
one-way resistance-deflection curve is similar to the one used in a negative
one-way resistance-deflection curve, except that the loading p,aths are on the
positive side of the deflection.
A detailed flow chart re lating to the FORTRAN logic, whidl is used in
the program, of tracing the loading paths of the nonlinearly-inelastic resist-
ance-deflection curves of the support will be found in Appendix F.
CHAPTER 4. DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM DBC5
General
The program uses in-core storage which requires 58,500 words. Although
the use of auxiliary tapes will reduce the storage, it raises the computation
time to a great extent due to tape operations; therefore, the in-core solution
method has been chosen rather than using many auxiliary tapes. A summary flow
chart of the program is presented in Fig 15. The definitions of symbols used
in the program and a listing of the program with several general flow charts
are included in Appendix E and Appendix F. Subroutines SPLOT9 and ZOTI were
developed particularly for the highway research projects at The University of
Texas at Austin.
41
42
I START I
I
IREAD & PRINT Input Data I
I
Advance time stepl
I
Dynamic load for time stepl
\.
y
Iterate with spring and load I Form coefficient matrixl
(or load only) for closure I
at each time step lcomput~ deflection~
recurs~on procedure
N~ Closure?
Yes
Support curve Yes
adjustment necessary?
I No
I Computeslopes, moments, shears, support ]
reactions for previous time step
I
I Reta in informa tion for plots I
I
I PRINT iterational monitor deflections I
and computed results
I
Return for new time step'
I
I Plot results if requested'
I
ISTOP I
(1) A slope may not be specified closer than three increments from
another specified slope.
(2) A deflection may not be specified closer than two increments from a
specified slope, except that both a slope and deflection may be
specified at the same beam station.
Table 5 is used to describe the lumped mass densities, the lumped internal
damping [actors, and the lumped external damping factors ~t beam stations.
Data in this table are input the same as in Table 4. The maximum allowable
number of cards accumulated in this table is 100.
Time-dependent axial thrusts are input in Table 6 as values applying to
designated bars. The values of time-dependent axial thrusts specified in this
table may vary linearly both in the beam axis direction and in the time axis
direction. There are no restrictions on the order of cards, except that beam
stations which are stated as the starting station and the ending station in
the same card must be in ascending order. A concentrated effect of time-
dependent axial thrust at a beam station is not permitted to be stated in this
table since it would have no physical meaning.
The method used for the description of distributed data is also illus-
trated in Appendix D. The number of cards accumulated in this table cannot
exceed 100.
Table 7 is used to describe time-dependent lateral loadings applied at
the station points. The variation and the distribution of the input data are
the same as in Table 6, except that the concentrated effect of the lateral
load at a single station is allowed in this table. The number of cards accu-
mulated in this table cannot exceed 100.
Nonlinear resistance-deflection curves of the supporting beam stations
are input in Table 8. Every particular nonlinear support curve is described
by three consecutive cards. The values input on the first card are resistance-
multiplier, deflection-multiplier, number of pOints, symmetry option, deflection-
tolerance, and resistance-tolerance. The values input on the second card are
resistance values which are multiplied by the resistance-multiplier to obtain
the final resistances of each point on the curve. The values input on the
third card are deflection values which are multiplied by the deflection-
multiplier to obtain the final deflections of each point on the curve.
There are no restrictions on the order of support curves, except that
within any distribution sequence, the beam stations must be in regular order.
More than one curve may be placed at a beam station. The maximum number of
support curves cannot exceed 20 (60 cards).
Four kinds of plots may be requested by inputing the name of the hori-
zontal axis, the name of the vertical axis, the particular beam or time sta-
tion, and the multiple plot switch in Table 9. As many as five of the same
46
Error Messages
Program DBC5 provides many checks for common types of data errors as well
as for particular errors which occur due to either violations of FORTRAN logic
or solution errors considered by the program.
Conditions which are considered to be of the type of data errors are
An error message which defines the error will be printed if any of the
above conditions is encountered.
In addition to the specific error messages, a general purpose error mes-
sage is provided for a number of unlikely errors. If the message lUNDESIGNATED
ERROR STOP I1 is printed, the user must investigate the program to determine
what caused the error. Any error detected by the program will cause the en-
tire run to be abandoned.
(1) monitor deflections during the iteration process of the static solu-
tions (none if the problem is a linear case or if the number of
monitor beam stations for printing the iteration data is zero),
(2) complete results of the static solutions,
(3) monitor deflections during the iteration process of the dynamic
solutions at time station 0 (see explanation in the parentheses of
procedure 1,
(4) complete results of the dynamic solutions at time station 0,
(5) monitor deflections during the iteration process of the dynamic
solutions at this time station (see explanation in the parentheses
of procedure 1),
(6) monitor or complete results of the dynamic solutions at this time
station, and
(7) repeat outputs of procedures 5 and 6 until the last time station
specified in this problem is encountered.
The proper headings are printed at the top of the outputs of each pro-
cedure described above.
If printout of the calculated results are not requested, the message
I1PRINTING RESULTS IS NOT REQUESTED I1 will be printed under the headings of
Table 10.
48
Plots of Results
Options are available which allow the user to obtain plot~; of the
deflections or moments along either beam or time axis. Three kinds of plot-
ting methods, namely printer plots, mircofilm plots, and ball-point plots,
are available in the program. Both microfilm and ball-point p~ots fit in an
8-inch by 9-inch space. The optimum scales for the plots, both horizontal and
vertical, are automatically selected by the program. Two fictitious points,
one with the minimum horizontal and vertical values of all the points to be
plotted on a single frame and the other with the maximum horizontal and verti-
cal values, are plotted on the microfilm or ball-point plots for the purpose
of choosing the proper vertical scale. These two fictitious pJints are not in
the stored values of the points to be plotted on this frame and, therefore,
should be disregarded. An example plot of the deflections alo'~g the time axis
for inelastically supported mass under free vibration is shown in Fig 16. The
plot in Fig 16 is made using the ball-point plotting method; t~e problem num-
ber and the identification of the plot variables are printed beneath the plot.
The plot variables which identify either a microfilm plot or a ball-point plot
include three sets of characters. The first set to the right of the problem
number is one of the following four symbols: DVT or MVT (deflection or moment
along time axis for a particular beam station), DVB or MVB (deflection or
moment along beam axis for a particular time station). In the center is either
BEAM STA = or TIME STA On the right are the station numbers for which the
deflections or moments are plotted. The plot in Fig 16 is from Example Prob-
lem 1, described in Chapter 5. Another example plot, which is plotted using
the microfilm plotting method, is shown in Fig 17. In this example, the
moments along the time axis for the mid-point of a three-span beam on which
an AASHO standard 2-D truck is moving with a speed of 60 mph is plotted on
the microfilm, which then can be developed on an enlarged magnetic print. The
plot is from Example Problem 3, described in Chapter 5. Many more ball-point
plots which have more than one curve plotted on one frame can be found in
Example Problem 5, described in Chapter 5.
A typical example plot which is plotted by using the printer plotting
method is shown in Fig 18. The printer plotting method plots the horizontal
axis vertically on the sheet. The plot is from Example Problem 6, described
in Chapter 5. Different symbols (as many as five) are used on each frame of
..
CI
t
.!..
+ 1
~j tV.
I :
;~J ~ Deflection versus Time
proble~l
0- Station number
UJ n',
number'" CJ v
T BE"RI'-,
- . ,
('Tr'
-' j
-::
..C
-
.
o
o
•
20.00 o
•
:1 ~
~~Moment versus Ti~ Station number
~ ~
Problem
number BEA" STA =
Fig 17. A typical microfilm plot.
51
PRO~ (CO"ITlJl
b TtiPEf-'3P>I"I 8EAM ·>lIT'" ONF"_WA'I' ANO C:;VMMFTRTC NONl r'-JF"Ao C:;lIP lOAUED ;:Iy T.p
-- .... - PlOr OF I)EFlECTIO"1 VC; T!~F" HlP RI='AM <::ThTTI'PIiS OFt ...... _
CURVF ,.) =
::;;
I{
2 I"'UkVF" (. )
11
PT.NO o"Allli;-"
-1 -1.3Ur-lf, •
0 -b.!'>OlF"-17
•
1 -6. bb~F"-O:l • -r
? -1.b13/:-U2 • .or
3 _2.~91F-O?
• ·r
4 -4.!:>76F"-IJ? • • T
5 -J.47,+F"-J2 • 0
T
6 -1.71':lC"-v?
_e.odbl='_,)4
• -r
7
g
• 0
-3.0.31 F" -,) 3 *T •
9
11)
-1.4t1!:>>'-O? or •
-1. 73i'lF"-')2
-".0 30 "'_)2
• oy
11 • O!
12 -3.5boF"-12 • ". T
13 -3.C1'10F"-O? • T
14 -3 ... 2"/:-,)2 I> T
1 ') -1.0'1:'/:-02 • or
16 7. b12 F - ,13 ...
17 -3. 9'17F-(; 1 or •
lA - 3. 4!:.dF-')2
_3.b 44 ,_)2
. t
19 • ° o!Y
20 -2. 72'-fF"-·12 •
-1.94~E'-1)2
21
22 -5. Ut;4F-')3
• *T
23 i:I.:'O)Fw,)3
or •
3.0'1":1f.'-03 °
24
25 -2. '1jU-p
* •
or
co - 3. 0 b 'I '" - ,) ;: • or
n 1.bbcF-02
• *
28 4.137F"-J? • Til.
29
30
-1. !:Sd2F-'!2
-H.?'+lF"-O?
*r •
31 -1. 3bl:\F"-I!? ° r •
°T.
32 6.972F"-02 • T I>
33
34
4.04<1F"-<J?
-h.4!:>UF-v2
• . T*
35 -B.3itt.>F"_)2
• T
36 9.59'-1I:-J<
(t
T •
7.1211'"-q?
* •
37 T " •
38 4.2 41lF-02 • !*
39
40
-b. 1 !:>YE-I) 2
-7. St;4F-'"I;:>
• It r
• * 1
the printer plots for identifying different curves superimposed on this frame.
The identifications of the plot variables (such as description of program and
run, problem number and problem description, description of the type of the
plots, and beam stations or time stations) are printed on the cop of each
frame of plots. The numerical values printed vertically to the left of the
plots are those of the first plot on this frame. The scale of the vertical
(deflection or moment) axis is not plotted on the plots, and the horizontal
(beam or time station) axis is scaled equally for each point on the plots and
plotted by the symbols I. A series of numbers corresponding to the beam or
time stations is printed vertically on the left end of the plots for the pur-
pose of indexing. The printer plots fit on 8-l/2-inch by ll-i~ch standard
letter-size paper.
CHAPTER 5. EXAMPLE PROBLEMS
53
54
Resistance (Q)
2 LB
------ 120
60
36
Deflection (W)
.8 2 10
----~--J\~~----------+--4-4~~~--+---------_+----~~ I ..
I I
10 I I
I I
I I
I I
I
-36 I
, I
I
I
I I
I I
-60 ----- 8 I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
II I
I
I 1
I 1
19 110
-120 --------------~--""'____J,
Example Problem 2-1. Lateral Vibration of a Simply Supported Beam with Axial
Compression Force
I
!
I
!~~~O _______________ ~_+__. _________~~~~~~~____-+~~t·rO________~L______~~
p
-10·0 Deflection ( )I
dr:f= 100 LB at INCH I I
M
E== TIME
-50
I
I
I
I
I
I
J'- I I
"--,,-- I I
I
~I I
100
"-"~!
\ r-"\ ,- r·
) ' ... ' -J.-i
i \
I \ Deflection (W)
I INCH
-110 -30 -2.0 -\.O
~--4-------~-------4------~~--~~~~~--~-------+I-----~
2.0 3.0 10
l
I
D= 3 in.
-50
\ I
I
\ "\
I
I
I
I
-100 '\ I
"\ 'b----- ~
I
-150
) ,
--r---
.i::; _'0:'
C
!
Fig 23. Example Problem lAo Response of the nonlinearly supported mass.
60
9
w E1 1.OS x 10 lb-
1
Uniform EI t tp Beam Mass density 1.OS5 X 10-
T T Axis 2
lb-sec /in/sta
•
I nv
-3.952 sin T
Uh::
I!
12 I'n,
T -3.70 X 105 Ib
Number of beam increments 10
l-- i :: 120 in'-~I..-.l"1 Beam increment length 12 inches
fI,,
Sta. 0 2 3 4 567 8910
1
d d -3.952 x sin 36° -2.323 inches
\ ~I 4 ,
~ d2
J d91
de ,- d
2
d
S
-3.952 X sin - 3 .197 inches
3 7
'*-J-.lJ~
' ( d3d d d
14 5
d~/ d
d
4
5
d
6
-3.952 x sin 72°
-3.952 X sin 90°
-3.759 inches
-3.952 inches
The theoretical responses (Eq d, p 375, Ref 12) and the computed responses
3
based on a time increment length of 3.752 X 10- seconds (1/10 of the natural
period) are plotted for the center of the beam on the computer plot of deflec-
tions versus time for beam station 5, as shown in Fig 25. The responses of
the small time increment length (1/100 of the natural period) are almost per-
fectly matched with the theoretical responses. The responses of the large
time increment length (1/10 of the natural period) show more variation when
compared to the theoretical responses in the first period, and after the first
period are shifted with a phase angle. The more increments, however, the beam
is divided into, the better the results. The computed moments, based on both
small and large time increment lengths along the time axis for the center of
the beam, are shown in Fig 26.
Example Problem 3. Three-Span Beam Loaded with an AASHO Standard 2-D Truck
Moving at a Speed of 60 MPH
This problem demonstrates the capability to input the dynamic tire forces
interpreted from the computer output of the program described in Ref 1 into
Table 7 of Program DBC5 to predict the responses of a three-span beam; the beam
is loaded with an AASHO standard 2-D truck which is moving at a uniform speed
of 60 mph, as shown in Fig 30.
62
_ Theoretical
____ 1/\0 of Noturol
Period
""""" \/100 of Natural
Period
I
I
I
I
g I
I
I
1
I
,I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
j
C)
~J
COl
I
I
o
l*r r ,>
·-<:']1-..1
c.:? I
C)
u
Cl
U
rD.
!
u
(J
C) ,
I..C
Cl!
c' .;
. i
c;
<l i
CJ \
I
CJ
.,-,
21 nv T f3E~ CjTR -= S
Fig 26. Example Problem 2-1. Moment vs time for the· center of beam.
64
9 2
w
l
EI 1.08 X 10 lb-in
1
Mass density 1.085 X 10-
Uniform E I ,<.p Beam
2
Axis lb-sec /in/sta
lDlIDluJ _~.
-6.672 sin
I
~x ~h-12 In.
I 1
Elastic spring constant
4
1.2 X 10 lb/in/sta
Number of beam increments
Beam increment length ~
c 10
12 inches
I-- £. =120 In. 1 ... 1 Number of time increments = 200
~ I I Time increment length ~
Beam 1 1 I
-4
S~. 0 9 10 1.540 X 10 seconds
J \
\
1 \
J \
3. J
. \r-
I \
I \
\
I \
I \
I \
\.-: 1
C" : I \
I \
I \
I \
\
I
I
Fig 28. Example Problem 2-2. Deflection vs time for the center of beam.
1/10 of Natural Period
~ 1/100 of Natural Period
i
Dl
II
Cl
f 2 nVT BEi>¥1 STP
Fig 29. Example Problem 2-2. Moment vs time for the center of beam.
67
Beam Station 0 10 20 30 40
Static Weights of Wheels Beam Properties
Axle 1 right 3139 lb FI 4.5 X 10 in. Ib-in
Axle 1 left 3012 lb F2 9.0)( 10 in Ib-in
Axle 2 right 7780 Ib S 2.0 X 10 Ib/in
Axle 2 left 7103 lb PI 0.5964 Ib-sec /in/sta
P2 0.2982 Ib-sec /in/sta
S ta t ic Loads of Axles
Beam increment length 60 inches -2
Front 3075 lb Time increment length 5.666 X 10 sec
Rear 7441 Ib
Dynamic Forces of the
Front and Rear Axles
QHLB)
3
- 2xl0
3
-I X/O
o 5 10 15 20 25 35 40 Beam Sta
The beam is simply supported at the ends and has a length of 200 feet.
The beam is divided into 40 increments, each of which is 60 inches long. The
two linear springs are located at beam stations 10 and 30 and have a value of
2 X 105 lb/in. The first and third spans of the beam have a uniform flexural
11 2 2
stiffness of 4.5 X 10 lb-in. and a uniform mass density of 0.5964 lb-sec /
in./sta. The second span of the beam has a uniform flexural stiffness of
2 2
9.0 X lOll lb-in. and a uniform mass density of 0.2982 lb-sec /in./sta. The
computer model used in Ref 1 for simulating the AASHO standard 2-D truck is
shown in Fig 30. The input data for the springs and dashpots \>lhich simulate
the tires of the truck and the static weights of the wheels are also shown in
Fig 30. The computed dynamic forces of the four tires are averaged to give
the two axle forces which then are input into Table 7 of Progrc~ DBC5. The
distribution of these two axle forces on both the beam and time axes is shown
in Fig 30. The time axis is divided into 80 increments, each of which has a
-2
length of 5.666 X 10 seconds so that the front axle will move one beam
increment length per time station.
The computed deflections and moments along the time axis Eor the center
of the beam are plotted by the program as shown in Figs 31 and 32, respectively.
The plots are produced on microfilm which then can be enlarged.
A comparison of the dynamic response to the static respon.se of the deflec-
tions along the beam axis is shown in Fig 33. This static res"ponse of the
plot in Fig 33 is computed by specifying the static load of th= front axle at
beam station 21 and the static load of the rear axle at the ce":lter of the bar,
between beam stations 18 and 10; the dynamic response of the plot, therefore,
is the computed deflection along the beam axis for time station 21. The
dynamic effect on the responses of the beam produced by a moving 2-D truck
is fairly small compared to the static responses produced by the same truck.
This is because the dynamic forces generated by the 2-D truck, which is moving
on a smooth pavement, are smoothly varied with time, and therefore there are
small dynamic effects. Any other AASHO standard truck or semi-trailer can be
used in the program described in Ref 1 to generate the corresponding dynamic
tire forces, which then can be input with a limited amount of interpretation
into Table 7 of Program DBC5 to predict the dynamic responses of highway
structures that can be simulated by beam-columns.
·
o
t
~
Fig 31. Example Problem 3. Deflection vs time for the center of beam.
0
~
~ .
0
•
3~MVT BEAM STA = 20
Fig 32. Example Problem 3. Moment vs time for the center of beam.
71
Static
,. A " Dynamic
Example Problem 4-1. Simply Supported Steel Rod - Axial Pulse Base Time
0.10 Second
900 rr Problem 4 - 3
Peak Value:: 850 Ib
[Hammer I II Bending Moment I'
I . I I Bridge ILRubber
800 Aprox.3.75 in.--j r:: 150 In. ~mmmm~_ ~I Spring
...
::;)
.t:!
EI 3.28 'X
-1
t- 400 Weigh t 3.95 X 10 Ib/sta
o Problem 4-1 4-2 4-3
)(
<l: Number of time increments 40 300 400
10- 3 sec 5 X 10
300 -4
Time increment length 5 y 10- 3 sec 1 X sec
O~~~~----~-~--~----~----~------L-----~==~~~==------~
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 .08 .09 .10
Time, seconds
Fig 34. Example Problems 4-1. 4-2, and ~-3. Simply supported steel rod loaded by axial pulses.
.......
w
0
C!
0
r.£:!
If)
0
0
a
co
'<l'-
I
I
I
0
0 f
0
0
I
...- l
I
0
0 I
0
("
I Experimental
en
I - -- Without internal damping
"I ........ With internal damping
0
0
0
'<l'-
II
N
I
0
I
0
a
I
r.£:!
o
a
a
co
~H
0:
ttl ;
';J
/
,I
~J
4-1 OVT BER~ STR = 20
Fig 36. Example Problem 4-1. Deflection vs time for the center of beam.
76
Example Problem 4-2. Simply Supported Steel Rod - Axial Pulse Base Time
0.026 Second
Example Problem 4-3. Simply Supported Steel Rod - Axial Pulse Base Time
0.006 Second
In this problem the loaded axial pulse has a base time of 0.006 seconds
and a peak value of 850 pounds. Again the computed bending mo~ents along the
time axis, with and without internal damping factor, and the measured bending
moments are plotted as shown in Fig 39. Because of the higher frequency of
vibrations, the mode shapes of the beam vary rapidly with time and cause large
variation of curvature; therefore, the effect of the internal damping factor
is much greater than in the preceding two cases. The estimated value of
2
20 Ib-in. sec/sta input for the internal damping factor is higher than the
real value. Figure 40 shows the computed deflections along the time axis for
the center station of the steel rod.
Example Problem 5. Partially Embedded Steel Pipe Pile Loaded by Wave Forces
This problem shows how DBC5 can be used to solve the dyna.mic response of
laterally loaded piles to wave forces. Figure 41 presents a ~teel pipe of
30-inch outside diameter and 28-inch inside diameter which is partially
embedded in the soil to a depth of 80 feet and extends slightly above the sur-
face of the water which is 40 feet deep. The steel pipe is di.vided into 31
increments, ?ach of which has a length of 48 inches. The flexural stiffness
2
of the pipe is 2.877 X 10 inch lb-in. . The mass density of i:he pipe is 3.21
---- Experimental
--- Without internal damping
*** With internal damping
,
c
c:1
~1
!
o
u
o
Fig 37. Example Problem 4-2. Comparison of moments vs time for the center of beam.
I ------------.-" ----,-1-- I
c:. I
~1
:f'\ I
!
'\.
•
i
S21
~1
I
:JI
Fig 38. Example Problem 4-2. Deflection vs time for the center of beam.
I
\
,
1
0 --- Experimental
---- Without internal damping
*** With interna 1 damping
j -,--~-----r--------~-------.-------'
Fig 39. Example Problem 4-3. Comparison of moments vs time for the center of beam.
co
sr-.-S-G~~~I GG--~,);; .. -~;o;;-c-;s-,--!-"s-c ---2SG.SG--------zsC~GS-'--'3C=_; .S-,~-"-·-~~-s--7c~ .
o
.-JO CJC
i,:;1
~1
I
Fig 40. Example Problem 4-3. Deflection vs time for the center of beam.
81
Beam
Sta.
§·!!?r
Q))(
CIl<[
w
16---- - -
--
:Of (Soft ClaYJ'----"k----i~: R
QT
d
== -2 x 10
4
Ib
A Qb -1 X 104 lb
d
Beam increments = 31
60 ft. (Stiff Clay) Beam increment length ~ 48 in.
1 +w
I
I Time increments = 400
Time increment length =
31- - - - - -2
1.0 X 10 seconds
-, r-30 in
A28in
Section A-A
3
6.91 X 10 Ib (Sta. 160)
2 .
1b-sec I~n.
from station 1 to station 31. A large mass, which is arbitrarily
2
set at 32.1 1b-sec lin., is lumped at station 0 to represent the weights of
the structure, equipment, etc. The static weights of the pipe and the large
mass lumped at station 0 are considered to be the axial compreEsion forces,
4 4
which are distributed from 1.220 X 10 pound at station 1 to 4.924 X 10
6 L
pound at station 31. An estimated value of 1.918 X 10 1b-in. :-sec/sta is
input for the internal damping factor.
The pipe is assumed to be simply supported at station 31 and assumed to
7
have a linear spring support of 3 X 10 1b/in. as well as a rotational re-
10
straint of 2.1 X 10 1b-in./rad at station 1. From station 1J. to station 31,
the pipe is laterally supported by soil. The soil from station 11 to station
16 is assumed to be a soft clay which has a shear strength that varies from
2 2
200 1b/ft at the top to 333.4 1b/ft at the bottom. The soil below station 16
is assumed to be a stiff clay which has a shear strength of approximately
2
4751b/ft . Generation of the resistance-deflection curves fOl~ the soil sup-
ports at stations 11 and 13 is based on a technique presented by Matlock
(Ref 6). The resistances and deflections for both support curves are described
at 20 points as shown in Fig 42. The remaining support curves between stations
11 and 16 are linearly distributed.
The nonlinear characteristics of the resistance-def1ectio'1 curves for the
soil supports from station 16 to station 31 are obtained from the data for the
experiment done by Matlock and Vora in Ref 8. The nonlinear resistance-
deflection curves are also described at 20 points, as shown in Fig 43.
4
Current drag forces are assumed to vary from -2 X 10 pound at station 1
4
to -1 X 10 pound at station 11. Idealized wave forces are shown at the
bottom of Fig 41. The wave forces are assumed to vary linearly from station 1
-2
to station 11. The time increment length is equal to 1.0 X 10 seconds.
Four hundred time stations are solved for this problem.
The computed deflections and moments versus time for stations 10 and 21
are plotted by the program, as shown in Figs 44 and 45, respectively. Figure
46 shows the computed deflections along the beam axis for time stations 60 and
160. Figure 47 shows the computed deflection along the beam axis for time
stations 230 and 280. Figure 48 shows the computed moments along the beam
axis for time stations 60 and 320. All plots in this problem are automatically
plotted using the ball-point plotting method.
Resistance (Q) Support Curve at Beam Station 13
LB Point Q W Point Q W
4 - 2650 0.034
2 1.5 x 10 1 14380 -20.000 11
2 14380 - 5.426 12 - 4700 0.202
3 11750 - 2.963 13 - 6100 0.418
Support 4 10500 - 2.119 14 - 7490 0.769
B~am Station 13 5 9240 - 1.444 15 - 8365 1.072
6 8365 - 1.072 16 - 9240 1.444
7 7490 - 0.769 17 -10500 2.119
8 6100 - 0.4181 18 -11750 2.963
9 4700 - 0.202 19 -14380 5.426
II 2
h~\" ~ 10 2650 - 0.034 20 -14380 20.000
: --------__~~3
I Support Curve at
I
I
I
Beam Station II Deflection (W)
I
I
2 3 4 5 INCH 20
I
~~--~-----1------~----~------4------4~----~------~----~------~----~----~~~~
-20 -5 -4 -3 -2 -I
I
1
I
1
Support Curve at Beam Station 11 I
,1
Fig 42. Symmetric resistance-deflection curves of soft clay at beam stations 11 and 13.
• Resistance (Q) Support Curve at Beam Stations 16 to 31
I LB Point Q H Point Q W
I
I
10
I
I Deflection (W)
I
1
~+------+-----~------~------~-----+------4---- - + - - - ·······1
-20 -5 -4 -3 -2 -I
2 3 4
I
5
I
INCH 20
~ ...
II
104
I
-2 x 104t I
I
1I
1I
18
19 10
-3 x 10
4
1
Fig 43. Symmetric resistance-deflection curves of stiff clay at beam stations 16 to 31.
Beam STA 21
c; :
;;J
I ,
C) i
~1
01
t<?1
C:1,
C")
, I
r, I
c\jl
I
I
Fig 45. Example Problem 5. Moment vs time for beam stations 10 and 21.
- --.------ -------,--- ---- -- -~------. ~-,~,,-~;,~~~===ri~----~.
~ ~:~ ·(?~CC 1r:?c:~ //~,~,~~ ~<r.c'G 2~'J~ j2.~C.
l
I
\ \
\" //
t1
I
'-
'.~
//
C'
;j
Time II
,
//1
I
c:::
\ STA 160
,~
I I
:.- -1
\ / I
L~
C·
,
I
\
\..
\", ----
// /
.- j
A
n
r~ I
\
\
/
C) Time STA 60
'"
-J!
Fig 46. Example Problem 5. Deflection along the beam axis for time stations 60 and 160.
co
co
.GC
~\'
I'
,;I;
, \
\
\
\
i
I'
\
\ \
\ Time I
I
\
\
Fig 47. Example Problem 5. Deflection along the beam axis for time stations 230 and 280.
Time STA 60
;--'
I
I~.\/ \ .
u: !/
! /
\;'.
Time
/
STA 320
\ 1\
1/
~-~'J"*.
~'.;C~';. --~r("""
±=::[==... ~....
- '-4• -J -....J _, -.,..J _J ~ , _!J
O! I
CJ ,
~~ \ )
\ )I
~~ i "\ ;' /
~j., .\\.\ /
, I
/1
t::> I ,!
C
c::;,~
r"
' -,
I
01
O!
~J
Fig 48. Example Problem 5. Moment along the beam axis for time stations 60 and 320.
90
10 2
Beam
Station V E1 2.4 x 10 lb-in
2
R~E.!!!
0----- 0.5184 lb-sec /in/sta
W
T 10Slb
QlM
met 10
R - 3 X 10 lb-in/rad
SB and SN see Fig 50
8---- El, 'f
Beam increments ~ 30
Beam increment length 48 inches
Time increments ~ 40
16 - OT - - - -
-2
17 Time increment length 4 x 10 seconds
30
Transient Pulse 0 T
Time Station
-10 4
NElgative One-Way
Resistance (Q) Support Curve at
LB Beam Station 8
Negative One - way Support
Curve at Beam Station 8 Point Q W
2
3
2 40,000 -3.0
3 39,000 -2.0
4 35,000 -1.0
5 20,000 -0.5
6 0 0.0
7 0 4.0
Deflection (W)
2 3 4 INCH
-4 -3 -2 -I t7 ..
I
I
I
I
I
Symmetric Support Curve I
I
at Beam Station 17 I
I
Point Q W 7 18
1
2
3
13,600
13 , 600
8,600
-4.0
- 2 .0
-1. 0
Symmetric Support
at Beam Station
cu~
17-~
4 3,000 -0.3
5 - 3,000 0.3
6 - 8,600 1. 0
7 -13,600 2.0
8 -13,600 4.0
PHO"RA~' f)rlC., - ~ASIEf< • ,JilCK CH""I _ M"TLOCIo( _ nFCt<)-REvlc;ynN 11r.Tf =26 .111"1 71
t.)(~''''''''LF "'14011(I""'S ppnr.PA!-I [)RCc;
FOR .. V JACK Cl-lfII\1 clUNE 1Q71
IH"IA'~IC )~~A'-1·r""LJI'~N PRnr;OA'-1 I 5-1.C; T'-1Pl,H'IT ()PF~ATl'ln )
pJ.(O~ (CO'"TO)
6 THPI'f.-SPA"J HEI\'" I~!TH ()~F-i.//\v ANI) <;VM .... FTRr( NON( r'JFAQ <iUP LOAOEI) ;:tV T.p
0000* PLnT OF I)EFLECTln~ V<; TrMF FI')D R~AM ~TATTn~S OF. 00000
2 rUI'n/1" (+ 1 ::;
17
PT.'I)O °VALd!:!>
-1 -1.31H:-lf:l +
0 -b.601F-17 +
1 -6.00";1" -In + or
? -1.613I"-iJ2 + or
3 _2.9'tlF-Ol'
-4.:.7bF-l)?
+ "'r
4
-J.4(4E-J?
+ *;; r
5 + r
I:> -1.71'fF-J? + or
7 _2.6l;;61"_04 + 0
-3.031F-03
f'l
-1.4t:1!:>I".,)?
*r •
9
10 -1.73111"-')2 +
°T
or
•
_2. u JoF_')? or
11
12 -3."bbF_l? +
• 0 T
13
14
-3. '7\-1bF-,)?
-3 .... .:cl"-,J?
• 0
T
+ 0 T
-1.0 __ 5F-I)'?
• *r
1 '"
\1:> 7.bl2E-d)
-3.977F- rn
. •
17 or •
If< -3.4t:i3f-')2
_3.1j44F_.J? • .. T
19
20 -2.12'lF_'12 +
• 0 T
*1
21 -1.'1 ... SI"-J? + °T
?2 -5. Ul:l4F-,J3 "T +
23 /:I. StIlF-,) 3
* •
24 3.U'1!:>!="-03 0
•
25 -2. t;3ll"-,P • *r
26 -3.00"lF-I)2 • '>1
?7 1.60cl"-,)2 + 0
28 4.1371"-02 • ro
-1.I:H~2f-')2
29
10 -tJ.'?/tll"-OZ
°T •
0 T •
31 -1.Jt;I;F-02 or.
3? b.972F-J2 • T 0
33 4.04~F-()? + TO
34 -6.4:;UF-v2 + * T
35 _!:I.3ott.lF_i)':
36 '1.599F-01
0 T •
37 7.1211"-'12 *T 0 +
•
4. 2411f-1)?
38
39
40
-b. 1 !:>'fE-(lZ
-'.51:l4F-()?
+
+
.. T*
T
+
* T
Fig 51. Example Problem 6. Deflection vs time for beam stations 8 and 17.
94
..._.
PROq (CO'lITO)
6 THREE-SPAN BEAM WITH ONF-WAY ANt) 5Vlo1MFTRTC IIIONLINFAI:! sup LOADEn RY T.p
PLoT OF nENU • MOM. vs Ttr.lF F'nR RF'AM CiTATIONS OF. •••••
I CUHVF ( . ) 1;1
8
2 CURVE (+ ) • 11
PT.t,jO *VALUE·
-1 -3.358F-I0 +
0 -3.89lE'-10 +
1
2
-3.518E'+04
-9. 53 81=:+0 4
• T +
• y +
3
4
-1.812f:+05
-2,122F+05 • • T +
T +
5
6
-2,1l5E+05 • T +
-1.409E'+05 • T +
1
a
.4.657f+04 • T +
1.139E+04 t· +
10
9 -5.331E+U3
-6.111F+04 • • +
+
T
11 -l,aZ8E+05 • T +
12 -2.815E+v5 • T +
13 -2.433E'+05 • T +
14 -1.a28F+OS • 1 +
lIS -S.922E+04 • T +
16
11
18
3.1 1 8F+04
1.2Z2F+04
-9.1 51 E+04 •
J
T * - +
+
+
19 -2,51;91'.:+05 . T
T +
20 -2.96SE+I)S * T +
21
Z2
-1.227E:.OS • + !,.
7olb6E+04 + •
23
24
1.01I;E+O<;
-1.266E+U4
T
*'T
• +
25 -8.17SE+V4 eo !+
•
26
21
_3.985E+04
_1.949F+04 • +
• .Y!
28 -4.J40E+04
.3.05ZF.'+04
• T +
29
• !T ~.
30
31
2.709E+04
1.262r::.04 T +
• •
32
33
.. S,033E+04
-1./)2bE+v4
+ • T
+ * 'T
34 _S,11 40 F:+040 • +
3S
]6
-1.049E+04
2.866f"+U4
•T +
+
*
31
38
4.1b3F+04
_4.1/)401='+1)4 +*
T • +
!
39 .. 9,1931':+04 + * T
40 -1.125E+~4 * + T
Fig 52. Example Problem 6. Moment vs time for beam stations 8 and 17.
95
respectively. Figure 53 shows the computed deflections along the beam axis
for time stations 4, 8, and 20. Figure 54 shows the computed moments along
the beam axis for time stations 12, 16, and 30.
W
max
where t is the base time and TI is equal to 3.1416. If the nonlinear spring
c
96
f.lRO"HA~ n,:!C':l * "'lASTEH - ,IIII";K CHl\N - MI\TI.()CI( - r)FCKI-REVJ5rli~1 t)l\Tf :& 2b ,III~I 7'
I::XI\'1,.)LE ~ROtlLF'-\5 FOR PPIir:QAM f)HC" HY JACI( r:~At,1 IIINE 1971
UY!\jfl~TC IlEAM-t(lL'It~N P'?Iir,0I\M ( ~-1-C:; TMPI TCfT IiPF~ATnR "
PROq ICO",TI,))
(, THQEt:-SPAIIl HE A'~ '~l T", (lNF-\OIAY ANI) <:;'1Mo.,IFTQTC NONL I'~F'IIP C:;JP U)AOF.n ~v f.P
**'*** PL,,'T OF 11FfLt:CTrON<; ~LONr; ~I=' III~ A'{15 liT TTIo1F c:;T AT 101\15 1')1", *It***
-1 S. 3iH~F-:)3 l(
0 o. l(
1 5.7~"'F'-')3 l(
2 1.71;)7[-.)? +(
'3 3.1"'''E-');;> +l(
... .... 173F_')2 +*l(
5 ....37'/E-J?' +*')(
6 3 ..:.'''i3F-J2 +*X
7 .... 5 ... 91"-.)) +x
~ - .... S7bF-');> It'+
9 _1.2221"_'11
It' +
10 -c.2 U 3f- 1J l l( +
11 -3.35JF-iJl l( +
12 - .... 625F'- i ll )(
T+
13 -5.9701='-U1 'I( T+
14 -7.33'1F-IH 'to T +
15 -1::l.6~"'F-i)1 't* T +
16 -9.9S1F-'Jl )t
*' T +
17 ':'1.1111"+<)0 J( * T +
18 -1.1~2F'+'IO X. r +
*
19 -1.2 3 1-1".')0 X * T +
20 -1.25uF+1)ll X *' T +
21 -1.22'~e::+JO A * f +
22 -l.17HF+110 l(
23 ·1.0~~F.+I)O )(
*
.. . T
T
+
+
~4
25
-9.9,,7F-01
-8.6"u F -uJ
)(
l( . T +
26
27
-7.15~r-Ol
-5.5101"-01
l( .. I
T +
+
)(
* T •
28 -3.7 ... 31"-\11 J( * T +
29 - 1 • 8 '12 F - 'Jl X * I +
30 o.
31 1.d'12E-'l1 +
l(
T . )C
Fig 53. Example Problem 6. Deflection along the beam axis for time
stations 4, 8, and 20.
97
PROr,RAM nBC':) -
EXIIMPLE
~AS1E~
P~OHLF'MS
-
CHttt,j
J'\CK Mil nocl<
FOR p~nr.RAM OBCe;
-
nEC~I-REVJ~I~N nATE :0: 20 J11"l 71
~V JACI' C~AM ,IUNE 1 eni
-
DYt,jA'lIC I:'IF:AM-rnLIlMN PRnt;I"III"I ! 5-1-e; TMPUC IT OPFi(ATI"IR )
p~o~ ( CO·iTl.ll
0 TrlREE-SPAI\J BEtH IOIiTl-l nNF:-wAV ANI) c:.v"IMFTRIC NONLII\)FA~ ~lJP LOAOE'I) >IV T.p
~~ ........ PLnT OF REIltD. MOM. 1\ LON(; RF"M AX I S liT TT>.4F ~TATIONS r'lF, ~ ... ~~ ...
1 CURVE (1. ! ;:
12
2 r.UHVF (+ I = 1&
3 CURVE (X) = 30
PT.t>lO ·VAUJE.
-1 O. l(
0 &.:;031'"+04 1(+ ...
1 7.6731"+'14 . ..
2
3
2.1':)UE"+04
_3.3d5E"+04
l(
It +.
4 -8.86SF+\)4 .. 11 +
xr+
5 -1.4~2[+O5
• Kr+
. •
6 -1.937F"+OS l( ..
7 -2.424,,=+OS
8 -2.875F+J"i .. T)( +
T l(
9 -2.bOO,:+0.::, ... T + x
10 -2.2d3f+05 .. +
.. .. T )(
11 -1.930E+O'i T + )C
12 -1.54~E+0'i T + X
13 -1.153F.+OS ... T + ~
14 _1, 64 OE+04
15 -4.0bB[+04
• .. .T T +
+
X
.(
1b -1.0 7 7F"+U4 +
17
18
2.11)0[+05
3.5851'"+05
T
+ T~
+ X
'(
..
19
20
4.323F+0'i
4.89H+Ot; X +
X+ r . ..
T
21
22
5.271F:+OS
5. 446 f+J'5
l(
+
+ T .. ..
..
)(
23 5.4071':+05 X +
24
25
5.1491="+115
4.679[+05
/..
X
+
. T
.. ..
T
2b 4.01 2 [+o':i X + T •
27 3.173E+,15 X + T •
28 2.1'171::+0<;
29
30
1.123E+OS
-9.2 5 2F-09
l( +
J( +
T
T .
l(
31 O. y.
Fig 54. Example Problem 6. Moment along the beam axis for
time stations 12, 16, and 30.
98
10,000 Ibs
50 ,---
10 ft
Loads
~;;g;;;;--12.75 in. 00. x 0.5 in. Wall Pipe
1
40
x ~4 [(12.75)4
6
F o. E1 30 x 10
30
9 2
10.9 x 10 lb-in
20 40ft. Mass Density:
Sta 0 to 40: Weight of soil + pile ~ 200 lbs/ft
10
:. p 200/386.4~. 5.184 lb-sec 2 /in/sta
o Sta 40 to 50: Weight of pile + lateral load
Beam ~ 10,000 Ibs. Distributing on 10' length.
Station 2
10,000 Ibs p = 10,000/(10 x 386.4) " 2.592 lb-sec /in/sta
~.~
J
W
Q.!
£I.J <[
)(
(a)
Number of beam increments = 50
Beam increment length = 12 inches
Number of time increments 160
Time increment length = 5 X 10
-3
seconds
Earthquake-Induced Forces
Let X
max
- 1/10 G ~ 38.6 in/sec
2
2
2000 x 0.1 X 38.6
2
n
0 5 10 15 20 Time Station
sec 78.2 lbs
~ -1 ~
tc=O.l
(d)
Fig 55. Example Problem 7. Partia lly embedded pile excited by
sinusoidal earthquake-induced forces.
99
T N 2 ., 2
Qmax S tWin
c max
50
-50
Positive Resistance-
D~flection curvi
"""'--___II'__...J_~"'----J>.----'I_
B C
Fig 56. Computed resistance-deflection curves of the one-way supports at beam station 20
of Example Problem 7.
.08
(f)
Q)
..c .04
u
c
c
0
+-
-
U
<l>
Q)
.02
0
Q)
(f)
~
Q)
>
(f) 50 100 Time Sta.
c:
0
0
....
l-
t
I
-02
-.04 I
Fig 57. Example Problem 7. Deflection vs time for beam station 20.
r-'
o
N
jA
i \
f \
i
r---
,..,,..,.• r,..,
- '- ,~ .J.....,
.; !
c:
'_. -I I I
. Fig 58. Example Problem 7. Deflection vs time for beam stations 10 and 30.
I
~. I
01
c; l
\ ~ Beam STA 40
. -~!~(f'*---.----~
'-is· \ 1
\
,
r-"i
~ •."
r."
.JJ
\
I
'" I
ell
I
\
~~ I
I
!
~'1
L"
LY~
,
I
I \LBeam STA 50
en
C; I
0--,
I
~~ j
,-------::::---11---- --,-------~I - - - -,-------
r.-.
- 6 ·Jv
C)"'.I
'l,",0
r''-'
8.CJO ~6.00 ;:/i.OG
I
3Z.!J:J
I
~I
STA 10
~;l
t "J ;
°1
O.J
,
~.\\
c
-1
\
~Time STA 150
.--- " -
gl
----~ .. -~~-.-, - - - - " ,-
·8·0::; (~~-C,::; 5.,(,J 15,OJ
Fig 61. Example Problem 7. Deflection along the beam axis for time stations 50 and 150.
r\
Time STA
,J Ll i
~ ~~_ji
i \
I
Jr. «1
:-, I
i
~~J STA 100
~ I
Fig 62. Example Problem 7. Moment along the beam axis for time stations 30 and 100.
CHAPI'ER 6. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
107
108
supports is useful when the support yields or disconnects from the beam-column
since the spring-load iteration method fails in these cases.
This report is intended to encourage use of DBC5 as a tool in computer
aided design. Highway structural and foundation designers can use it to solve
many problems, static or dynamic, which they encounter and which presently are
solved by rough approximations or by tedious hand calculations. A very impor-
tant use would be for a study of the dynamic response of actual. truck loaded
beam-columns, as illustrated in Example Problem 3 described in Chapter 5. A
highly sophisticated computer program (Ref 1) is available to compute the time
variant dynamic forces of the tires of a truck moving at a uniform speed on
highway pavements. With limited interpretation, the computed dynamic tire
forces could be input in the table provided for the time dependent lateral
loads in Program DBC5.
Further application to design problems that are difficult to solve by
conventional means is possible. The possible variations include analyses of a
bridge structure as foundation supports settle, railroad loadings on continu-
ous spans supported on soil foundations, the effect of axial l,)ads induced
from tractive forces or temperature changes, approach slabs connected integral-
ly with the bridge structure and supported on soil foundations, offshore piles
loaded with wave forces and partially embedded in the soil, ani transverse
response to earthquake-induced forces.
Future extensions to the model and the program might include, for highway
pavement analysis, the coupling of a vehicle model and pavement roughness
characteristics to the beam-column model for generation of dynamic loads (simi-
lar to the model described in Ref 1) and the inelastic analysis of beam proper-
ties.
The nonlinear solution capabilities should be extended to the beam bending
stiffness variable. Nonlinear moment-curvature relations could be incorporated
in the iterative procedure, thereby permitting analysis of the beam material
for stresses in the nonlinear range. The hysteresis effect of the nonlinear
moment-curvature relations should also be considered.
Studies of the nonlinear closure procedure should be continued. Methods
for accelerating closure in the load iteration technique should be developed.
In Program DBC5, the iteration process is performed at each time step. It is
possible, however, to iterate only at the critical time stations; at the rest
of the time stations, the support stiffness can be assumed to be unchanged
109
since a small time increment length must be used in these problems. The
existing discrete-element model requires the user to know and specify the dis-
tribution of axial thrust throughout the beam. A valuable extension of this
work would be modification of the model to include axial deformations and
development of the force-deformation equations for axial thrust.
Finally, experimental data are required for further evaluation of the
method, especially in predicting the path-dependent behavior of the supports.
Research of this nature will furnish additional data on the nonlinear behavior
of the supports, which could be applied to modification of the existing multi-
element models for nonlinear supports so that buckling, fracture, softening,
and relaxation (creep) of the support could also be considered in the program.
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
"#$%!&'()!*)&+',)%!'-!$-.)-.$/-'++0!1+'-2!&'()!$-!.#)!/*$($-'+3!
44!5"6!7$1*'*0!8$($.$9'.$/-!")':!
REFERENCES
2. Crank, J., and P. Nicolson, "A Practical Method for Numerical Evaluation
of Solutions of Partial Differential Equations of Heat Conduction
Type," Proceedings, Cambridge Philosophical Society, Vol 43, 1947,
pp 50-67.
10. Sa1ani, Harold, and Hudson Matlock, "A Finite-Element Method for Trans-
verse Vibrations of Beams and Plates," Research Report 56-8, Center
for Highway Research, The University of Texas at Austin, June 1967.
111
112
The dynamic model used in Program DBCS is discussed in Chapter 2 and the
free-body diagram of the model is shown in Fig 3.
Since the rigid bars connected between the deformable joints are only
responsible for transferring the bending moments, the shears, and the axial
thrusts from one joint to another, the equation of motion of the beam-column
can be obtained by summing up all the forces, internal or external, at any
deformable joint where the beam properties are lumped. For the convenience of
the reader, the free-body diagram of a portion of the dynamic beam-column
model is shown in Fig A1.
If we take equilibriums for the moments in Bar j and Bar j+1 and for the
vertical forces at joint J, then
for Bar j
i d i d
M.J- 1 - M. + (D ).J- 1 dt (CPj-1,k)
J
- (D ).
J dt ( cp j , k)
T = 0 (A. 1)
+ V.h + (T. + T. k) (-w . -1 k + w. k)
J J J, J, J,
(A.2 )
for Joint
T - R.] -1 8] .- 1 + R.]+ 1 8 1+
. 1
Vj - Vj + 1 + Qj,k + Qj + 2h
llS
Bar Number - - - - -- - - - --- - -
(De). d ( ) = 0 (A.3 )
J dt wj,k
Solving for the shears Vj and V. 1 in Eqs A.l and A.2 and substituting
J+
into Eq A.3 and multiplying by h yields
- hS sW
j j ,k
N
hS.J, k W J,
' k = 0 (A.4)
M. 1 = F. 1
J- J- 2
- 2w j _ l ,k+l + wj,k+lJ
M F __1__ fw - 2w + W + 2
j j 2h2 L j-l,k-l j,k-l j+l,k-l wj-l,k+l - wj,k+l
+ W j+ 1 , k+ 1 ~ ,
118
,
- 2w·+l
J , k+l + w·+
J2, k+lJ '
1
== h22h L-wj-1,k-l + 2w j ,k_l - wj+1,k-l + wj-1,k+l
t
6
1
j+l = 4h L-Wj,k-l - wj,k+l + w j + 2 ,k-l + wj + 2 ,k+lJ '
N
S.J, k
1
== h 2 LWj,k-l 2w j ,k + Wj ,k+ 1 J '
t
119
d 1 I
dt
(w. k)
J,
=
2h L-w.J, k-1 + w.J ,
k+-1I:
t
::
1 I
w j-1,k 2 LW j - 1 ,k-1 + w j - 1 ,k+1J
r
1 I l
w. k
J,
::
2 Lw.J, k-1 + w.J, k+ 1 J
r
1
\1·+1
J ,k
=
2 LWJ
·+1, k - 1 + w.J
+ 1, k+ 1 J
T 1 r T T -:
Q. k =
J, 2 LQj,k-1 + Qj,k+1J
T 1 ; T T-:
T.J, k =
2 LT.
J, k-1 + J, k+ 1
T. J'
and
T ::
1 1- T T-
(A.5 )
T j+1,k 2 LT j+1,k-1 + T j+1,k+1J
3
2h p.
NS . J
+ (S J. + S. k+ 1) +
J,
J h 2
t
3
4h p.-
= [ _--,,"J J w. k +
h 2 J,
t
1 [ i i i ] 2··· T
+ h (D )j-1 + 4(D )j + (D )j+l - h LT j + Tj + 1 + 0.S(T j ,k_1
t
121
(A.6)
+ d w. + e w. + f
k-l J+l,k-l k-l J+2,k-l j,k
where
O.25hR. 1
J-
= -2(F. 1 + F.)
J- J
O 5( T T) .
• Tj,k_l + Tj,k+l J '
i i
C
k+ l = (F. 1 + 4F. + F.+ ) + hI L' (D ). 1 + 4(D ). + i
J- J J l t J- J (D )j+lJ
2
+ h :T + T + 0 5(TT + TT T T
L j j+l • j,k-l j,k+l + Tj+l,k-l + Tj+l,k+l) J
122
TTl
+ O.S(T'+l
J , k-1 + T'+l
J , k+1)J· ,
O.25hR j + 1 '
2 (Di)
a _ -1
k 1
= -a k+ 1 + ,
h
t
-
r 1.'
b _
k 1
= -b k+ 1 - h
t
L(D ) j-1 + (D i) j J'
i ~
2h 3 (De)
c _
k 1
= -c k+ 1 + h L(D i).J- 1 + 4 (D i) , + (D ) j+1J +
J h
,
t t
r • i -
d _
k 1
= -d
k+l
-
h
L(D 1.) j + (D ) j+1J
t
i
2 (D )
e _ = -e k+ 1 +
k 1 h
t
123
f.J, k.
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
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!
!
"#$%!&'()!*)&+',)%!'-!$-.)-.$/-'++0!1+'-2!&'()!$-!.#)!/*$($-'+3!
44!5"6!7$1*'*0!8$($.$9'.$/-!")':!
APPENDIX B
f. (B .1)
J
w. = (B.2 )
J
= (B .4)
w
J J- 2 + B.J- 2(A.J- 1 + B.J- lW'J + c.J- lW'J+ 1) + c.J- 2 J'J·
a.[A.
127
128
f. (B.5)
J
(B.7)
where
B.
J
= D.(E.C. 1 + d.)
J J J- J
(B.7b)
and where
For beam and beam-column problems, the coefficients A., B., and C.
J J J
can be thought of as expressing the physical continuity of the system. In
129
these coefficients all of the known input data are digested and stored. The
coefficients at anyone station depend not only on the load and stiffness
data at that station but also on effects from all previous stations. These
coefficients have therefore been termed "Continuity Coefficients."
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
"#$%!&'()!*)&+',)%!'-!$-.)-.$/-'++0!1+'-2!&'()!$-!.#)!/*$($-'+3!
44!5"6!7$1*'*0!8$($.$9'.$/-!")':!
APPENDIX C
w.] , k (C.1)
133
134
3
4h p.,
. J '
\
h
2 )w.J, k
t
L
~ (D ) j+l-
- Fj+ 1 - h J Wj+2 , k-l (C.2 )
t
Assuming that the beam has a uniform cross section, uniform elastic
properties, uniform mass density. and a uniform internal damping coefficient,
Eq C.2 can be simplified as
(C .3)
135
where
terms divided by h
t
p ~ all p terms
(F + D) f (~ j)e(k+1)¢ + (F - D) f (~ ,j)e(k-1)¢
n' n
sin t-'"' Je
. k¢
n
(C.4 )
where
= sin ~
n
(j-2) - 4 sin \3 (j-1) + 6 sin \3 j
n. n
Let
2
q
(C.S)
4 sin \3 (j-1)
n
= 4(sin 13n J' cos 13n - cos I3n j sin P )
n
(C.6)
2 (cos ¢ _ 1)2 2
cos 2p
n
= 2 cos p -1
n n
= cos Pn - 2 cos Pn + 1 ,
2¢
and dividing by the coefficient of e thus
e
2¢ + I
L
2i- 2 2 Je
, ¢
4 (F + D) (cos P - 1) + q
n
137
Let
2
B = ,- 9 and
2 2"""1
L4(F + D) (cos \3 - 1) + q
n J
2
4(F - D) (cos fln _ 1)2 + q
C = 2
4(F + D) (cos P _ 1)2 + q
n
= o (C.S)
Equation C.S is the quadratic equation which can be used to evaluate the
stability criterion of the dynamic solutions of the beam. The criterion for
the solution of w in Eq C.l, which is to be bounded as time approaches
j,k ~l ~
infinity, is that the roots of the quadratic, e and e 2 , must satisfy
the condition that
(C.9)
=
138
and
= - B - JB2 - C (C.lO)
true
(C.ll)
- 1)
4
+ 8F (cos ~n (C.13)
2
By omitting the positive term (cos i3 - 1) , the criterion for the stability
n
of the dynamic solution of a uniform beam with hinged ends and internal
damping coefficient becomes
2 2 2 2
16 (F - D )(cos ~
n
- 1) + 8Fq ~ a (C .14)
80
so
Prob.
No. Description of problem
5
I II so
TABLE 1. PROGRAM CONTROL DATA (One card for each problem)
Enter "1" to keep data from prior tables Number of cards input for tables
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10 15 20 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 70 75 80
TABLE 2. CONSTANTS (One, two, or three cards; none if preceding Table 2 is held)
Comple te print
out at
time s ta
interval
KPS Monitor s ta tions
I
6
I
10
I
2f
I
2S
I
30
I
35
I
40 45
I
50
I
55 60
I I
65 70
** If iteration switch is not zero, use the following card, otherwise ignore:
20 30
TABLE 3. SPECIFIED DEFLECTIONS AND SLOPES (The number of cards as shown in Table 1, none if preceding Table 3 is held)
Initial or
permanent
Case switch
STA -Idd: Deflection Slope lOPS #
6 10 16 20 30 40
I
46
I
50
tdd, I f case ~ 1, specified deflection 'If If lOPS 1, initial deflection or slope (or both) is
~ 2, specified slope specified.
= 3, specified both = 2, permanent deflection or slope (or both)
is s fled.
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Page 3 of 13
TABLE 4. STIFFNESS AND FIXED-LOAD DATA (The number of cards as shown in Table 1)
Enter
"1" if
can't Bending Transverse Static spring Static axial Rotationa 1 Transverse
From To on next stiffness static load support thrust restraint couple
STA STA card F QF S T R CP
I6 I I I I
10 15 20 JO 40 50 60 70 90
Enter
"1" if
can't Internal External
From To on next Mass density damping damping
STA STA card RHO DI DE
I6 10
I I I I31 .
I I
15 20 40 50 SO
TABLE 6. TIME DEPENDENT AXIAL THRUST (The number of cards as shown in Table 1)
4S 55 $5
TABLE 8. NONLINEAR SUPPORT CURVES (Three cards per curve, the number of cards as shown in Table 1)
Enter
"1" if Symme-
From To cont'd Resistance Deflection Num try Deflection Resistance
Beam Beam on next Multiplier Hultiplier Points Option Tolerance Tolerance
STA STA card QM.P WMP NPOC KSYM WNTOL QNTOL
I
6
I
10
I
15
l
20
...
30
I I
40 45 50 60
I
70
TABLE 9. PLOTTING SWITCHES (One card for each plot, the number of cards as shown in Table 1)
Beam
Hultiple
Horizontal Vertical plot
axis axis switch
GDThe consecutive plots, which are entered 1 for Multiple Plot Switch, will superimpose on common axes. The last
plot of the group of plots which are superimposed on common axes must be entered 0 for Multiple Plot Switch.
For consecutive plots which are entered 0 for Multiple Plot Switch, each plot is plotted separately on different
axes.
The data cards must be stacked in proper order for the program to run.
A consistent system of units must be used for all input data, for example, lbs and inches.
All words of 5-spaces or less are understood to be right justified integers, whole decimal
numbers, or alphanumeric words. ~ or ~
All words of 10-spaces are right justified floating-point decimal numbers. E4.231E+OU
For each of Tables 2 and 3, a choice must be made between holding all the data from the
preceding problem or entering entirely new data. If the hold option for any of these
Tables is set equal to 1, the number of cards input for that Table must be zero.
For Tables 4 through 9, the data is accumulated in storage by adding to previously stored data.
The number of cards input is independent of the hold option, except that the cumulative total
of cards cannot exceed 100 in Tables 4 through 7; 60 in Table 8; and 10 in Table 9. Card
counts entered in Table 1 should be rechecked carefully after the coding of each problem is
completed.
Table 2. Constants
The maximum number of increments into which the beam-column may be divided is 200. Typical units
for the value of beam increment length are inches. The maximum number of increments into
which the time axis may be divided is 1000. Typical units for the value of time increment
length are seconds. If the printing switch (IPS) is set equal to -1, only results at monitor
beam stations will be printed, except at every time station interval specified (KPS) where
results at all beam stations will be printed. If the printing switch (IPS) is set equal to
+1, the complete results of all beam stations will be printed at every time station and the
second card therefore is not necessary. If the printing switch is equal to zero or left
blank, no intermediate results will be printed. MONS is the number of specified monitor beam
stations which are entered on the second card from column 21 to column 70, for printing the
monitor stations results at every time station. The maximum number of monitor beam stations
which may be used is 10.
This page replaces an intentionally blank page in the original --- CTR Library Digitization Team
Page 7 of 13
The second input card should be omitted when the printing switch (IPS) is set equal to zero,
blank, or +l.
For nonlinear support curves, which are stated in Table 8, the switch (ITSW) is set equal to
either a negative or positive integer, for example, -lor +1. If ITSW is set equal to zero
or left blank, no nonlinear support curves may be entered in Table 8 and the third input card
must be omitted.
MONI is the number of monitor beam stations, which are entered on the third input card from
column 41 to column 65, for printing monitor deflections during the iteration process. The
maximum number of monitor beam stations which may be requested is 5.
MAXIT is the number of iterations to be allowed for this problem. The maximum number is 50.
WMAX is the maximum allowable deflection for this problem.
WTOL is the closure tolerance for the iteration process.
MOP is a switch for selecting the method of plotting the results of beam or time stations which
are stated in Table 9.
If MOP is set equal to -1, microfilm plots are made.
If MOP is set equal to zero or left blank, printer plots are made.
If MOP is set equal to 1, l2-inch standard ball-point paper plots are made.
LOP is an optional switch for choosing point or line plots for the microfilm or paper plots.
If LOP = -j, point plots are made at every jth point.
If LOP = a or blank, line plots are made. If LOP = j, line plots with a point plot at every jth
point are made.
If no cards are entered for Table 9, MOP and LOP may be left blank.
If MOP is set equal to zero or left blank, LOP may be left blank.
The maximum number of beam stations at which deflections and slopes may be specified is 20.
A slope may not be specified closer than 3 increments from another specified slope.
A deflection may not be specified closer than 2 increments from a specified slope, except that
both a deflection and a slope may be specified at the same beam station.
lOPS is a switch for specifying either an initial deflection (or slope) or a permanent deflection
(or slope) at the beam station stated on the same card.
If lOPS is set equal to 1, initial deflection or slope (or both) are specified for the static
solutions only.
If lOPS is set equal to 2, permanent deflection or slope (or both) are specified, both for the
static solutions and the dynamic solutions.
t-'
lJ1
LV
This page replaces an intentionally blank page in the original --- CTR Library Digitization Team
Table 4. Stiffness and Fixed-Load Data Page 8 of 13
Variables: F QF S T R CP
2
Typical Input Units: lb X in lb lb/in lb ioxlb/rad ioxlb
Axial tension or compression values T must be stated at each beam station in the same manner as
any other distributed data; there is no mechanism in the program to automatically distribute
the internal effects of an externally applied axial force.
Data should not be entered in this table (nor held from the preceding problem) which would express
effects at fictitious stations beyond the ends of the real beam-column.
The left end of the beam-column must be located at station O.
For the interpolation and distribution process, there are four variations in the beam station
numbering and referencing for continuation to succeeding cards. These variations are ex-
plained and illustrated on page 11. There are no restrictions on the order of cards in
Tables 4 and 5, except that within a distribution sequence the beam stations must be in
regular order.
Variables: RHO DI DE
2
Typical Input Units: lb x sec 2/.1.n lb X in x sec lb X sec/in
Time dependent axial thrust values "TTl" and "TT2" are the distributed values entered at beam stations
"FROM" and "TO", respectively, of time station "FROM". The values "TT3" are the distributed
values entered at beam stations "FROM" of time stations "TO".
All the values of time dependent axial thrusts at the beam stations within the two limits of "FROM"
and "TO" of the time stations between the two limits of "FROM" and "TO" will be linearly
This page replaces an intentionally blank page in the original --- CTR Library Digitization Team
Page 9 of 13
interpolated by the program. There are no restrictions on the order of cards, except that
beam stations which are entered as ''FROM" and "TO" in the same card must be in ascending
order, or in other words, the same beam station is not allowed to be entered as lIFROM" and
liTO II in the same card.
See page 12 for illustrated examples of interpolation and distribution.
All restrictions stated in Table 6 are also true in this Table, except that same beam station is
allowed to be entered as ''FROM'' and liTO" in the same input card.
See page 13 for illustrated examples of interpolation and distribution.
QMP is a constant which is multiplied by Q-VALUES to obtain the vertical resistance values of the
corresponding points of the resistance-deflection curve.
WMP is a constant which is multiplied by W-VALUES to obtain the horizontal deflection values of
the corresponding points of the resistance-deflection curve.
NPOC is the number of points input on the resistance-deflection curves.
KSYM is the symmetry option of the input resistance-deflection curve.
If KSYM is set equal to 1, then the total number of points on the curve will be twice the value
of NPOC. In this case, the point of origin of the curve should not be specified.
If KSYM is set equal to °(or left blank) or -1, the pOint of origin of the curve must be speci-
fied. In this case, the deflections which are stated as the first pOint and the last pOint
on the curve must be equal but opposite in sign.
If KSYM is set equal to 0, the support is a negative one-way support; that is the beam will lift
off the support when it deflects upward.
If KSYM is set equal to -1, the support is a positive one-way support; that is the beam will lift
off the support when it deflects downward.
There are no restrictions on the order of support curves, except that within any distribution
sequence the beam stations must be in regular order. More than one curve may be placed at a
beam station.
This page replaces an intentionally blank page in the original --- CTR Library Digitization Team
Page 10 of 13
The maximum number of points which may be input on any given curve is 10, although udditiona1
points up to a total of 20 may be created internally if the curve symmetry option is
exercised.
WNTOL is the closure tolerance of deflections for matching up the unadjusted part of the
resistance-deflection curve when the original curve needs to be adjusted.
QNTOL is the closure tolerance of resistances for matching up the unadjusted part of the resistance-
deflection curve when the original curve needs to be adjusted.
For any particular resistance-deflection curve, the final deflections of the points in storage ~P
times W-va1ues) must be increasing positively, while the final resistances (QMP times Q-va1ues)
must be in descending or equaling order. In other words, the resistance-deflection curves must
be continuously concave as viewed from the horizontal axis, except that horizontal lines of
zero stiffness can be input for representing the plastic regions of the curve. Softening of
the support is not permitted; that is, no reversal of slope sign of the segment on the support
curve is permitted.
For both one-way (negative and positive) supports, the input order of the points on the curve is the
same, e.g., the final deflections of the points in storage must be increasing positively; in-
ternally, the program reverses the order of the pOints on the positive one-way support curve
after the necessary information for tracing the loading paths has been retained.
If continuing on next curves, the deflections must be equal for the corresponding points of each
curve in the sequence of continuation. In this case, WNTOL, NPOC, and KSYM also must be equal.
The resistance-deflection curve at every nonlinearly supported beam station within the two limits
of "FROM" and "TO" will be linearly interpolated by the program.
The maximum number of beam stations which can be nonlinearly supported is 100.
Four kinds of plots, deflection or moment along time axis, and deflection or moment along beam axis
may be requested.
If the horizontal axis is TIME, a beam station must be entered from column 26 to column 30.
If the horizontal axis is BEAM, a time station must be entered from column 26 to column 30.
As many as five plots may be superimposed by using the multiple plot switch.
Superimposed plots must all be of the same kind.
There are no restrictions on the order of cards except that beam or time stations must be in
regular order within a sequence of the same kind of plots.
This page replaces an intentionally blank page in the original --- CTR Library Digitization Team
(;ONT'D
FROM TO TO NEXT
STA STA CARD P F Q etc ...
•
IndividuOI- cord InptJt
Case 0.1 Data concentrated at one sta .. I 7 ..2...7 10:NO I I 3.0 I
Case 0.2. Data uniformly distri buted . r 5 ~15 I0 -=1/0 I 2.0 I I ~
I 15 20 ----',---P IO-NO I 4.0 I 1.0 I e
I 10~20 IO=NO I I 2.0 I -t
o
Multi pie - card Sequence J.
I I=Y£S I
Case b. First -of - sequence
~~ 0.0 I 2.0 I
ll=YES I
Case c. Interior-of-sequence ........ .
1I I1&0 5 11 =Y£sl
4.0
2.0
I
I
2.0
0·0
I
I
Case d. End - of - sequence . . . . I I 40 IO=NO I 2.0 I I
STIFFNESS F
--I 4-
I
I 3
I
- 2
/
- 1 /
/ "
Sto: 5 10 15 20 25
LOAD a - 3 -
- - 2 -
,,--
Sic: 5
frTll
10 15 20
1 -
25 30 35 40
This page replaces an intentionally blank page in the original --- CTR Library Digitization Team
Page 12 of 13
TABLE 6. TI~!E DEPENDENT AXIAL THRUST (CONTINUED)
The variable TT(J,K) is input at any bar-number and time station by specifying the value of axial thrust
distributed at beam station "FROM" and time station "FROM" in the columns of inputting TTl, the value of
axial thrust distributed at beam station "TO" and time station "FROM" in the columns of inputting T12 ,
and the value of axial thrust distributed at beam station "FROM" and time station "TO" in the columns of
inputting TT3 .
12 ----
TT 1r ----
10 ----
TTI=4
The variable QT(J,K) is input at any beam station and time station by specifying the value of lateral
load distributed at beam station "FROM" and time station "FROM" in the columns of inputting QTl , the
value of lateral load distributed at beam station "TO" and time station "FROM" in the columns of inputting
QT2 , and the value of lateral load distributed at beam station "FROM" and time station "TO" in the columns
of inputting QT3 .
+-'
8
15
12
20
9
6
9
7
3.0E+00 1.OE+00
2.0E+00 -2.0E+00
3.0E+00
1.OE+00 e
•
\..
~O QTI
C:j
4'l.
II ---- ~,~
OT
OTI=4
This page replaces an intentionally blank page in the original --- CTR Library Digitization Team
APPENDIX E
IF L ~ ( ) swITCH f,-,'p..( FIQC;T II~LOAL11NG Cllc:t: ;j 1 JU 1 K Cl a Sf SwITCf-I TLJ INOTCIITF" THAT OEj:L[l"ry"".:: ,:;lE :1J'v'1
It, : 3' } BEAM C;TA ~I-ICH IS C:PECIF"IE') r;("~ r.1::'';':1 A~£- (11 ~llJ 1 NOT CLOSED!IF". 0) J7Jl'i
KC~T( l COUNTER FO~ CLO!UQ.N~E 0F ~EFlECT!ONS 07JUI
"'E~l I~ TA.RLF" 1 07 Jll I
I'<.EEP2 THRoJ ,[E"9 IF~lt KE£P PI:::JIOQ n6TA, TARLES 2 _ ~ 07JUl
1I'''l4 ( ), T~ 1 ~ ~ INITIAL £XTEpNAL I=IFA~ STA(T481 ~c: .. A"r 5' 1'l1Ju1
01 J(!! KEYr 1 QOUTprG SWITCH F"OQ InE'~TIFYI"'~ C4SE.: ~II~ <")£:,01Jul
1 f\ 1 B ( ). I N,.;E { I~ITrAL ANC FIN4L FXrfQ~'AL ST6 I~A~Lf ~)
II ;4 ( i. r, ,~~ ( ) FI~AL FlTE~N6L ~EA"" ~TA(TA4lF~ ~ 6\~ ~\ 07 Jll) SPECIFIEr (ONnITIONS 0F nlsplACE.E'T~07JLJI
[f'. 5- A V TE~P~~AR'I' \lAII}!=: Or I"i13f ) ('I1JLll
I'<.E:YP( 1 S~ITC" Tu INOICATF THAT Pl0T ,XI< IS ?7JU]
lOrN r I\ll~ I"':F ~~L.INLI~fAI:::J ~lIPPO~TS. '''~E~E ,u..,P,-,TfO n1J U l
TIM[IIF=1I OR BfAMIIF=2l ?7JIJ]
I'<.E'I'PTt I. KYS T ( I TFMP~~ARY \lALUf OF KEYP{ ) S KYS( ) Fn~ 07JLl
I)EI=L. A~E r')C;CTLl6TI',r, !ol.tT\oIEE".. ""J:;r('~ 07 Jl'l
A"'O ACJI STFC ~-\Jj C"~\I~'·, ,,"I"'I~' LI\.:..,"'I6('1_ 01 Jt,' I PlOT CF MO_ENT ALONG THE BE •• A'IS 07JUI
P,G C~C:;: """"D~ 07 Jl' I K< COUNTFR FD~ THREE CONSEcUTIVE TI.E STA 07J"1
I {lJ:: ( , "'(IUTp.iG :::'''ITCH :-OQ INITTAlLY A"-i "'t,.";"6- o1Jl' 1 I( ~~ x C()LINTER FOR NUM oF- STAC; EXCEE~PJ~ /"lAX G1JUl
Nf~TL'I' C:P~cl~TFn cn~OITl~~S 07JlJI ALLU.ABlE nE~lErT!nN 07JUI
<~CNTI vALU. OF KCNT( I (nRST rTE4AT10Nl C7J;;[ C M" OF CAkeS INPUY IN TABLES ? T.. ~~ 4 <OP 01Jl!j
c ""1 I ) INITIAL INTEpNAL ilME 51A,TA!lES b A~D 7, 07J"1 C TMIS PRc8LFu a7JUI
c 1(1\'2 \ ) FINAl INTERNAL TI~F. STAITA:lLE~ 6 "0 7' 07J'l C ~(TZ ThRU 'C17'~lT, TOTAL N0~ OF CARD5 I~ TME PAQTICllLAR TABLr07JU!
c <OFFC ( SwiTCH TO INDICATF TMAT DULfCTloNS EtCEEon7JUl C ~C"',:; T~TAL .UM OF cURVES IN TABLE' 07JUj
C LIMITS 0' SUPPORT CURvES OTJul C ~Cl' ThOU "C19 INITIAL I~CEx VALUF FOR THE INPUT To TME 07JUI
c KPC ROUTING CO~NTER FnQ (ouPLETE PRI~T-O~T 07JUI ( PARTICULAR TARLE
~U" OF C~RCS INPUT RFPEATEOLY IN TABLE 9
07JUI
07JUl
c OF ~ESUL TS 07 JU 1 (
r CO~PLETE PPINTOUT OF TMf RESLLTS OF EVERy 07JUI C INCE' USED I. TME ITEIlATIoN CO LOOR 07JUI
C STA AT EVERY KPI TIME ST. 07JUI C ITERATION ~U.PER AT WHICH THE LO.a ITERA- Q7JUI
C f'i"SI. INIERNAL TI"E STA I'F ~PI I <PI'4 I OTJUI C TIO~ .ETHO~ ~TAIlTS 07JUI
C <0 I I INITIAL EXTERNAL TI"r STA IjSEn I'! TA~LE 7 07JUI HTT SAVEr VALeE OF NIT FnR THE FIRST CYCLE OF 07JUI
C jt;Ql{ FINAL ExTER'IAL Tly' <TA ,'c<n I" YA~lE 1 07JlI ITE~ATI"N~ 07JUI
C <~ 1 !'!'IOR VALUE OF "R?4 I )0 KR25 I " K';ZA I) Q7JUI c NU. C' SUPPORTING STAS W"ICH .AV, NO~_ 07JUI
C KRH I I. ~R25 I ), CONTINUE SWITCH Fn~ rNPliT COUI~III~G ON Q7JUI C LINeAR RESIST'NCE-DEFLECTION CURVES 07JUI
C KlllB I ) NEXT CAIlD I TA8LES ~. 5. AND 8 I 07JUI ROUTING SWITCH WHiCH TELLS TMF PRO~RA~ 00 07JUI
C '5 ( I SAVEO VALUE pF .SAVI ) Fell EAtH pLOT FRAMF07JUI C O~E ~~~E CYCLE OF LOA~ ITERATIONS 07JUI
C KS.V TEMPORARY VALUE OF KASE I I 07JUI C W~EN THE SOLUTION DOES NOT cLOSE 07JUl
C ,SAlIl A~RAY CONTAINiNG f..TfR~AL aEA~ OR TIME STA07JvI C I.OE. FOH COUNTING THE NU~ O' SLoPES OF 07JUI
C FOA THE TITLfS OF PLOTS 07JUI C NONLI~EAR CV Q7JUI
C KSil4 ( j, KSW5 ( ). ROUTING SWITCH IN TARLE~ " 5 .N~ 07Jvl C NU~ ~F SLOPE_ ON THE NONLINEAR RESISTANCE_07JUI
c "s.~ I ) Q7JUI C DEFLECTION CY AT A PARTICULAR ST. J 07JU!
C ,SYlH ) SYMMETRY OPTION U~FD I~ TA~Lf 07 JUI C INOEX 1'0" TOTAL "Uu of pLOTS 07JUI
C KSYMJ!J) SPECIFIED VALUE O~ KSYM( I AI EACH ST. J Q7JlIi C INDEx 1'0" ~u .. 0" "LOTS nF HENnINt; MO"E"TS 07JUI
t KTl ( ) INITIAL EXTE~N'l Tr"F STA IISEe IN 'A8U 6 07JUI C 'LO~G T"E REAM AXIs Q7JUI
C KT"I ) FINAL ExTERNAL TluE STA USED IN ,ASlE 6 07JIJI C RouTING COUNTFR FoR THE NUH Of pnI~Ts ON 07JUj
( ~Y5 ( I S.ITCH TO INOIC_TE THAT VE_' PLOI AAIS I~ 07JUI ( THE NCNLINEAR RESISTANCE-OEFLECTION 07JUI
DEFlECTION.IF"I) OR M""FNTI,F"Z' 07Jl'1 C CV .~TCH IS t~CREA~ING ITS ~PECIFIEO Q7JUI
LOF OPTIONAL LINE OR POINT PLOT S,ITcH .Hf~ 07J"1 C VALuE OF DEFLECTION FRO" NEr. TO ZERO 07JUI
USING MIcRoriLM OR RALL-POINT PLOTS Q7JUI C OR FIlCM NEG TO POSITIVE 07JUI
L5~ SWITCH W~ICH CAUSFS THE AXIAL LOADS TO BE 07JUI TEMP VALUE OF ,",UM OF POINTS ON suP CV 07JUI
DISTRI"uTEn TO HALF-STAS 07 )UI T"TAl 'UN OF POI~T~ ACTUALLY ON TME NQ~- 07JUI
LSlA INUE. FOR EXTfR~AL BFA- STA Q7JUI LINEAR RESISTANcE-oEFLECTIO~ CV AT A 07JUl
~ 'IJM OF BEAY rNCREwEN'~ 07JUI c OAHTICULAR ST> J 07JUI
,..rltI NUM OF PUINTS fOR EACH PLOT FRAME 07JLJj C ~PCC I ~U" OF PUI~T~ I~PUT I~ TABLE ~ Tn DEFINE A07JUI
c h',tIT 'liM OF JTERATTO~S ~PFCIFlEI) IMAI • S'l 07JUI C PIPIICULAR .nNLINEAR RESISTAN(E- 07JUI
C _r ~UM OF CHA_ACTERS !N PLoT TITLES ,,7JUI ( 'EF~E(TInN CIIRVE 01JUI
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.--------~------~D.I
[READ & PRINT Problem I.
Terminate if Prob.
No. 1.S blank
I
IREAD & PRINT Tables 1 thru 81
I
Distribute and generate all the
nonlinear curves of the sup sta I
I
Retain slopes, Qdrops, Wdrops ofl
the segments on each sup curve
I
IREAD & PRINT Table 9~
I
I~nterpolate & distribut~1 CALL S UBROUTINE
data from Tables 4 and 5 INTERP3
"k
I
(--- DO requested number of time sta
I
I Compute time variant axial thrusts
I and la tera 1 loads for the present
time s ta k and time sta k-2
''':/: See d eta i led
flat.;r chart on
I I I
- DO for each nonlinear sup )
I I I
I I (
First cyclel
1
Second cyc le 1
+ + I
I
I I
Inter pola te to Sup. curve adjust- No
find resistance ment necessary'?
I stiffness & load
I I from sup curve rYeS
Find resistance I
I I stiffness & load
I I from new curve
)
I I I
I I ----·1 CONTINUE)
I I I
176
I I Go back for
I I I
f
the second
cycle of
I II compute matrix coefficients, recur-
sion or continuity coefficients,
iterations
I t
number of sta exceed maximum
allowable deflection
I I
I I Set up monitor data for this iteration
I I
I l- - - - - -
I
I
I Compute slopes, moments, shears, and
sup reactions for the revious time sta
]
I
I Retain deflections and moments for plot~
I
I PRINT iterational monitor deflec
tions and computed results
I
l- - - - - - - - - -
I
Initialize
KPC == 0
KK == 0
NPBT 0
I
Clear storage for variables:
IFUS ( ) , QI( ) , SS ( ';, ,
SSKMl ( \} , QIN1( ) , & QLH2 ( )
I
,.------- DO 7000 K == 1 , MTP4 )
f
I I
Initialize &
I clear storages
I MOel == 0
ITeS 0
I ITCSR == 0
lOCNT 0
;::
I KK=KK+ 1 I
I I
ICompu te . dynamic
axia 1 :hrus tsl
I & dynamlc lateral loads for
I !ti.me Sta. K & time Sta. K-2
I __
_ _ _ _69_1_0 DO 6000 NIT ==
1 ,MAXIT
I r ~----~~--~
~\
QT(J,I) dynamic
load at time Sta K
S(J) linear spring
YES
t INIT) (linear
case)
constant
NCV8 == num of curves
I Ii NP1S
I I I
J ISTA(NN)
NOS NOSJ(NN)
I I IP® NPCT == NPTTS(NN)
I I
I I I 6504
178
I I I
I I I 0910
I I I IOSW \ J) Switch
I I I YES for load
~II
iteration
Initialize
I (NIT~ for the firs t
II ~
load iteration
W(J,KK) = W(J,KK-l)
ttt
I 1\
I I I
I I \
I I I YES
I I I \First
l I I cycle)
I I I 1,.JPT (NN, 1)
I I I deflection value
of the firs t pt.
I I I IS
ABS (W (J ,KK)) "
on the sup curve
I I I ABS (W (J , KK - 1 ) )
I I I
I I I
I I I
I I I
I I I YES
I I I
I I I
I I I
I I I 6086
I I I 669 6504
179
I 6910
I
Yes
I
?
I
I Yes
~
I I
CDI No
I I I
I t
: FI
I I
I t
~I
I No
I
I
I I
Yes
I I
I I
Determine the location
of the greatest slope
I (WPT (NN, NP)
I
I
I Yes
I
I
I one-way
support)
I
I No
I
I I
Yes
I I I
6086
I I I 6 6504
180
I
6910
I I
Yes
I I
I I
t I
II Yes
b0l I
605
IUS(J) IUS(J) + 1 I US (J) = Swit c h
to indicate
tha t the sup cv
I + I
FI
is revised
Determine the resistant
support stiffness at
previous time station
I
~ IS the previous
resistant stiff- Yes
~
ness within
elastic range?
No
60 6
04
181
I I
I I I
Interpolate to find re-
I I sistant stiffness and
load value from sup cv
I I
I I 6086
I IS
~
NO YES
r--...... IOSW (J) == 1
I ?
I I I Use spring-load
(tangent modulus)
use load it-I
Ieration Md
t t t iteration Md.
I I I
FII
I\
'--- - - - 6056
-'1 CONTINUE )
~
6504IS
INIT)
YES ITCS?== 0
I
I NO
I Set
YES
I ITCS == 0
ITCSR == 1
I
I 6505
I compute matrix coeffi- I
I I cients at each beam sta
I
b50S 6910
I
I Compute deflection
at each beam sta
I
I YES
I I '2
(Linear
case)
~I
NO
Count number of stations
exceeding max allowable
I I deflection and number of
stations not closed
i INIT)
I YES
i
YES
YES
6000
6175
183
I
6505 6910
I
I YES
I I
I I
~I NO
I I
I I NIT)
IOeNT
YES
I I
I I
t t
YES
IOeNT
IOeNT + 1
YES
YES
I I 6910
Do one more cycle
I I YES of load iterations
I
I for double check.
I
I INIT) PRINT iterational
I I monitor deflections
I I YES
f t
I Il
------ - - - - -- - -6000
--
I
I
F
I
YES Set
IOSW (J)
=1
I Set switches for printing
I
6175
I
YES
I
I
I Compute slopes & shears oj
the bars and moments & sup
I reactions at the joints for
the previous time station
I
I Retain monitor deflections
I or moments for plots
I
PRINT monitor deflections
I during the iteration process
I
185
I
I NO
~ PRINT ERROR
message of
not closed
I YES
and STOP
t
I Reset
I W(J,I) H(J,KK-I)
I W(J,2)
KK == 2
h'(J,KK)
I
I
l 7000
'------------- -
Plot deflections
or moments along
either time or
beam axis for
I the reques ted
Imonitor stations
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PAT..,T ~l;)t TTl(",~, IT2{N}, KT1(NI, ,\l2(1\) , TTlH,j), TTZt"', r,"::(I\, C"EC IP]O If ( ,evA - >0 1 1'3~. 183'. 1833 2"~~ 0
1'" 7 fl: (( r. T 1 ",-\'~ 05~tO IAj] ."INT 900 24rEo
C-----TI'.PI-l r'~'_£ '1 05<,,0 Gn TO qQ,q 24DEO
O'Sfe l~~S IF ( ~,l~~ , Q~PO. lAl7, lA.O 20DE 0
1700 rr:!Tr-..T 1(-\)
IF , 'rEP7 ) QQBO. 1701' 1710 05SEO 18'7 P~I" 903 240£0
O'<EO GO '0 I A13 15<£1
1101 'C17 = 1 20DEo
Nell C" !'>-CC7 O~<Eo 1840 t(°1 • 0
GC rr. Inc. 05<EO IF I ~r.p - ~C18 I 1873. 18 0 5. I~45 20Dcr
O:Sfo ~n JRln "'- = I",:cte. hr~~ 2_0EO
1710 P~T~T 905
n ( NC T7 - I
, I 176, 1711. 171 I O~5EO DE.or Ph f"'?PI"'-I. KR;U:I/"'l, QMP(Nl. W;"PtNl. NPOCOo.
p'}!,:?O,i1 200EO
~o 1725 • • I • • CT7 C'SEO 1 IlS'Y;" (~). wN1Cl ('d. t.iNT('J:L (N) 2 4 0£0
1711 2.rlEO
p~r~T ~lf'1t rrnu-). 1('!2fN), K~ll1'd. f'02Hdt QTl{N). QT211\), CT~(~) O~SEo t:P(T :I ",P("IC("'-)
CChTINtJf 0.5Eo QFlI R2, ( c-Pt-",~PI' ",-p = " . . ,pc T )
F
. 20llEO
1725 Pt40 fl2~ ( W'~ f~,,~,P)' ~P • 1~ NPCl I 24DEO
1126 CCt\.TT',lIf 05SEo
OSSEO KSw2 I",,} • 1 • KRlfHN} • ? • KRl 2_0EO
P};INT Q10 2_0EO
1 O~SE 0 KRl • 1'i~2p(",-)
f\I(,~1 t>(Y1 •
C T 7 :::: • r T1 • r-.c 0.., OS'iEO tF : y'S\>\P (f\l .. 2 ) lA5f.,. 1.'155, l~&O 2. e!:o
O~SfO l~!O PRP;T 8\1, P'lq(~·), l"'-?RlN. t I<'P2tl(~). Q~Ptl'll" w~PH.,j), ~~OC(I\,j). 20DEO
1730 IF ( _C.7 - IQ~ ) 17,5, 17'"' 1 7 33
05SEO I KS'~"lo ""TOl(~', 0.,101..("1) 240EO
1711 PO I NT 90' 240£0
05SEO GO Tr 1~11
GO TO qQ99 1~5S PR1",T f:ll? tft,.19(",. t<P28iNl. Qt.'P(N), lifMP(h). ~POCH.j), f(~Y~(""l, 240£0
17]5 IF ( ~cr7 ) ,g~O. 1737, 1740 OSSEo
OSSEO 1 TGL {N), Q".. TfiL (1",:)
Yi'" I~HI
17j7 PRINT 24DEO
GO 1'0' 05,[0 GC TO IP7l
C!lSEO 11'1;":0 P~!"'T 813, tl.2PO'-) f K~7eUi), Q,.'1:HN}, lif~PP")' f\POCtr'Jl, j(~YIii'(Nl. 241l£0
1740 IF ~rT7 - ~Cll ) lAOO. 11'~' 1145
OSSEo 1 lI/",-TOLtN}t GNTflL("-) I~Fn
1745 no 177~ , : NCll, NcT7
;:;>FAf) fSl~ 1(,)1P'). lQ21f1.1. KQ1(N~. KCC(f\j), (.;TIU"), I..:T2("")1 QT3;rd O~SEO 1871 ~,P('TE"P('lC(", 2_r,E 0
PRINT 61th rr.1P,}" IG2{N), Krnrl'lt •• I<Q?(.'''t OTIC"'}, QT2(N). W~3\t<.) OSSEO P~INT fil"" r: QP(."t\Pl. IIJP ~ 1, Nf.'CT 24DEO
( ~P (II; ,,,Pl, ~jp = 1. NrCT
1770 rO'TI~~ 05SEO p~II",:T AI~,
!~~!~
c-----
IPOO PQINT
TNP{'T T ·'RlE P
~~~
OSSlO
200EO
1I:l10
1873
r.;u" dNUf-
IF' NCV • • E~. 0 ) GO TO IQOU
'''H)t;.U
ISHI
IF I KEEP' 1 9Q80. 1"01' 1"10 2.of 0 C... ----rn51~If'1.ITF ~L:P_Pf"lCT CL''::VE(;; 20DEO
2.rEO (('\ 1 s;q~ c 1. !\CV8 200"0
1"~1 ~C'P = 1
24nEO
f',
NP(T II "pr;C(t-.i cOCEO
~.(V9 ::: f\CT8 I
r.o TO 1 p?" 2.Dfo DO lARO f\P s 1. t\PCT 24DEO
QPV("' ..... ~) • CP("'JtNP) • l";",,PO~t ZO~EO r~ ( 15T.A (~-,..;rl ,hE. ,J ) Gn TG fl082 26JUI
WOVt~a~'~t = .P(~:."'D) 0 ~MPINI <.n~o !5\r. L.ti = I"l I<'E\
1860 C0~T'~0E Z'~EO IS"I
TF I "PO - 1 I le~5. IPo~. 1895 20DEO IS'El
I BPS PQ TId qq~l 2.nEO l5'Ej
GO ,~ 9999 2"flF. 0 f 10,,:( :: ,.." C + 1 ISHl
c-----c~EeK POI~'s 'r~ PoOFER 0R~.p 240Eo IF ! ~SV~(~I' .~~. K~'M(N)
) GO TO lee! 15'U
1891:, r(' p:1Qfl 1\P 7. f\PCT ZOOl':o 1F "PCTSf',)l .',E. ,PCTS"! I GO TO IP85 15'fl
If ( ~P~c~.~~1 aLE. ~P\"~t~P-l) GO Tn IBe! IHEl 1~ ( J .Fr.. "1 ,(\R. J .E~ • .;END ) lSlLltJ) c I~FEI
IF l QPV{l'\.'Pl .('T. "';;\i(~ •• ~,p-n I GC H" iOA~ l~'El !f I Jl - A:' ('J ~ E:P). fI~2. 6fl 15'EI
lAO" Cf'rTlf\Uf 2411£0 PR;~-T qQQ) I~'EI
GO Tn 1"9\ 240EO r.r, Tn Q-:,qQ 15FE I
1~90 I f ' ,sye(NI .'E. I ) r,n TO lABS zom,o I S ... Co') • () I~FEI
1891 IF I KS'~(~I .'F.. 1 ) (,0 TO IB92 2aOft} ~-Pr-T
t r :: 1" "pc T
:= ... (oJ("c:(~11 I"FFI
C-----APPl y S'"'"FTOY OPTIO" TO en~~TQUcr UT~E~ MAL' C" SUPPO"! CuRVE 2<"f.0 ('C f.!" 1'l3 1"'[1
NP1 • NPOCt~) + 1 Z40ro !F' 1 "'P\'n,l.~'p) ."'~' tl,PVOouNF') } GO TO 1885 15FEI
~P' • NPOCI'I • 2 200EO "PT (f~"'C.NP) • WPV(Nl,NP) 15fEI
00 1 ~Q:3 t P lit f\ Pl. NP2 ,<('EO 0.PT ["NC~NPl • OP\l(Nlf~p} • p~RT· ( QPVtN.NP} - OPvl'l,~P'15'EI
t\f\ ~ "'JP ... ~FCT '4rEO I Is.f I
QP~(~fNP) • CPVCN1~~) 24!lEO c T : r,1 'It"
~'.", I~HI
~PVI"'1NP) : ~P~I"',,~N' r4nFO n ( ~""! "-i} ,I'E. WNTOL("") 1 GO TO Ifl8S 21A c I
l~q3 !N~f •• r>Eo .... r..Tl"i.;'.?-.r:} 1: w~:TnL[""'l) <l~cI
1~94 ",r. l' ~PCT cI.GF:O ':t,·"'tL.;h • l..~.T(\llNl} • PAQT • , Q~TOL IN! - QNT~L 'd I ) I~Fn
~~ % ~p, • 1 - ~p 24nfO NPTT~U"C c ""FC;~(~l) ISHI
PP\'l~tt!P) llI: .f'!PVCNfNNl 240EO I S l' ~ i ~ fir) • ,; 15'(1
_P\I (t .• r"oJ • • \lfPV(t·.N~l Z4DEO KS¥~~I~~C} • ~S¥M{~l) ISfE I
IB90 C0'T1N~F Z41'F 0 [F ( A~C;{\Io:PT~~r.C.l}) ./\iF • .AF:St",Of(Np..C.t.JPCT,) ) GO TO IPS,! ISFEI
NPCr~O,,\ :If ",P? Z4nEo ('C,,-T1MJf IS.EI
1';0 Tn }P7t5 24nEO TF ~Q'P{~' .~E. 1 I ~n Tr 0070 ZPOEn
IRQ2 ~JPC'5('jt , ~pnC'N' 2<f'EO p jC 'r J = If'\2RtNI 2PD'0
2<OEO hI :;. t~ 2FOEo
.,
1&15 c~~t[~U~
C- ____ ~Ff\EPAT~ ~LL T~F SLPPC~f'~G ~T~ hONlJ~EA~ CURVf~ 15FEl If ,.1-1 ~ It! ~ t- 1 'POFO
, 'f 0 15Fli ¥~ 1 ~ n <PDFO
: 0 ?~OfO GO Tr; ':l(l~': ZPOEO
1<"'1
DC 1'65 <FDEO K,01 1 ZPDfo
IF i KOI ft;T",
= I. , eve
, ) (:(1 Te ~!""t. ZPf'fO CO~Tt"I;~
c
ZPDF.O
2r~Ec iF ( PC _t, ~ lce J '-L tP]4 lC:fF:1
..
,,) 'f()
"=
6066
If i KP?F II\IJ
JI IN181NII
fFO. I I
..•• (,0 T~ b070 2pr" 0
<PDf 0
2PDfn
Pj;;I~i
GO TO 9qG9
90.
.
IN?SI"I
J?
Or"C"
JE',C
JZ
J2
~
- ~l 2pr>E 0
,pOEO
IP74 D0 1876
NP('T
"
•
1.
~PiTS\I\'l
"r 1~"1
IS" I
!!'.EI
If
IF ~~<4
OE"r". • r.T • 0 I «0 TO M"7
.Cf. JI , G~ 70 f;06e
<PCEO
21<OEO 1877
If
TF
IF (
[ NPrf -
( KSVlJ,.IP''o!'
~sy~~cr.) .~r.
;> }
.N~ ..
leAS. lPc11,
1 i
1 ) on TO 1979
lP7P
Gr"') TC lflf:\S ll:,rr:l
15'El
G0 Tn 6075 Z80EO 1 A78
6067 IF I MP4 .1 E. JI GO Te, tlO7~ ZPOEo ~,::;c;; • t~pCT I ? l~'EI
IF I MD. .GE. Je an To ~O6~ 2POfO CO IH97 "P. 1. ~OS I~'EI
JEf\D = .0, ZOOEo NN :
Ql'c;;rp
l\(jr::-
,"JP)
... ",-,P •
QPf(~.NNl
l~FEJ
GO 1 n 6t'16Q ZPOEO (~. QPT(N'NN+l) - 15'E!
"(,POP (".NP, WPT(N,NN+l} - ~ wPT(N.N~) lSFEl
Dru::", = 1.0 2pOfO
00 6080 J : JI.
IF ':1 .fO. 1 I
~(Nn
"r Tf> C,)."
ISHI
I~ffl ,. (
SLrPfIN.NPI • Qr>Hr,P{N.NPI
",0 .EO. I ) ('n TO lA97
Q[lAOP(N.NP}
WDROPlN"PI
a~QOP(N.,PI • 2.0
IOFEI
10. r.1
IOFEI
IF ~~q .. to. 0' l GO TO «,("1 2 .. ,.1IJt
IF I ~":>S I>,-?I .fO. 0 ) en 2tJJ\!} wi,Q(,,:P ! "" , . . IP J = ~pPnp(N.NP! • 7..0 10FI'I
(n~T!"J, 1 ~F ~ i 3~rEC
IM7
",n <.: ... fl'>.} = ~('5 I'on lr ( ~CTG - ~ ) l-;;::6, 1911t 1911 3cnEO
GC" Til 1 PPI'- £lA P I IQl\ :: c, 1 v?~ " = 1. F\ (T q 30DEO
~'p(I .• T ~ 0 IrFFI pp'",r QOfl, li:,O_YS(NI r YAXTSI~) t I'fSWIN) t I~FEI
,")Pr-1 I :t! t'~CT - 1 I~~tl r:cr-.TINUF 3n~EO
to lQqp F\D::: I, ~PCTl Iurl (f't ... ~: t:F 3nDEO
JF i t.FI«Io-PT!r---.t:'l~'.l) ... WPT{Ntl'-,P) 1 nf'!. 1 Ct. '1'- T 41 3nDEO
.o.14~(,,,PT p'".,,'P)) 1 ) GO T(I 1898 ISH I I\-c;q !'-CT9' I 3rDEO
I\;PIF~'(' :::I ,,-p 10,[1 ~CTq I'-CTQ· I\;r:09 30DEO
NDrl'\ T =- NPCt' • 1 10,EI 193n I~ [ ~(TG - 10 ) 'Q3~t 191 c • ]933 05JAI
r:r,t, T T\IJ~ ll'r'fl lQ~l OwII'-T 91)Q. 20DEO
If (~)pr,\T .~f.;; 1 (,0 T('I1Ailr. lcr::r:l G(" Tn 9~;":; 30~EO
~~C< ::: '.plF"~f' 1 OF'; 1 1<t11S IF"! r erg ) ~9POt 19'37, 1940 30nEo
IS-U 19'7 P~I'T 903 30~EO
\0<:,1 f r c:: 1 ft
00 lARl ~~. = If ~nS~1 2IAP! (All l"TEPP; ""'P7, ~CT5, Pd'" K~25. ~E~'. nEt L~~. K~~5 t lonco
IF' t SL""PF'P".Nf\) .LE. 1.I)F"'Ob ) G'-' TC P~87 ZlADl L~'" • 1 05S£0
CAll l/'.,Tf:PP, ,,",~7. "CT4_ TN} •• 1;','24.1'(;;(2'" n.,.. r. lor.:; .... K~W4 ) InneD
IF ( SLr.PF'(N.N~,d .(,;T. C;LOCF" (""tNN+l) ) GO Tn l8Al 21AD1
..1..1 = f(;TA(N) ~. 4 (lAP}
r- ____ <;Tt~JT I:<FAM""Ci I , ..... ~ tit'l LTlr.r. fOP FACH T[Mf S":ATlnN O~SEO
pp i ~ T 11 O~SE 0
PQ1~T <;;Q.QP. j.J 21A P l
POINT I O~SEO
GO TO qqQ9 cIO"1
p.pr"T 1:' ( llol\.' (r-.l. " • l' 32 ) 0'5Eo
1""7 rOhTl'JF CIOPI Pt::r;.' 1"'. ~.ot,;r:-" { ap.,t:fl',.l, ~ = I' 1 .. 1 055"0
C-----PFIIF:R5£:. THE ,"'Qflf.C (F P(",:hT$ r~ PLS1Tn,E 0/'.,E,- .. 4Y 5uPP"H;joT~ 2"',.1' 1
PP!LT H?"I 055£0
If ( KS "r't'",;(,\j, .N£ .. -1 r,(") TG 1811:0 C:I-..;'Il
00 }PAP ~p." f\PCT 21-JiJl Kpr: = fl 055£0
l\;DP ,. NOeT - ",p • 1 2"j!Jl I<~ • ;') 05sEO
~~PRT .. r: I~Ftl
QP\lT (~."J't:) ~ .. ~oT i"'''~) 21-..1 1 '1
,,·pVT!,~.. "PS:t - WOT(~J."'~l
::: 2Ajul C---·-I~iTIJLrll~~ 05SEO
(O/'.,T p l';:' 2"JLJl rc ,Q91 I . 1, yP7 3cnEo
r0 lRRq ~o = 1. ~~CT ~~JlJl I'l'< (j :
nl (I) = 0.0
Q I~FEl
2SJAI
(JPT i\""t,C:1 a C~~T (0, ...... 0) 2",Jll1
WPT (" ,>,0) :a ",f; IT {"',"JPt "'Jell ~S I ! I • 0.0 ISFtI
C hJ' ,I} c:.<;1"J.<1 q, • 0,0 2!A"1
1~89
187b
(O~Tl'UF
CONTINI!F
C--~--T~PUT TftALE 9
IS'FI
3nut.Q
'j I"" 1 III
I,I"'( d
cO, 0
j ;; \.i.(: '"
..
"21A"1 ,..",
"," .t
• a
G! JA 1
2~J.Gl
Of-AD)
.. "- If
]F
,
, .
Kj .. LT.
.,:(: ,.
j
.'
. ' I;
.('r'.
.. r'" •
·1
y
• C-T •
1 ","'0.
~"'I?
n~?
) (·0 TO 70 7
'0 146
OloA01
1 10 ';':'1
1~..JAl
KCloSEI?) C C~AOI ,,0 T' 74" I ~ " A1
I<PC = !(oC 1 ;J7C;rO PS f "'« 5 lL4J
KK e: Kjr( ... 1 OS~EO if \ .' .. LT .... T1 .. ~P • .J .r.T .... T2 D;<;cO
<M) < - } O'~EO 1 "'( W'l'" 1<".1 1
"t-!,'
10(,....
r: tr - 2
.3
IIlHl rr t "q" .... ~ 1 ) 7,,0, 741. 1'+2
Oc:.C:FC PP:I\ T G 1 !
1<1;1,. :: )i( _ 4 Ot;c:t:: f'I [':, ... ;'
'';'';'' GC:~~ c
r-----I'ITIAllll'G 3t",:i1'=" 0 7,1 Tnt:'· r .... ~ I .. oe<€Q
r0 h9QA 1. ~~7 300,[0 I't:: T ~ 1,0 I~JAI
IF ( ¥ ,CT, 7 ) ~C Tn ~QQ~ 0'" .a CI1 O~qO
~dTtKK\ = ('.f 3('\rr: I"t T(;I"~" = I<~:;; .. )(1"1
.... In:::: 0,1') 2enFI' ;.'1>- C l 'l: J .. __ TI
WWw (r I ; {l. ! 3_ A I Pj"'-C == PI' CT .. ",.e. CSSF::O
6q96 Ir ( K .If. , ) GC Tn ~Qq~ Ol-API RDPJ'" z ~T;' .. JTl • I O~C:;EIj
Wq,iqq :s: -'1,1<.1("')) O~AP I TT(,,;.)(T\ TTi.J,~.Tl. i IT)ffl.,lC) •( TT?I"'r) ... ITl[l\.tJ I llo.;Al
y'W i 1) ~ ,,( 1, J< I() O~'P} • p,P,C I Arfl\Olol .. ( TT3l,1\(> .. TTl ff'..!') 1 • Tl'\(lt-JAI
f,Qg5 SSKp.i?(T} = C:SI(~' (f) 2po J I TCH'Jr:~ i • fST 11-JA1
<;~"q."l rp = '551]) I~Fq 7'11 C('1\1 ~~.'J~ 055[0
01"2<11 = O}~J!l) 2 J API C- ... - ...... ('6~tl,1 r,TF TT""C \'-~k'4~_ i L~TfP~' Lt..'H.:-ll'.~ f.Of.: F..ACH STI!! AT I;.-.qc !IJ04t: STAC:;[O
Q r"'1 iT 1 ~ (; T ( r) 210"1 (-.---: A~r f<-' r{wF ~~A O~~EO
"OSw(II -= 0 13JA} 71 , IF ( 1 • , " C T 1 ) ~I"'> TO 710 !n~Co
f\,tU"('C \ ! 1 t: 0 I~J'I r;c: 11/1 I'.,t'" ill' 1. 1'.,(T1 O!:C;'O
fiJi:. ( T1 ~ n 2"JA I l'f!' 1 It.f i • 3 100)eO
TF { It .E~, 1 ) r.c T0 /,'QCU' 21L.P! 1\"'::(- I'\.C) .. ) I ~~cn
"<:11) :I:: (11~) (Tl - GeTl - OTf1'1) 210"1 , l' ~ }f" 1 iNC I .. 4 O-StO
!'9"P U,t 'I Tt 1'1' JpOFO 1~? ;.t i .. 4 OBEO
~~ ( 1 "4 ... f< l 7('('12. 11'1111. l003 }~fEI !P I ~~~ .~F .. w~l , ~o T~ ~4~ O~.·!
100? ~"l~"T SH~O Q~~fO fr, 911 O~ooJ
....
D:': 1
O!:~fO Gr Tf" 9Qt;G O"lI. P t
7003 ;~ ~ "< ,1"'. ,'TP.. Gil TI'': ~,;::: I ofE 1 ,r I .IT? .. 6F, w'" I r.O T r .47 OHDI
r.:c ,. '-I(JQ )< '1' ,. r O'JAj P~p.T 411 O~O·l
C071'1()) J'l:1~"';"1 } o~C 0 (.0 Ti"' qq(j<; C~ AC 1
fTf""I'\T\ -: ~.o loocr 047 If i i(} .i T. ,,~) ""2 ) GO TO 112 O"ACt
(iT t .... ' I<; 1, = C. ~ j "f'; C : f I I( 1 .. F f~. /1'1 I ,",i' ) 6<' TO 158 II-.q
1'nnl COI\;Tl"'tlt O~Sf 0 I=:ST :. l.~' l~~'l
t----"'Cc.L('lilATE rtlVF V,"Ik"tAtl..l A'tlAL T~QL:ST F0~ EACH E!A~ AT H·I~ TIM,. SlA OSSE 0 G0 Tn 71!Ci 1~ JAI
C-----K .akC K-~ 'IIV£ ~~ATlrtl.. Q55 F C F:5 T ~ (", ,,'5 16J'1
P(: -= i( _ t 1 ) • ? i\" .. lonco Tf ( ~' .. LT, .)Tl .c~. .T2 GO T0 112 Q5SEO
~r 1iG J = ~, ~p~ 1"""(':0 if \ J ~ n; ~ . T' • ~.p. .T? I GO Tn H,~ 1 ~,;!ll
r,: ( 1 .CT. ·CTo } ::'r lr 111 O~5EO 1~~'1
en 1"l7 ' \ C : 1. tCT6 O~5'O -: r T' 7~ ~ l~JAl
)(1\'1 ;<;T 1 tt-,r) .. looeo r<;~ ::. n.~ l~JAl
Kl\? : l<T? (i'-.() • } C1{ 0 T T f\ r:: ;;: 1 ...
~ ;(~1 lrr:ca
JTl :T] P"C) • O!:ic;r 0 IF ~r?" I<t\] I 7C;O. 1S1. 752 OSSEo
~1T7:: lT2P'.() • 4 Oe.C;EO 7 C i' p~ i"- T '''j l' Q~SFO
TF ( JT? ... JTl ) '44. 74C;, 7"~ O'SF 0 (!(' ,. <'"1 g'1q("; OS5Eo
144 pRH T
145
130
H
9~o
Hi
f I';L?
9<:'!t:;Q
,(:L, 1'\1\ \ ) nO Tn p"S
C«E 0
O!";f 0
O~APl (r Tn
, .('
OSSEO
l~J'\
(; t;f;f I')
Pin", T Q}7 OM"} 05'EO
G(l T:') 9Q9c:) OMP} O~ScO
IF I JT? - JTI 1 75~. 05SEO IF' ( IF'US (J) .fa, 1 ) GO Tn tin. I'API
754 PPI~T 917 aS~EO IF' ( v5Yjl!JtN"1 .fG .... 1 ; ,-..r t(l ~O_ 2"'Jul
(.~ T~ 9qq9 055EO GO Tn 6 h P6 ISFEI
A[)f!\.{;~ ~ 1.0 O~sEC C"'---"'''F'\tFR~[ TJ.oIF' rFfI;F'Q f':F' ~n"'j H:rAP ';L.PPD~T CU~VE I roE I
75S
16JAI ,,04 0<' f.(l" "p 1: 1, ~ peT . Ir<EI
ESP' 1.0
GO T(l 1~1 OSSEO ~p~ • ~DCT _ NP • 1 I~<FI
11SQ
GO TO 7ise
NA • NA I . l7UO
17SfO C~ 1o~P
LOP •
J . 1.
L~PT
~A.I
I~FEI
17SE 0
.
I ~S (Il II: ~PRCR 26Jul :rF" (",,) :II: J - 2 O!lSEO
.EO. I I GO 10 10S9 I75EO CONTI NLJE OS5EO
..
IF KE¥P(t1P}
10121 I O~T 1"[ 5TA a USEO IF IpotAXY.p Z' """31 ISfEl
IF ( KPS .EO. 3 1 IS~(21 5" ovp 26JUI Xr(ftoIAxy.2) • XMi4l 15,,1
IF ( KPS .~a" 4 1 T55111 S;' ~VP 26JUI c~.---PLCT T~IS Fe.~E rF ACClJ"uLAT(~ PLOTS RT "lc~orIL" OR BA~L-P01" P'PEP
FNrt"Cr I 10. 4. l~!l ) I ISS 26JUI C-----PLOTTI~G ,,[T.rr 21A P I
1n;9
GO TO 7"lQ
Ifl( 21 .
laHBEA" SU e
17!EO
U5Eo
no 726!
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e-----
C
SU.ROUTINE TIC Toe lJI
TIC Toc (II • eO~PILE TTMF
TIC TllC (2) • ELAPSEn Co" TT~E
"8~OB
r"R~QiR
TIC Inc (41 • TI"E rOR T.<l5 PRORLEM AN(\ FLA o 5EO cPU Tt"~ i"At.fPA
10 fORMAT(IIt30'lQHELAPSED roll TI"''' = I~.c", ~lN"TESFQ,),A'" ~rcOND5 ::>SC::ff.6
11 F'O~t4AT(11130:"1-:'HC~,",P!LE TT~F' u .T5.~ .... ~t""'ITE<;.F'9.3'Ro1 ~F'r:I"I"IOS ~S~f66
12 FORMATtII130~2.HT1ME F'O~ THt~ PRA8LEv • • t~.A~ ~rNUTE~,F'q.~. ;SSF66
1 A'i SECONDS I ,S5E66
t • J - , ,one66
iFf 1 ItO,~(I.3l)
T-1 ?'''f6 6
'0 fl~ f = ;SSf66
(~o Cb.LL S[CI"JNO (F) ::':t'f'f.6
III • f 7Sj'F6~
11 c 111 I ~o ;S5f~6
Fy2 c f' ... ll.~o 'SSE66
IF( T ) 5ry.10,~O >55f66
"0 PRINT I!' Il'F!2 ~5sr66
GO F' Q90 ?SSt66
~o FIJ s F _ F14 ?5SE66
12 • fT3 I M >5SE66
fI3 =
Fl' _ 12*~o ?SSE66
PRINT 12' 12' fl3 ,5"H,6
1Ft I-I • 9QO.Q90,70
10 PRINT 10. 11."12 ~~~~~~
9QO CONTINUE >5 5 E66
RETURN '5"E66
EN" ?5SF66
Sljq~OUTINE SPLDT q ( NPLT, 'II, I'1't't II( 1 1 I J[O IF owE~A.LT.o.} O""F~A = ~. 1'"14 Iro
C • • • • THE LATEST REVISION nATA FOQ THIC; ,oOIITIN[ IS II JUN 70 cEVISE~ ~5 IF O~EuA.EQ.THETA 1 GO TO ~O ll~oq
CO..,MON I SPLOT I WIDTH, S"-4ALi. ~TG, C;yuR 1 1 JrO SIG 'o1A = ( IWIDE _ 1 ) I I "'''''FGA - THE'TA n'J~O
DIIrotIENSYON IOXI}). X(]l. IX(;1t C;PACrl",21, SY"-4j:\f!o' II JrO IF ( IAX.E'Q.l .OQ. I'IJE~n.FO.l 1 Gn TO 60 llJEO
INTEGEQ "10TH "l4Jt"O RETA =
1. - SI~"-4A • THfTA 11 J~o
DATA SPACE I 6Z-lH I IIo4T I • qLA~K I IH I
• SY"-4A I 1 LifO IOTA = APA o4JfO
c •••• •••• THIS ROUTINE ~UPERI ... pnSE~ UP TO 10 PLOTS PER FR~~~ t'14JrO IF (BETA - IOTA) .r,~ • • 5 )
I IOTA. IOTA - 1 ('\4J~0
C THE flQST PLOT SHOULn QE TNf LON"F~T 'NOST POINTS, o5JfO ISK;C. K TnTA 11 JfO
C TH~ PAPEN SHOULD BE pnSITIO~fD PCO"EcLY AND ALL 10 n Cq I~S'" = ISKX 11 J~O
C
C
C
.... HEAnlNGS PNINTED BEfnp~ rALLI~G.
INPUT -NPLT, THE ~UMqER of PLOTS FnR TIo4I~ FRA~E
InX, AQRAY CONTAINI,," LE"GTH nf THE CESPECTIVf PLoTS
10 n Cq
"4.1E' 0
f14JrO
~O 00 Ino I . I, M"-4AX
IF ( OP<lEuA.NE.THfTA
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r,o TO ~~
lIJ~O
II JfO
I I JfO
C IDX(! 1 = NU~RE. Of DOTNTS IN nQsT PLOT, nCo r'\4Jrn SPACE(lOTA) • "'Y"'~(C:;I llJfO
C x, STARTINr, AnnRESc; OF TuE ~,RST PLoT r4J~0 GO TO 8" 11 J~O
C - NOTE • TH~ PL",TS IoIUCjT qE STOREO CO~TTGOUSLY n4JEO ~5 III<. =0 II JfO
C IX, INDE,oEN~rNT vARfABLF' ( T~OExING ) II J~O IF ( IAX.EO.l) 1;0 Tn '7n 11 JEO
C WIUTH, WIDTH OF PLnT( '_ES5 T~A~ ~3 ) 14nCq SPACE (ISIf''II) • !;Y,,",A II J~O
C LOWEP LINIT or vALUfS Tn RE CONSIDERfD
S~'LL, II J~O 10 uO 85 NP ~ I, N~LT 1'14JE'0
C
C
C
.... OUTPUT-
diG, ~PPER LI~IT Of vALUf~ To RE CONSIDERFD
NO ACTUAL VALUfS A"E RfT"QNEO TO THE
CALLING RO"TI~f • THE VAl IJ~S AQF PRINTEO
IIJfO
loncq
, OOrq
IF
IF
IF
NP.uT.l)
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x(I'IIxXI.LT.THFTA}
IfX • • TI"'))'(N~-P -
r,0 TO 8~
GO Tn .q5
IIXX t'14Jro
n4JrO
11 Jro
C AND PLOTTEo VEDTICALLY. lonrq IF xd·I1XX).GT.O""~r,A I GO Tn QIi I1JEO
C T~E VALUES PQINTEO AQ~ T~OSf Of THf flQST PLOT. filS. lEO RET~ • ST~MA • ( XIT_IT'IIX) - THE'TA • 1. o4JEO
C IF "10TH IS GQEATER THAN 0 TNE 1<· .. 15 , .... ) IS PLOTTED "'4JFO leTA. BFTA 100Cq
C WIT" THE APPROPRIATE AOJ"STMfNTS I" 'CALE MADE' IF NECCESARY o4JEO IF IBETA - TOTo.) .r,~.n.c;, tOTA. IOTA - 10ncq
C IF WIDTH IS LrSS THA" 0 THE ,.AXTS I~ "OT PLOTTED A"n T~E 04JfO IF IOTA,GT,IMSK) IM~ • • TOTA II IrO
C ROUTINE fUNCTIONS JUST LIKE ~PLOT i n4JfO SPACEII0TA) • Sy"'~p,,0) I I JEO
C •••• FRAN~ L E~ORES PAX l~q2 •••• !1JrQ q5 CO~TI"UE I"I·J~O
i2 fOQMiT I 41<,14,)X EI0.),21< 6pAI 1 11Jro .. 8 PRINT 12- lXIII, XI!), ( c;~ArE(L)' l.l~tt.4!;K I 11 JEO
NENO • 0 1"'4J"O 00 qo J . I, 62 I1Jro
IrotI""A,( I: 0 n4J r o qO SPACEIJ) I: qLA"'I1( I 1,lfO
I_SK • I 11JrO 100 CONTI~uE 10nCq
00)0 I . I, NPLT 04JEO qqO RETURN lOOCq
IF ( ""P<lAX.LT.IDX(I), "-4ra.!A'II = Tn'llITl '1 4 JF'O END SPLOT q 10 JfO
NENU • NfND • IOx(I) r4JrQ END
)0 CONTINUE "4J~O
IF I NEND.LE.o 1 r,0 TO 11~~q
loWE. WIDTH (I. 4 "IrQ
lAX • 0 i14J~O
IF 1"IOE.LT.O lA'll • r4JEO
IF IWIDE,LT.O , IWI~E • -IWlnE o4JEO
IOTA. IWIDE 2 IIJEO
D""EGA • XII) 10nCq
TMET A :I 'II (1) 100Cq
IF I NENU.EG.I ) r;0 TO 11"nq
DO So I . 2. NEND 100Cq
If I O_EGA.LT.'II, n""'Fr;A =
'II(tl 10nCq
IF I THEIA,GT.XII' THETA. 'II It) 10 0 Cq
~O CONTINUE 11,IEO
IF , S_ALL,GE.AIG ) nO TO 'OJfO
IF , O_EGA.GT.RIG 1 Ora.!Fr,A • ~rG o8JEO
IF TMETA.LT.SIrotlALL' THF'TA • S ... ALL o BJEO
If IAX.EG.I) 1;0 TO ~~ II JfO
IF TMETA.GT.O. l TIo4FTA • n. "4J~O
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0 40 3 3 3.550E.OI 3.550[001 3,550E o OI
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APPENDIX H
PRO~
I
T ABI E b
-T I ~F nEPE~OENT AxJAL TI-iQII~T
5 ~ 7 q
FRO~ TO CONTO R CP
N
>-'
Vl
PRO.RA~ 1SC! - MASTE~ - JACK CHAN _ MA'LOCW _ ~EC~I-REVJSInN nATE - Zb JU~ 71
EXA~PLE ~QO~Lf.S Fnp ry~(K P~"GRAU '" JAC~ CMAu AP~JL 1971
il'NA"lC ~EAM·cnL" .. N P'IOGPA'" .. S IN" ~-1-5 J~pLIC I T OPFIiATOI>
PROR ICONT!)}
l O N E MASS SUPPn"TE:) "y • "()"Ll~EAO <PilING U"IOER ~RFE VTR'IATlI)N
PROq ICO~TI.)I
l O N E "ASS SUPP"~Tf.D 0, A "ONLTNEAP ~PQJNG UNDER ~IIFE VT~"ATION
PROR
TABLE 5
F"RO"4 TO
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I"'ONTn RHO 01 DE
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FOR ITERATION, TMERE ARF. 0 'iTATlnN~ NnT CLOSED
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FOR TTE~ATION. T~E~E ARE ,q ~TATInN< NOT CLOSED STATIONS
-4.600E-02 -8.57.E-o' -Q.q3nE-01 -1.125f.OO J • I' I7
FOR ITE~ATION, THERE ARE '~TATInN< N0T CL~SEO FOR ITE~ATION, T~EQ£ AR[ ,Q ~TATlnN~ ~nT rLOS£n
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2. STATIONS
J • I~ 17
ITEpATION, THEpE 4PF ?Q ~TATlnN~ NOT rLOSE~
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31 1.4QaE.nJ 3.1~2E-OI n. c. FOR ITERATION, THERE AR~ 'Q ~TATloN5 NOT CLoSEn
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Tl"-'E ~TA I< • 11
FOR 3 ITERAlloN, THERE ARr n 5TATlnN~ NOT CLOSEn
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~TATIONS
J • e I~ I7 TIME STO •• 14
fOR .. 7.';16, .. 04
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• U5EU ADJUSTED LOAD-OEFL CURVE Tn CALCI~ATE nEFLEcTION5 •
FOR ITERATION, THERE APE ,Q ~TATtn~c:; ~nT CL~SEO
-5.~99~-OZ -1.037~.on -l.?O~F'OO -1.374F·OO l~
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11 8.II>0E.O, -1.0'l6E-01 2.074F"+"5
7,l26r-01 1.04'1E-Ol ".C::Q2F' ... 3.384F"~tl1
T!"E 5rA ~ I~
FOR 20 ITERA fl ON, THERE A"E 'A ~TAUn". "'(>T CLoSEn
7.3~;f-03 1.'I4"E-01 ~.~92E-OI 3.3A4F-Ol
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fOR 21 ITERATION. T"ERE ..IE '7 HAT!"". "OT CLOSED
7.4)2E-03 1.94",,-01 2.c;'I~f-OI 3.lA4F-01
FOR lTERAT !o~, THERE ARE
;'.534f-0. 1. ''';'F'-O,l
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,."\9°f'-Ol l.lqlF-iil FOR 22 ITER> T10". T"ERE AgE '7 .TAU"",· "nT CLoSEn
1.4b9F_03 1.94"E-~1 ~.ti{Q'1F-Ol 3.3A4F"-rq
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FOR 2J ITEIUT!ON. TwEIIE A"E '7 t;TATr,.v."c:;; NOT CLOSEr)
-2.lhE-02 I.~q~~-~l >.)511'-01 3.11>4F-ol
7.4q9F-03 1.94"'E-Ol ~.~91E-OI 3.384F"-ril
FOR PERA TlON. T~EflE ARE ,9 5TA TIn~~ ~nT CLOSED fOR 24 ITERATION. THE"E Allf ,5 qAT!m.~ ,,"T CLOSED
;'.534f-04 1.16"E-01 '.l99f-01 3.lql"-~1
7.522E-0] l.q4"E-01 ,.~q'n"-Ol 3.JA4F'-nl
FOR 4 !TE~ATION, T~ERE ARE ,9 S"ATtnl'l,lt:; ~"T CLOSED
3.1b4r-~1
FOR 25 ITERA TlON, THE~E A~[ ,3 ~TAT!"". NOT CLoSEn
-2.174E-0~ 1.!>fl"'E-ni :>.l'ilF-OI 3.3841'-';1
7.S0IF-03 1.'1."'£-01 ,."'93E-OI
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7.264f-04 1.19nE-nl 2.432E-OI 3,?24"-01 2 ... ·llE-01 '.'ME-ill
7.556E-03 1.941-tF.-Ol
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2.0951'-0] l.q~3E-01 ,.';'1';F-OI 3. 31Z'-n I ,.';q1F-Ol 3.3RO"-nl
7.568(-03 1.9.""E-nl
fOR ITERATION, THERE ARE ,'1 ~TATInN5 NOT CLOSEt) FOR 28 ITERATION. T~EIIE AilE ;1> 5TATln"'~ NflT CLOSEO
3.214r-03 1.'1'\ j E-O 1 ~.~AlF-OI 3.379"-iil 3.380"-01
1. S7Br-03 1.941-1£-0\ '.~93E-Ol
fOR ITERATION, THERE A"f >9 STATln,,~ ~nT CLoSEn FO~ Z9 !TERAIION, THERE UIE 15 .TATln~~ NtH CLOSEn
4.107F-03 1.934E-OI ,,~8~f.-Ol 3.380~-~1
7.S85f-03 1.94"'F-Ol ~.o;9'f.-0l 3.385'-01
rOR y ITERATION. THERE ARE ,q 5TAT!~,,~ NnT CLOSED FOR 3U ! TERA TlON. THERE A~E ;4 C;TATYntoJc:: NnT CLoSEn
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1.!>92f.-01 1.Q4t'-E-'P 7.C;QJF' ... Ol 3.385'-01
~OR 10 ITERATION, THEilE ACIE ,9 5TAT!n~~ NOT CLOSH! FOR 31 ITERA TlON, THERE ARI' 14 ~TAT!nN~ "OT CLOSEn
5,387(-03 I, 930E-0 I ?,~8·E-Ol 3.3R2F-~1
7,5'161'-01 1.q4~E ... Ol ' .... ql~-Ol 3.3RS'-01
fOR 11 ITERA T ION, THERE AR' ;q ~TATln"~ ~~T CLaSEn FOR 3Z !TERATION, THERE ARE '3 ~TAT!nN~ NOT CI OSEn
5.83QF-OJ 1. 94f!E-O 'I ".~AqF'-Ol 3.382"-~1
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FOR IZ ITERATION, THERE AQf
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2,0;901'-01 3.3831'-01
FOR 33 ITERATION. THERE AR' iz ~TATI~N~ NOT CLI)SEn
7.603F-OJ 1. q4"F:-~·ti 2.~q'f-Ol 3.3851'-01
'OR , 3 ,.FRATION. T '"IF R'F ARF ,'I 5TATTn"~ ~nT CLoSECl
fOR 34 !TE~ATIO~, THERE A~f II C;TtlTlnN«:: NtH CLOSEO
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7.60I>r-03 1.Q41.F.:-f)'
FOR 14 ITERATION, THERE AR, ~9 STATI"',. NOT CLI)SED FOR 35 ITERAT ION. THERf. ARE 9 .TAn",,· "I)T CLOSE!">
,>.716F-OJ 1,941f.-01 '.'1'111'-01 3.3A3F-Ol ,.,,911'-01 3.3851'-01
7.608f-03 1.Q4",E"fll
FOR IS ITER AliON, TH"RE AilE '9 ~TAT!fI". NnT CLOSEO FO" 36 PERl TlON. THERE A"E 7 STATln"" "OT CLOSED
b.8QAE-03 1.944E-01 ,,';911'-01 1.384F-nl
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1.476£:.04 O.
'.'56.: .. 05 1.ft8 4 !:.02 Fa~ l ITERaTION. THERE aRE ~Q STArIoN~ NOT CLoSEn
6 i.Q Ro r. 04 o. -b.020r-03 •• 33~E-0' ~.Q6~F-0~ 1.019F-nl
7.~t6,,_05 1.218,:.02
3,:3~OE.02 O. FOH ITE~aTION. TME~E A~E n STaTION~ NOT CLOSED
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t.e74F.';'?
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2.433~. ~2 -3.Q77F_03 7.70Qf-n~ 1.064~-Ol 1.3Q~F-nl
Z.9. ZE-QZ o.
FOR 2 ITERArlON, THERF aPF 0 STaT InN' ""aT CLOSED
11 O. -3.977F_03 1.70QE-n~ l.n64,: .. nl 1,~QR':-nl
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q.71~F·I"I" O.
" •• 7~F_O. 4,76 3r. ft i' STa J OIST
I. 6.7?0E.,02 1.4Z8E-OI i.I~9f.n5 O.
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I~ 1.9·~E-OI ).840E·02 -3.Q17E-03 1.22?E·04 1.591E·OZ
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I~ 1.2nn[.02 1.70~E.-02 4.s1nF.n4
"'. 1,01=:_04 -7.083,,01
7.474E.Q4 _2.19]E.03 .. A.)AIiE·02
11
l,7Qqr=_OJ -l.7Q3F'~' ~.()4~F_04
2~
ITERATION, THERE .RE ~Q ~TATIoN~ NOT CLaSEn
1. '~"'F"_04 -4.450,:.n2 -3.73QF-02 -'.~QQf-nl -4.~ll~-Ol -5.06~~-nl
_'].1"17Qr-.05 n.
_4.QQ1F" ... 04 -a.370F.nl ~ TTERA1JJN. THE~E .R' 'Q STATION~ NoT CLOSEO
Z. _~.OQ5E·n5 -J"S3F-OZ -,.'"4~-oi -'.2.QF-OI - •• AOZ'-Ol
10
10
V1
FDA ~ TTiQAT10~. T~ERE AqF ,Q ~TATlnN~ ~~T cLnSEn
~.737F-O' 1.1Q~E-~' 1.Q1qr-Ol 3.00SF'-nl
I~ 1!bR(lE.02 F'OIi '-J TTEPATln~t r ... EQE Aq,t' .,,:; (;TATln",Jc Jll"'IT CLOSEn
~.195f"'O' \ .,Q"E-rl1 1.Q1Qt::'-Ol 3. oOS5r:'"" !"I 1
17 8.160[.02
,OR 10 ITERATION, T~ERE ARF 07 ~TATln~. NnT ~LOSEO
~.~41F-OJ 1.1q£E-~1 1.o1Qr-Ol 3.QO~V-~1
fOR
1.iQn.lft')3 ~.
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2.~n~~-Ol _j.11~~."5 ~.
ST> J DIST _4.'7~r_03 1.o4~~.~,
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_4.;7;'_03 3.e~5~-in
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o. o. 31
4~~OO£,OI '.014£*03 n.
<I.I>OOE.OI O.
1. .4q~J:'_05 "'1.6?Q,.nl
1. 3~.E-OJ 1.QC;H:*03 J • e
1. q~at:! ... 05 -3.4b4r.itl ITERATION. TMERE A~F ,9 ~TATI~N~ ~OT ~LOSEO
O. FOR
1.<l20E.02 2.nOE-03
l.928£-05 -5.540,.01 -1,518.-02 -2.3Q'F-OI -'.430F-01 -2,520f-OI
3.155£-03 _2.SS5~.03 O. 2 ITERATION. THERE ARE ~TATION~ ~OT CLOSED
FOR ?q
i.411£_05 -7.17e~.nl
2.8AOE.02 3.~36E-OJ _".O;.,,qE+03 O. .~,e3TE-OI -1.9q~E-ai -'.~5AE-OI -2.181f-i!
2.031£-06 -7.628r.ol FOR 3 ITERATION. T~EqE AQ, n ~TATI~N~ NOT CLoSED
7 3.~33E-03 O.
-I. USE_OS .. 6.~6fH:.f'l1 -Z.837f-02 -I.QA~E-Ol -,."SOF.-OI -2.187'-01
3.8ttOE.02 3.095E-03 O.
_4.l'7al':_05 6.572,,02 TI~E ~T. •• 2~
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