R e s e a rc h re p o r t f o r o n l i n e

e d u c a t i o n d u r i n g l o c kd ow n

PROJECT BY:
Aagaman Bharadwaj

MENTORED BY:
Lefteris Herekis
Research outline 1
Brief Stakeholders
The global pandemic caused 90% of educational institutes to shut around the
world. Educators had to hastily switch to a complete remote learning model.
This research will try to find out what effects it had on education industry.

Some questions raised during the research

1. What exactly is Education 2.0?
2. How educators are dealing with remote learning? Learner
3. Role of parents in online education.
4. Technology in remote learning.
5. Challenges of remote learning.
6. Technological advancements in education industry. Educator
7. How the poor got affected by online education?
8. Initiatives by government to support online education.

Future of education is uncertain. Is online classes the new normal? Parent

Outline PROJECT BY: MENTORED BY:

Aagaman Bharadwaj Lefteris Herekis
Research methodology 2
Project timeline Primary research methods
1. Names of respondent is changed to maintain anonymity.
Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 2. Telephonic interview was conducted.
3. Visit survey was done in person.
Introduction Secondary Primary Analysis of 4. Visit survey was supplemented with shadowing and study of personal
to mentor research research data inventory.

Primary research Respondents of primary research

Survey and interview respondents were chosen based on of major Name Education level Interview Visit survey Inventory Shadowing
stakeholder of education system. Vivek Tiwari Student of class 6th ✓ ✓ ✓

Vidhi Ahuja Architecture (UG) ✓ ✓ ✓

Prateek Yadav GATE (ME) candidate ✓

Sample size
Shruti Ojha Parent of class 4th kid ✓
Priti Singh Student of class 9th ✓

Arvind Shukla Prof. of commerce ✓

Method Educators Learners Parents

Survey 100 60 50 Secondary research sources
Interview 1 2 1
Visit survey - 3 -
Online articles Social media Data on web

Methodology PROJECT BY: MENTORED BY:

Aagaman Bharadwaj Lefteris Herekis
Education versions explained 3
Source - The Evolution of education, from Education 1.0 to Education 4.0: Is it an evolution
or a revolution? - Prof. Dr. Gregoris A. Makrides (Beer Sheva, Israel, 4 March 2019)

Education 1.0 Education 2.0 Education 3.0 Education 4.0

Educator is final authority.
Student is passive recipient.
Teacher is knowledge giver.
Technology forbidden in class.
More communication and collaboration. Flipped classroom. Cloud curriculum.
Rote memorization. Student research and self learning. VR learning.
Hours of teaching over learning. Educator facilitates and guides. Free and easy access to technology.
Google search dominant over libraries. More technology. Personalized learning.
Learning through social media. Whole curriculum on web. Educator trains student for future jobs.
Lack of investment in technology. Expert online guidance. Bring Your Own Device to learning.
Teacher learn technology from students.

RECEIVE > RESPOND > REGURGIGATE COMMUNICATE, COLLABORATE, CONNECT COORDINATE, FACILITATE, LEARN THE FUTURE OF LEARNING

The education system currently in use is Education 2.0. Countries are moving towards version 3.0 while technologists are preparing for version 4.0.

Education 2.0 PROJECT BY: MENTORED BY:

Aagaman Bharadwaj Lefteris Herekis
Key observations 4
Issues with remote learning

Noisy home Health concern Poor interaction Slow network Course content
Noisy environment Long screen time Remote learning Slow internet like 4G Teacher has to work
causes disruption of causes poor eyesight cannot be compared hampers online harder to prepare
online classes and strain to physical one learning experience course content

Costly technology No stationary Workload Mental health No study material

Poor cannot afford Students cannot step Students experience Current world Students do not have
technology for online out to get stationary marked increase in scenario negatively access to required
learning hence suffer due to lockdown workload and stress affects the mind study material.

Observations PROJECT BY: MENTORED BY:

Aagaman Bharadwaj Lefteris Herekis
 Secondary research - Issues
Challenges of online learning
Steps to Improve quality online
learning
Give choice on how to learn from
various medias of learning like
simulation, PPTs, etc.
Collaborative learning through LMS.
Learning through feed-forward method.
Teaching of educator under scrutiny of
parent’s eyes as the learner is at home.
Source – The Times of India, Rashmi
Chari, 6th May 2020
Image source – The Hindu
Visually impaired students of DU
DU announced it will conduct online
exams in OBE (Open Book Exam)
format. Visually impaired students
living in other states must arrange for
their own scribes. Only Delhi students
will be provided with such facilities on
campus. Lack of books with braille at
home is another challenge. Students
can also give exams in pen and paper
mode when campus re-opens
Source – Hindustan Times by
Fareeha Iftikhar on 5th June 2020
Image source – The Indian Express
Secondary research
Poor tribal area of Talasari
Rajesh Andhare, earns ₹ 200 a day. He
gifted his son a ₹ 7,500 smartphone to
attend online classes. Phones are
shared amongst families. Children are
adept are using these phones but cost,
connectivity and frequent power cuts
during monsoon hinders families to
own new technology.
Source – ruralindiaonline.com, by
Parth M.N. on 29th June 2020
Image source – Times of India
PROJECT BY:
Aagaman Bharadwaj
5
India’s poor suffer
Shirin Riyaz Shah (15) shares 1
phone with 4 siblings for online
learning. Her father is a tailor and
out of work. Mobile data is
expensive and gets exhausted soon.
Less than 15% of rural Indian
households have Internet as
opposed to 42% urban Indian
households.
Source – Hindustan Times, by
Shankhyaneel Sarkar, 24th July 2020
Survey Source – National Sample
Survey 2017-18
Image source – The Hindu business
MENTORED BY:
Lefteris Herekis
Secondary research - Solutions
Some initiatives to support e-Learning during pandemic
VLabs
MHRD initiative and designed by
Amrita University. It covers
simulated lab experiment from K-12
education to professional courses
like Engineering and Sciences.
Source – olabs.edu, vlab.co.in
ThinkZone
A start-up from Odisha, is using
Interactive Voice Response (IVR),
Short Message Service (SMS) and
radio to help households with no
Internet access. It has partnered with a
local radio channel to broadcast
activity-based learning modules for
students aged 3 to 10. The activities
are available in Odia, Hindi and English.
Source – The Hindu by Praveen Sudevan
on 11th May 2020
Secondary research
Pragyata
On screen time cap for imposed by
MHRD to avoid health concerns
related to online classes.
Classes 1st to 8th – two 45 mins.
sessions
Classes 9th to 12th – four 30-45 mins.
sessions.
College - four 60 mins. sessions.
Source - india.com, by Shubanghi
Gupta on 15th June 2020
PROJECT BY:
Aagaman Bharadwaj
6
Innovative solution
Shyam Kishore Singh Gandhi of
Bankathi village is headmaster of a
school of Jharkhand’s Dumka district.
He has installed several loudspeakers
throughout the village. Classes happen
on loudspeaker for 246 students living
around the of class 1-8. Students clear
doubt after class from anyone’s phone.
Source – Deccan Chronicle by PTI on
24th July 2020
MENTORED BY:
Lefteris Herekis
Primary research - Educators 7
Technological aspect Human aspect
1. Moodle is preferred LMS platform by leading institutes followed by
Google classroom for small class strength. Lack of grooming due to shut salons
2. Educators use other means like sharing course content/ scanned made educators camera shy. Long hours in front of computer
notes/ PPTs/ PDFs through Google drive and doubt clearing over causes shoulder pain.
WhatsApp when no LMS is used.
3. Educators are more comfortable using online services via browser on
a laptop and app on a smartphone. Noisy home environment.
Installing a software is more complicated process on laptops than on Few educators are either not tech
smartphones. savvy to create PPTs. Some LMS
4. Most do not have high end hardware and fast internet to support software have complicated UI to
online classes. Laptop is used more than smartphones because of operate for online learning. Suspected cheating in quiz by
screen size advantage. student.
This leads to poor user experience on both ends.
5. Educators used workarounds for practical education -
a. like sending YouTube videos of experiments (easier approach) Course content have to
Lack of facial response from diligently made with clear
b. using online 3D model or virtual labs (Vlabs) from MHRD.
students makes it tough to find referencing to upload online.
c. Or replacing practical with theory assignments to cover credits.
student’s grasp on topic.
6. Only a small fraction of respondents were hopeful for schools and
colleges to reopen soon.

PROJECT BY: MENTORED BY:

Primary research Aagaman Bharadwaj Lefteris Herekis

Primary research - Learners
Criticism
1. 97% learners believe offline education is better than remote learning.
2. Most students are not satisfied with level of interaction. Classroom
provide one on one interaction along with help of classmates. There
is lack of individual level of guidance in remote learning.
3. Students living in hostel have left study material in their rooms due to
sudden lockdown. No study material has made remote learning
tougher. Students have to rely on handouts from educators.
4. Students found visible increase in workload. Practical education had
to be replaced with theory exams.
5. Change in exam pattern to avoid cheating. Colleges have changed
from MCQS to online open book tests. Open book tests are
objectively tougher which stresses students.
Parents 8
Survey results
1. 60% parents found online education a major health concern for their
children. Long hours of on screen time can cause poor eye sight,
muscular spasm and ergonomic problems.
2. 62% of parents felt they saw increase in workload for their children.
3. While 68% did not purchase a new device to support online
education (possibly due to the lockdown), 56% upgraded their data
plans for video calls.
4. 55% were not actively engaged with their children to guide them
through their online education scenario. 45% did actively guide their
children by helping them with assignments and time management.

Positives Side note

1. Some students think due to lack of face to face interaction, students
need to work hard on their assignments. Student’s work speaks so
they to work harder.
1. More than 90% of respondents felt value education should be part of
mainstream curriculum of schools and colleges.
2. 81% respondents thought hands on social service should be
compulsory part of curriculum post pandemic times. Only 19% felt it
should be optional.

PROJECT BY: MENTORED BY:

Primary research Aagaman Bharadwaj Lefteris Herekis

Conclusion 9
Summing up the scenario
Need for value
No study education Poor connectivity
material

Increased workload
Workarounds

Government initiatives
Lack of technological
expertise
Need to inculcate social
service in mainstream
Open book tests curriculum
increase difficulty

Lack of 1 on 1
Lack of technological
interaction
access to underprivileged

There is no replacement to in person learning

PROJECT BY: MENTORED BY:

Analysis Aagaman Bharadwaj Lefteris Herekis

Bibliography 10

1. India’s poor risk falling through the gaps as schools go digital, Hindustan Times by Shankhyaneel Sarkar, 24 th July 2020.
2. HRD guidelines for online classes by schools: Cap on screen time for students, 8 steps of digital learning outlined, India.com
by Shubhangi Gupta, 15th July 2020.
3. No migrant children to be struck off school rolls amid COVID-19 lockdown: HRD ministry, India.com by Sharmita Kar, 14 th July 2020.
4. Schoolkids: digital divide to digital partition, People’s Archive of Rural India (PARI) by Parth M.N., 29 th June 2020
5. Jharkhand teacher uses loudspeakers to teach students unable to afford e-learning, Deccan Chronicle by PTI, 25 th June 2020.
6. DU online exams: Finding scribes proves difficult for visually challenged students, Hindustan Times by Fareeha Iftikhar, 5 th June 2020
7. Why e-learning isn’t a sustainable solution to the COVID-19 education crisis in India, The Hindu by Praveen Sudevan, 11 th May 2020.
8. Challenges of quality in online learning, The Times of India by Rashmi Chari in Edutrends India, 6th May 2020.
9. The evolution of education, from Education 1.0 to Education 4.0: Is it an evolution or a revolution?- Prof. Dr. Gregoris A. Makrides,
Beer Sheva, Israel, 4th March 2019.
10. Key indicators of household social consumption on education in India report, 2017-18 National Sample Survey.
11. Vlabs, an MHRD initiative.
12. Flipped classroom on Wikipedia.
13. Bal gurukul, Indian Development Foundation. Click here For research data
14. Importance of value education, Vishwashanti Gurukul, MIT Pune.

PROJECT BY: MENTORED BY:

Bibliography Aagaman Bharadwaj Lefteris Herekis