P8 Alok Bhowmick

01-12-2016
WORKSHOP ON CODE OF PRACTICE FOR ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR ,

CONCRETE ROAD BRIDGES IRC:112 BSEC PUNCHING SHEAR & TORSION BSEC
WORKSHOP ON CODE OF PRACTICE FOR CONCRETE ROAD BRIDGES IRC:112 – 2011, ORGANISED BY ING-IABSE, 18-19 NOV 2016, MUMBAI WORKSHOP ON CODE OF PRACTICE FOR CONCRETE ROAD BRIDGES IRC:112 – 2011, ORGANISED BY ING-IABSE, 18-19 NOV 2016, MUMBAI
Session & Topic of Presentation

ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR , PUNCHING SHEAR Shear
& TORSION
Name of Presenter, Job Title / Affiliation
Alok Bhowmick
Managing Director, B&S Engg. Consultants Pvt. Ltd. Flexure Shear in Flanged Interface Punching Torsion
Brief Details / CV about the Presenter, in about 100 Words : Portion of Flanged
Shear Beams & Box Section Shear Shear Shear
• Born 1959. Graduated in Civil Engineering Degree (1981, from
Delhi University), and M.Tech (Structural Engg.), from I.I.T,
Delhi (1992).
• Working in consultancy companies since 1981, in India & Member Member With
Malaysia Without Shear Shear
• 35 years of Experience in Consultancy. Started own Consultancy Reinforcement Reinforcement
Organisation in 1998 and presently MD of a well known
organisation B&S Engg. Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
• Worked essentially in the field of Bridges and Flyovers and
infra-structure projects.
Shear checks are required to be performed
• Made significant contributions in development and upgradations
of codes and standards through several professional institutions
under Ultimate Limit State only
(like IRC, BIS, IABSE, IASE, IE).
ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR , ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR ,

PUNCHING SHEAR & TORSION BSEC PUNCHING SHEAR & TORSION BSEC
SHEAR ZONES IN FLEXURAL MEMBER

Shear
Flexure Shear in Flanged Interface Punching Torsion

Portion of Flanged
Member Member With Zone Zone Zone Zone Zone

Without Shear Shear
Reinforcement Reinforcement
Uncracked Zone with Zone with Flexural

Shear checks are required to be performed Zone Shear Cracks
in Web
Combined
flexural
Cracks Only
under Ultimate Limit State only Without Any

Flexural cracks
& Shear
Cracks

Principles of shear control in IRC 112 For members with Shear Reinforcement :
1. Until a certain shear force VRd,c is reached, no calculated Variable Strut Angle used.
shear reinforcement is necessary (only in beams minimum Advantage of variable angle truss analogy :
shear reinforcement is prescribed)
2. If the design shear force is larger than this value VRd,c shear 1. Freedom of design:
reinforcement is necessary for the full design shear force. • Low angle ‘θ’ leads to low shear reinforcement
3. The shear reinforcement is to be calculated with the • High angle ‘θ’ leads to thin webs, saving concrete
variable inclination truss analogy. The strut inclination may and dead weight
be chosen between two extreme values (recommended Optimum choice depends on type of structure
range 1 ≤ cot θ ≤ 2.5). The shear reinforcement may not
exceed a defined maximum value to ensure yielding of the 2. Transparent equilibrium model, easy in use
shear reinforcement
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01-12-2016

Shear Failure Modes in Beams Member Without Shear Reinforcement

1. Diagonal Failure : Failure caused by a
combination of shear and flexure
a. Diagonal Tension Failure : Occurs due to low amount
of long. r/f & shear r/f. Diagonal crack initiated from the last
flexural crack formed & propagate into entire X-section.
2. Shear Tension Failure : cracks tend to develop along
the main bars until they combine with a flexural shear crack to
cause shear tension failure
a. Shear Compression Failure : Failure initiated from
compression zone
Shear resistance VRd,c Shear resistance VRd,c governed by shear
governed by shear tension failure:
3. Web Crushing Failure tension failure: Shear crack develops from flexural crack
in I-beams due to slender web thickness Crack occurs in web in
4. Arch Rib Failure : region uncracked in
Usually occurs in deep beams or short span flexure Source : Presentation by J C Walraven

Various Shear Component Acting

On Beam
It includes :
Axes Of Beam
(a) Vertical component of prestress force after all losses in cable.

Model Of a Beam
Of Varying Depth (b) Vertical component of increase of prestress force in cracked
Prestressing Steel
Tension R/f condition (in ULS condition) (applicable for bonded cable only).
Prestressing force to full capacity of cable can be taken for such
purpose, provided ,corresponding strain can be achieved.
(c) Shear due to Hyperstatic (secondary) effect of cables (applicable

for Indeterminate structures only)

Member Without Shear Reinforcement Member Without Shear Reinforcement

Vd : Dowel Action Va y : Aggregate Interlock F
-Cl 10.2.3 (5) & Cl 10.3.2 (5) of IRC:112
d Relief-What can be Relief-What can not be

taken in to account? taken in to account?
Vcy : Concrete
Compression Zone
Relief Due to Prestress (V*pd ) *Relief Due to increase in prestress (in bonded
(1-β)F av<2d available after all losses can be cables) in ULS condition (Due to cracking of
Force Transfer By Beam Action taken into account concrete) can not be taken into account
Force Transfer By Arch Action
‘Beam action’ or ‘Arch action’ will be dominant, will depend upon the a/d ratio. *Relief of reduction in external Relief due to inclined chord (Vccd) & (Vtd)
shear (V*E) due to concentrated can not be taken into account
loads within “2d” from edge of
support can be taken into
CONCENTRATED LOADS PLACED CLOSER TO SUPPORT account-Following Eq 10.1 only
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01-12-2016


F
Shear Strength of Concrete Depends on - Cl 10.3.2 of IRC:112

d
(a) Longitudinal R/f Ratio -
F av<2d (b) Tensile strength of conc. – directly proportional to
Force Transfer By Combination of Beam & Arch Action
Additional Check to be made : (c) Based on depth (d) of member
-Cl 10.3.2 (5) of IRC:112 (d) Based on axial stress in member
CONCENTRATED LOADS PLACED CLOSER TO SUPPORT


For
member having (Equations given are Empirical)
Concrete Grade more
than M60, VRd.C shall
be limited to strength • Provide only minimum shear reinf- in case of beams
class of M60 only Maximum Of -Eq 10.1 of IRC:112
• No need to provide minimum shear reinf- in case of slabs

(For deck slab designed by effective width member need not
to be checked for flexural shear) -Annexure B3.2 of IRC:112

SHEAR DESIGN MODEL OF MEMBERS WITH SHEAR REINFT.

DIRECT & INDIRECT SUPPORT
Assumed that the

compressive stresses
Fan-like compression are equally distributed
field exists over the full depth
DIRECT SUPPORT DIRECT SUPPORT

INDIRECT SUPPORT INDIRECT SUPPORT
(Shear Check at ‘d’ away
(Shear Check at face of Support)
from Support)
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01-12-2016

DIRECT & INDIRECT SUPPORT DIRECT SUPPORT - Cl 10.2.2.1 of IRC:112
• The shear is required to be checked

at distance “d” from the face of
DIRECT SUPPORT support for calculation. for shear R/f
calculation – Only applicable if there
is no concentrated load within “d”
from support.
• Shear R/f calculated at distance “d” shall be extended till support.

• For checking Capacity of compression strut against crushing, net shear
force acting at the face of support shall be taken.
INDIRECT SUPPORT • Additional longitudinal tension R/f is required to cater the horizontal
component of compression strut (apart from bending requirement).

INDIRECT SUPPORT - Cl 10.2.2.1 of IRC:112 Member With Shear Reinforcement

Supported beam
-Cl 10.2.3 (3) & 10.3.3.3 (7) of IRC:112
Supporting beam
Relief-What can be taken in to Relief-What can not be taken
account? into account?
Relief Due to Prestress (Vpd)can be
*Relief of reduction in external shear
• A fan shaped compression field does not exist. taken into account
(V*E) due to concentrated loads within
“2d” from edge of support can not be
• The shear at the face shall be taken for calculating shear R/f Relief due to inclined chord (Vccd) & taken into account while checking
(Vtd) can be taken into account strength of compression strut
as well as for checking of capacity of strut against crushing.
• Common intersection of supported beam and supporting *Relief of reduction in external shear (V*E)
due to concentrated loads within “2d” from
beam requires suspension R/f in addition to shear R/f. edge of support can be taken into account
while calculating shear r/f only

Check For Shear Strength of Prestressed Member as Uncracked Section Check for Shear Strength Of Prestressed Member as Uncracked Section
-Cl 10.3.2 (3) of IRC:112

Neutral
axes A section is said to be uncracked ,
bw τ σbending σ if minor principal stresses due to
cp combined effect of shear stress At centroid- σbending = 0
and bending stress (due to
Section Shear Bending Axial external load & prestress) and axial
Of Stress Stress Stress stress due to prestress is less than -Eq 10.11 of IRC:112
Varying Due to design tensile strength of concrete.
width Prestress
Where
I - Second Moment Of Area Of Gross -Section
Applicable for bwc -Effective web thickness at centroidal axes
Simply Supported (after making reduction due to presence of duct)
Span only S -First Moment of Area between Centroidal axes and Extreme Compression
Fibre About The Centroidal Axes
fctd – Design Value of Concrete Tensile Strength = fctk / γm
k1 -A constant which accounts for transmission length in pretensioned construction
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01-12-2016

Shear Strength Of Prestressed Member as Uncracked Section
• Provide only minimum shear reinforcement
-Eq 10.20 & Eq 16.4 of IRC:112
• In case, section is found to be uncracked but calculated shear

capacity is less than applied shear , shear reinf is required to be No need to check shear strength up to cross-section between support
calculated without considering any shear resistance from concrete and section which contains the intersection of elastic centroidal axes -Cl 10.3.2 (4)
of IRC:112
and a line inclined from the inner edge of the support at an angle of 450

Member With Shear Reinforcement Rules For Finalizing Truss Model

Compression Chord Inclined Compression Chord Compression Chord Inclined Compression Chord
Compression Chord Inclined Compression Chord
Fcd
Truss Model
z/2 Member
d α z/2 Memberd
α θ z/2 z axes
d α θ
z/2
Member θ z axes z/2 z
axes
z/2 Truss Model S S
Ftd (With Inclined Shear R/f) Tension Tie Shear R/f (Inclined) Tension Tie Shear R/f (Vertical)
S
z-Lever arm -
Tension Tie Shear R/f (Inclined) • For Reinforced Concrete member = 0.9d (For Tee-section only)
Rule No-1 :-
Compression Chord Inclined Compression Chord • For other section, actual value to be derived from flexural analysis)
• For Prestressed Concrete member=Distance between CG of Compressive
Fcd
d α z/2 Truss Model Force to CG of tension force
Member θ z (With Vertical Shear R/f)
axes z/2
Ftd i.e α=90o
Rule No-2 :- Variable
S Truss
Tension Tie Shear R/f (Vertical) Angle
Rule No-3 :- Method
Three Basic Parameters To Finalize Truss Model:-
Z=Lever Arm, α- Angle of Shear R/f w.r.t Bridge axes , θ-Angle of Strut w.r.t Bridge axes

Compression Chord Inclined Compression Chord Compression Chord Inclined Compression Chord
Shear Strength Of Shear Strength Of
Provided Shear R/f Fcd Concrete Fcd
d z/2 d z/2
Member α θ z Member α θ z
Governed by axes
z/2
Governed by axes
z/2
Limiting yielding of Ftd Limiting Crushing Ftd
web steel Strength Of Inclined
Tension Tie Shear R/f (Inclined) Compression Strut Tension Tie Shear R/f (Inclined)
For Members
Having
Axial Force
-Eq 10.11 of IRC:112
-Eq 10.7 of IRC:112

-Eq 10.6 of IRC:112
5
01-12-2016

Fcd
d z/2
Member α θ z
axes
z/2
Ftd
Tension Tie Shear R/f (Inclined) Member θ z

axes
Allowable Stress In Strut

z X X
Member θ
axes Width Of Strut =
Width Of Strut (along axes X-X) X X
In Its Own Plane = Thickness Of Strut bw

For Inclined Shear Reinforcement

-Eq 10.12 of IRC:112
Member θ z For Vertical Shear Reinforcement

axes
-Eq 10.8 of IRC:112

-Eq 10.12 of IRC:112

Member With Vertical Shear Reinforcement Member With Vertical Shear Reinforcement
Governed by Fcd Governed by

Fcd Limiting Crushing d α z/2
d α z/2 Member θ z Limiting yielding of
Member θ z Strength Of Inclined axes z/2 web steel
axes z/2 Compression Strut Ftd
Ftd
S
S
Tension Tie Shear R/f (Vertical)
Design Shear Forces which can
be sustained by yeilding of steel
Rule No-3 :- Rule No-3 :-
For θ= 45o 45% Increase in Strength For θ= 21.8o For θ= 45o 150% Increase in Strength For θ= 21.8o
Of strut with θ=450 Of Vertical Tie with θ=21.80
6
01-12-2016

Member With Vertical Shear Reinforcement Member With Shear Reinforcement

0.75av F
Fcd
d α z/2
Member θ z
axes z/2
Ftd d
-Reduced Shear calculated
S
should satisfy
For θ= 21.8o
For θ= 45o
F av<2d -Calculated Shear R/f to be
Force Transfer By Combination of Truss & Arch Action
placed within centered 0.75av
- Cl 10.3.3.3 (7) & (8) of IRC:112 -Reduction in load is not

applicable for checking
diagonal strut strength
Rule No-4 :-
CONCENTRATED LOADS PLACED CLOSER TO SUPPORT

Effective Web Thickness Additional Tensile Force (ΔFtd) In Longitudinal

For Resisting Shear Reinforcement Due To Shear VEd- Shift Method
d
Member z
axes
For Webs with For Webs with
α θ
For Webs with For Webs with Plastic or Non- Non-Grouted Duct
Grouted Metal Grouted Metallic Grouted metallic (if adequate R/f is
provided ) Tension Tie Shear R/f (Inclined)
Duct Duct Duct bw
-Eq 10.16 of IRC:112
Web For Grouted Metallic Duct Web For Non-Grouted Ducts and
grouted plastic ducts
-Eq 10.14 of IRC:112 -Eq 10.15 of IRC:112

Shift Rule
7
01-12-2016

Influence of Prestressing on Shear Resistance :

1. Introduces a set of loads on the
beam.
2. Increases the shear resistance VRc,d
below which no calculated shear
reinft. is required.
3. Increases web crushing capacity
(αcw).
Follow the same route as 4. In case of post tensioning, the
presented for calculating
shear reinforcement for
reducing effect of prestressing duct
reinforced Concrete beam is also there

Shear at the interface between concrete cast at different times

Shear
Surface Type m
Very Smooth 0.5
Smooth 0.6
Flexure Shear in Flanged Interface Punching Torsion Rough 0.7
Portion of Flanged
Shear Beams & Box Section Shear Shear Shear Fig-2
Fig-1 Indented 0.8
Member Member With

Without Shear Shear - Cl 10.3.4 of IRC:112
Fig-3
Indented Joint between two surface

Shear at the interface between concrete cast at different times Shear at the interface between concrete cast at different times
(between flange & web)
F F+ΔF
M M+ΔM
z
T T+ΔT
ΔX
bi
- Cl 10.3.4 of IRC:112
8
01-12-2016

Shear at the interface between concrete cast at different times Shear at the interface between concrete cast at different times
(between flange & web) (between flange & web)
N/A F Ff -Eq 10.21 of IRC:112

Fw
N/A
Case-1 Case-2
Neutral axes lies within flange Neutral axes lies outside flange i,.e within web
- Cl 10.3.4 of IRC:112

Shear at the interface between concrete cast at different times Shear in the Flange Portion Of Flanged Beams And Box sections
(between flange & web)
As
Provided Shear reinft. continued

across interface can be considered -Eq 10.22 of IRC:112
to be part of calculated required

reinforcement ratio, ρ

Shear in the Flange Portion Of Flanged Beams And Box sections

beff,total beff-total -Eq 10.22 of IRC:112
beff bw beff beff bw beff
N/A F Ff
Fw
N/A
In order to prevent crushing of strut in the flange , following check must be satisfied
- Cl 10.3.4 (note-2) of IRC:112

Case-1 Case-2
Neutral axes lies within flange Neutral axes lies outside flange i,.e within web
9
01-12-2016

Transverse reinforcement per unit length is given by

Shear
No extra
Transverse reinforcement
above flexure is necessary - Cl 10.3.5 (note-4) of IRC:112
if Flexure Shear in Flanged Interface Punching Torsion
Portion of Flanged
(a) -Eq 10.23 of IRC:112

Member Member With
Without Shear Shear
(b) Greater of Reinforcement Reinforcement

- Cl 10.3.5 (note-3) of IRC:112

Design For Punching Shear

Loaded Area and Basic control Perimeters
Design for Punching Shear needs to be done, when
concentrated loads acts on a two dimensional structural Face of Loaded At other perimeter
elements such as :- Area, U0 Along Basic control
(Uo < U < Ui)
• Deck Slabs (loads as transferred from contact area of wheel loads) (at the face of column) perimeter, Ui
(2d from face of column) (If opposed by local
• Well Cap, Open foundation , Pile Cap (Loads as transferred from pressure such as
foundation, the
pier) perimeter shall be taken
less than 2d also)
In Bridges-It is recommended to avoid Punching Reinft. by Uo
• Increasing thickness of slab Uo Uo
• Increasing Loaded Area
• Increasing Grade Of concrete

Design For Punching Shear Punching Shear Under Combined Effect Of

Axial Load and Uniaxial Moment
Basic Control Perimeters For Loaded Area
-Eq 10.24 of IRC:112
Close To Or At Edge Or Corner
y
C1
Where,
C1- Column dimension parallel to
y
If n Ed ≤ n Rd,c : No punching shear reinforcement required eccentric load
C2 – Column dimension perpendicular to
eccentric load
y C2 y
10
01-12-2016

-Eq 10.25 of IRC:112 -Eq 10.25 of IRC:112
M
-Eq 10.26 of IRC:112

For Length C1 For Arc Length

y
C1 θ
y
y
y y
y C2 y
C1 For Length C2 C1
y y
y C2 y y C2 y

For Rectangular Loaded Area –Uniaxial Bending For Rectangular Loaded Area –Biaxial Bending
Z
For any control perimeter located at distance “y” from Loaded area
-Eq 10.28 of IRC:112

bz Y Y
ez Where,
For control perimeter located at distance “y=2d” from Loaded area
-Eq 10.27 of IRC:112
ey
For control perimeter located at face of column i.e “y=0” Z

by
11
01-12-2016

For Circular Loaded Area –Axial Load & Bending
-Eq 10.25 of IRC:112
y D
D y
Where,
y

For Circular Loaded Area –Axial Load & Bending Reduced Perimeter For Edge Column & Corner Column
-Eq 10.25 of IRC:112
VALIDITY OF ASSUMPTION :
Edge Column :
Applicable where eccentricity is
towards the interior & there is no
eccentricity parallel to the edge.
Corner Column :
Where eccentricity is towards
-Eq 10.29 of IRC:112 interior of the Slab

Punching Shear Resistance of Slab Without Shear R/f Punching Shear For Foundation Slab & Pile Caps
2d 2d
-Eq 10.33 of IRC:112
a VEd a
Where,
-Eq 10.34 of IRC:112 ΔVEd

-Eq 10.38 of IRC:112
-Eq 10.35 of IRC:112 Where ΔVEd is Upward Force within control perimeter
For Concentric Load

-Eq 10.36 of IRC:112 -Eq 10.39 of IRC:112
For Eccentric Load

-Eq 10.42 of IRC:112
-Eq 10.41 of IRC:112
12
01-12-2016

Punching Shear Resistance For Foundation Slab & Pile Caps Final Checks To Be performed
2d 2d At The Column Perimeter / Perimeter of Loaded Area
a VEd a
-Eq 10.44 of IRC:112
ΔVEd -Eq 10.43 of IRC:112
Punching Shear Stress Resistance at Control Perimeter at

distance “ a ” from Periphery of the column At Any Other Control Section
-Eq 10.45 of IRC:112
-Eq 10.40 of IRC:112

Member Subjected To Torsion TEd

Shear
Flexure Shear in Flanged Interface Punching Torsion The Equilibrium Torsion is

Portion of Flanged
Shear Beams & Box Section Shear Shear Shear required for the basic
static equilibrium of the
structure. Accordingly, this
Member Member With torsional moment must be
Without Shear Shear Example Of Example Of considered in the design.
Equilibrium Torsion Compatibility Torsion
Compatibility torsion is one which occurs due to the coexistent members which are
Shear checks are required to be performed compatible to each other. If you do not provide for them in the design, there is an
under Ultimate Limit State only alternative load path. The structure may not become unstable, but will twist and
result in deformations and cracking.

Member Subjected To Torsion TEd Member Subjected To Torsion TEd
13
01-12-2016

Check For Maximum Torsion Resistance TRd,max Transverse Reinforcement (Ast) In Member
Subjected To Torsion TEd
Governed by
Limiting Crushing
Torsion Strength Of Inclined
Compression Strut
We Know that
Equating Governed by
Rule No-3 :- Limiting yielding of
web steel
Rule No-6 :-
For θ= 45o For θ= 21.8o

Member Subjected To Combined Torsion Ted & Shear VEd Transverse Reinforcement (Ast) In Member
Subjected To Torsion TEd & Shear VEd
+ =
For Hollow Section

Torsion Vertical Shear Total Work out Transverse R/f corresponding to Total Shear
Force (Torsion+Vertical) as same as Vertical Shear force
Check For Combination of Shear VEd & Torsion TEd
For Solid Section
Work out Trans R/f separately for Torsion Shear and Vertical Shear and
- Eq 10.47 of IRC:112
provide the same in the region where it should be

Member Subjected To Torsion TEd Longitudinal Reinforcement (Asl) In Member

Subjected To Torsion TEd
-Eq 10.49 of IRC:112

The longitudinal reinforcement
in any wall follows from :
• In Compressive Chord, Longitudinal Reinforcement for torsion can

be reduced in proportion to available Compressive Force.
• In Tensile Chord, Longitudinal Reinforcement for torsion should be

added to the other Reinf (Flexure + Direct tension , if any).
14
01-12-2016
ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR ,

PUNCHING SHEAR & TORSION BSEC
WORKSHOP ON CODE OF PRACTICE FOR CONCRETE ROAD BRIDGES IRC:112 – 2011, ORGANISED BY ING-IABSE, 18-19 NOV 2016, MUMBAI
THANK YOU
For any query, feel free to contact
bsec.ab@gmail.com
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01-12-2016

WORKSHOP ON CODE OF PRACTICE FOR ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR ,

Session & Topic of Presentation

ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR , ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR ,

SHEAR ZONES IN FLEXURAL MEMBER

Flexure Shear in Flanged Interface Punching Torsion

Member Member With Zone Zone Zone Zone Zone

Uncracked Zone with Zone with Flexural

under Ultimate Limit State only Without Any

ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR , ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR ,

ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR , ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR ,

Shear Failure Modes in Beams Member Without Shear Reinforcement

ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR , ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR ,

Various Shear Component Acting

(a) Vertical component of prestress force after all losses in cable.

(c) Shear due to Hyperstatic (secondary) effect of cables (applicable

ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR , ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR ,

Member Without Shear Reinforcement Member Without Shear Reinforcement

d Relief-What can be Relief-What can not be

ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR , ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR ,

Member Without Shear Reinforcement Member Without Shear Reinforcement

Shear Strength of Concrete Depends on - Cl 10.3.2 of IRC:112

Additional Check to be made : (c) Based on depth (d) of member

-Cl 10.3.2 (5) of IRC:112 (d) Based on axial stress in member

CONCENTRATED LOADS PLACED CLOSER TO SUPPORT

ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR , ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR ,

Member Without Shear Reinforcement Member Without Shear Reinforcement

• No need to provide minimum shear reinf- in case of slabs

ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR , ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR ,

SHEAR DESIGN MODEL OF MEMBERS WITH SHEAR REINFT.

Assumed that the

DIRECT SUPPORT DIRECT SUPPORT

ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR , ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR ,

DIRECT & INDIRECT SUPPORT DIRECT SUPPORT - Cl 10.2.2.1 of IRC:112

• The shear is required to be checked

• Shear R/f calculated at distance “d” shall be extended till support.

ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR , ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR ,

INDIRECT SUPPORT - Cl 10.2.2.1 of IRC:112 Member With Shear Reinforcement

ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR , ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR ,

-Cl 10.3.2 (3) of IRC:112

ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR , ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR ,

Shear Strength Of Prestressed Member as Uncracked Section

• Provide only minimum shear reinforcement

-Eq 10.20 & Eq 16.4 of IRC:112

• In case, section is found to be uncracked but calculated shear

ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR , ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR ,

Member With Shear Reinforcement Rules For Finalizing Truss Model

ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR , ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR ,

-Eq 10.7 of IRC:112

ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR , ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR ,

Compression Chord Inclined Compression Chord

Tension Tie Shear R/f (Inclined) Member θ z

Allowable Stress In Strut

ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR , ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR ,

For Inclined Shear Reinforcement

Member θ z For Vertical Shear Reinforcement

-Eq 10.8 of IRC:112

ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR , ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SHEAR ,