HKCEE Paper I running answer text

1997 Biology

1. (a)(i) *Transpiration
(a)(ii) Trace the outline of the leaf on a graph paper and then count the number of (1
cm2) squares within the outline.
(a)(iii)
Leaf Rate of water loss (g cm-2h-1)
(9.2-9.0)/100
A 0.002
(9.4-8.8)/100
B 0.006
(9.5 - 9.5)/100
C 0.001
(9.1-8.9)/100
D 0.002
Correct results
Results presented in table form with proper headings and units
(a)(iv) (1) the upper surface
(2) There are more stomata on the upper surface of the leaves)
The cuticle on the upper surface is thinner ) any ONE
(3) The rate of water loss increased at higher light intensity. It is because the
stomatal pore opened wider at higher light intensity, so the rate of
diffusion of water vapour became faster. Besides, the temperature
increased at higher light intensity, so the rate of evaporation and the rate
of diffusion of water vapour became faster.

1. (b)(i) (1) dietary fibre

(2) It promotes peristalsis of the intestine, and hence prevents constipation.
(b)(ii) (1) Milk chocolate contains large proportion of energy-rich food substances.
If the energy intake of the child is greater than the energy needed, the
excess energy-rich food substances will be stored in the body as fat and
leads to overweight.
(2) Milk chocolate contains high proportion of sugars. Sugars in the chocolate
are broken down by bacteria in the plaque to form acid which dissolves
the enamel and causes tooth decay.
(b)(iii) Food from animals is rich in protein which is necessary for the growth of the
child.

1997-CE-BIO I-1
HKCEE Paper I running answer text
1997 Biology

1. (c)(i) homozygous recessive

(c)(ii) Peter is heterozygous.
As Peter is normal for this character, he must have at least one dominant allele.
John must receive a recessive allele from each of his parents, therefore Peter
must also have a recessive allele. Hence Peter must be heterozygous.
(c)(iii) May is heterozygous, so Paul and June are also heterozygous. There is a
chance for them to have a diseased child. However, the occurrence of a
diseased child is random.
(c)(iv) to predict the risk of getting a diseased child
(c)(v) lack of iron in the diet

1997-CE-BIO I-2
HKCEE Paper I running answer text
1997 Biology

2. (a)(i) air sac

(a)(ii) The intercostal muscles contract to raise the rib cage and the diaphragm
muscles contract to flatten the diaphragm. As a result, the volume of the
thoracic cavity increases. Hence the pressure inside decreases and causes air to
rush into structure A.
(a)(iii) The surface area of structure A is reduced and hence greatly reduces the rate of
gaseous exchange.
(a)(iv) (1) lung cancer
(2) Large and accurate diagram (D)
Label and title (L) : *cigarette, filter *pump, *cotton wool
(The set-up should be workable)
filter pump

cigarette

cotton wool

cotton wool

plastic
bottle OR

A set-up to show the pressure of tar in cigarette smoke

2. (b)(i) (1) insect

(2) A has a broad tip to receive pollen grains on the insect body )
OR
Presence of nectary which produces sugary secretion / nectar to attract
insects)
OR
C is relatively large in size to attract insects )
(b)(ii) (1) Animal dispersal
(2) The fruit has fleshy portion )
OR The fruit has a good smell ) any ONE
OR The outer skin of the fruit is in bright colour )
to attract animals to eat tile fruit
(b)(iii) Because cells in tissue E are formed from cells of the mother plant only while
cells in tissue F are developed from the zygote. The zygote contains a
combination of genes from two parent plants.

1997-CE-BIO I-3
HKCEE Paper I running answer text
1997 Biology

2. (c)(i) left ventricle

(c)(ii) The pressure increases sharply because the muscles of chamber Q is
contracting.
(c)(iii) (1) closed
(2) The pressure in the left ventricle (Q) is greater than that in the left atrium
(P), thus closing valve A and pushes valve A towards P. The heart tendons
prevent valve A from turning into the left atrium (P).
(c)(iv) The unidirectional flow of the blood through the heart cannot be maintained.
Thus, less blood is pumped out of the heart.
(c)(v) (1) chamber P
(2) chamber S

1997-CE-BIO I-4
HKCEE Paper I running answer text
1997 Biology

3. (a)(i) Title(T)
Correct choice of axes (A)
Correct labelling of axes with units (L)
Correct plotting and joining of all points (P)
Labelling of the two lines (B)

600 The variation in the rate of filtering glucose and the rate of
excreting glucose with glucose concentration in blood

500
Rate of excreting glucose (mg min )
-3

400
Rate of filtering glucose /

300
filtering glucose

200

100 excreting glucose

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400

Concentration of glucose in blood plasma
3
(mg per 100 cm )

(a)(ii) (1) (I) 120 ± 5 mg min-1

(II) 0 mg min-1
(2) It is because all glucose is reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate

(a)(iii) After excessive intake of sugary food, glucose is absorbed into the blood.
When the glucose concentration in the blood plasma becomes so high (e.g.
exceed 150 mg per 100 cm3) that the kidneys cannot reabsorb all the glucose
from the filtrate, glucose will be excreted in urine.

1997-CE-BIO I-5
HKCEE Paper I running answer text
1997 Biology

3. (b)(i) (1) Geotropism

(2) To enable the root to penetrate into the soil for better anchorage and for
absorbing more water.
(b)(ii) They protect the delicate plumule because they cover up the plumule before it
emerges from the soil.
OR They provide food for the germination of the seed because they decrease in
size while other structures are developing.
OR They provide more food for the development of the seedling by photosynthesis
because they turn green after emerging from the soil.
(b)(iii) The water potential of the soil water becomes lower than that of the root cells,
therefore the cells of the root lose water by osmosis. As a result, the cells of the
seedling become flaccid. Since the seedling is mainly supported by cell
turgidity, the seedling loses support and wilt.

3. (c)(i) The mangrove plants and the reeds can undergo photosynthesis to convert the
solar energy into chemical energy. The chemical energy in the plant fragments
is then passed to gei wai shrimps via the worms by feeding.
(c)(ii) The yield of mouthbrooder increases because there is less competition for
food.
(c)(iii)
Group External feature
*fish presence of fins / lateral lines / slimy scales / )
gills ) any ONE
*bird skin covered with feathers

(c)(iv) It provides a habitat for the widelife / protects the wildlife )

It provides a resting place for migratory birds ) any ONE
(accept other reasonable answers)

1997-CE-BIO I-6
HKCEE Paper I running answer text
1997 Biology

4. (a)(i) In darkness, starch in the leaves is converted to sugars which are then
transported away from the leaves.
(a)(ii) To absorb carbon dioxide in the plastic bag
(a)(iii) First, put the leaf in boiling water. Next, immerse the leaf in hot alcohol. Then,
immerse it in water. Finally, add iodine solution onto the leaf.
(a)(iv) (1) In leaf A, the green part turned to dark blue and the non-green part
became brown in colour after the iodine test.
(2) In leaf B, both the green part and non-green part became brown after the iodine
test.
(a)(v) (1) Chlorophyll is necessary for photosynthesis
(2) Carbon dioxide is necessary for photosynthesis
(3) No conclusion can be drawn because the non-green part of leaf B and the
green part of leaf A differ by two variables.

4. (b)(i) The volume of the dough increases. It is because the yeast carries out
anaerobic respiration which produces carbon dioxide that raises the dough.
(b)(ii) The yeast are killed under high temperature thus no more carbon dioxide is
produced.
(b)(iii) brewing of beer / wine
(b)(iv) Large, accurate drawing (D)
Labels and title (L) (any four) *sporangium, *sporangiophore, *spore, *hypha,
*rhizoid, *columella(optional)

Diagram of bread mould observed under the microscope

1997-CE-BIO I-7
HKCEE Paper I running answer text
1997 Biology

4. (c)(i) The movement of the head results in the movement of the endolymph in the
direction opposite to the head movement. This stimulates the sensory hair cells
and hence nerve impulses are generated and are carried to the cerebrum for
interpretation.
(c)(ii) triceps
(c)(iii) The backbone is made up of many vertebrae which are articulated by joints.
OR
There are compressible cartilage discs between the vertebrae.
(c)(iv) Improve the functioning of the lungs / the heart )
Help to reduce body weight )
Improve musculature / improve strength of muscles ) any ONE
Improve / maintain the flexibility of joints )
Reduce stress / tension )
(accept other correct answers)

1997-CE-BIO I-8