Assignment Problems

1. Describe the two-ray path-loss model. What is the critical distance? Show the received
power curve as a function of distance.

2. Obtain the time-varying impulse response of for a multipath channel. What are the
conditions under which the multipath signals are not resolvable?

3. What is narrow-band fading model? What are the parameters which characterize a narrow
band fading model?

4. How wide-band fading model is characterized? What are the parameters associated with
wide-band fading model?

5. What is the significance of coherence bandwidth? Explain the frequency selectivity.

6. What is the coherence time? Explain the time selectivity.

7. Is it possible to have average capacity of a fading channel at par with the Shannon ca-
pacity of AWGN channel? Show the optimal power allocation when CSI is available at
transmitter as well as at the receiver.

8. Derive the probability of error union bound in AWGN.

9. Explain the principle of optimum receiver for AWGN.

10. Assume a Rayleigh fading channel with average signal power 2σ 2 = −80dBm. What is the
power outage probability of this channel relative to the threshold P0 = −95dBm? How
about P0 = −90dBm?

11. A BPSK system requires minimum of 7dB SNR to maintain the probability of error
Pe = 10−3 . Find the outage probability of a selection combining receiver for M = 1 and
M = 3 over Rayleigh fading channel assuming equal average branch SNRs of γ̄ = 15dB.
Also show the achievable diversity order at high SNR.

12. Suppose we have an application that requires a power outage probability of 0.01for the
threshold P0 = −80dBm. For Rayleigh fading, what value of the average signal power is
required?

13. Consider a wide-band channel characterized by auto correlation function


sinc(W ∆t), for 0 ≤ τ ≤ 10µs,
Ac (τ, ∆t) =
0, else,

where W = 100Hz. Compute the channel’s average delay spread and rms delay spread.

14. For Rayleigh fading channel average power P¯r = 30dB and Doppler fD = 10Hz, Compute
the average fade duration for target fade values of P0 = 0dB and 15dB.

15. Consider a flat fading channel of bandwidth 20 MHz and where, for a fixed transmit power
P̄ , the received SNR is one of the six values: γ1 = 20dB, γ2 = 15dB, γ3 = 10dB, γ4 = 5dB,
γ5 = 0dB, and γ6 = −5dB. The probability associated with each state are p1 = p6 = 0.1,
p2 = p4 = 0.15, and p3 = p5 = 0.25. Assuming that only receiver has CSI, find the
capacity of this channel.

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16. Consider a flat fading channel, for a fixed transmit power P̄ , the received SNR is one of the
four values: γ1 = 30dB, γ2 = 20dB, γ3 = 10dB, and γ4 = 0dB. The probability associated
with each state are p1 = 0.2, p2 = p3 = 0.3, and p4 = 0.2. Assuming that both transmitter
and receiver have CSI, find the optimal power adaptation policy PP̄[i] for this channel and
the normalized capacity C/B. Find the channel inversion power adaptation policy and
associated zero outage capacity per unit bandwidth. Find the truncated channel inversion
power adaptation policy and associated outage capacity per unit bandwidth for Pout = 0.1
.