VSEA Webinar Final

High Frequency Noise
and Vibration Simulation

by SEA method
Vivek
Business Development Manager – Acoustics
vivek@hexagon.com
1 | hexagonmi.com | mscsoftware.com
Agenda
• Introduction and Industrial context
• Actran Virtual SEA
• Case Studies
• Demo
• Q&A
Introduction and Industrial
context
High Frequency? Modal density
Response
Frequency [Hz]
SAE 2003 NVH Conference f=?
Sonar applications
Actran application review – FEA at High Frequency
Underwater battle
Passive sonar
Passive sonar
Active sonar
Active sonar
Passive sonar
Free Field Technologies, MSC Software Company - Confidential 6

Sonar application – Towed Array
Introduction
• This demonstration shows a towed array sonar modeled with Actran
• The physical problem is modeled in a structure/fluid coupled way (sea water, plastic
skin, oil medium)
• The acoustic source is a plane wave oblique to the towed array. The sound wave
emitted by the plane wave travels through sea water, plastic skin, oil medium and
received by a series of hydrophones in the towed array tube

Sonar application 1 – Tonpilz transducer
Introduction
Transducer
• This demonstration shows a Tonpilz
Front Oil Housing
transducer model Rubber
• Main required ingredient:
electric/structure/fluid coupling
(sea water + device)
• « e-type » equation: Counter Mass
Head Mass PZT
Piezoelectric
Elastic matrix converse coupling
Converse effect → T = c E S – et E
T = stress (N/m²)
Direct effect → D = e S + S E
D = induced electric charges (C/m²)
S = strain ( – )
Piezoelectric direct Dielectric E = electric field (V/m²)
coupling matrix

Working Conditions in Actran
• Emitter model – Direct Effect • Receiver model – Converse Effect
Electric potential Strain Mechanical

 Voltage 
stress
1 2
1 2
– 0 Volt and1 Volt electric potential BC are set on – 0 Volt electric potential BC is set on certain
certain interfaces between the electrodes interfaces between electrodes
– Acoustic pressure is computed in FE and IFE – A spherical acoustic source is placed in the
water domain IFE water domain
– Electric potential is computed on electrodes’
interfaces
1 Volt 0 axial ELECTRODE BC 0 axial

0 Volt 0 Volt
displacement displacement
0 radial 0 radial displacement

displacement

Modeling Procedure: Overview
Mesh in ANSA (can be done in any other mesh Acoustic field, colored map
tool)
Actran
model
generation
Actran VI
Actran Model generated in ActranVI
Frequency Response Function
Computation
and post-
processing:
Actran VA
+
Actran VI

Results – Emitter model
Sound Pressure Level at 45o far field Point (dB, ref: 1 µPa) Pressure (real part) map @ 45 kHz
Sound Pressure Level directivity at far field, at 45 kHz (dB, ref: 1 µPa)
Field points =
virtual micros

Results – Receiver model
Electric potential of electrode 1 and electrode 2
Based on FRF of different electrodes,

Power Spectral Densities (PSD) and
interspectral densities can be calculated
for further signal processing use
ELECTRODE 1
0 Volt 0 axial Pressure (real part) map @ 45
ELECTRODE 2 displacement
kHz
0 radial
displacement

Which Tool?
Response
Frequency [Hz]
Low frequency Mid frequency High frequency

Model characteristics
Sensitivity
• Local response + • System response
• Local indicator Uncertainty • Energetic indicator
• Small number of global modes = • Large number of local modes
• … Variability • …
FE Solutions
Tools
Actran Virtual SEA

Virtual Statistical Energy Analysis
SEA – Behind the Name
Virtual SEA
• The object is divided into subsystems
• Unknown is the energy levels of the subsystems
• Excitation is the injected power
• Vibrational energy is considered
• Uses Spatial and Frequency averaging
Virtual SEA
Subsystems Energy & Power Levels Spatial & Frequency averaging
Subsystem 2
Subsystem 3
Subsystem 1
Virtual SEA
DLF CLF
Damping Loss Factors Coupling Loss Factors
𝑁
Excitation
𝑃𝑖 = 𝜔𝜂𝑖𝑖 𝐸𝑖 + ෍ 𝜔 𝜂𝑖𝑗 𝐸𝑖 − 𝜂𝑗𝑖 𝐸𝑗 .
𝑗≠𝑖
Dissipated Power
Excitation Dissipated Power Power exchange
Power exchange
Virtual SEA
Why SEA?
❑ Reduced number of Degrees ❑ Affordable solution at high ❑ Frequency Averaging and

of Freedom (One per frequencies Spatial Averaging for high
subsystem) Modal Density
In
practice?
Which SEA method?
• Three main approaches are available:
Analytical SEA Experimental SEA Virtual SEA

Concept
Analytical expressions Measures Power levels with Power Virtual Power Injection Method
Injection Method (based on FE model)
Basic geometrical objects for Access to a prototype Need to have access to a FE model
complex geometries
Limitations
Experienced Engineers for In-plane energy cannot be measured

Junction Modelling
Only Coupling for Subsystems in Limited size of subsystem
Contact
Actran Virtual SEA
Loading Condition Definition
Workflow
Energy Levels
Virtual Power Injection Method

Use Existing FE Models
CLF & DLF
Frequency Extension
FEM to SEA in one step

Built once: reusable
Solution
Model Preparation SEA Model Building
Computation
Loading Condition Definition
1. Model Preparation
MSC Nastran SOL 103 From FEA to SEA

FEM PIDs SEA Subsystems
Structural / Cavity modes
Actran VI
Subsystem generation
Mass / Stiffness
Matrix Extraction
based on DMAP
SEA system construction
2. SEA Model Generation

Virtual Power Injection Method (PIM)
Structural / Cavity modes

𝑃 = 𝜔 𝜂0 ⋅ 𝐸
CLFs/DLFs
Virtual SEA: Energy analysis of the FE model
Indirect
CLF
CLF
One-by-one loading of each

subsystem separately to
Indirect
compute the power exchange CLF
User-defined sub-structuring
3. SEA Model Excitation
• Natural SEA excitation: injected power
• Turbulent Boundary Layer

• Diffuse Sound Field
• Distributed Pressure
• Local excitations
• Frequency and Spatially dependent excitations
• Result subsystem energy levels
3. Frequency Extrapolation Tool Subsystem 12
Subsystem 11
• Extend the frequency solution range

Subsystem 2
• Mid / High Frequency can be reached

with large industrial models Subsystem 1
Subsystem 15
• The extrapolation tool allows to
• Run simulations 10 times faster Partition 4

Window Frame
Partition 1
Window
• With 10 times less resources

• By keeping the same accuracy 8 hours
Partition 2
Front Cover Partition 5
• Using interpolation and extrapolation 30 min Window Lift and Motor
schemes
Partition 3
Front Panels Partition 6 Partition 7
Stiffener Rear Panel
Virtual SEA Approach
High
Use of existing Frequency
vibro-acoustic extension
models
Accuracy over
Vibration
the entire
Flux
frequency band
Transfer Path
CLF
FEA to SEA in automatically
one step computed
Virtual SEA: modeling of acoustic trim components
1. Use Existing FE Models 2. FEM to SEA in one

step
3. Virtual Power Injection

4. CLF & DLF
Method
5. Loading & Solution

Define stack of
layers (no mesh)
• What: Meshless definition of multi-layered trim
components through locally reacting transfer admittance
method in Actran SEA fluid/structure coupling
Structure CS Compute trim effect
with locally-reacting
transfer admittance
Heavy layer
3mm thickness
Porous layer
Relative thickness
Acoustic CS

components through locally reacting transfer admittance Random excitation on
the whole firewall panel
method in Actran SEA fluid/structure coupling
• Benefits:
• Account for trim effects on vibro-acoustic response at
mid- and high-frequencies
• Same trim definition with respect to Direct & Modal
Frequency response

components through locally reacting transfer
admittance method in Actran SEA fluid/structure Engineering time
coupling
Model Preparation
• Benefits:
• Account for trim effects on vibro-acoustic response CPU time (hours)
at mid- and high-frequencies
• Same trim definition with respect to Direct & Modal
Frequency response SEA Model Building
• Target: Acoustic trim components problems at mid and

high frequencies CPU time (minutes)
Trim definition Solution

Computation
Virtual SEA: Computational Performances
Mesh
Modes
• What: Extension of parallel affinity for SAE Model SEA Model Building
building operations
K/M File
Mesh
Modes
building operations
K/M File
mapping
Subsystem 1 Subsystem 3
Subsystem 2 Subsystem 4
Mesh
Modes
building operations
K/M File
• Key benefit: Reduce time to test different variants, Proc 0 Subsystem
1
increase efficiency
My Computer
Mapping in
Subsystem
Proc 1 2 parallel
• Targets: Large automotive, aero-space & Model Building Timings*
shipbuilding vibro-acoustic applications Subsystem 35
Proc 2 3
30
x3.5 faster
Computation Time [Hours]

Subsystem 25
Proc 3 4
20
15
10
5
*Timings obtained automotive vibro-acoustic model:
0
- 6200 structure & 850 acoustic modes Actran 19.1 Actran 2020
33 | hexagonmi.com | mscsoftware.com - 40 structure & 20 acoustic subsystems
Virtual SEA: Output Mean Velocity and Mean Pressure Results
Mean Squared Pressure map
• What:
• Automatic calculation of mean velocity and pressure
results on subsystems.
• Local results on nodes for pressure and velocity can be
output.
• Benefits:
• Visualization of vibrations and pressure levels
• Easier comparison with measurements for local results
• Target: Large automotive, aero-space & shipbuilding

vibro-acoustic applications
Case Studies
VEGA Upper Composite Acoustic Test
Correlation Activity by Actran software
FFT Acoustic Simulation Conference 2018
Alessio De Vivo
AVIO S.p.A.
VEGA Upper Composite Experimental Set-Up
• VEGA 4th and 5th stages in qualification flight configuration without standard Payload
• External Diffuse Sound Field corresponds to the VEGA lift-off acoustic loading conditions.
5th Stage
Payload Fairing
Length = 7.8 m
4th Stage
Liquid motor
stage
Payload Adapter
PSD Acceleration as function of the frequency
Actran Virtual SEA Results

Measurements
Actran Virtual
SEA Results
6
5
Actran Virtual SEA solution results in an affordable solution for
Measurements description of the system at high frequencies.
3
2
Measurements
1
Actran Virtual
User Defined SEA Results
Subsystems
FEM
38
Model
| hexagonmi.com | mscsoftware.com
SEA Modelling and Transfer Path Analysis of an
Extensive RENAULT B segment SUV Finite
Element Model
Aachen Acoustics Colloquium 2018
M. Brandstetter1, C. Dutrion2, P. D. Antoniadis1, P. Mordillat2, B. Van den
Nieuwenhof1
1 MSC Software Belgium SA / Free Field Technologies, Mont-Saint-Guibert, Belgium,
2 Renault, Guyancourt, France,
Introduction
• FE models are used to compute low and mid frequency structure-borne

noise.
• The need to extend structure-borne noise prediction to mid and high
frequencies.
• For this a smoot transition between Finite Element and SEA analysis are From FEA to SEA
needed. This is not always the case.
SEA
FE
frequency
• Two steps analysis:

1. Validation Modal Frequency response vs. Actran Virtual SEA up to 250
Hz.
2. Mid-frequency results computation up to 710 Hz
Step 1. Validation – Modal Frequency Response / Virtual SEA
Kinetic power of the entire model
✓ The vehicle model is valid at low

and mid frequencies
Windshield
excitation
Velocity on the windshield
✓ The results match well on

✓ Global Subsystems and
✓ On local comparisons, such as
the Windshield
Main contributors
Step 2. Virtual SEA Mid frequency response
Kinetic Energy
• Highest energy levels

• Main contributors
Log scale x10

Flux at 400 Hz
Flux
Front axis excitation 0.005
• Flux visualized
• Flux from Subsystem Front Axis
are shown
Payload hosting platform
Challenge MSC Software Solution Value

Modes K/M matrices
SEA subsystems
FEM Mesh definition
Actran Virtual SEA model building
• Bartolomeo is a payload hosting platform

• Finite Element models for structure • Actran FEM: standard method for correlation
designed for the ISS (International Space
integrity: studies and well suited for low and mid
Station) that will be used over 10 years frequencies
• Standard solution
• At lift-off: high noise levels, even capable of • Robust and versatile solution • Actran Virtual SEA: results are predictive over
damaging payload equipment the whole frequency range, up to 2000 Hz
• Limitation in Low/middle frequency
• Investigate efficient method for low/mid/high • Actran Virtual SEA → low/mid/high • Actran is able to predict accurately and
frequency including how to extend the frequency with a smooth transition in efficiently the vibro-acoustic response at
frequency range of the simulation for launch middle and high frequency low/middle/high frequencies
loads
43 | hexagonmi.com | mscsoftware.com Vibro-Acoustic Response Prediction of the Bartolomeo Multi-Purpose Payload

AEC – Bordeaux February 2020
Onboard Noise Comfort Prediction
The Challenge Solution Outcomes

Vibration propagation direction
excitation
Dominant transfer paths

subsystems
• Excessive onboard noise levels impact • Actran Virtual SEA approach allows to tackle
members’ task performance, human error with existing large FE model and easily • There is a need for designers and builders to
potential, health and comfort. extend the frequency range of analysis. perform noise analyses at an early design
stage.
• Commonly adopted approach to tackle with • Mid and high-frequency vibrations
numerous noise sources involved is source- propagation path can be analyzed. • Virtual SEA numerical approach is an efficient
path-receiver modeling technique. an elegant approach to address these needs by
• Noise source characterization relying on existing FE models and offering
• Transmission path analysis relevant indicators at mid- and high
• Receiver acoustic characteristics frequencies.
Demo
Live demo Cavity FEM
Door FEM
Solution
Model Preparation SEA Model Building
Computation
46 | hexagonmi.com | mscsoftware.com Built once: reusable
July Webinar Series
Date Time Topic

Thursday, July 23, 2020 10:00 AM CFD for Healthcare Application with specific focus on Pandemic scenarios
Tuesday, July 28, 2020 10:00 AM Next level of topology optimization with artificial intelligence, intelligent smoothing and
automation in modelling process for industry 4.0
Thursday, July 30, 2020 10:00 AM Powertrain simulation with Automatic preload , contacts generation using MARC
Q&A
vivek@hexagon.com
Thank You

VSEA Webinar Final

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High Frequency Noise

and Vibration Simulation

• Introduction and Industrial context

• Actran Virtual SEA

SAE 2003 NVH Conference f=?

Free Field Technologies, MSC Software Company - Confidential 6

• This demonstration shows a towed array sonar modeled with Actran

Free Field Technologies, MSC Software Company - Confidential 7

Free Field Technologies, MSC Software Company - Confidential 8

• Emitter model – Direct Effect • Receiver model – Converse Effect

Electric potential Strain Mechanical

1 Volt 0 axial ELECTRODE BC 0 axial

0 radial 0 radial displacement

Free Field Technologies, MSC Software Company - Confidential 9

Free Field Technologies, MSC Software Company - Confidential 10

Free Field Technologies, MSC Software Company - Confidential 11

Based on FRF of different electrodes,

Free Field Technologies, MSC Software Company - Confidential 12

Low frequency Mid frequency High frequency

Actran Virtual SEA

• Unknown is the energy levels of the subsystems

• Excitation is the injected power

• Vibrational energy is considered

• Uses Spatial and Frequency averaging

❑ Reduced number of Degrees ❑ Affordable solution at high ❑ Frequency Averaging and

• Three main approaches are available:

Analytical SEA Experimental SEA Virtual SEA

Experienced Engineers for In-plane energy cannot be measured

Virtual Power Injection Method

FEM to SEA in one step

MSC Nastran SOL 103 From FEA to SEA

2. SEA Model Generation

Structural / Cavity modes

One-by-one loading of each

• Natural SEA excitation: injected power

• Turbulent Boundary Layer

• Frequency and Spatially dependent excitations

• Result subsystem energy levels

• Extend the frequency solution range

• Mid / High Frequency can be reached

• The extrapolation tool allows to

• Run simulations 10 times faster Partition 4

• With 10 times less resources

1. Use Existing FE Models 2. FEM to SEA in one

3. Virtual Power Injection

5. Loading & Solution

• What: Meshless definition of multi-layered trim

• What: Meshless definition of multi-layered trim

• Target: Acoustic trim components problems at mid and

Trim definition Solution

Computation Time [Hours]

• Target: Large automotive, aero-space & shipbuilding

Actran Virtual SEA Results

• FE models are used to compute low and mid frequency structure-borne

• Two steps analysis:

✓ The vehicle model is valid at low

Velocity on the windshield

✓ The results match well on

• Highest energy levels

Log scale x10

Challenge MSC Software Solution Value

Actran Virtual SEA model building