Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Simple Complex Compound
Simple Complex Compound
Grammar
HSC, SSC
At a glance
No.
Compound
Complex
Simple
1
But/yet
Ex: He worked hard but he did not pass the exam.
Although/Though
Ex: Though he worked hard, he did not pass the exam.
In spite of/Despite + (possessive) Verb + ing
Ex: In spite of (his) working hard, he did not pass the exam.
2
Or
Ex: Read attentively or fail.
Unless…./ If you do not যুক্ত (Negative), Sub + …..
Ex: (Unless you/If you do not) read attentively you will fail.
Without + Verb + ing
Ex: Without reading attentively you will fail.
3
Verb ….. and
Ex: Take exercise and (you will) be healthy.
If you do যুক্ত (affirmative), Sub +…
Ex: If you take exercise, you will be healthy.
By + Verb + ing …..
Ex: By taking exercise, you will be healthy.
4
Sub ….. and (Subject একই)
Ex: He was lazy and he could not prosper
When/ As/Since
Ex: As he was lazy, he could not prosper.
Verb + ing …..
Ex: Being lazy he could not prosper.
5
Sub ….. and (Subject আলাদা)
Ex: He woke up and it was raining.
Ex: The water was hot and I could not drink it.
When/ As/Since
Ex: When he woke up, it was raining.
Ex: As the water water was hot, I could not drink it.
At the time of + possessive + verb + ing …., Sub + …..
Ex: At the time of his waking up, it was raining.
অথবা Sub+ having/ being + ….. Sub + …..
Ex: The water being hot, I could not drink it.
6
Very ….. and
Ex: The sum is very hard and I cannot solve it.
Ex: The sum was very easy and I could solve it.
So ….. that + Sub + can/ could + V1
Ex: The sum is so hard that I cannot solve it.
Ex: The sum was so easy that I can solve it.
Too/enough … to + V1 + …
Ex: The sum is too hard too hard for me to solve.
Ex: The sum was easy enough for me to solve.
7
and he want/ wanted to (any tense)
Ex: The man ran fast and wanted to catch the train.
So that/in order that + can/ could + V1
Ex: The man run fast so that he could catch the train.
To/in order to + V1
Ex: The man run fast to catch the train.
8
not only …. but also
Ex: She is not only a singer but also a dancer.
Ex: I gave him not only money but also good advice.
…… Who ….. as well
Ex: She who is a singer is a dancer as well.When ….
Ex: When I gave him money, I gave him advice.
Besides + Verb + ing
Ex: Besides being a singer, she is a dancer.
Ex: Besides giving him money, I gave him advice.
9
And
Ex: The police arrived and the crowd disappeared.
Ex: He heard the news and he wrote me.
As soon as …. / No sooner had …. than/ Hardly …. when/Scarcely …. when
Ex: As soon as the police arrived, the crowd disappeared.
Ex: Hardly had he heard the news when he wrote to me.
At the time of + possessive + Verb + ing
Ex: At the time of the police’s arriving/arrival, the crowd disappeared.Verb + ing
….
Ex: Hearing the news he wrote to me.
10
…. and ….
Ex: A have a brother and he reads at Chittagong University.
Noun + Relative Pronoun + Verb
Ex: I have a brother who reads at Chittagong University.
Noun + Relative Pronoun + Verb + ing
Ex: I have a brother who reading at Chittagong University.
11
…. and ….
Ex: I saw a man and he was was walking in the field.Ex: I want a shirt and it is
black.
sk satu ******
Rule-1: But যুক্ত Compound Sentence কে Though বা Although দ্বারা Complex এবং Inspite of
ও Despite দ্বারা Simple Sentence এ রূপান্তর করা হয়। Simple করার সময় Adjective কে Noun -এ
রূপান্তর করা যায়।
Example :
1. Compound: He is poor but he is honest.
Complex: Though he is poor, he is honest.
Simple: In spite of (his) being poor, he is honest
Or, In spite of (his) poverty, he is honest.
3. Compound: The old man has seven children but he lives alone.
Complex: Though the old man has seven children, he lives alone.
Simple: In spite of having seven children, the old man lives alone.
Instant Practice :
Rule-4: Subject একই এবং And দ্বারা যুক্ত Compound Sentence কে When/As/Since যুক্ত করে
Complex এবং Verb + ing …., Sub + …. দ্বারা Simple এ রূপান্তর করতে হয়।
Example :
1. Compound: We went to his office and we found him absent.
Complex: When we went to his office, we found him absent.
Simple: Going to his office, we found him absent.
3. Compound: The students saw the headmaster and they entered the class.
Complex: Since the students saw the headmaster, they entered the class.
Simple: Seeing the headmaster, the students entered the class.
Instant Practice :
As he was lazy, he could not prosper.
Being tired, he refused to go.
He received your letter and he was glad.
Going home I found my mother asleep.
He went home when he completed his work.
As I was ill, I could not attend the meeting.
Since the water was dirty, I could not drink it.
She had heard the news and she cried out in sorrow.
Having done the work, he went away.
When he had seen a horrible sight, he got frightened.
I went there and I heard him talking.
As I closed the door, I went out for a walk.
Hearing a noise, he woke up.
I forgot him and went out.
Rule-5: Subject আলাদা এবং And দ্বারা যুক্ত Compound Sentence কে When/As/Since যুক্ত করে
Complex এবং At the time of + possessive + verb + ing …., Sub + ….. অথবা Sub+ having/
being + ….. Sub + ….. দ্বারা Simple Sentence -এ রূপান্তর করা হয়।
Example :
1. Compound: He woke up and it was raining.
Complex: When he woke up, it was raining.
Simple: At the time of his waking up, it was raining.
2. Compound: The marriage ceremony was over and the guests were all going to the
feast.
Complex: When the marriage ceremony was over, the guests were all going to the
feast.
Simple: The marriage ceremony being over, the guests were all going to the
feast.
Rule-6: Very …. and যুক্ত Compound Sentence কে so ….. that + Sub + any tense …. দ্বারা
Complex এবং too/enough …. to + V1 ….. দ্বারা Simple Sentence -এ রূপান্তর করা হয়।
Note: Sentence টি Negative হলে Simple -এর ক্ষেত্রে ‘too’ ব্যবহৃত হবে এবং Affirmative হলে,
‘enough’ ব্যবহৃত হবে।
Example :
1. Compound: He is very honest and he will not accept bribe.
Complex: He is so honest that he will not accept bribe.
Simple: He is too honest to accept bribe.
3. Compound: She was very intelligent and she got first class.
Complex: She was so intelligent that she got first class.
Simple: She was enough intelligent to get first class.
Instant Practice :
Javed was so exhausted that he was lying down for a sleep.
He is too weak to walk.
The boy is very intelligent and he can understand his lesson.
The girl was so dull that she could not do the sum.
The boy was very foolish and he could not understand a simple matter.
They were so nice that they can not be used just as present.
I was too young to have learnt to say “no” to a woman.
She was my very intimate friend and I can’t forget her.
Mina was so lazy that she could not succeed in life.
The water was so dirty that we could not drink it.
Rule-7: And + Sub + desire to/ desired to/ want to/ wanted to….. যুক্ত Compound
Sentence কে so that + sub + can/could + V1 … যুক্ত করে Complex এবং to/ in order to +
V1 …./ for + Verb + ing দ্বারা Simple Sentence -এ রূপান্তর করা হয়।
Example :
1. Compound: He studied hard and wanted to pass.
Complex: He studied hard so that he could pass.
Simple: He studied hard to pass.
2. Compound: The officer left the job and he wanted to avoid punishment.
Complex: The officer left the job so that he could avoid punishment.
Simple: The officer left the job to avoid punishment.
Rule-8: Not only…… but also যুক্ত Compound Sentence কে Besides + Verb + ing …., Sub +
Verb + …. যুক্ত করে Simple Sentence এবং When/As/Since যুক্ত করে Complex Sentence -এ
রূপান্তর করা হয়।
Example :
1. Compound: I gave him not only money but also good advice.
Simple: Besides giving him money, I gave him good advice.
Complex: When I gave him money, I gave him good advice.
2. Compound: He not only robbed the passenger but also murdered him.
Simple: Besides robbing the passenger, he murdered him.
Complex: When he robbed the passenger, he murdered him.
3. Complex: No sooner had we reached the stadium than the game began.
Compound: We reached the stadium and the game began.
Simple: At the time of our reaching the stadium, the game began.