CHAPTER 5

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF SUBSTRUCTURE

5.1. Selection of Structural Configuration and Modelling

If the bearing capacity of the upper soil layer is insufficient for a spread
foundation, but firmer strata are available at greater depth, piles are used to transfer the
loads to these deeper strata. For the proposed building, Soil bearing capacity is too poor
and insufficient to support superstructure (mentioned in sec 3.4.2.2). Therefore, the
considered foundation depth is greater than it’s width. Consequently, deep foundation
must be used. Among many types of deep foundation, bore pile type foundation is
firstly considered. One of the key advantages of the bored pile system is that it does not
produce the vibration and noise level is also considerably low compared to the
traditional piling system and is also used in the difficult soil condition. Besides, the key
advantage of reduced vibrations and noise, the bored pile foundation can be made to go
beyond the moisture and seasonal variations. The structural configuration of bored piles
for this thesis building is as shown in Fig (5.1).

Figure 5.1. Bored Pile Arrangement in Proposed Building

 106

5.2. Selection of Bored Pile and Pile Caps Shapes and Sizes
Piles are generally arranged in tight patterns, which minimize the cost of the
caps, they cannot be placed closer than conditions of driving and of undisturbed
carrying capacity will permit. A center to centre spacing of about 3times the diameter
of the pile but not less than 2ft-6in is customary by CQHP guide Line. Commonly,
piles with allowable reactions of 30 to 70 tons are spaced at 3ft. Reinforced concrete
piles, are molded in circular, square, rectangular or octagonal form, among which
square shape piles are used in this proposed building. Diameters are considered as 1.5ft
and 2 ft to be analized in Safe Software. The design of pile caps varies with the number
of piles and the structural loads. Fig (5.2) Shows typical pile cap layouts and Fig (5.3)
shows typical pile cap layouts for the proposed building.

Figure 5.2. Typical Pile Cap Layouts Plan

PG3
PG1
PG2 Mat PG1

PG5
PG4

Mat PG2

Figure 5.3.Typical Pile Cap Layouts Plan for the Proposed Building
 107

According to column and wall reactions, five types of group piles with single-
column isolated footing type (pile caps) as PG1, PG2, PG3, PG4, PG5 and two types
of group piles with muti-column mat footing type (pile caps) due to the pile caps
overlapping with one another as MAT PG1,MAT PG2 are considered in the analysis.
The selected bored piles, pile caps shapes and sizes are shown in the following table.

Table 5.1. Typical Bored Piles and Pile Caps Sections

Pile N
Leng Spaci Pile cap
Grou o;
th ng
p of
of of Leng Wid Dept
Na pil
pile Pile th th h
me e
no
  (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)
;
PG1 85 4 4.5 7 7 3.5
PG2 85 5 5 7.5 7.5 3.5
PG3 85 6 4 10.5 6.5 3.5
PG4 85 6 4 10.5 6.5 3.5
PG5 85 7 6 15.5 10 4.21
MP
G1 85 30 4.5 25 20.5 3.5
MP
G2 85 9 5 12.5 12.5 3.5

5.3. Calculation for Ultimate and Allowable Bearing Capacity of a Pile

The required soil data are obtained from soil report and factor of safety is taken
as 2.5 for groups in deep foundation. Consider an 85 ft long, 1.5 ft diameter straight-
sided shaft-cast-in-place bored concrete pile.
The average undrained shear strength,
cu(avg) =1/12[(2688+3106.88+4032+3696+4233.6+4502.4+5465.6
+6520.64+5824+6966.4+7212.8+6048)/2]
= 2512.347 lb/ft2
From equation 3.9. the ultimate bearing capacity for a pile is,
L = Le
(Qu )ult = A p c u N c + p ∑ c a ΔL
L=0

π π
Ap = (Bb )2 = ( 18 )2 = 1. 77 ft 2
where, 4 4 12
 108

6048
c u( base) = =3024 lb/ft 2
2
Df 85 × 12
= = 56 . 67> 4
Bb 18
Df
> 4 , Nc = 9
From Table 3.1, for Bb
From Table 3.2, for Bb = 1.5ft, Nc = 9
The lower of these two values is 9.
p =  Bs = × 1.5 = 4.71 ft
From Table 3.3, for straight-sided shafts drilled concrete pile installed dry or by
the slurry displacement method, if cu(avg) for silty-clay along pile shaft is 2512.347 lb/ft2,
then ca/cu(avg) = 0.6.
ca = 0.6 cu(avg) = 0.6 × 2512.347 = 1507.41 lb/ft2
From Table 3.4,
Le = L – (depth of seasonal variation)
= 85 – 5 = 80 ft
Qp = 1.77 × 3024× 9 × 10-3 = 48.1 kips
Qf = 4.71 × 1507.41× 80 × 10-3 = 568 kips
(Qu)ult = Qp + Qf
= 616.1 kips
( Qu )ult 616 ∘1
= = 246 ∘44 kips
(Qu) all= FS 2. 5

5.4. Analysis Results by Safe Software

The Ultimate bearing capacity is used in defining soil support as point spring
support in this case.
Point spring support for single pile = 616.1 kips

5.4.1. Punching Shear and Settlement Results

The punching shear ratio is limited to 1 in Safe Software, the resultant value
must not exceed this limitation. Similarly, Settlement ratio is limited to 1. The checking
result is as shown in Table (5.2).
 109

Table 5.2. Punching Shear and Settlement Checking by Safe Software

Pile Pile Punching Punching
Pile Caps Max Settlement
Grou Cap Shear
(in x in) Settlement limit(1in)
p Depth Shear limit (1)
PG1 (84 x 84) 42 0.5823 PS<PSL(1) 0.237 MS<SL(1in)
PG2 (90 x 90) 42 0.6991 PS<PSL(1) 0.295 MS<SL(1in)
PG3 (126 x 78) 42 0.6729 PS<PSL(1) 0.279 MS<SL(1in)
PG4 (126 x 78) 42 0.6584 PS<PSL(1) 0.268 MS<SL(1in)
PG5 (186 x 120) 50.2 0.4691 PS<PSL(1) 0.289 MS<SL(1in)
Mat
(300 x 246) 42 0.7998 PS<PSL(1) 0.323 MS<SL(1in)
PG1
Mat
(150 x 150) 42 0.4095 PS<PSL(1) 0.307 MS<SL(1in)
PG2

5.4.2. Flexural Results

Finite element based design does not require design strips. It is ideal for
complex geometry where defining strips can be difficult. The design will output
contour plots of rebar density by averaging of peaks over user defined widths. This
helps with identifying “hot spots” for reinforcing design. Fig (5.4) shows the Flexural
Design by Finite Element Method using Safe Software.
 110

Figure 5.4. Flexural Design by Finite Element Method Using Safe Software

The required reinforcing steel area in Pile Caps as shown in Table (5.3).

Table 5.3. Steel Area Results in Pile Caps by Analysis Software

Pile Group Top Layer Bottom Layer
X- Y- X- Y-
Pile Caps (in)
Direction Direction Direction Direction
Steel Area (in2/in) 0.0737 0.0737 0.0756 0.0756
PG1
Total Steel
(84 x 84) 6.1908 6.1908 6.3504 6.3504
Area(in2)
Steel Area (in2/in) 0.075 0.075 0.0756 0.0756
PG2
Total Steel
(90 x 90) 6.75 6.75 6.804 6.804
Area(in2)
Steel Area (in2/in) 0.0756 0.0756 0.1145 0.0851
PG3
Total Steel
(126 x 78) 5.8968 9.5256 8.931 10.7226
Area(in2)
Steel Area (in2/in) 0.0756 0.0756 0.127 0.0945
PG4
Total Steel
(126 x 78) 5.8968 9.5256 9.906 11.907
Area(in2)
Steel Area (in2/in) 0.0909 0.0909 0.1394 0.0909
PG5
Total Steel
(186 x 120) 10.908 16.9074 16.728 16.9074
Area(in2)
Steel Area (in2/in) 0.0756 0.0756 0.1084 0.0756
Mat PG1
Total Steel
(300 x 246) 18.5976 22.68 26.6664 22.68
Area(in2)
Steel Area (in2/in) 0.0756 0.0756 0.0756 0.0756
Mat PG2
Total Steel
(150 x 150) 11.34 11.34 11.34 11.34
Area(in2)

5.5. Pile Foundation Design Spreadsheet Program

Pile group (1) is designed for factored loads on point 13, 20, 22. The critical
factored load is 933 kips. These factored column loads have been presented in Table
3.15.

5.5.1. Number of Pile and their Arrangement

QuG = 507.7 Kips (Un-factored Load from Table 3.15).

QuG 507 .7
= ≈
n = (Qu )all 246 . 44 = 2.06 3
 111

Try a group of 3 piles. And place the pile at 4.5ft center-to-center spacing with
7.5ft × 6.5 ft × 2.5 ft thick concrete cap. The pile group arrangement is shown in
Figure 5.5.

85’

Figure 5.5. Pile Group Arrangement (3 piles)

The allowable bearing capacity of this pile group can be calculated by the
following two methods.
(a) Block failure of pile group, by using Equation 3.10
2
(QuG )ult = cu(base) Nc ( b̄ ) +4 cu (avg )( b̄ ) Le

Df/B = Df / b̄ = 85/5.5 = 15.45 > 4

From Table 3.1, for Df/ b̄ > 4, Nc = 9
From Table 3.2, for B = b̄ > 3 ft, Nc = 6
The lower of these two value is 6.
Values cu, ca and Le are obtained from Sec 5.3.
(QuG )ult = 3024 × 6 × (5.5)2 + 4 × 2512.35 × 5.5× 80

=4970.6 kips
(QuG)all = 1988.24 kips when applying a safety factor of 2.5.

(b) Sum of ultimate loads of single pile, by using Equation 3.12 b,

(QUG)ult = Ge × n × (Qu)ult
 112

S/B =4.5/1.5 = 3
From Table 3.5, Ge = 0.7
The number of piles, n = 3
(QUG)ult = 0.7 ×3× 616.1 = 1293.81 kips
(QUG)all = 517.524 kips when applying a safety factor of 2.5.
The lower of (QUG)all is 517.524 kips.
Total load on pile group = un-factored column load + pile cap weight
= 507.7+ [ 7 ×6.5 ×2.5 ×0.15]
= 524.8 kips > (QuG)all
Therefore, it is not acceptable from a bearing capacity point of view and a
greater number of piles should use.
Try a group of 4 piles arranged in a square pattern with three piles on each side.
Place the piles at 4.5 ft center-to-center spacing with 7 ft × 7 ft × 3.5 ft thick concrete
cap. The reselected pile group arrangement is shown in Figure 5.6.

3.5’

85’

Figure 5.6. Pile Group Arrangement (4 piles)

The allowable bearing capacity of this pile group can be calculated by the
following two methods:

(a) Block failure of pile group, by using Equation3.10

2
(QuG )ult = cu(base)Nc ( b̄ ) +4 cu (avg )( b̄ ) Le

Df/B = Df / b̄ =85/6 = 14.17 > 4

 113

From Table 3.1, for Df/ b̄ > 4, Nc = 9

From Table 3.2, for B = b̄ > 3 ft, Nc = 6
The lower of these two value is 6.
Values cu, ca and Le are obtained above.
(Qu)ult = 3024 × 6 × (6)2 + 4 × 2512.35 × 6×80 = 5476.9 kips
(QuG)all = 2190.76 kips when applying a safety factor of 2.5.

(b) Sum of ultimate loads of single pile, by using Equation3.12 b,

(QUG)ult = Ge × n × (Qu)ult
S/B = 4.5/1.5 = 3
From Table 3.5, Ge = 0.7
The number of piles, n = 4
(QUG)ult = 0.7 ×4× 616.1= 1725.08 kips
(QUG)all = 690 kips when applying a safety factor of 2.5.
The lower of (QUG)all is 690 kips.
Total load on pile group = un-factored column load + pile cap weight
= 507.7+ [ 7 ×7 ×3.5 ×0.15]
= 533.43 kips
Total load on pile group = 533.43 kips < (QUG)all is 690 kips.
Therefore, it is acceptable from a bearing capacity point of view.

5.5.2. Settlement of Single Pile and Pile Group

The settlement of pile in cohesive soil consists of the sum of short-term and
long-term settlement.
(a) Short-term settlement
Short-term settlement can be estimated by semi-empirical and empirical
methods.
(i) Semi-empirical method
By using Equation 3.13,
St = Ss + Sp + Sps
St = (Qpa + s Qfa) L / (ApEp) + Cp Qpa / (B qp) + CsQfa / (Dfqp)
Total load on pile group = 533.43kips
 114

533. 43
= 133 .36 kips
The load per pile = 4
From section 5.3,
Qp = 48.1 kips
(Qp)all = 48.1/2.5 = 19.24 kips
Qf = 568 kips
(Qf)all = 568 /2.5 = 227.2 kips
Total allowable load = (Qp)all + (Qf)all
= 19.24 + 227.2
= 246.44 kips when actual load on each pile is133.36 kips
(Qp)actual = 19.24(133.36/246.44) =10.41 kips
(Qf)actual = 227.23(133.36/246.44) = 122.95 kips
s = 0.5 for uniform distribution of skin friction
L = 85 ft
Ap = 1.77 ft2
Ep = 4.061 × 106 psi for concrete
From table 3.6, Cp = 0.03 for bored pile in clay
qp = Qp /Abase = 48.1/1.77 = 27.2 kips/ft2
From Equation 3.17.

Cs =
[0.93+0.16 √ D f /B ]C p

= [0.93+0.16 √ 85/1.5]0.03
= 0.064
Substituting above values in the expression for St, we get:
3
(10. 41+0. 5×227 .2 )85×12×10 0 . 03×10 . 41×144
+ +
St = 1 . 77×144×4 . 061×106 18×27 . 2

0. 064×227 . 2×144
85×12×27 . 2
=0.31 in
(ii) Empirical method
By using Equation 3.18,
St = B/100 + Qua L/(Ap Ep)
Ep = 4.061×106 psi
 115

18
+133 .36×85×12×103 /(1 .77×144×4 . 061×106 )
St = 100
St = 0.31 in
The higher of the above two values estimated by the semi-empirical and
empirical method is 0.31 in.
Settlement of pile group can be calculated by using Equation 3.19.

SG =
S t √b/B

SG = 0.31 √ 6/1.5 = 0.623in

The calculated settlement of pile group is 0.623 in. This is less than the
allowable settlement of 1 in. Therefore, the designed pile diameter, length and group
arrangement is acceptable.

5.5.3. Pile Reinforcement

For bored piles, a minimum amount of longitudinal steel reinforcement is 1% of
the cross-sectional area of pile.
As = 0.01×Ags
= 0.01 ×/4 ×182
= 2.545 in2
As
Number of bars = area of no .5 bar = 2.545 / 0.307 = 8.29 say 9 nos
Perimeter without 3" clear cover = 2r
= 2×× (9–3)
= 37.7 in

Spacing between bars =

Perimeter without 3` ital clear`cov ital er} over { ital number` ital of ` ital bars} } } {¿ ¿
= 37.7 / 9
= 4.188 in say 4 in
Use 9#5 longitudinal bar with 4" c/c spacing in piles.
Spirals shall consist of a continuous bar or wire not less than 3/8" diameter, and
the clear spacing between turns of the spiral must not exceed 3 in nor be less than 1 in.
Therefore, 3/8"  spiral steel 3" c/c is used throughout the length of the pile.
Check, Structural pile capacity, Qu = (Ags–As) fc + As fs
 116

fs = 0.4 fy = 0.4 × 50000 = 20000 psi

fc = 0.4 fc' = 0.4 × 5075 = 2030 psi
Qu = (/4 ×182 – 2.54) 2030+2.54×20000 = 562.22 kips / pile
∴ Structural pile group capacity, (Qu)G = n×Qu
= 4 × 562.22
= 2249 kips > 588.45 kips (OK)

85’

Figure 5.7. Pile Reinforcement

5.5.4. Design of Pile Cap

square column size = 30" × 30"
un-factored column load = 507.7 kips
factored column load = 933 kips
'
28-day concrete strength, f c = 5.075 ksi
yield strength for steel, fy = 50 ksi
assume effective depth, d = 21.5 in
For pile group (1), choose the 7ft, 7 ft, 3.5 ft square pattern concrete cap to
cover the pile group arrangement with 2 piles on each side.

effective pile reaction, Re = allowable bearing capacity (pile group) – pile cap weight
 117

= 690.3– 25.725
= 664.6 kips

average load factor = factored load / un-factored load

= 933 / 507.7
= 1.84

pile reaction for strength design, Ru = Re × average load factor

= 664.6× 1.84
= 1222.864 kips
Ultimate bearing pressure for strength, qu = Ru / selected area
= 1222.864/ (7 x7)
= 24.96ksf

5.5.5. Check Two Way (Punching) Shear

The two-way shear is shown in the lower left quadrant of section. Let us assume
that the necessary depth has been found by trial and error procedure and a check with
effective depth d=21.5. The circular punching shear section is at a distance d/2 from
column face which is 10.75 in around the column.

'
B
18in-pile A
4.5
a ' b

d
2 '

c d

C D
Figure 5.8. Two-Way Shear Action
Assume d = 21.5 in
LAB = 7ft
Lab = 21.5+30 = 51.5in
 118

bo = 4 x 51.5
= 206 in
Punching Shear, V u 1
= ultimate bearing pressure x punching area
= qu x [(LAB)² - (Lab)²]
= 24.96 x [(7 x7) - (51.5/12)²]
= 763.32 kips
The design shear capacity of concrete is Ø V c , Ø=0.85(as usual for shear)
1

Ø V c =0.85×4√ f c' ×bo×d

1

=0.85×4√ 5075× 206×21.5

=1072.76kips >V u (so, it is OK)
1

5.5.6. Check One-Way Shear

One-way shear section is in the right area of section as shown in Figure 5.9. The
section is about 5.52 in width, 7 ft length and entirely out of all piles.

'
7

4.5 One-way shear area

'

18in diameter pile

Figure 5.9. One-Way Shear Action

7 30 21.5
y= − − = 0.46 ft
2 12 ×2 12

One way shear (V u ) 2

= bearing capacity×one way shear area
=q u ×LAB×y
= 80.37 kips

Normal one way shear strength, Ø V c =Ø ×2√ f c' ×b× d2

 119

= 0.85×2× √5075 ×7×12×21.5

= 218.72kips >V u ( so, it is OK)
2

5.5.7. Design of Flexural Reinforcement

The critical sections for flexure are indicated in the lower right quadrant of
Figure 5.10. They are at the faces of the column.

7ft

Flexural section (1)

18in diameter pile

Flexural section (2)

Figure 5.10. Flexural Action

ωu L2
Mu =
2
For Flexural section (1)
ωu = qu x LAB
= 24.96 x 7
= 174.72 kips/ft
7 30 2
Mu = (174.72 x ( − ) )/2 = 5307.12 kips-in
2 12 ×2
Assume a=0.77 in, Ø =0.9
Mu
As =
φ f y (d −a/2 )
5307 .12
0.77
0.9× 50 × (21.5− )
= 2
= 5.58 in2
Check,
A s fy

a = 0. 85 f 'c b
 120

= 5.58×50 / (0.85×5.075×7×12)
= 0.77 in (OK)

Checking the minimum steel ratio,

3 √ f 'c 200
bd≥ bd
As(min) =
fy fy
3× √ 5075 200
(7× 12) × 21.5 ≥ × (7× 12) × 21.5
= 50000 50000
= 7.72in2   ¿ 7.22 in2
Required As < As(min)
So, minimum steel ratio should be used for section 1.
Take As = 7.72 in2
From table A2, use 10¿8 bars for both way of cap with 9” c/c.

For Flexural section (2)

ωu = qu x LAC
= 24.96 x 7
= 174.72 kips/ft
7 30 2
Mu = (174.72 x ( − ) )/2= 5307.12 kips-in
2 12 ×2
Assume a=0.77 in, Ø =0.9
Mu
As =
φ f y (d −a/2 )
5307.12
0.77
0.9× 50 × (21.5− )
= 2
= 5.58 in2
Check,
A s fy

A = 0. 85 f 'c b

= (5.58×50)/ (0.85×5.075×7×12)
= 0.77 in (OK)
 121

Checking the minimum steel ratio,

3 √ f 'c 200
bd≥ bd
As(min) =
fy fy
3× √ 5075 200
(7× 12) × 21.5 ≥ × (7× 12) × 21.5
= 50000 50000
= 7.72 in2 ¿ 7.22 in2
Required As < As(min)
So, minimum steel ratio should be used for section 2.
Take As = 7.72 in2
From table A2, use 10¿8 bars for both way of cap with 9” c/c.

To determine the temperature and shrinkage steel.

At&s = ρbh =0.002 x 12 x 3.5 x 12 = 1.008in²
Select 4 # 5 bars in 1ft on 3” center, furnish As = 1.228 in²

Development length;
For different concrete compressive strength, assuming normal weight concrete (
λ =1.0) and uncoated ( β =1.0) bottom bar or wires ( α =1.0).
f y αβλ
'
db
Required, Ld = 20 √ f c
50000×1×1×1
×1
= 20× √5075
= 35 inches beyond column face
Actual Ld. = ((7/12x2)-(30/2) – 3 = 27 in < Required Ld.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide anchorage at the end of the bar.
If 180° hook is used,
1200 d b 1200×1
Ld. for hook bar = √ f 'c = √ 5075
= 16.85 in < actual Ld.
Minimum diameter of hook bent = 6 db. = 6 in
The extension length = 4 db. = 4 in
 122

5.5.8. For Bearing Check

All axial forces and bending moment that act at the bottom section of column
must be transferred to the footing at the bearing surface by compression in the concrete
and by reinforcement. This is shown in Figure 5.11.

7ft
Loaded area A1
Area A2

Figure 5.11. Bearing Action

Pile reaction for strength design, Ru = 1222.864 kips
The loaded area, A1 = 30'' × 30'' (Cross sectional area of column)
Ø= 0.7 for bearing of concrete
A2
Design bearing strength= 0.85
f 'c A 1
√ A1
≤ 0 . 85 φ f 'c× 2
A1

7 2× 122
0.85× 0.7 × 5075 ×302  √ 30 2
≤ 0 .85 × 5075× 2×0. 7×30
2

= 7609.46 psi≤5435.33 psi (control)

Actual design strength = 1222.864 / A1
= 1222.864 × 1000 / 30 x 30
= 1358.74 psi < design bearing strength (so it is OK)

Dowel bars, Required minimum dowel area = 0.005 × area of column

= 0.005×30×30
= 4.5in2
 123

From Table A-2, 8 # 7 bars furnishing 4.816 in2 is adequated.

Required development length for compression steel,

Lab = 0.02 db. fy / √ f 'c ≥ 0.0003 d f

b y

= 0.02 × 0.875 × 50000 / √ 5075 ≥ 0.0003 x 0.875 x 50000

= 12.28 in < 14 in (controls)

The minimum lap splice for # 7 bar = 0.0005 fy db.
= 0.0005 × 50000 × 0.875
= 22in > 8in (OK)
Dowel length = lapping splice+ development length of (compression steel)
= 22in+14in
= 36 in say 3 ft.
Total depth of pile cap = effective depth+ diameter of #8 bar+ clear spacing+
pile head set
= 21.5+1+3+4
= 29.5≈30in (2.5 ft) < Actual pile cap depth =3.5ft (OK)

8#7 dowel 3ft long

7ft
#5@ 4”c/c

10#8 on both ways

(a) plan (b) section

Figure 5.12. Pile Cap-Reinforcement (Group Pile 1)

Table 5.4. Detailing Results for Group Piles

Pile Lengt No; Spaci Pile cap Clear Pile Edge

 124

Widt Dept
Length
Grou h of ng h h rebar head of
p of pile of cover(in) inset Distance
  (ft) no; (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (in) (in) (in)
PG1 85 4 4.5 7 7 3.5 3 4 6
PG2 85 5 5 7.5 7.5 3.5 3 4 6
PG3 85 6 4 10.5 6.5 3.5 3 4 6
PG4 85 6 4 10.5 6.5 3.5 3 4 6
PG5 85 7 6 15.5 10 4.21 3 4 12
MPG1 85 30 4.5 25 20.5 3.5 3 4 12
MPG2 85 9 5 12.5 12.5 3.5 3 4 12

Table 5.5. Detailing Results for Group Piles

Pile cap reinforcement Temp &
Pile One Pile reinforcement Shrink;
X- Direction Y- Direction
Grou steel
p S
Long S Spira S Long; Long; S
Name (c/c bar S
; bar (c/c) l bar (c/c) bar bar (c/c)
)
    (in)   (in)   (in)   (in)   (in)
PG1 9 #5 4 #3 3 10 #8 9 10 #8 9 #5 4
PG2 9 #5 4 #3 3 14 #8 7 14 #8 7 #5 4
PG3 9 #5 4 #3 3 18 #10 5 13 #8 10 #5 3
PG4 9 #5 4 #3 3 21 #10 4 15 #8 9 #5 3
PG5 9 #5 4 #3 3 34 #10 4 17 #10 11 #5 4
MPG1 9 #5 4 #3 3 49 #10 5 38 #10 7 #5 4
MPG2 9 #5 4 #3 3 24 #10 5 24 #10 5 #5 4
Where, S is the spacing of bars.