Use of

English file

Unit 1: Dangerous
sports
Unit 2: Dangerous
sports

1. Passive infinitive after

adjectives and verbs to
emphasize the receiver of an
action

2. Vocabulary: words
associated with the topic of
sports
To emphasize the receiver of the action
After adjectives
To describe the subject’s attitude towards or
feeling about the action
He was really surprised to be given a gold
medal.
After verbs
To describe the subject’s attitude towards or
feeling about the action
He is expecting to be elected the lead coach of
the team.

Notes:
If we want to mention the person who performs
the action , we use the preposition BY after the
verb as in other passive forms.
He was really surprised to be given a gold
medal BY the Olympic committee.

We can use a similar construction with two

different subjects
We are expecting Roberto to be elected the lead
coach of the team.
 Passive infinitive after adjectives Passive infinitive after verbs
form form

He was really surprised to be given a He is expecting to be elected the lead

gold medal. coach of the team.
is happy love
s s
u
was
delighted u like
were
b willing verb past b want
will be TO BE verb past
j has been participle j expect TO BE
e
prepared e participle
c
had been
surprised c agree
would be
t may be shocked t hate
angry refuse
hope
Verb BE adjective verb
(any tense)

Also:

We are expecting JOHN to be elected the lead coach of

the team.

subject object
Exercise 1. Match a phrase from the blue box with one form the green box to make a complete
sentence using passive infinitive.

to be given free tickets to the home game.

1. They were shocked …
to be cheered by their fans.
2. She hopes…
to be appointed as head coach.
3. The cricket team was prepared…
to be defeated so many times.
4. Mr Kobbs was delighted…
to be given a gold medal.
5. The coach refused…
to be taken on tour.
6. Liverpool team love…
to be asked any further questions about the results of
7. The fans will be happy…
the match.
8. The sports news reporter was n0t willing…
to be renewed.
9. The footballer was surprised…
to be named the FIFA best men’s player.
10. Citizens are expecting the sports centre…
to be transferred to the entertainment and arts area.
 Check your answers.

1. They were shocked to be defeated so many times.

2. She hopes to be given a gold medal.
3. The cricket team was prepared to be taken on tour.
4. Mr Kobbs was delighted to be appointed as head coach.
5. The coach refused to be asked any further questions about the results of the match.
6. Liverpool team love to be cheered by their fans.
7. The fans will be happy to be given free tickets to the home game.
8. The sports news reporter was n0t willing to be transferred to the entertainment and
arts area.
9. The footballer was surprised to be named the FIFA best men’s player.
10. Citizens are expecting the sports centre to be renewed.
Exercise 2. Write your own sentences.

1. I’m always happy to be …

2. I’d be delighted to be …
3. I am willing to be …
4. As a university student, I'm always prepared to be …
5. Once I was surprised to be …
6. I’d be shocked to be …
7. I maybe angry to be …
8. I’d love to be …
9. I don’t like to be …
10. I want to be …
11. I’m expecting to be …
12. I don’t agree to be …
13. I hate to be …
14. I refuse to be …
15. I hope to be …
 Check your answers.

Send your sentences to your teacher to get

feedback.

or

Post your sentences in the forum your instructor

has created on Blackboard.
1. a lot of nerve
2. adventurer
3. altitude
4. bad ending
5. daring
6. dive
7. expedition
8. parachute
9. pass up an offer
10. risk your life
11. second thoughts
12. size up the situation
13. skydiving
14. take your chances
15. thrilling
2a. Vocabulary: words associated with the topic of sports

Match the definitions with words from Unit 1.

1. the height of an object or place above the sea

2. involving a lot of risk or danger, or brave enough to do risky things 1.a lot of nerve
3. someone who enjoys adventure
2.adventurer
4. a situation that doesn't end well
5. to jump into deep water with your head and arms going in first 3.altitude
6. a long and carefully organized journey, especially to a dangerous or unfamiliar place, or the 4.bad ending
people that make this journey 5.daring
7. to fail to take advantage of an offer 6.dive
8. to start having doubts about a decision you have made 7.expedition
9. to do something even though there might be risk 8.parachute
10. interesting and exciting 9.pass up an offer
11. to look at or consider a person or situation and make a judgment about them
10.risk your life
12. a piece of equipment fastened to the back of people who jump out of planes, which makes
them fall slowly and safely to the ground 11.second thoughts
13. a sport in which a person jumps from an aircraft and falls for 12.size up the situation
as long as possible before opening a parachute 13.skydiving
14. having the courage to do something risky 14.take your chances
15. to do something that could potentially result in your death or serious injury 15.thrilling
 Check your answers.

1. the height of an object or place above the sea altitude

2. involving a lot of risk or danger, or brave enough to do risky things take your chances
3. someone who enjoys adventure adventurer
4. a situation that doesn't end well bad ending
5. to jump into deep water with your head and arms going in first dive
6. a long and carefully organized journey, especially to a dangerous or unfamiliar place, or the people that make
this journey expedition
7. to fail to take advantage of an offer pass up an offer
8. to start having doubts about a decision you have made second thoughts
9. to do something even though there might be risk daring
10. interesting and exciting thrilling
11. to look at or consider a person or situation and make a judgment about them size up the situation
12. a piece of equipment fastened to the back of people who jump out of planes, which makes them fall slowly and
safely to the ground parachute
13. a sport in which a person jumps from an aircraft and falls for as long as possible before opening a parachute
skydiving
14. having the courage to do something risky a lot of nerve
15. to do something that could potentially result in your death or serious injury risk your life
2b. Vocabulary: words associated with the topic of sports
Complete each sentence with one word from the box. Check verb tenses, if necessary.
1. It only took a few seconds for her to ________________.
2. She’d had ________________about the whole project.
3. The helicopter trip over the mountains was a ________________ end to a fantastic holiday. 1.a lot of nerve
4. I'm delivering my work by hand. I won’t ________________. 2.adventurer
3.altitude
5. It takes ________________to participate in extreme sports like skydiving.
4.bad ending
6. It is a particularly ________________ stunt, involving being tied up and suspended in mid-air.
5.daring
7. He is fond of ________________. He always checks his main parachute himself before the jump. 6.dive
8. He went on an ________________ to Borneo. 7.expedition
9. The first time you ________________ on a coral reef is an experience you will never forget. 8.parachute
10. Mountain climbers use oxygen when they reach higher ________________. 9.pass up an offer
10.risk your life
11. I can't believe she won’t ________________ to go to South America.
11.second thoughts
12. He was something of an ________________, living most of his life abroad.
12.size up the situation
13. If you do extreme sports, you ________________. 13.skydiving
14. The fight that broke out between the teams had a ________________and one of the players was taken to 14.take your chances
the hospital. 15.thrilling
15. Airborne troops were dropped by ________________e behind enemy lines.
 Check your answers.
1. It only took a few seconds for her to size up the situation.
2. She’d had second thoughts about the whole project.
3. The helicopter trip over the mountains was a thrilling end to a fantastic holiday.
4. I'm delivering my work by hand. I won’t take my chances.
5. It takes a lot of nerve to participate in extreme sports like skydiving.
6. It is a particularly daring stunt, involving being tied up and suspended in mid-air.
7. He is fond of skydiving. He always checks his main parachute himself before the jump.
8. He went on an expedition to Borneo.
9. The first time you dive on a coral reef is an experience you will never forget.
10. Mountain climbers use oxygen when they reach higher altitudes.
11. I can't believe she won’t pass up the offer to go to South America.
12. He was something of an adventurer, living most of his life abroad.
13. If you do extreme sports, you risk your life.
14. The fight that broke out between the teams had a bad ending and one of the players was taken to the hospital.
15. Airborne troops were dropped by parachute behind enemy lines.
 Sources & Credits

● https://thenounproject.com/
● https://www.shutterstock.com/
● https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles-espanol/credit
● English Discoveries Student platform
● https://slidesmania.com/es/
● https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/could-have-should-have-would-have-
exercise-1.html
● https://www.slideshare.net/jbsaenz/past-progressive-and-simple-past
● https://www.shutterstock.com
● https://www.ldoceonline.com

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