www.ChineseStandard.net --> Buy True-PDF --> Auto-delivered in 0~10 minutes.

GB/T 5312-2009

Translated English of Chinese Standard: GB/T5312-2009

www.ChineseStandard.net
Sales@ChineseStandard.net

GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE

PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

ICS 77.140.75
H 48

GB/T 5312-2009
Replacing GB/T 5312-1999

Carbon and Carbon-manganese Steel Seamless

Steel Tubes and Pipes for Ship
船舶用碳钢和碳锰钢无缝钢管

GB/T 5312-2009 How to BUY & immediately GET a full-copy of this standard?
1. www.ChineseStandard.net;
2. Search --> Add to Cart --> Checkout (3-steps);
3. No action is required - Full-copy of this standard will be automatically & immediately delivered to
your EMAIL address in 0~25 minutes.
4. Support: Sales@ChineseStandard.net. Wayne, Sales manager

Issued on: October 30, 2009 Implemented on: May 1, 2010

Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and

Quarantine of the People's Republic of China;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of
China.

www.ChineseStandard.net Page 1 of 16
www.ChineseStandard.net --> Buy True-PDF --> Auto-delivered in 0~10 minutes.
GB/T 5312-2009

Table of Contents

1 Scope .................................................................................................................... 4 

2 Normative References......................................................................................... 4 

3 Classification and Code Number ....................................................................... 6 

4 Ordering Information........................................................................................... 7 

5 Dimension, Shape, Weight and Allowable Deviation ....................................... 7 

6 Technical Requirements ..................................................................................... 9 

7 Inspection and Testing Methods ...................................................................... 13 

8 Inspection Rules ................................................................................................ 15 

9 Packing, Marking and Quality Certificate ........................................................ 15 

Appendix A (Informative) Mechanical Properties under High Temperature of

Carbon and Carbon-manganese Steel Seamless Steel Tubes and Pipes for Ship

.................................................................................................................................. 16 

www.ChineseStandard.net Page 2 of 16
www.ChineseStandard.net --> Buy True-PDF --> Auto-delivered in 0~10 minutes.
GB/T 5312-2009

Foreword

This standard was revised by referring to the technical contents of seamless steel
tubes and pipes in "Rules for Material and Welding" (2006 edition) issued by the
China Classification Society (CCS).

This standard replaces GB/T 5312-1999 "Carbon and Carbon-manganese Steel

Seamless Steel Tubes and Pipes for Ship". There have been some significant
changes in this standard over GB/T 5312-1999 as follows:

- The ordering information was added;

- The marking samples were deleted;

- The external diameter allowable deviation of hot rolled (extruded) steel tubes and
pipes were modified;

- The allowable length deviation levels were added;

- The index for the straightness in full length was added;

- The content of sulfur and phosphorus was modified;

- The smelting process of steel was modified;

- The methods of bending test were modified;

- The Appendix A and B of original standard were cancelled.

Appendix A of this standard is informative.

This standard was proposed by China Iron and Steel Association.

This standard shall be under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on
Iron and Steel of Standardization Administration of China.

Drafting organization of this standard: Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd.

Participating drafting organizations of this standard: Panggang Group Chengdu Steel

& Iron Co., Ltd. and Jiangyin Jieda Shaped Tube Co., Ltd.

Chief drafting staffs of this standard: Luo Yuqing, Zhang Yaofei, Liu Cailing, Li Qi, Xue
Jianliang and Yang Fan.

The previous editions replaced by this standard are as follows:

- GB/T 5312-1985, GB/T 5312-1999.

www.ChineseStandard.net Page 3 of 16
www.ChineseStandard.net --> Buy True-PDF --> Auto-delivered in 0~10 minutes.
GB/T 5312-2009

Carbon and Carbon-manganese Steel Seamless

Steel Tubes and Pipes for Ship

1 Scope

This standard specifies the classification, code number, dimension, shape, weight,
technical requirements, testing method, inspection rules, packing, marking and quality
certificate of carbon and carbon-manganese steel seamless steel tubes and pipes for
ship (hereinafter referred to as steel tubes and pipes).

This standard is applicable to the carbon and carbon-manganese steel seamless

steel tubes and pipes used for Grade I and I pressure piping system, boilers and
super-heaters for manufacturing ships.

2 Normative References

The following standards contain the provisions which, through reference in this text,
constitute the provisions of this standard. For dated reference, the subsequent
modification or revisions of these publications do not apply. However, all parties who
reach an agreement according to this standard are encouraged to study whether the
latest edition of these documents is applicable. For undated references, the latest
edition of the normative document is applicable to this standard.

GB/T 222 Permissible Tolerances for Chemical Composition of Steel Products

GB/T 223.5 Steel and Iron - Determination of Acid-soluble Silicon and Total Silicon
Content - Reduced Molybdosilicate Spectrophotometric Method (GB/T 223.5-2008,
ISO 4829-1:1986, ISO 4829-2:1988, MOD)

GB/T 223.12 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron - Steel and Alloy The Sodium
Carbonate Separation- Diphenyl Carbazide Photometric Method for the Determination
of Chromium Content

GB/T 223.26 Iron Steel and Alloy-Determination of Molybdenum Content-The

Thiocyanate Spectrophotometric Method

GB/T 223.53 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron - Steel and Alloy -The Flame
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Nickel
Content

GB/T 223.54 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron - Steel and Alloy--The Flame

www.ChineseStandard.net Page 4 of 16
www.ChineseStandard.net --> Buy True-PDF --> Auto-delivered in 0~10 minutes.
GB/T 5312-2009

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Nickel

Content (GB/T 223.54-1987, eqv ISO/DIS 4940:1986)

GB/T 223.59 Iron Steel and Alloy - Determination of Phosphorus Content - Bismuth
Phosphomolybdate Blue Spectrophotometric Method and Antimony
Phosphomolybdate Blue Spectrophotometric Method

GB/T 223.63 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron - Steel and Alloy; The Sodium
(Potassium) Periodate Photometric Method for the Determination of Manganese
Content

GB/T 223.68 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron - Steel and Alloy The Potassium
Iodate Titration Method after Combustion in the Pipe Furnace for the Determination of
Sulfur Content

GB/T 223.69 Iron Steel and Alloy - Determination of Carbon Contents -

Gas-volumetric Method after Combustion in the Pipe Furnace

GB/T 228 Metallic Materials - Tensile Testing at Ambient Temperature (GB/T

228-2002, eqv ISO 6892:1998)

GB/T 229 Metallic Materials - Charpy Pendulum Impact Test Method (GB/T
229-2007, ISO 148-1:2006, MOD)

GB/T 232 Metallic Materials - Bend Test (GB/T 232-1999, eqv ISO 7438:1985)

GB/T 241 Metal Materials-Tube - Hydrostatic Pressure Test

GB/T 242 Metallic Materials - Tube-Drift Expanding Test (GB/T 242-2007, ISO
8493:1998, IDT)

GB/T 245 Metallic Materials – Tube - Flanging Test (GB/T 245-2008, ISO 8494:1998,
IDT)

GB/T 246 Metallic Materials – Tube - Flattening Test (GB/T 246-2007, ISO
8492:1998, IDT)

GB/T 2102 Acceptance, Packing, Marking and Certification of Pipe

GB/T 2975 Steel and Steel Products - Location and Preparation of Test Pieces for
Mechanical Testing (GB/T 2975-1998, eqv ISO 377:1997)

GB/T 4336 Method for Photoelectric Emission Spectroscopic Analysis of Carbon

Steel and Medium and Low Alloy Steel

GB/T 4338 Metallic materials - Tensile Testing at Elevated Temperature (GB/T

4338-2006, ISO 783:1989, MOD)

www.ChineseStandard.net Page 5 of 16
www.ChineseStandard.net --> Buy True-PDF --> Auto-delivered in 0~10 minutes.
GB/T 5312-2009

GB/T 5777 Seamless Steel Pipe and Tubing Methods for Ultrasonic Testing (GB/T
5777-2008, ISO 9303:1989, MOD)

GB/T 7735 Steel Tubes - The Inspection Method on Eddy Current Test (GB/T
7735-2004, ISO 9304:1989, MOD)

GB/T 12606 Steel Tubes - the Testing Method of Magnetic Flux Leakage (GB/T
12606-1999, eqv ISO 9402:1989, ISO 9598:1989)

GB/T 17395 Dimensions, Shapes, Masses and Tolerances of Seamless Steel Tubes
(GB/T 17395-2008, ISO 1127:1992, ISO 4200:1991, ISO 5252:1991, NEQ)

GB/T 20066 Steel and Iron - Sampling and Preparation of Samples for the
Determination of Chemical Composition (GB/T 20066-2006, ISO 14284:1996, IDT)

3 Classification and Code Number

3.1 Steel tubes and pipes are classified into two categories according to the
manufacturing methods. The categories and code numbers are as follows:

a) Hot rolled WHR (extruded WHEX, hot expanded WHE) steel tubes and pipes;

b) Cold drawn WCD (cold rolled WCR) steel tubes and pipes.

3.2 Steel tubes and pipes are classified into seamless steel tubes and pipes used for
pressure piping system AND seamless steel tubes and pipes used for boilers and
super-heaters, according to the functions.

3.2.1 Seamless steel tubes and pipes used for pressure piping system are classified
into three grads according to the design pressure and temperature as shown in
Table1.

Table 1 Piping System Grade

Grade I II III

Design Design Design Design Design Design

pressure / temperature / pressure / temperature / pressure / temperature /
Medium
MPa °C MPa °C MPa °C

Greater than - Not greater than

Steam and
1.6 300 0.7~1.6 170~300 0.7 170
hot oil

Fuel oil 1.6 150 0.7~1.6 60~150 0.7 60

Other
4.0 300 1.6~4.0 200~300 1.6 200
medium

Note 1: where either design pressure or design temperature of the piping system reach the requirements of Grade I,
the tube and pipe will be rated as Grade I; where both the design pressure and design temperature of the

www.ChineseStandard.net Page 6 of 16
www.ChineseStandard.net --> Buy True-PDF --> Auto-delivered in 0~10 minutes.
GB/T 5312-2009

Both end faces of steel tubes and pipes shall be vertical to the tube and pipe axes and
notch burrs shall be cleaned away.

5.5 Out-of-roundness and wall unevenness

As required by the purchaser and indicated in the contract, the out-of-roundness and
wall unevenness of steel tubes and pipes on the same section shall not exceed 80%
of the outer diameter tolerance and wall thickness tolerance respectively.

5.6 Delivered weight

Steel tubes and pipes may be delivered according to actual weight or theoretical
weight. The theoretical weight per meter shall be in accordance with the requirements
of GB/T 17395 (the steel density is 7.85 kg/dm3).

As required by the purchaser, the deviation between the actual weight and theoretical
weight of the delivered steel tubes and pipes shall meet the following requirements
based on the agreement of both the supplier and the purchaser and indicated in the
contract:

a) Single steel tube and pipe: ±10%;

b) Steel tubes and pipes no less than 10t in each lot: ±7.5%.

6 Technical Requirements

6.1 Steel grade and chemical composition

6.1.1 Steel grade and chemical composition (heat analysis) shall be in accordance
with those specified in Table 4.

Table 4 Steel Grade and Chemical Composition

Chemical composition /%

Steel grade
C Si Mn S P
Cr Mo Ni Cu Total amount

320 ≤0.16 - 0.40~0.70

360 ≤0.17 ≤0.35 0.40~0.80

410 ≤0.21 ≤0.35 0.40~1.20 ≤0.020 ≤0.025 ≤0.25 ≤0.10 ≤0.30 ≤0.30 ≤0.70

460 ≤0.22 ≤0.35 0.80~1.20

490 ≤0.23 ≤0.35 0.80~1.50

6.1.2 Where the purchaser requires product analysis, it shall be indicated in the
contract. The allowable deviation for the chemical composition of finished steel tubes
and pipes shall be in accordance with those specified in GB/T 222.

www.ChineseStandard.net Page 9 of 16
www.ChineseStandard.net --> Buy True-PDF --> Auto-delivered in 0~10 minutes.
GB/T 5312-2009

respectively.

In the bending test, the bending core diameter shall be 4 times of the nominal wall
thickness of steel tubes and pipes and shall bend to 180° at room temperature. The
sample shall be free from any crack or rift after bending test.

6.6.2.2 Samples for bending test shall be taken transversely on one end of the steel
tube and pipe. One sample shall be cut from the place close to the external surface as
possible and the other sample shall be close to the internal surface as possible. The
deformed surface of the sample under bending and tension may be processed to
smooth by machine, but it must be close to the original rolled surface (the internal and
external surfaces of steel tubes and pipes) as much as possible. No obvious scar or
other defect is allowed on the deformed surface of the sample under bending and
tension.

The section of sample after processing is 25 mm in width (b) and 12.5 mm in

thickness (a); the four angles on the section shall be formed to round angle with a
radius no greater than 1.6mm. The arc length on the external surface of the sample
shall be ensured to bend under specified test conditions and may be estimated
according to Formula (3).

L = π(d+2.2a)/2+(40~80) ………………………………………. (3)

Where,

L - the arc length on the external surface of the sample, mm;

π - the circumference ratio, which is 3.1;

d - the diameter of bending core, mm;

a - the sample thickness, mm.

6.6.3 Flaring test or flanging test

Flaring test or flanging test shall be carried out for Grade I tubes and pipe whose outer
diameter is 18mm~146mm and inner Diameter is greater than 15mm as well as tubes
and pipes used for the boilers and super-heaters.

The flaring rate of flaring test or flanging rate of flanging test shall be in accordance
with those specified in Table 6.

www.ChineseStandard.net Page 12 of 16
www.ChineseStandard.net --> Buy True-PDF --> Auto-delivered in 0~10 minutes.
GB/T 5312-2009

Table 6 Flaring and Flanging Rate of Flaring Test for Steel Tubes and Pipes
Flaring and flanging rate /%

Steel grade Inner diameter/outer diameter

≤0.6 >0.6~0.8 >0.8

320 ≥12 ≥15 ≥19

360 ≥12 ≥15 ≥19

410 ≥10 ≥12 ≥17

460 ≥8 ≥10 ≥15

The flared opening of the samples shall be free from any visible crack after flaring test.

The flanged edges of samples shall be free from any visible crack after flanging test.

6.7 Surface quality

No crack, folding, lamination, scar and creasing is allowed on the internal and external
surfaces of the steel tubes and pipes. All of these defects shall be eliminated and the
actual wall thickness at the eliminating places shall not be less than the minimum
allowable wall thickness deviation.

The straight depth of the internal and external surfaces of steel tubes and pipes shall
meet the following requirements:

a) For the cold drawn (rolled) steel tubes and pipes, the straight depth shall not
be larger than 4% of the nominal wall thickness and shall not exceed 0.2mm;

b) For the hot rolled (extruded, expanded) steel tubes and pipes, the straight
depth shall not be larger than 5% of the nominal wall thickness and shall not
exceed 0.4mm.

6.8 Nondestructive testing

Ultrasonic testing shall be carried out for the entire length of grade I tubes and pipes
as well as those used for boilers and super-heaters according to the requirements of
GB/T 5777. The longitudinal notch depth level of reference tube and pipe is L2 for
cold drawn (rolled) steel tubes and pipes and L2.5 for hot rolled (extruded, expanded)
steel tubes and pipes.

Other nondestructive testing may be carried out additionally based on the agreement
of both the supplier and the purchaser.

7 Inspection and Testing Methods

7.1 The dimension and shape of steel tubes and pipes shall be measured one by

www.ChineseStandard.net Page 13 of 16
www.ChineseStandard.net --> Buy True-PDF --> Auto-delivered in 0~10 minutes.
GB/T 5312-2009

and pipe of each batch

4 Flattening test GB/T 246 GB/T 2975 One sample from one steel tube and pipe of each batch.

5 Bending test GB/T 232 GB/T 2975 One group from one steel tube and pipe of each batch

6 Hydraulic test GB/T 241 - one by one

Eddy current
7 GB/T 7735 - one by one
testing

Flux leakage
8 GB/T 12606 - one by one
testing

Ultrasonic
9 GB/T 5777 - one by one
testing

8 Inspection Rules

8.1 Inspection and acceptance

The inspection and acceptance of steel tubes and pipes shall be carried out by the
quality and technical supervision department of the supplier.

8.2 Lot grouping rules

8.2.1 Steel tubes and pipes are inspected and accepted based on lots.

8.2.2 If heat treatment will not carried out for the steel tubes and pipes after being
cut into single pieces, all tube and pipe sections cut from a steel tube and pipe rolled
from one tube blank shall be taken as one steel tube and pipe.

8.2.3 Each lot shall consist of steel tubes and pipes with same designation, furnace
number, specification and heat treating system (furnace number). For Grade II tubes
and pipes, if the outer diameter is not greater than 325 mm, each lot shall consist of
no more than 200 tubes and pipes; if the outer diameter is greater than 325 mm, each
lot shall consist of no more than 100 tubes and pipes.

8.3 Re-inspection and judgment rules

The re-inspection and judgment rules of steel tubes and pipes shall meet the
requirements of GB/T 2102.

9 Packing, Marking and Quality Certificate

The packing, marking and quality certificate of steel tubes and pipes shall comply with
those specified in GB/T 2102.

www.ChineseStandard.net Page 15 of 16