2 basic strategies in investigation

 Reactive law enforcement – encouraged citizens to report crimes, used dealing

with murder, rape, physical injuries, robbery, and theft crimes.
 Proactive law enforcement – requires polices officers and agents to seek out,
used dealing with victimless crimes (gambling, prostitution, and dangerous drugs)
Primary areas of investigation

 Organization and structure

 Group membership
 Sphere of influence
 Goals and means
Other legal initiatives

 Asset forfeitures
 Electronic surveillance
 CCE provision
 The RICO statute
 Conspiracy law
Factors in net – worth principles

 Assets
 Liability
 Net worth
 Income
 Expenses
Requirements for indirect methods of proof

 Specific item
 Bank deposits
 Cash expenditures
Purpose of intelligence

 Tactical
 Operational
 Strategic
Intelligence analysis

 Association analysis
 Telephone analysis
 Conversation analysis
Categories of intelligence

 Knowledge
 Organization
 Activity
  Product

Reactive law enforcement – encouraged citizens to report crimes, used dealing with
murder, rape, physical injuries, robbery, and theft crimes.

Proactive law enforcement – requires polices officers and agents to seek out, used dealing
with victimless crimes (gambling, prostitution, and dangerous drugs)

Organization and structure – not all groups are organized in the same way. Most group
are hierarchical

Group membership – membership is strictly controlled

Sphere of influence – not survive without corrupting government official

Goals and means – group attains it goals

Asset forfeitures – government seizure of property

Electronic surveillance – technology makes it possible (FIBER OPTIC LINES, FAX

MACHINE,TELEPHONE,COMPUTER, CELLULAR PHONE)

CCE provision – “kingpin” CONTINUING CRIME ENTERPRISES

The RICO statute – comprehensive law RACKETEER INFLUENCED CORRUPT

ORGANIZATION

Financial investigation – the collecting, controlling, complementing, processing and

analyzing

Concealed income analysis – a toll that causes devastating loss to the criminals.
Asset – something of value
Liability – financial obligation
Net worth – specified point in time
Income – money or goods receive
Expenses – payments for consumables
Net worth and personal expenditures – most comprehensive
Bank deposits and cash expenditure – most often
Collecting and preserving evidence – vary at the discretion
Tactical intelligence – information that contributes directly
Operational intelligences – name implies, is geared
Strategic intelligences – contributes to producing sound judgement
Heart of intelligence – social science research
Association analysis – using informants
Telephone analysis – telephone wiretap
Conversation analysis – eavesdropping
Broad range of intelligences – collected and evaluated
Knowledge – information on hand
Organization – refers to units within the organization
Activity – refers to physical performance