y

f :ℝ → ℝ 2

f ( x) = x
1

G f = {( a, a ) / a ∈ ℝ}
x

−4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5

−1

−2

f :ℝ → ℝ 2

f ( x) = −x
1

G f = {( a, − a ) / a ∈ ℝ}
x

−4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5

−1

−2

f :ℝ → ℝ 4

f ( x) = x
3

Gf = {( a, a ) / a ∈ ℝ} 2

Recuerde que
 x si x ≥ 0 x

x = −4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5

− x si x < 0
−1

−2
 y

f :ℝ → ℝ 4

f ( x ) = x2
3

Gf = {( a, a ) / a ∈ ℝ}
2

−4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5

−1

−2

f :ℝ → ℝ 4

f ( x ) = x3 3

Gf = {( a, a ) / a ∈ ℝ}
3
1

−4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5

−1

−2

−3

−4

−5

f : ℝ* → ℝ
8

1 6

f ( x) = 5

x 4

 1   1

G f =  a,  / a ∈ ℝ* 
x

−9 −8 −7 −6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

 a   −1

−2

−3

−4

−5

−6

−7

−8

−9

−10
 y

f : ℝ* → ℝ
8

1
f ( x) = 2 7

x 6

 1  
G f =  a, 2  / a ∈ ℝ*  4

 a   3

−4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5

−1

−2

f : [ 0, +∞[ → ℝ 4

f ( x) = x 3

Gf = {( a, a ) / a ≥ 0} 2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

−1

−2

f :ℝ → ℝ 4

f ( x) = 3 x 3

{( )
G f = a, 3 a / a ∈ ℝ } 1

−9 −8 −7 −6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

−1

−2

−3

−4

−5
 y

f :ℝ → ℝ
f ( x ) = sen ( x )
2

{( a, sen ( a ) ) / a ∈ ℝ}
1

Gf =
x

−5π/2 −2π −3π/2 −π −π/2 π/2 π 3π/2 2π 5π/2

−1

−2

−3

f :ℝ → ℝ
f ( x ) = cos ( x )
2

{( a, cos ( a ) ) / a ∈ ℝ}
1

Gf =
x

−5π/2 −2π −3π/2 −π −π/2 π/2 π 3π/2 2π 5π/2

−1

−2

−3

 kπ 
f : ℝ −  / k ∈ ℤ → ℝ
4

 2  3

f ( x ) = tan ( x )
2

−3π/2 −π −π/2 π/2 π 3π/2

−1

 kπ 
G f = ( a, tan ( a ) ) / a ≠ , k ∈ ℤ −2

 2  −3

−4

−5

−6
 y

f : ℝ − {kπ / k ∈ ℤ} → ℝ
5

f ( x ) = cot ( x ) 3

{ }
1

G f = ( a, cot ( a ) ) / a ≠ kπ , k ∈ ℤ x

−3π/2 −π −π/2 π/2 π 3π/2

−1

−2

−3

−4

−5

−6

 kπ 
f : ℝ −  / k ∈ ℤ → ℝ 4

 2  3

f ( x ) = sec ( x ) 2

 kπ 
G f = ( a,sec ( a ) ) / a ≠
−3π/2 −π −π/2 π/2 π 3π/2

, k ∈ ℤ
 2  −1

−2

−3

−4

−5

−6

f : ℝ − {kπ / k ∈ ℤ} → ℝ
5

f ( x ) = csc ( x ) 3

Gf = {( a, csc ( a ) ) / a ≠ kπ , k ∈ ℤ} −3π/2 −π −π/2 π/2 π 3π/2

x

−1

−2

−3

−4

−5

−6
 y

 π π
f : [ −1,1] →  − , 
π

 2 2
f ( x ) = arcsen ( x ) π/2

Gf = {( a, arcsen ( a ) ) / a ∈ [ −1,1]} −1 1
x

−π/2

−π

f : [ −1,1] → [ 0, π ] π

f ( x ) = arccos ( x )
π/2

Gf = {( a, arccos ( a ) ) / a ∈ [ −1,1]} x

−1 1

−π/2

−π

 π π
π

f : ℝ → − , 
 2 2
f ( x ) = arctan ( x )
π/2

Gf = {( a, arctan ( a ) ) / a ∈ ℝ}
x

−4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5

−π/2

−π
 y

π 
f : ℝ − ]−1,1[ → [ 0, π ] −  
3π/2

2 π

f ( x ) = arc sec ( x )
π/2

Gf = {( a,sec −1
( a ) ) / a ≤ −1 ∨ a ≥ 1} −4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4
x

−π/2

−π

−3π/2

 π π
3π/2

f : ℝ − ]−1,1[ →  − ,  − {0}
 2 2
π

f ( x ) = arc csc ( x ) π/2

−4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5

Gf = {( a, csc −1
( a ) ) / a ≤ −1 ∨ a ≥ 1} −π/2

−π

−3π/2

f : ℝ → ]0, π [
3π/2

f ( x ) = arc cot ( x ) π

π/2

Gf = {( a, cot −1
( a ) ) / a ∈ ℝ} −4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4

−π/2

−π

−3π/2
 y

f : ℝ → ]0, +∞[
9

f ( x) = e x 7

{( a, e ) / a ∈ ℝ}
5

Gf = a
4

−2 −1 1 2 3

−1

−2

f : ]0, +∞[ → ℝ
4

f ( x ) = ln x
3

G f = {( a, ln a ) / a > 0} 1

−1 1 2 3 4 5 6

−1

−2

−3

−4

−5

f : ℝ → ]0, +∞[ f : ]0, +∞[ → ℝ

0 < a <1 0 < a <1
f ( x ) = a x = e x ln a ln x
f ( x ) = log a x =
ln a
y y

9
4

1
5

x
4
−1 1 2 3 4 5

3
−1

−2

−3
x

−4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4

−4
−1

−2 −5