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NIBA Belt Line 2013 Issue One PDF
NIBA Belt Line 2013 Issue One PDF
Vol. 12 Issue 1
Belt Line
A Publication of NIBA – The Belting Association
Make it Happen!
September 12 – 15
By John Shelton, 2013 Program Chair, Belt Power LLC
Vulcanizing Cycle
5 NIBA Scholarships
8 Go for the
Gold 10 Member-to-
Member 12 For HW Conveyor
Belt Splicing
6737 W Washington St, Suite 1300, Milwaukee, WI 53214 • 414.389.8606 • FAX 414.276.7704 • www.niba.org
Letter from the President
Change, Evolution and People “Make it Happen” for NIBA
Belt Line
Executive Director............Jennifer Rzepka, CAE
Over the next several months, NIBA will be working to educate our members
by clearly defining how this group does business, and how we would create the
criteria for such a membership category…all of which will be voted upon by you
Account Coordinators...................... Sandy Kaye
at our next Convention in September. As your representatives, the Membership
Amanda Wallich
Graphic Designer........................Dan Dudzinski
Committee volunteers, Board of Directors, and the Executive Board present this
proposed classification with the intent of improving NIBA, in a continuing effort to
move NIBA forward as the global marketplace evolves.
Editing of all member submissions for inclusion
in the Belt Line is a NIBA Board of Directors This summer we will conduct the triennial strategic planning meeting, during
requirement. Generally, comments regarding which creative and energetic representatives from all facets of our NIBA demo-
quality, value, cost, etc., will be deleted. graphic will meet for two days. This group will brainstorm to generate a course of
action for NIBA in the short term, as well as a long-term vision of what will keep
Corrections/Additions our organization vibrant, valuable, and relevant to our members in the years to
come. My personal goal with this meeting is to provide our members with a list
In the Member to Member section of the
of realistic goals and innovative ideas to make NIBA the best trade organization in
December 2012 Issue, the wrong photo was
included with the announcement of Patrick S.
which your company belongs. I want it to be a symbol of pride and distinction to
Spinelli’s promotion to Plant Manager for Hyde your employees and your customers when they see the NIBA logo on your web-
Tools. The correct photo is below: site, letterhead, front-door, and office walls. Being a NIBA member should mean
something special, and we are working hard to reinforce that idea in our ongoing
efforts to improve and brand this great organization.
It is truly an honor and privilege to serve as your President. I often think back to
when I first started working as a volunteer ten years ago, and remember being
nervous and apprehensive that my contributions would be of any value to this
organization. Never once did I imagine that I would one day be where I am today.
I take this responsibility seriously, and have tremendous respect for the position.
When my term has ended,I hope to look back at my year as President and take
The three social networks described above are today’s leaders, but in this rapidly
changing landscape there will surely be more in the future. All three services
have Smart Phone apps compatible with IPhone, Android, and Windows Mobile
that are free to download and make keeping up easy to do while on the go. To
be sure that these media services are not abused, the NIBA marketing commit-
tee, with the help of Amanda Wallich at the NIBA Office, will be monitoring
these networks, as well as providing much of the content. To report any activity
that you feel is not commiserate with the spirit of NIBA, please contact Amanda
(amanda@niba.org) by email. So in 2013, NIBA encourages those already using
social media to “Follow”, “Like”, and “Connect” with NIBA. If you are not yet an
active participant, we encourage you join!
John P. Green
NIBA President 2013
Green Rubber - Kennedy Ag
4 Belt Line – March 2013
A Publication of NIBA–The Belting Association
Seeing that these scholarships are a true benefit to all NIBA If you are considering sending any participants to the training
Members alike, we encourage our Members to promote this in 2013, this is another benefit and incentive to do so.
opportunity as an employee benefit within their companies.
If you have any questions about any of these scholarships
Applications will be graded on written essay while also being offer by NIBA, please visit NIBA.org for more information or
graded on his/her involvement in their community, church, call the NIBA offices at 414-389-8606.
school service. In addition they will be graded on any leader-
ship opportunities that they have demonstrated. The applica-
tion can be submitted online at www.niba.org no later than
April 1, 2013.
Go for the Gold! to the NIBA Scholarship fund in 2013. Please support
these companies for their generosity in
support of NIBA’s scholarship fund!
All-State Belting LLC Atlanta Belting Company Inc Advanced Flexible Composites Inc
Apache Inc
American Biltrite (Canada) Ltd Beltservice Corporation Baldwin Supply Company
Belt Power LLC Canadian Bearings Ltd Belt Corporation of America Inc
Chiorino Inc Conveyor Accessories Inc Blair Rubber Company
Colmar Belting Company Inc
Contitech Mexicana SA de CV D P Brown of Detroit Inc Conviber Inc
Forbo Siegling LLC Derco B V Epperson & Company
Jerry Bros Industries Inc Friesen’s Inc-Conveying Solutions Gates Mectrol Corp
Great Lakes Belting & Supply Corp
LewisGoetz Industrial Supply Solutions Inc Habasit America
Midwest Rubber Service & Martin Engineering HBD-Thermoid, Inc - Corporate Offices
Supply Co Passaic Rubber Company Jason Industrial Inc
Motion Industries Inc
Nashville Rubber & Gasket Co Inc RAM Enterprise Inc, MSI - Muhlen Sohn Industries LP
Reichel-Korfmann Co Inc Corporate Office Mulhern Belting Inc
Veyance Technologies Inc Sparks Belting Company NILOS GmbH
Novex Inc
William Goodyear Company Virginia Carolina Belting, a PANG Industrial
division of R/W Connection Pooley Inc
Ram Belting Company Inc
REMA TIP TOP - NA
Rematech-Division Bremo Inc
Richmond Supply Co & Rubber Div
Instructors:
REGISTER TODAY!
Gregg Hanson, BDI Belt Network
Go to www.niba.org
Mike VandenAkker, Sparks Belting Plan now for your employees
Todd Miller, Beltservice Corporation to attend this belt specific
training opportunity.
A Publication of NIBA–The Belting Association
Donation Amount
q I would like to make a contribution of $_______ to achieve _______________ status.*
q I would like to add enough to my current 2013 contribution to bring my total to $800 to reach Gold status.
q I’ve already reached Gold status for 2013 but wish to additionally contribute $_______.
*Your company’s cumulative contributions count towards your overall status in the President’s Club and towards gem levels
Goodyear Rubber Products, Inc., an industrial rubber Argonics is now offering versions of its Eraser DS and XTC
products distributor headquartered in St. Petersburg, Florida systems for use with high-temperature materials. These
celebrated their 65th year in business in February. Goodyear new systems feature an all-steel blade with a tungsten tip,
Rubber Products opened for business on February 10th, replacing the polyurethane and tungsten version. Argonics’
1948 on Central Avenue in downtown St. Petersburg near DS and XTC systems have supported bulk material-handling
their current headquarters. Founded by Brooklyn NY trans- customers for years with superior secondary cleaning. The
Flexco recently announced the addition of the CoreTech™ Reveyron introduces a new range of inclined PU cleats with
line of rollers to its wide range of products designed to a small base. Please contact us for more information: info@
maximize belt conveyor productivity. The next generation of reveyron.com.
troughing and return rollers are made of lightweight, high
strength, corrosion- and abrasion-resistant composite materi-
als. Designed to overcome common issues with belt con- New Personnel
veyor rollers, CoreTech rollers are durable enough to tackle Apache Inc., headquartered in Cedar Rapids, is pleased to
a variety of environments, feature lightweight construction, announce Randy Walter has joined the executive manage-
require less energy, and emit less noise than steel counter- ment team as their Chief Financial Officer. “Randy joins
parts. The rollers provide the same ratings as steel rollers with us with more than 20 years of professional experience, the
no loss of functional performance, while providing a longer majority of which is in the manufacturing and distribution
service life and superior wear. environment,” says Tom Pientok, President and CEO. “His
background in strategic planning and multinational business,
A full line of blades designed to cut and finish rolls of paper,
paired with merger and acquisitions experience are an ideal
film and foil, corrugated materials, textiles and abrasives
fit for Apache.” Randy Walter is a Certified Public Accoun-
down to size is available from Hyde Industrial Blade Solu-
tant, who graduated from the University of Northern Iowa.
tions (IBS). Hyde’s Score Slitter Blades, complemented by
a line of Perforator Blades for finishing products, are engi- Flexco recently hired Steven Hennessey as
neered to provide clean cuts consistently when taking mate- a Project Sales Manager for North America.
rials down to sheets. Also known as “crush cutters”, Hyde’s In this role, Steven will be responsible
Score Slitter Blades convert rolls of materials into sheets or for managing business development for
smaller sections via a crushing versus cutting action. For project-related work in the U.S.
more information, visit www.hydeblades.com.
Mandy E. Lushch has joined Jerry Broth-
Lippert International is now pleased to offer spiral lace in ers Industries as General Manager of the
FDA grade blue color. Many of the standard models that Richmond, VA branch, effective March
have always been available in black and white are now also 11, 2013. Prior to joining JBI, Mandy Steven Hennessey
available in blue for your food and pharmaceutical process- spent four years at the Federal Home Loan
ing belts. Contact us today for more information. Mortgage Corporation where her last posi-
tion was Vice President of Operational
Maxi-Lift Inc., the leading manufacturer of plastic eleva-
Risk Management. Mandy also worked 11
tor buckets, proudly announces the new series of Tiger-CC
years in the consulting industry, provid-
elevator buckets. Expanding on the enormous success of the
ing advisory services, such as internal
Tiger-Tuff, the Tiger-CC has the design of the CC, with the
audit, Sarbanes-Oxley compliance and
toughness of the original Tiger-Tuff. With thicker walls and
risk management expertise, to financial
corners, the Tiger-CC is the new standard in maximum duty
services clients. Mandy holds a Bachelor
elevator buckets.
of Science in Commerce from the Univer-
sity of Virginia. Mandy E. Lushch
10 Belt Line – March 2013
A Publication of NIBA–The Belting Association
So what are these stresses? You should always consult your ceramic lagging supplier for
recommendations on proper specification of ceramic lagging.
First we have compression. This is simply measured by divid-
ing T1 tension by belt width. This will give you the actual
PIW that is compressing the lagging substrate underneath the
ceramic tiles. Why is this important? The wonderful thing
about rubber is that it flexes, takes hits, stretches and can
handle pretty much whatever we throw at it as long as we
SHOW YOUR NIBA PRIDE
are not reaching either full compression or full stretch. At full
compression or full stretch rubber will be damaged. This is
Proudly represent your NIBA member status
important because when there is a 1/4” ceramic tile in a 1/2” and add our “Proud Member of NIBA - The
or 5/8” ceramic pulley lagging there is only 1/4” -3/8” rubber Belting Association” logo to your company
for dealing with compression. website. Download the logo by visiting our
Membership page after logging on to NIBA.org.
T he vulcanization cycle
for conveyor belt splic-
ing falls under three base
safe to allow the tires to reach their final state of cure in this
manner.
Vulcanization is a process that transforms the predominantly 3. Cure, reversion or overcure stage (state of cure), 300° F +
thermoplastic uncured splice rubber into an elastic rubbery
1. The flow time period represents the time during pre-
or hard ebonite-like state. This process, which involves the
vulcanization temperatures, during which no measurable
association of macro molecules through their reactive sites, is
crosslinking has occurred. During that period the rubber
also called crosslinking or curing.
compound flows uninhibited. For example, as in Steel
Be sure to note, it is the conversion of molecules into a net- Cord Splicing or Finger Splicing, it is necessary for the
work by the formation of crosslinks. The number of crosslinks rubber compound to maintain a prolonged flow time in
formed depends on the amount of reaction time and tem- order to fill all splice cavity spaces and for all entrapped
perature. One calls it the degree of vulcanization or more air to escape the splice completely. This is an important
commonly crosslink density. point as we noted earlier, vulcanization is a molecular
process. Thus the crosslinks cannot form between mol-
Thus, the term “vulcanization” embraces not only the cross- ecules that are not in close contact with each other.
linking or curing reaction itself, but also the process that is
used to achieve this goal. This is the first part of the under- 2. As the compound is heated past the flow time point, the
standing needed, in splicing we are using the term a little properties of the compound change from a soft plastic
more openly than say a tire plant when they use the term. (think of something along the lines of peanut butter) to
a tough elastic compound. During this stage the build-
The first key part of this understanding is in conveyor belt ing of crosslinks are introduced, which connect the long
splicing, where solvents, primers and cements are used. polymer chains of the rubber molecule together. As more
Often the belt itself has a water in the fabric and the splice is time occurs more crosslinks are introduced, the polymer
done in a humid environment (greater than 75%). This is very chains become more firmly connected and the stiffness
common in mining applications where the belting has been or modulus of the compound increases. The speed of this
in service for some months. reaction can be a worry, too fast and no deep crosslinks
are formed, only near surface molecules react.
For example, in a tire plant the tires are cured under a great
deal of pressure (10,000 lbs) at higher than normal tempera- 3. At the cure stage, major technological properties of the
ture (350° F) , but only stay in the mold (under pressure) for compound are now forming, it is necessary to control the
a few minutes (fifteen - seventeen minutes). The final part of cure time of the rubber to its optimum state of cure (maxi-
the cure is done while the tire is in the cool down room after mum stress value), but not past that point. For instance,
being removed from the mold. when rubber compounds are properly crosslinked it is
possible to stretch ten times its original length, and after
In the tire building process no solvents, primers and cements removing the tension, it will return to its original shape
are used ,and great care is taken to make sure the fabric and and length (i.e. the molecules are coiled together from the
steel cords remain dry (plant humidity is closely monitored). crosslinking process and as they stretch they uncoil, thus
Since there are no liquids present to create off-gassing, it is the elastic effect of rubber).
Time, Minutes
The optimum point of vulcanization is a measured point of
There are a few basic formulas to calculate the cure time for TC-90 (i.e. 90% of the open and reactive sites have been
belt cross sections, but I have found 90% of the splicers in cross-linked). This can also be called crosslink density.
the field just guess at what they think the cure time should
Dwell temperature can greatly affect how quickly this TC-90
be. A common test I do in splice schools is pass around a
will occur. As an example if we run the rheometer at 350°
small section of belting and ask each to write down what the
F, we move the scale to the left and decrease the flow time
cure time should be for it.
range and the soak time for the heat to find the center of
Many look around the room with a blank face. This is the rea- the belt. It would reduce the cure time cycle but at a cost
son I had these simple slip on gauges made for the time calcu- to splice life. So as an example if we run the rheometer at
lation of standard grade belt splices cured at 300° F (149° C). 250° F, we move the scale to the right and greatly increase
Note: EPDM belts cure at 320° F and double the time scale. (by hours not minutes) the amount of dwell time needed to
find this measured point of crosslink density of 90%. One Understanding Pressure
upside is we can move heat into the center of the belt in a
more controlled manner, have a better rubber flow and thus Pressure can be a bit of a wild card, worldwide 100 PSI for
increase the molecule to molecule contact. fabric belts and 200 PSI for ST belts are well received as the
norm. In some parts (Europe) as low as 60 PSI is used on
In general terms the best balance for field curing (splicing) fabric belts and common with Japanese makers is 150 PSI
conveyor belting has been found to be 290° ‐ 310° F (143° for Steel Cord belts.
-154° C). Keep in mind the blend of Polyester and Nylon in
the fabric and its reaction to heat history is the reason to this We have to keep in mind, “it is all about crosslink density,”
proven temperature range. and its relationship to cured splice adhesions. Testing has
shown about 40 lbs per inch of peel is the least one should
Remember it is all about crosslink density and that cannot work with.
happen without solid contact (pressure) on a molecular
scale. This has to happen in a controlled manner. Now that number can be taken out of context if you don’t
factor in the belts true operating tension. Many conveyor
Now for the 800 lb gorilla in the room question. What hap- systems never use more than 70% of the belt working ten-
pens when you make multiple cures? You see some splice sion. So somewhat less peel adhesion values have worked in
companies buy a 28” cure length press then make three the past.
cures on a splice length of 72”.
I have made splice samples on European and American belts
Many failed splices are not recognized as failure from mul- (same ratings) at both 60 lbs and 100 lbs of pressure and
tiple curing. The problem is the original belt in the splice there is a measurable difference in adhesions. With that said
area, it may not produce a visible change in its appearance I have made tests on American fabric belts at 100 lbs and
from manufacturing. The true problem is between the plies 200 lbs of adhesion and there is also measurable difference
in the step area from the uncured splice materials. These ma- in adhesions.
terials are what hold the splice together during its dynamic
service life. Do you need the 200 lbs of pressure on fabric belt? No, you
can get to your working adhesion of 40 lbs of peel per inch
In the below one inch wide adhesion test strip of a multiple with 100 lbs of pressure (and sometimes less). Do you de-
cured splice (three‐heats), the area just outside the vulcaniz- crease the crosslink density with less pressure? Yes, remem-
ing press has very low adhesions along with gas pockets. ber that molecular scale bit earlier. Fact is more pressure is
This on average is two to three inches long and runs across better, but the adhesion relationship curve starts to plateau
the width of the belt. Since heat greater than 230° F radiates after about 100 lbs on fabric belts.
out along the splice without pressure the splice rubber starts
curing but without firm contact to the belt (pressure). FYI -Using double the specified cure pressure on high
tension fabric belts is a nice little trick used by a few splice
These low/no adhesion areas will present problems if water companies in the know. The process has to be handled just
is present in the belt or product conveyed. If so there is like a steel cord splice (i.e. splice table and over-‐length
a much greater opportunity for dynamic flex breakdown. press) or a crooked/wavy splice could be the result.
Multiple curing splices on any high tension belt will become
a problem and should be avoided. This practice will affect The above same science can be used for Steel Cord splices
the dynamic service life of the splice as seen in the adhesion as well. As noted, in some parts of the world 150 lbs is
results below. common and in others 200 lbs is the norm. Something to
understand is that steel cord belt construction is different
than fabric belt (outside of the obvious). There can be 150
very small diameter cords in one and 100 cords in the other
and both carry the same ST rating. In the smaller diameter
belt since more cords are present it is possible to use less
pressure.
Lastly any water that works its way into this cross splice open-
ing will cause the splice to fail. Since the belt goes through
That means at 100 PSI the boiling point of the water in the stretch and compression on each revaluation and water cannot
fabric of a used belt is 328° F (164° C), at 200 PSI 382° F be compressed failure from hydrolyses will occur.
(194° C). This is an important point, as any area of the splice
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By Lisa King, Marketing Committee, Jerry Bros Industries, Inc.