CAUSE AND EFFECT RELATIONSHIP (HUBUNGAN SEBAB AKIBAT)

Kalimat sebab akibat adalah kalimat yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu situasi yang
menyebabkan terjadinya situasi lainnya. Situasi yang menjadi penyebab dinamakan cause (sebab)
dan situasi yang menjadi akibat dinamakan effect (akibat).

Contoh Kalimat Bahasa Inggris Sebab Akibat:

1. I got flat tire, so I can’t come on time at school.

Cause: I got flat tire

Effect: I can’t come on time at school.

2. She came late to her school this morning because she got a little accident.

Effect: She came late to her school this morning.

Cause: She got a little accident.

Secara umum cause ditulis lebih dahulu baru kemudian diikuti effect. Namun tidak jarang juga effect
ditulis lebih dahulu dan diikuti oleh cause seperti dalam contoh kalimat sebab akibat di atas.

Aturan menyusun kalimat sebab akibat

Dalam Bahasa Inggris, untuk menghubungkan situasi yang memiliki hubungan sebab akibat,
diperlukan connectors (penghubung) tertentu, yaitu:

· conjunctions: because, as, so, for, since, as a result, because of, due to, owing to, as a result of,
as a consequence of

· adverbial conjunctions: thus, therefore (for that reason), thereby (by that means, as a result of
that), hence, consequently

Penggunaan connectors tersebut mengikuti beberapa aturan sebagai berikut (perhatikan secara
seksama peletakan connectors dan tanda baca yang digunakan pada masing-masing contoh kalimat:

Aturan 1 : Connectors Diikuti noun (kata benda)

Connectors tersebut adalah : due to/owing to /as a result of/as a consequence of/ because of + noun
(kata benda)

Connectors + Cause, + Effect

Effect + Connectors + Cause

Contoh:

1. Carol is very proud because of her beauty

2. Due to rainy weather, Nina brings an umbrella.

3. Owing to Nany’s sincerity, everyone loves her.

4. Many buildings were broken as a result of the earthquake.

5. John is fired as a consequence of his fatal mistakes.

Aturan 2 : Connectors Diikuti clause (klausa)

Connectors tersebut adalah : because, as, so, for, since, as a result + clause (klausa)

Connectors + Cause, + Effect

Effect, + Connectors + Cause

Contoh:

1. Because I will take her postgraduate study in Australia, I decided to move there next year.

2. As the government has announced the new petrol price, some gas stations follow this
regulation.

3. For I cannot do all the test items on time, I fail to get a perfect score.

4. My friend is invited to follow English Camp in Singapore since he is one of the experts.

5. May father has got a flat tire, so he cannot reach the office on time.

Due to+diikuti frasa

Because of+diikuti frasa

Because+diikuti kalimat

Since+diikuti kalimat

Untuk mengekspresikan cause dan effect dalam bahasa inggris, signal word atau kata hubung diatas
biasanya diikuti oleh frasa atau kalimat.

·           Diikuti Frasa

Kata sebab akibat yang diikuti dengan subjek + verb atau verb phrase biasanya menggunakan kata
atau frasa (signal word/phase) seperti :

Due to

Because of

Di bawah ini adalah pola yang biasa digunakan:

Signal word/phrase         +             Cause    +             Effect

atau
Effect    +             Signal word/phrase         +             Cause

Contoh:

1.         Due to Bella’s nervousness, she did not pass the driving test.

Karena kegugupan Bella, dia tidak lulus ujian menyetir.

Signal phrase: due to

Cause: Bella’s nervousness

Effect: She did not pass the driving test

2.          He’s always late because of his gaming habits

Dia selalu telat karena kebiasaan bermain game-nya.

Signal phrase: Because of

Cause: His gaming habits

Effect : He’s always late

3.         Because of the rain, we canceled the outing.

Karena hujan, kita membatalkan pikinik itu.

Signal phrase: As a result of

Cause: the rain

Effect : we canceled the outing

4.      Dennis could not sing owing to his sore throat

Dennis tidak bisa bernyanyi karena sakit tenggorakanya

Signal phrase: owing to

Cause: his sore throat

Effect : Dennis could not sing

·           Diikuti oleh Kalimat

Kata sebab akibat yang diikuti dengan subjek + verb atau kalimat biasanya menggunakan kata
hubung :
 

Because

Since

Di bawah ini adalah pola yang biasa digunakan:

Signal word/phrase         +             Cause    +             Effect

atau

Effect    +             Signal word/phrase         +             Cause

Contoh:

1.         Because Bella was nervous, she did not pass the driving test.

Karena Bella gugup, dia tidak lulus ujian tes mengemudi.

Signal phrase: because

Cause: Bella was nervous

Effect: She did not pass the driving test

2.         He’s always late because he always stay up at night.

Dia selalu telat karena dia selalu begadang

Signal phrase: Because

Cause: he always stay up at night

Effect : He’s always late

3.      The outing was canceled since it’s raining

Piknik itu dibatalkan karena hujan.

Signal phrase: since

Cause: it’s raining

Effect : the outing was canceled