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Bio Exp5 PDF
Bio Exp5 PDF
Bio Exp5 PDF
Declaration
I confirm that I have read and shall comply with all the terms and condition of TAR
College’s plagiarism policy.
I declare that this assignment is free from all forms of plagiarism and for all intents
and purposes is my own properly derived work.
Signature(s):_____________________________________________________________
Name(s):_________________________________________________________________
Date: __________________
Title: Structure of Leaves
Aims:
1. To examine the structures of monocotyledonous leaf and dicotyledonous leaf and
their functions;
2. To investigate the structures of hydrophyte, mesophyte and xerophyte;
Observation:
Instruction: Attach your labelled photomicrographs/drawings. Give a suitable title by
completing the necessary information.
Magnification: 4x10
b) A cross section of a dicotyledonous leaf (hibiscus). Total magnification:
10x10 . Label the palisade mesophyll, spongy mesophyll, guard cells, upper
epidermis, lower epidermis, and cuticle.
Upper epidermis One cell thick, thin and Upper epidermis One cell thick, thin
transparent that allows and transparent that
sunlight to pass allows sunlight to
through. pass through.
Lower epidermis Contains stomata that Lower epidermis Contains stomata that
regulates gas regulates gas
exchange. exchange.
2. What is the advantage of a flat, thin leaf blade to the process of photosynthesis?
A flat ,thin leaf blade allows the maximum sunlight to pass through easily , larger
surface area allows gases to exchange more efficiently to carry out photosynthesis.
3. Are the bulliform cells more abundant in the upper or lower epidermis? How do
you know which epidermis is the upper epidermis, anyway?
Bulliform cells more abundant in the upper epidermis.Upper epidermis is covered by
a layer of cuticle and it does not contain any chloroplast as well as stomata which
present in lower epidermis.
4. Examine the midrib or main vein. Which tissue is on top, the xylem or phloem?
Xylem.
Attach your labeled photomicrographs of the three types of plants. State clearly the
section of the slide and the total magnification. State which is a mesophyte, a xerophyte,
and a hydrophyte.
Figure 5: The cross section of hydrophyte
Magnification: 10x10
Magnification: 10x10
Which of the following is a xerophyte? Which is a hydrophyte?
P Q R
Reference:
Gan Wat Yeat, 2016, Success Biology SPM, Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd., Shah Alam , Selangor Darul
Ehsan. Pp 171