SECONDARY

TILLAGE
EQUIPMENT
OBJECTIVES OF
SECONDARY TILLAGE

To prepare a seedbed
Or to make the soil suited for
(trans)planting.
SECONDARY TILLAGE EQUIPMENT

 Disk Harrow
 Spike Tooth Harrow
 Spring Tooth harrow
 Listers and Bedders
 Packer and Roller
 Cono Puddler
 Disk
Harrow
 Consists of slightly
concave disks

mounted on a single shaft.

Disks cut stalks and crop residue.
 • Used
for land
levelling

and seedbed
preparation.
Suitable for soil
with heavy
stones and roots.
• also for mulch
tillage
Parts of a Disk
Harrow
 scrapers
remove soil
sticking to the
shaft
disks
spool disk spacer
for mounting disks working
disks parts
 The entire assembly
consisting of blades
and mounting shaft is
called a gang.

A harrow always works in

pairs of gangs.
PRIMARY TYPES OF
DISK HARROWS
Gangs are classified based
on gang arrangement.
 Single-acting
 V-shaped
 Double-acting or tandem
 Offset
 Single Acting
With 2 gangs placed
end to end

forming an
obtuse angle.
Soil is thrown in opposite
directions
away from the center.
 V-Shaped

With 2 gangs arranged

behind each other.
Soil thrown to the right
by the first gang
is thrown to the left by
the next gang.
 Tandem or Double Acting
With 2 opposed front
gangs

and 2 opposed
rear gangs
 The rear gangs throw the
soil to the center.

The front gangs throw

the soil outward,
This system mixes the soil
throughly,

but usually
creates a ridge
at the center.
The center ridge
is eliminated

by offsetting and
overlapping the gangs.
 Offset Disk Harrow

Hitch points
 Offset disk harrows
received their name
because of their tendency to
trail to one side of the tractor
hitch point.
Hitch points
 Hitch points

Menchie R. del Rosario, RPAE

LSPU, Siniloan, Laguna
SPIKE TOOTH HARROW

Or Peg Tooth Harrow

It is a typical
implement for
shallow
seedbed
preparation.
It consists of a teeth mounted in
staggered position on a frame.
 It crumbles soil,
loosens soil crusts, mixes fertilizer and
organic matter with soil,

kills small
weeds,
and levels the soil.
 Light weight,
Advantages

may be
combined with
low draft other
requirement implements
 Operation by
scratch
and
blow
principle

Tools run up against Soil moves sideways

clods and get smashed by
the next tool.
and break them.
Soil Engaging Tools
• arranged in staggered position.

Sections allow the tines to

• by sections.
follow the soil profile.
SPRING
TOOTH
HARROW
It is practically the
same as peg tooth
harrow,
but the pegs are spring-tined.
or with curved spring tines.
LISTERS
AND
BEDDERS
Listers or bedders are also known as

lister-planter,
lister-bedder,
disk bedder,
middlebuster,
and middlebreaker.
THEY ARE USED
 To build ridges and furrows
 To cover tubers.
THE SOIL-ENGAGING TOOLS MAY
BE

or small disk gangs.

double moldboard
type
 MOLDBORAD
TYPE
BOTTOMS
ARE GENERALLY
CALLED LISTERS,
middlebuster
or middlebreaker.
A ridger is one with disk bottoms.
 Lister-planter

Opens a furrow and plants simultaneously.

A bedder or a bed
shaper constructs
beds for planting.
 Beds
prepared
before
planting.
ROLLERS
AND
PACKERS
Rollers and packers are used to
pulverize lumps and clods
and level the soil.
 ROLLER
A roller consists
of one or more
axles each with a
plain, ribbed or
serrated cylinder
(350-600 mm
diameter).
Rollers leave the soil surface
leveled

but with small ridges

so there is less wind erosion.
 Packers consist of narrow
cast-iron spiked wheels
that are freely mounted on a
shaft.
PACKER

 Saves moisture
 Helps control wind and
water erosion
 Firms up seed bed
 Breaks clods
CONO
PUDDLER
THE IRRI CONO PUDDLER
mounted on a toolbar.
The
toolbar is
hitched to
a power
tiller.
consists
of a single gang of 6
conical rotors
THE IRRI CONO PUDDLER

and bury
weeds
and trash
with a The rotors
rolling puddle the
action. soil through
a differential
soil-displacing action
THE IRRI CONO PUDDLER

Puddling
width is
1.6 m.
Field
capacity is
1.5 ha/day.
END OF PRESENTATION