— ‘Topic : SIMPLE STRESS Course Objective(s) 1, Be able to apply knowledge of math, science and engineering. 2. Be able to identify, fouuviaie and solve engineering problems | Specific Objective(s) | 1. Tobeable to determine the different types of stresses and forces acting ‘on machine element 2, To be able to solve problems involving stress and forces using basic knowledge in Statics of Rigid Bodies and MathematicsProper material and efficient functionality of machine elements are basic problems of an engineer Je she must cover. Therefore it is important that we know/ how to determine the stifihess, strength, and ner properties of materials that we are planning to desig terial will break «not dees not depend only on the value of the ‘de material where the applied force For us to conclude that a certain mat force applied in the material but also the cross-section! area of exiernal iad on the end of the rod, i Joad on the cross-sectional area Consider a circular rod on Figure 1.0. Fc is the apr’ order for us to determine the rod’s strength is w discribuse all the apr! of the rod. Thus we will have the equation of stress, ¢ which is the value of fores per unit area. Newtons a = Pascals ‘sq.mtrs (Figure 1.0 circular rod wath an applied load)rey a ET | Dividing load by the area of the material does not grve us the exact value of all the stresses at all points of the rod but it gives us what we called as Average Stress and for us to determine the exact value of | the those stresses in a point we will use the differennal load. dF and divide it with the differential area, dA. Figure 1.1 distribution of stress) The condition or state where the stress in all poms are all constant is called simple stress. We can determine that the stress is constant when all of the resultants of these forces will pass to the centroid, C of ithe cross section of the material. Uniform distribution of stress is only possible if the line of action of both loads passes on the same line of action or upon the centro‘d of it, it is. called Centric loading. For eccentric loading on which the load(s) dues not lie on the same line of action as of the |case of the Figure 1.2 (Right), then we have to calculate for the moment of load, P with its distance, d from ithe line of action using the equation of moment; Az Pa(Figure 1.2 Left: Cenzic Loading , Right : Eecentric Loading), Prysicol _Prperties ~Hardnece - Grittlere ce Nechasical__ Proper Ses “Shecé Gheggth lYTransyecca __2) Teaveal a Compressive 7 f + LegitedinalTwo solid cyiuuinc:t rads AB and BC are welded together at B and loaded as shown. ¥cnowing thit the average normal stress must not exceed 175 MPa in rod AB and 150 MPa in rod BC, determine the smallest allowable values of dy and dz. 2.57 mm and d; = 15.96 mm [7 300 morn | — I B [ifn 250 manSe\'n | paw Fae = 40 YN +0 kN Fam = 90 kn 1 nto! Ta wo wife | “aa 2, Atwooor da = A Case 00a) _ ; Sea a4 8 Tao wo . 5 x0 da = 0. 01840 Vm Taw, Saw = Are 70,000 N Ue ee Tat 4 _ F008 sx Re 7a Jar 4 dt = 5.0429 x10 mm? a " 0.0224 m \ Vk = 22.563G mmSample Problem No2 A homogeneous 800-kg bar AB with a length of 10 m is supported at either end by a cable, one end is supported by a 4 m bronze cable and the other is by a 3 m steei cuble. Calculate the smallest area of each cable if the stress is not to exceed 90 MPa in bronze and 120 MPa in steel,fe Fe al & weg W = 200 kg (981 let) w= aeuor £Tys0 Fpt Fe- W=O 9 zMa =O = 3890 HLsm) + Fe Com). By ew vy =0 ae By shun sets = Aswee (ug tbo)? R= |. 7082 y Wye = we (e.3082_ 4+) Wye = !¥. OY the 4) Mc 0 WLS gf) + By Lagd) ~ Bx Cust) <0 Sys xrou th Tee Lise) + Be Logs) af Bys ~b90-02 Ihe + sox A xm )—-() ~ 630-82 [bt + 2Bx = syB- UR ths - BX 2B 4 BK = 505, @lby + G70.62 ths BSx = iar. s oe > a Be = 42s = AwGy = -va0 ee: Ie tae eee 242. w tee) % (Py = 15 BeSh Ney. —— By = ml-my tas - Ay Aye Wow - By Ay = mi ay = 15%. 81 tbs Vays 993. 05 ths] P Solnt Rte Wate Caan Fah = (ones te) (a4 88 tw)” Na = wet-wlbs) - - 4 How-tos) D ' FC on lie?) t D= O-\ 10.eet #2 Rearing Tear Proving Weis KK Q contact pretive between se percre tale He ew og an ememive bearing wtetl k % cace yildeg of He plak or op We ret or lax tee “3 (teateg “ket of tre Tok) = 2 Goreng of ate vel lot)- as D dom Hot a sonm diawker rivet jens te phe tot ae cach td mem wide The allowotle stescar af 120M gor Beanir in tte plak mateial od to MR por heonigg op We ret Bd. @) Minimom thickness = each plate b) Lagect quer senile hess og He por. PyGS. ur Pi Pes Vr m@ . fe gL Ege 7 fo- Edt 1 © sue @ +O = 3B o= Fe fe: Ft dk t= at 4k ts VAT 4te 4 (ao «ior Mine) A= 7.85 x0 ?m 190 x10" aa. =e , (0 O4M)LO-00785m ee = Co.11om =0.02m) (O00%85m Tp= 18640 8 Co.Ho m-0.02m) (200788) Tee 2:67 xIo” FaTre lop yoink gortered by Ply" Diovmeler rivet. Calkube. @ dhe roxio leak P Anat con be applied ip tre sheng ‘ekon in te vet is limited 4o MK andl He beonig coro in te gle x1 KL. Astume the applied jak ic onigormly, distinsted among he your Teh te yh -—» ® %-——_ ® bo © & oo 1" -— ® > 4 vd? fon QO Forte Shearing (D For the Posing 2 __. ts te Th ID Ipkipe arr Pe Cay) CE [rye 138 fl potetng = sl M yin)?linge *2 iHit He Omoutt op change op prysical aimensiené over ___27 Begaton E- Stoin = __" = Foctor of Flingation : oe : Lo = Criginal length .. Duchy ABE HenessSess Stain Dogeam = ve act te ovwart op test, Tord et fo Be ghey oF eorgation, stain. & Paphie Be Yield Pink AL, Lou: Neder Most engineering ciudvres v2 32s : red +> undergo reac oh Pepermchens 3 be: te Toile crin €.70 CEE) =. - Negative, & Fp Blo ee bA ee (ee thal e Ee anesm os winches) : Ream tos _C winches 602 iF) a9 si" Pint) oe lB: o.osszine] —a =15 6 68 ( ioinch) : oa Gan he) a [eS Soccer ce i pe ie Le 12 + (-0.89 x5?) = 1a" les coal9p bora + 814 G24 by eon neeee S-o2ae’ __ [ere yoo 59" | 2 _ 7sical rods are sired OF B. Red Aw Ee A @_ Twos i Je made o¢ steel CE= 290 GPA) ord “RA BW dE Brass ht _ sto. EAE Oe Beats C¥swS Gh). Determine __o) Total degormation of he component ABC _b:) oF pein’B= mean 20-098 F (oon a* Go 16"Palo Pyro wie wm Pee onoitnm | nivnna ina) Po mmm Joss ——+ Link CD_ it made fas CDS sectoral area_o} [gone how, -ort, showy determine, Ae a lection a BOPDemy 2 - 20 t( oom) + Teo (osm) <0 Fep= 190 KN Tension = 0 1 Lo.um)~ Fant o-2m) 6 Faye GO_N Compression Lok AS PL o.o00 v8) ;89 eM Leo mo) “X > X= 99.3] mmSreoring Sin. Fistamnea densi ~ ig depined 0% He onguor change berogen tre two, perpendioslor yO oF Gigpeentiol elonents. oo ___1 (otionhip between cheaving strece ond: snoring srain ouviring hoke% low 4 apply fo dheor is Forma in which G represents te model of elasticity shear —_ md comme nly called tre moduli oF rigiclty _ut THe relationship between tearing deformation cand + | opplied searing perce «Hen epreced 6 . ss — - _ VL jn ubich Vie shearing pore a AcG | acting over shearing Arta Ae