ASSIGNMENT 2

Construction & Material VI

STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS

Submitted by :
Shreya Sinha
170823021
Sec – A , VI semester
B.Arch
D.I.T. University
Museum of Contemporary Art in Niteroi
ARCHITECT: OSCAR NIEMEYER

YEAR: 1991 - 1996

LOCATION: NITEROI, RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL

INTRODUCTION

The architect Oscar Niemeyer summarizes his project for the Museum of Contemporary Art
in Niteroi:

“The field was narrow, surrounded by the sea and the solution came naturally, with the
inevitable starting point the central support. From him, architecture occurred spontaneously
as a flower. The sea view was beautiful and had to take it. I failed the building and beneath
it stretched the picture even more rich. I defined then the profile of the museum. A line
created from the ground and continuously grows and spreads, sensual, even coverage.
The shape of the building, which always imagined circular, was fixed and I stopped inside
passionate. Around the museum created a gallery open to the sea, repeated on the second
floor, a mezzanine bent over the large exhibition hall. “

Also in the words of its creator, the museum emerges like a flower in the rock that
holds them.
STRUCTURE

Niemeyer designed a radial structure sixteen feet high, with a deck of fifty meters in
diameter and almost 2000 square meters which is based on a single central support
cylinder 9 feet in diameter anchored in a giant shoe two meters. This complex structure that
appears to float in the air was designed to withstand a weight equivalent to 400 kg / m² and
winds up to 200 km / hour.

Load distribution (Source – Vormleer.com)

The large central hall with 462m2, completely free of columns and contoured at the top by a
wide space for smaller samples, named as mezzanine, has promoted the implementation of
large tables and radial girders under the roof of the Museum. These beams are supported
by six pillars of 50 cm in diameter.

Pictures of beams and columns are thus a kind of table that is in turn supported on the
structure of the first floor. The weight of the superstructure, transmitted by the columns of
the above “table” on the first floor is supported by a set of radial beams prestressed
concrete made also on the supporting pillar. These beams are projected on balance about
10 meters, creating a circular periphery and protruding on the outside of the museum.
MATERIALS
Cover

The circular roof received a heat treatment and waterproofing.

Beams

The beams were built with prestressed concrete.

Soil

The construction of pavement of the great ramp concrete has been used red, combined
with the white side walls.

The floors of the halls were lined with 3,000 square feet of blue carpet.

Crystals

The 70 triplex glass plates were manufactured exclusively for the project. Each sheet of 18
mm thick bronze is 4.80 and 1.85 meters wide. Framed by steel bars and with an inclination
of 40 degrees to the horizontal plane can sustain a weight equivalent to 20 people.

Glass panels Ramp leading to the museum

(Source- inexhibit.com)
Section of a gallery on the first floor

HAND-DRAWN SKETCHES
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Speedskating stadium / Max Aicher arena
Location: Inzell, Germany
Architect : Behnisch architekten and Pohl architekten (collab)

INTRODUCTION
The outdoor speed skating track was originally built in 1965, and it needed an extensive,
modern renovation in order to become a top-notch competition facility. Similar to a cloud, an
undulating white canopy has been placed upon an existing venue to upgrade the facility for this
year’s world single distant speed skating championships. accommodating 7,000 spectators, the
space offers a flexible internal program to host international competitions and training.
measuring 200 meters long and 90 meters wide, the clear-span high-performance roof is
supported at the outer edge producing a column-free interior.
Structure :
The roof spans the 200 meter x 90 meter track with nary a column, creating a clear and open
space for competitors as well as spectators. The form provides energy and economical benefits
with a ‘low-E’ membrane which has been stretched between the timber and steel trusses to
reflect the cold thermal radiation of the ice back down to the surface of the track maintaining a
low temperature. the translucent material also diffuses natural daylight which enters from a
series of seventeen north-facing skylights.

PLAN (source : https://inhabitat.com/)

View of the opening from the inside (source : detailonline.com)

Ventilation System (source : detailonline.com)

HAND-DRAWN SKETCHES :
Truss rafters
ss

columns 3-D View of the frame of the structure

BIBLIOGRAPHY :
• Detailonline.com
• Inexhibit.com
• Wikiarquitectura.com
• Designboom.com