POKHARA UNIVERSITY

Level: Bachelor Semester – Fall Year : 2007

Programme: BE Full Marks : 100
Course: Water Resource Engineering I Time : 3hrs.
Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far
as practicable.
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Attempt all the questions.
1. a) Define irrigation. What are the benefits and effects of irrigation? 6
b) Under what conditions of drainage and canal crossings are syphon
9
provided? Draw a plan and section through a typical canal syphon and
suggest a method for reducing uplift pressure on the floor of the work.
2. a) Calculate the design discharge of canal at 0, 1, 2, and 3 km from head 8
regulator. The CCA at the head of canal is 5000ha and after each km it
is reduce by 100ha. The intensity of irrigation, kor period and kor depth
for two seasons are 40%, 4 weeks, 12cm and 60%, 2 ½ weeks, 18cm
respectively. Assume channel loss in each reach equal to 3% of
discharge at beginning of each km and a loss of 0.1 cumec below 3 km.
b) Using Lacey’s regime equations derive the equations for: 7
i) Bed slope
ii) Hydraulic radius
3. Why a drop or a fall is provided in a canal? Design following components 15
of a vertical drop fall.
i) crest level and width ii) Cistern element iii) Floor length and thickness
Using Bligh’s creep theory with the data given below
Full supply discharge = 2 cumecs
Drop = 1.0 m
Full supply depth = 0.75m
Canal bed width = 3.0m
Upstream bed level = 200.00m
Downstream bed level = 199.00m
Bligh’s coefficient = 6
4. a) Explain the border strip method of irrigation. How does it differ from 7
the check flooding.
b) Design an irrigation channel to carry a discharge of 30 cumecs by 8
Kennedy’s theory. Take B/D ratio = 6, Kutter’s roughness coefficient
= 0.025 and m = 1.
5. a) Determine the time required for an outlet to irrigate the land area of 7
2ha. Depth of water required at the land is 25cm and the water
application efficiency is 75%. Take full supply discharge of an outlet is
0.05m3/s.
b) Explain with sketches the Bell’s bund. What consideration determines 8
its length? Explain the process of launching of aprons in such works.
6. a) What is an outlet? Write down the requirements that an outlet should 8
fulfil. Distinguish clearly between non-modular and semi modular
outlets.
b) Find the spacing of tile drains for the following data: 7
Coefficient of permeability = 0.1cm/s
Depth of tile drain below ground level = 1.5m
Depth of impervious layer below ground level = 8m
Depth of highest position of water table below ground level = 1.1m
Drainage coefficient = 0.015
Annual rainfall = 1800mm
7. Write short notes on (Any Two): 2×5
a) FMIS in Nepal
b) Location of intake for hill irrigation system
c) Economics of canal lining